CN110734956B - 用于早期检测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估的生物标志物及其应用 - Google Patents
用于早期检测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估的生物标志物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供用于早期检测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估的标志物及其应用,属于分子诊断和分子生物学技术领域。本发明通过观察验证CSF中CBS、DAO和3‑MST的存在及其与SAH患者和大鼠炎症参数的相关性,从而证明CBS、DAO和3‑MST的表达水平与患者预后具有相关性,从而可将其作为早期检测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估的生物标志物,为aSAH的监测及预后评估提供新的方法,有助于改善对该类疾病的诊疗效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于分子诊断和分子生物学技术领域,具体涉及用于早期检测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估的生物标志物及其应用。
背景技术
公开该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解,而不必然被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已经成为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, aSAH)是一种严重危及生命的脑血管疾病,发病率和死亡率很高。近年来,aSAH后72 h内的急性损伤(早期脑损伤),被认为是导致预后不良的主要原因。其病理过程复杂,主要包括线粒体功能障碍、炎症、氧化级联、脑水肿、细胞死亡、血脑屏障的破坏,都与aSAH后早期脑损伤的发生有关。
白细胞介素-6(interleukin 6, IL-6)是一种常见的炎性细胞因子,aSAH后脑脊液(cerebrospinal fluid, CSF)中IL-6水平显著升高,导致明显的炎性反应进而严重影响中枢神经系统(central nervous system, CNS)。aSAH可引起患者发生脑血管痉挛,导致血清IL-6也显著升高,成为aSAH后并发症的非特异性标志物和临床预后随访的重要生物标志物。
H2S作为一种重要的神经调节物质,在神经元和胶质细胞中广泛表达,具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗凋亡作用,并在阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、唐氏综合征、脑缺血、亨廷顿舞蹈病等多种疾病中发挥作用。在大脑中,内源性H2S主要由胱硫醚β-合成酶(cystathionine β-synthase, CBS),d-氨基酸氧化酶(d-amino-acid oxidase, DAO),3-巯基甲酸硫转移酶(3-mercaptopyruvate sulfotransferase, 3-MST)以半胱氨酸为底物合成,也可联合半胱氨酸氨基转移酶(cysteine aminotransferase, CAT)合成。H2S含量的高低与CNS多种疾病相关。然而,关于aSAH患者和大鼠CSF中H2S生成酶的表达却鲜有报道。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供用于早期检测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估的标志物及其应用,本发明通过观察验证CBS、DAO和3-MST等H2S合成酶在aSAH患者脑脊液(CSF)和脑组织中过表达,且表达水平与预后不良呈正相关,因此可将其作为早期检测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估的生物标志物,具有良好的实际应用之价值。
为实现上述技术目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
