CN110742959A

CN110742959A - Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkii feed disease-resistant additive

Info

Publication number: CN110742959A
Application number: CN201911191807.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 季英杰
Original assignee: Tianmen Yuehai Feed Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tianmen Yuehai Feed Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-30
Filing date: 2019-11-28
Publication date: 2020-02-04
Also published as: CN109528916A

Abstract

The invention provides a Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive which is prepared from raw materials of isatis root, rhubarb, astragalus root, scutellaria root, licorice root, coptis root, garlic and codonopsis pilosula according to a weight ratio. The feed additive has the advantages that (1) the addition amount of the traditional Chinese medicine component mixture as the feed additive is only 0.75-10%, and the feed additive can be mixed with the feed according to the weight ratio of 0.4% for feeding, (2) the immunity and disease resistance of the Procambrus clarkii can be obviously improved, the feed additive has the effect of reducing a large amount of dead shrimps in high-temperature seasons, the survival rate is improved, and the problem of shrimp enteritis can be effectively treated; the operation steps of the present invention can be preferably carried out as described above. Tests show that the procambarus clarkia feed prepared by adding the Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant agent is used in 4-7 months (namely a season for producing a large amount of procambarus clarkia) for cultivating procambarus clarkia, and the survival rate is improved by more than 18 percent. (3) The palatability of the procambarus clarkii is not influenced, and (4) the traditional Chinese medicine has rich raw materials, convenient acquisition, easy operation of processing technology and stable cost of raw materials.

Description

Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkii feed disease-resistant additive

Technical Field

The invention relates to an aquatic feed additive, in particular to a Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive.

Background

Procambarus clarkii (Procambarus clarkii) is native to North America and introduced into China from the 20 th century to the 30 th century. In recent years, the breeding of the procambarus clarkii is rapidly developed in China and has huge consumption market. The crayfish breeding area and the crayfish yield in China continuously and rapidly increase. In 2007 to 2016, the breeding yield of the crayfishes in the country is increased from 26.55 ten thousand tons to 85.23 ten thousand tons, and is increased by 221%; the culture area in China exceeds 900 ten thousand mu. In 2016, the total output of crayfish in China is 89.91 ten thousand tons (including the fishing output), and the crayfish has become the largest crayfish producing country in the world in China. With the continuous pursuit of yield and growth speed, the disease frequency of the procambarus clarkii in the breeding link is caused, and the large-scale dead procambarus clarkii is the most serious especially in 5 and 6 months. The main means for solving the problem is prevention, however, most antibiotics, disinfection and sterilization medicines have certain stimulation and side effect on the procambarus clarkii, and in order to deal with the condition of frequent diseases, the Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant additive for the feed can solve the problems of medicine residue and side effect and slow down the harm of the diseases from the aspect of disease prevention.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive which is suitable for preventing and treating procambarus clarkia diseases, has better using effect particularly in the season of turning temperature into warm, and can improve the disease resistance and the culture survival rate.

In order to realize the aim, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia disease-resistant additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight (unit: kilogram)

25-30 parts of isatis root, 20-30 parts of rheum officinale, 15-20 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 10-15 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 10-20 parts of liquorice, 15-20 parts of coptis chinensis, 8-12 parts of garlic and 10-20 parts of codonopsis pilosula.

Preferably, the pharmaceutical composition further comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12-15 parts of sweet wormwood, 3-5 parts of radix angelicae pubescentis, 2-4 parts of lithospermum and 1-2 parts of bacillus subtilis.

The preferable mixture ratio of the components is as follows: 28 parts of isatis root, 25 parts of rhubarb, 15 parts of astragalus, 12 parts of scutellaria, 15 parts of liquorice, 18 parts of coptis, 10 parts of garlic, 15 parts of radix ginseng, 12 parts of sweet wormwood, 4 parts of radix angelicae pubescentis, 3 parts of lithospermum and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis.

The preferable mixture ratio of the components is as follows: 28 parts of isatis root, 25 parts of rhubarb, 15 parts of astragalus, 12 parts of scutellaria, 15 parts of liquorice, 18 parts of coptis, 10 parts of garlic, 15 parts of radix ginseng, 13 parts of sweet wormwood, 4 parts of lithospermum, 5 parts of radix angelicae pubescentis and 1.5 parts of bacillus subtilis.

Grinding above Chinese medicinal materials, pulverizing into micropowder of 100 meshes, and mixing to obtain Chinese medicinal additive; the addition proportion of the traditional Chinese medicine additive in the feed of the procambarus clarkia is 0.75-1.0%.

The medicine effect of the invention is as follows: radix Isatidis has effects of clearing heat, removing toxic substance, cooling blood, and relieving sore throat. It can be used for treating toxic heat, speckle, hyperpyrexia, headache, crimson dark-purple tongue, and scarlet fever.

Da Huang has the actions of purging heat and unblocking intestine, cooling blood and removing toxicity, removing blood stasis and unblocking meridians. For: excessive heat constipation, abdominal pain due to stagnation, diarrhea and dysentery, damp-heat yellow carbuncle, blood heat hematemesis, conjunctival congestion, pharyngeal swelling, acute appendicitis, abdominal pain, carbuncle, furuncle, amenorrhea due to blood stasis, traumatic injury, and scald caused by water and fire; upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Herba Artemisiae Annuae has effects of clearing away summer-heat, removing toxic substance, and preventing malaria, and can be used for treating fever due to summer-heat, fever due to yin deficiency, fever at night, bone steaming, overstrain fever, malaria, and jaundice due to damp-heat. The places of southernwood, Jilin Liaoning, Hebei (southern department), etc. are recorded in the book of drug records of Ben Cao gang mu, Ben Cao Tu Jing, etc.

The scutellaria baicalensis is also named as the camellia root and the indigowoad root, has the effects of clearing heat and drying dampness, purging fire and removing toxicity, stopping bleeding and the like, and is used for treating symptoms such as chest distress and nausea, damp-warm and summer-warm diseases, damp-heat fullness, diarrhea, jaundice, cough due to lung heat, high fever and polydipsia, blood heat and epistaxis, carbuncle and sore toxin and the like. Scutellaria baicalensis is produced in Hebei, Liaoning, Shanxi and the like, and is recorded in the book of drug references such as Chinese pharmacopoeia.

Radix Arnebiae (also known as radix Arnebiae), Plumbum Preparatium, and radix Arnebiae (also known as radix Lithospermi), is prepared by digging root in spring and autumn, removing residual stem and soil, sun drying or oven drying with slow fire, and unprocessed. Has effects of cooling blood, promoting blood circulation, removing toxic substance, promoting eruption, etc., and can be used for treating blood heat and toxic materials, macula purple black, measles without adequate eruption, pyocutaneous disease, eczema, etc.

The invention has the advantages that (1) the traditional Chinese medicine mixture is used as the feed additive with the addition amount of only 0.75-10%, and simultaneously the traditional Chinese medicine mixture can be mixed with the feed according to the weight ratio of 0.4% and then fed; (2) the immunity and disease resistance of the procambarus clarkii can be obviously improved, the effect of alleviating a large number of dead shrimps in high-temperature seasons is achieved, the survival rate is improved, and the problem of shrimp enteritis can be effectively treated; the operation steps of the present invention can be preferably carried out as described above. The test shows that: the procambarus clarkii feed prepared by adding the Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant agent is used in the 4-7 months of procambarus clarkii culture (namely, the season of producing a large amount of shrimps), and the survival rate is improved by more than 18 percent. (3) The palatability of the procambarus clarkii is not influenced; (4) the traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of rich raw materials, convenient acquisition, easy operation of processing technology and stable raw material cost.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention is further explained below by way of example analysis.

Example 1

30 kg of isatis root, 30 kg of rhubarb, 20 kg of astragalus, 15 kg of scutellaria, 15 kg of liquorice, 18 kg of coptis, 10 kg of garlic and 15 kg of codonopsis pilosula are weighed. The eight traditional Chinese medicinal materials are fully ground and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and fully and uniformly mixed by a mixer (the coefficient of variation is less than or equal to 5 percent), so that the Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive is obtained. The addition amount of the disease-resistant additive in the feed of the procambarus clarkia is 4 kg/ton.

Example 2

28 kg of isatis root, 25 kg of rhubarb, 15 kg of astragalus, 12 kg of scutellaria, 20 kg of liquorice, 20 kg of coptis, 12 kg of garlic and 20 kg of codonopsis pilosula are weighed. The eight traditional Chinese medicinal materials are fully ground and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and fully and uniformly mixed by a mixer (the coefficient of variation is less than or equal to 5 percent), so that the Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive is obtained. The addition amount of the disease-resistant additive in the feed of the procambarus clarkia is 4 kg/ton.

Example 3

Weighing 29 kg of isatis root, 21 kg of rhubarb, 19 kg of astragalus root, 11 kg of scutellaria root, 19 kg of liquorice, 16 kg of coptis root, 12 kg of garlic and 20 kg of codonopsis pilosula. The eight traditional Chinese medicinal materials are fully ground and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and fully and uniformly mixed by a mixer (the coefficient of variation is less than or equal to 5 percent), so that the Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive is obtained. The addition amount of the disease-resistant additive in the feed of the procambarus clarkia is 4 kg/ton.