本发明的第一个方面,提供一种用于早期检测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估的标志物,所述生物标志物包括H2S合成酶;
其中,所述H2S合成酶包括CBS、DAO和3-MST中的一种或多种。
所述生物标志物还包括IL-6。
上述生物标志物的表达量增高与动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重度及不良预后有关,具体表现为正相关。所述不良预后包括aSAH后早期脑损伤。
本发明的第二个方面,提供上述生物标志物的检测试剂在制备用于早期检测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估的产品中的应用。
其中,所述检测试剂包括基于免疫检测方法检测上述生物标志物的表达情况的试剂。
所述免疫检测方法包括但不限于Westernblot、ELISA、胶体金试纸条和蛋白质芯片。
所述产品包括检测试剂盒。
本发明的第三个方面,提供一种产品,所述产品包括检测受试者样品中H2S合成酶表达水平的试剂;
所述H2S合成酶包括但不限于CBS、DAO和3-MST中的一种或多种。
所述产品还包括检测受试者样品中IL-6表达水平的试剂。
所述产品具有如下用途:用于早期检测受试者动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估。
本发明的有益技术效果:本发明提供了用于早期检测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估的标志物及其应用,本发明通过观察验证CSF中CBS、DAO和3-MST的存在及其与SAH患者和大鼠炎症参数的相关性,从而证明CBS、DAO和3-MST的表达水平与患者预后具有相关性,从而可将其作为早期检测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估的生物标志物,为aSAH的监测及预后评估提供新的方法,有助于改善对该类疾病的诊疗效果。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。
图1为实施例1蛛网膜下腔出血后患者CSF中产H2S酶与IL-6表达及mRS之间的相关性;(A) Western blot显示SAH患者和对照组中CBS、DAO、3-MST和IL-6不同组间水平的定量结果。Value = mean ± SD,对照组N=9;SAH组N=18。*** p<0.001 SAH组VS对照组。(B)采用Pearson相关系数描述CBS、DAO、3-MST与IL-6的相关性。方框中的值代表R值。
图2为实施例1不同时间点大鼠顶叶皮层及海马中CBS、DAO、3-MST的表达水平。(A)Western blot检测CBS、DAO、3-MST在大鼠顶叶皮层中的表达。(B) Western blot检测CBS、DAO、3-MST在大鼠海马中的表达。Value = mean ± SD,N=3/组。*p< 0.05, **p< 0.01,***p< 0.001 SAH组VS对照组。数据使用单因素方差分析并用Dunnett校正。
图3为实施例1不同时间点大鼠顶叶皮层及海马中IL-6的表达水平。(A) Westernblot检测大鼠顶叶皮层中IL-6的表达。(B) Western blot检测大鼠海马中IL-6的表达。Value = mean ± SD,N=3/组。(C)采用Pearson相关系数分析顶叶皮层中CBS、DAO、3-MST与IL-6的相关性。(D)采用Pearson相关系数来分析海马中CBS、DAO、3-MST与IL-6的相关性。方框中的值代表R值。*p< 0.05, **p< 0.01。
图4为实施例1大鼠脑脊液中产H2S酶与IL-6的表达。 (A-B) Western blot检测大鼠CSF中CBS、DAO、3-MST和IL-6的表达。Value = mean ± SD,N=3/组。与Sham组比较,*p<0.05, **p< 0.01。(C)采用Pearson相关系数描述CBS、DAO、3-MST与IL-6的相关性。方框中的值代表R值。*p< 0.05, **p< 0.01。
具体实施方式
应该指出,以下详细说明都是例示性的,旨在对本发明提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。应理解,本发明的保护范围不局限于下述特定的具体实施方案;还应当理解,本发明实施例中使用的术语是为了描述特定的具体实施方案,而不是为了限制本发明的保护范围。
本发明中的部分术语解释和说明:
免疫检测方法:是以一种抗体或多种抗体作为分析试剂,对待测物进行定量或定性分析的检测方法。其基本原理是抗体和抗原之间的相互作用。为提高抗原和抗体检测的敏感性,将已知抗体或抗原标记上易显示的物质,通过检测标记物,反映有无抗原抗体反应,从而间接测出抗原或抗体。常用的标记物有酶、荧光素、放射性同位素、胶体金及电子致密物质等。
Western Blot即蛋白质印迹法(免疫印迹试验),其基本原理是通过特异性抗体对凝胶电泳处理过的细胞或生物组织样品进行着色。通过分析着色的位置和着色深度获得特定蛋白质在所分析的细胞或组织中表达情况的信息。现已广泛应用于基因在蛋白水平的表达研究、抗体活性检测和疾病早期诊断等多个方面。
酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)原理是将抗原或抗体与底物(酶)结合,使其保持免疫反应和酶的活性。把标记的抗原或抗体与包被于固相载体上的配体结合,再使之与相应的无色底物作用而显示颜色,根据显色深浅程度目测或用酶标仪测定OD值判定结果。
胶体金试纸条一般由样品垫、金标垫、层析膜、吸水垫四部分组成。层析材料有硝化纤维膜、聚酯膜、尼龙膜和PVDF膜等,根据试验需要可选择不同要求的膜,其中硝化纤维膜最为常用,使用前可根据试验具体情况确定是否需要活化或处理,多数情况下无需处理,即可直接使用。将金标蛋白溶液均匀喷涂在金标垫上,于室温下晾干备用。硝化纤维膜可捕获一定量的包被(抗体)和二抗作为检测线和质控线。最后将样品垫、金标垫、硝化纤维膜和吸水纸依次固定于PVC板,即成试纸条。
蛋白质芯片是一种高通量的蛋白功能分析技术,其原理是对固相载体进行特殊的化学处理,再将已知的蛋白分子产物固定其上(如酶、抗原、抗体、受体、配体、细胞因子等),根据这些生物分子的特性,捕获能与之特异性结合的待测蛋白(存在于血清、血浆、淋巴、间质液、尿液、渗出液、细胞溶解液、分泌液等),经洗涤、纯化,再进行确认和生化分析。其可用于蛋白质表达谱分析,研究蛋白质与蛋白质的相互作用,甚至DNA-蛋白质、RNA-蛋白质的相互作用,筛选药物作用的蛋白靶点等。
如前所述,早期脑损伤是导致动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血不良预后的重要因素,所以针对动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血早期病理生理变化的研究尤为重要,因此亟需可用于早期发现病人病情变化及评价可能预后的生物标志物。
有鉴于此,本发明的一个典型实施方式中,提供一种用于早期检测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估的标志物,所述生物标志物包括H2S合成酶;
其中,所述H2S合成酶包括CBS、DAO和3-MST中的一种或多种。
所述生物标志物还包括IL-6。
上述生物标志物的表达量增高与动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重度及不良预后有关,具体表现为正相关。所述不良预后包括aSAH后早期脑损伤。
本发明的第二个方面,提供上述生物标志物的检测试剂在制备用于早期检测动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估的产品中的应用。
其中,所述检测试剂包括基于免疫检测方法检测上述生物标志物的表达情况的试剂。
所述免疫检测方法包括但不限于Westernblot、ELISA、胶体金试纸条和蛋白质芯片。
所述产品包括检测试剂盒。
本发明的第三个方面,提供一种产品,所述产品包括检测受试者样品中H2S合成酶表达水平的试剂;
所述H2S合成酶包括但不限于CBS、DAO和3-MST中的一种或多种。
所述产品还包括检测受试者样品中IL-6表达水平的试剂。
所述产品具有如下用途:用于早期检测受试者动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血严重程度及预后评估。
所述产品为试剂盒。
其中,样品取自如下(1)-(3)中任意一种或多种:
(1)脑脊液;
(2)顶叶皮层;
(3)海马。
所述受试者可为哺乳动物,包括但不限于大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠、兔和人。