Example 4

28 parts of isatis root, 25 parts of rhubarb, 15 parts of astragalus, 12 parts of scutellaria, 15 parts of liquorice, 18 parts of coptis, 10 parts of garlic, 15 parts of radix ginseng, 12 parts of sweet wormwood, 4 parts of radix angelicae pubescentis, 3 parts of lithospermum and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis. The Chinese herbal medicines are fully ground and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and the bacillus subtilis is added and fully mixed by a mixer (the variation coefficient is less than or equal to 5 percent), so that the Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive is obtained. The addition amount of the disease-resistant additive in the feed of the procambarus clarkia is 4 kg/ton.

Example 5

28 parts of isatis root, 25 parts of rhubarb, 15 parts of astragalus, 12 parts of scutellaria, 15 parts of liquorice, 18 parts of coptis, 10 parts of garlic, 15 parts of radix ginseng, 15 parts of sweet wormwood, 3 parts of radix angelicae pubescentis, 2 parts of lithospermum and 1 part of bacillus subtilis.

The Chinese herbal medicines are fully ground and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and the bacillus subtilis is added and fully mixed by a mixer (the variation coefficient is less than or equal to 5 percent), so that the Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive is obtained. The addition amount of the disease-resistant additive in the feed of the procambarus clarkia is 4 kg/ton.

Example 6

28 parts of isatis root, 25 parts of rhubarb, 15 parts of astragalus, 12 parts of scutellaria, 15 parts of liquorice, 18 parts of coptis, 10 parts of garlic, 15 parts of radix ginseng, 13 parts of sweet wormwood, 4 parts of lithospermum, 5 parts of radix angelicae pubescentis and 1.5 parts of bacillus subtilis.

Example 7

27 parts of isatis root, 25 parts of rhubarb, 18 parts of astragalus, 17 parts of scutellaria, 15 parts of liquorice, 19 parts of coptis, 10 parts of garlic, 18 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 13 parts of sweet wormwood, 4 parts of lithospermum, 4 parts of radix angelicae pubescentis and 1 part of bacillus subtilis. The Chinese herbal medicines are fully ground and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and the bacillus subtilis is added and fully mixed by a mixer (the variation coefficient is less than or equal to 5 percent), so that the Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive is obtained. The addition amount of the disease-resistant additive in the feed of the procambarus clarkia is 4 kg/ton.

Example 8

27 parts of isatis root, 25 parts of rhubarb, 18 parts of astragalus, 17 parts of scutellaria, 15 parts of liquorice, 19 parts of coptis, 10 parts of garlic, 18 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 13 parts of sweet wormwood, 4 parts of pubescent angelica root and 1 part of bacillus subtilis. The Chinese herbal medicines are fully ground and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and the bacillus subtilis is added and fully mixed by a mixer (the variation coefficient is less than or equal to 5 percent), so that the Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive is obtained. The addition amount of the disease-resistant additive in the feed of the procambarus clarkia is 4 kg/ton.

The beneficial effects of the invention are further verified by drug efficacy comparative tests.

Experimental example 1: an A, B, C three-mouth shrimp pond with the shrimp Holotrichia parallela disease is selected.

Symptoms of shrimp black gill disease: the gill part turns brown or dark brown from flesh color until becoming black, and the gill tissue shrinks and dies. The sick young shrimps have weak activity, most of them slowly crawl at the bottom of the pond and stop eating. The sick adult shrimps often float out of the water or adhere to waterweeds and emerge out of the water, do not enter the cave, move slowly and finally die due to dyspnea. The depth of the shrimp pool is 1-1.5 m, and the slope ratio is 1: 2.5. The area of each shrimp pool is 2 mu, and the number of shrimps in each shrimp pool is more than 10 million tails.

Wherein the A, B pool is a test pool, the compositions of the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 4 are respectively and uniformly sprinkled into the A, B shrimp pool by 200g of water according to the dosage of water per mu (area) and per meter (water depth), and sprinkled every six o' clock in the afternoon, and the usage lasts for 5 days. The compositions in the embodiments 2 and 4 are respectively and fully mixed with shrimp feed according to the proportion of 0.4 percent of the total weight of the feed, and the mixture is prepared into bait and then is respectively fed into A, B pools, and the feeding is carried out once a day and is continuously carried out for 10 times.

The C pool is a control pool for regulating and controlling the water quality. Keeping the dissolved oxygen of the shrimp pond above 5 g/L, the pH value of 7-8.5 and the transparency of about 40 cm. The water was changed every 5 days, 1/3 each time. And 5 kilograms of quicklime water is sprayed every 5 days, and 5 kilograms of quicklime is used for each mu and each meter. The treatment results are shown in table 1:

table 1: comparative test for shrimp pond chemical dosing

And (4) test conclusion: after the test pool A, B is applied, the symptoms of the sick shrimps are improved, the death rate is effectively controlled, and the death rate is only 0.9 percent at most. The control pond shrimp symptoms improved, but the mortality rate was higher than that of A, B ponds. In addition, the inventor respectively puts the examples 1 and 3 into the D pool (shrimp Holotrichia branchialis disease), respectively puts the examples 5, 6, 7 and 8 into the E pool (shrimp Holotrichia branchialis disease) and carries out comparison tests, and similar effects to the above table are obtained, wherein the examples 5, 6, 7 and 8 have better effects. Subsequent observations in the D pond, the E pond and the control pond for one month show that the shrimp population in the D, E pond grows well, and particularly the E pond is better. The water in the control pool is renewed and treated again, so that the water quality is better, but the disease incidence is still higher.

Experimental example 2: an A, B, C three-mouth shrimp pond with rotten shell disease is selected.

Symptoms of shrimp enteritis: the intestinal tract has no food, bubbles exist in the intestinal tract, and the condition of overweight of blue pigment appears in partial areas, which is mostly accompanied by unclear liver protective film, atrophy of liver lobules, white liver and light color. The depth of the shrimp pool is 1-1.5 m, and the slope ratio is 1: 2.5. The area of each shrimp pool is 2 mu, and the number of shrimps in each shrimp pool is more than 10 million tails.

Wherein the A, B pool is a test pool, the compositions of the examples 3 and 6 are respectively and uniformly sprinkled into the A, B shrimp pool according to the dosage of 200g of water per mu-meter, and sprinkled at six o' clock in the afternoon every day for 5 days continuously. The compositions in the examples 3 and 6 are respectively and fully mixed with shrimp feed according to the proportion of 0.4 percent of the total weight of the feed to prepare medicinal baits, and the medicinal baits are respectively fed into A, B pools once a day and are continuously fed for 10 times.

The C pool is a control pool for regulating and controlling the water quality. Keeping the dissolved oxygen of the shrimp pond above 5 g/L, the pH value of 7-8.5 and the transparency of about 40 cm. The water was changed every 5 days, 1/3 each time. Quicklime water is sprinkled once every 5 days, and 5 kilograms of quicklime is used for each mu per meter.

Meanwhile, the isatis root powder and the shrimp feed are fully and uniformly mixed according to the proportion of 1 percent of the total weight of the feed, and the feed is fed once a day for 10 days continuously. The treatment results are shown in table 2.

The treatment results are shown in table 2:

table 2: comparative test for shrimp pond chemical dosing

And (4) test conclusion: after the test pool is applied to the test pool, the symptoms of the sick shrimps are improved, the death rate is effectively controlled, and the death rate is only 0.5%. Although the symptoms of the control pond disease shrimps are improved, the death rate still reaches 3 percent. In addition, the inventor respectively puts examples 1 and 2 into a D pool (rotten shell disease), respectively puts examples 4, 5, 7 and 8 into an E pool (rotten shell disease) and carries out a comparative test, and similar effects to the table above are obtained, wherein the effects of examples 4, 5, 7 and 8 are better. Subsequent observations in the D pond, the E pond and the control pond for one month show that the shrimp population in the D, E pond grows well, and particularly the E pond is better. Although the water body of the control pool is renewed and treated again, the water quality is better, but the rotten hull disease still occurs again.

Claims

1. The Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

2. The Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive according to claim 1, which is characterized by further comprising the following components in parts by weight: 12-15 parts of sweet wormwood, 3-5 parts of radix angelicae pubescentis, 2-4 parts of lithospermum and 1-2 parts of bacillus subtilis.

3. The Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the preferred mixture ratio of the components in the Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia disease-resistant additive is as follows: 28 parts of isatis root, 25 parts of rhubarb, 15 parts of astragalus, 12 parts of scutellaria, 15 parts of liquorice, 18 parts of coptis, 10 parts of garlic, 15 parts of radix ginseng, 12 parts of sweet wormwood, 4 parts of radix angelicae pubescentis, 3 parts of lithospermum and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis.

4. The Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the preferred mixture ratio of the components in the Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia disease-resistant additive is as follows: 28 parts of isatis root, 25 parts of rhubarb, 15 parts of astragalus, 12 parts of scutellaria, 15 parts of liquorice, 18 parts of coptis, 10 parts of garlic, 15 parts of radix ginseng, 13 parts of sweet wormwood, 4 parts of lithospermum, 5 parts of radix angelicae pubescentis and 1.5 parts of bacillus subtilis.

5. The Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive according to claim 3, wherein the addition ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia disease-resistant additive in the procambarus clarkia feed is 0.75-1.0%.

6. The Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia feed disease-resistant additive according to claim 4, wherein the addition ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine procambarus clarkia disease-resistant additive in the procambarus clarkia feed is 0.75-1.0%.