以下通过实施例对本发明做进一步解释说明,但不构成对本发明的限制。应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
患者CSF样本获取:本研究选取2016年2月至2018年1月期间泰安中心医院神经外科收治的颅内动脉瘤破裂后1天内的40例患者CSF标本。本研究方案经泰安中心医院伦理委员会批准(编号:2016-05-003)。患者行介入栓塞和动脉瘤开颅夹闭治疗。损伤严重程度参考GCS评分、Hunt-Hess分级。术后6个月采用mRS评分行电话随访评估预后。
纳入标准和排除标准:(1)年龄在40至70岁之间,(2)接受单纯介入栓塞治疗,(3)单一责任动脉瘤引发的SAH。排除标准:(1)接受开颅手术夹闭或介入栓塞治疗途中转为开颅治疗;(2)多个责任动脉瘤引起的SAH;(3)术中血管痉挛;(4)术后发生大面积脑梗死;(5)术后6个月内死亡。最终,共纳入18名患者。此外,在这项研究中我们提供了2例典型的临床病例资料进一步支持结论。
患者脑脊液的获取:动脉瘤栓塞术后第2天进行腰椎穿刺法获取CSF标本。所有患者均未发生腰椎穿刺导致的导管感染。CSF样品在4℃下以3000转离心10 min,在-80℃中冷冻。从9例脑瘤或正常压力脑积水患者中提取CSF作为对照组。
结果测量:在纳入患者手术后6个月参考mRS评分进行电话随访评估神经功能结果。18例入组患者分为2组:预后良好组(GR组; mRS:0-2分)和预后不良组(PR组;mRS: 3-5分)。采集样本得到泰安中心医院的伦理审查委员会批准。
实验动物:选取体重300-330 g的成年雄性SPF级SD大鼠用于本研究,实验动物购自济南朋悦动物繁育有限公司。饲养于山东大学动物中心SPF级动物饲养房,温度20 ± 2°C,以自然光/暗(≈12h-12h)循环。动物实验方案由山东大学动物护理与使用委员会根据国家卫生研究院动物护理与使用指南中概述的原则批准。研究动物模型的人员按照机构动物护理和使用委员会指南(IACUC)的规定接受了培训。
大鼠SAH模型:采用异氟醚吸入麻醉方式麻醉大鼠。异氟醚吸入剂量由R500通用小动物麻醉机(深圳市瑞沃德生命科技有限公司)控制。动物取仰卧位,标记颈前部长约2.0cm切口,逐层切开,分离出左侧颈总动脉、颈内动脉及颈外动脉,电凝细小分支血管,迷你动脉夹临时阻断颈外动脉,5-0尼龙丝线结扎并剪断,临时阻断颈总动脉及颈内动脉,颈外动脉远端切一小口,牵拉颈外动脉,使其尾侧与颈内动脉成一直线。用头端锐利的4-0可吸收缝线从小口处由颈外动脉穿入颈内动脉,直到术者感到有突破感,再向前推进约3 mm,穿破动脉血管壁,表示已穿破血管分叉处。Sham组的手术过程与SAH组相同,但不穿刺。所有动物术后自由获得食物和水并单独饲养。SAH的严重程度根据量表予以量化。量表以颅底基底池6支血管中蛛网膜下腔出血量为依据。0级:无蛛网膜下腔血; 1级:轻度蛛网膜下腔血; 二级:中度蛛网膜下腔血; 3级:重度蛛网膜下腔血,血栓覆盖了节段内所有动脉。将所有6支血管评分相加,总分18分。我们选择了中、重度的SAH模型(评分≥8分)。
实验分组:实验分为Sham组和SAH组。SAH组分为1 h、2 h、4 h、8 h、12 h、24 h、48h、72 h时间点,5只/组。
脑组织收集和蛋白质提取:在各时间点腹腔注射致死剂量10 %水合氯醛后处死动物。将整个大脑取出,立即将左侧顶叶皮层和海马分离并存储于-80°冰箱。将脑组织裂解后,置于4℃静置10 min,14000 × g/10 min离心。将上清液吸至新的EP管中。使用BCA蛋白检测试剂盒定量测定总蛋白浓度,并加入等量的12 %SDS-PAGE蛋白缓冲液。将蛋白质放置100℃的水煮10 min得到变性蛋白质。
9.动物CSF样品的提取和分析:通过分析患者CSF中CBS、DAO、3-MST含量的变化趋势,上述酶含量的变化在24 h最明显,所以选择24 h时的动物模型用于研究。用异氟醚麻醉动物,取枕部纵行切口,依次切开皮肤、皮下、肌肉组织。显露枕骨大孔区域,可见环枕筋膜。用事先准备好的尖头玻璃吸管刺破环枕筋膜,可见CSF通过虹吸作用进入吸管。术后采用颈椎脱位法处死动物。CSF立即在4°C下以3000转离心10 min,然后用Western blot检测。
统计分析:数据分析采用SPSS软件(版本22, IBM,纽约,美国)。数据以均数±标准差表示,采用t检验进行分析。p<0.05认为差异有统计学意义。用Pearson精确相关法评价产H2S酶与IL-6及mRS的相关性。
实验结果:
1.蛛网膜下腔出血后患者CSF中产H2S酶与IL-6表达及mRS之间的相关性
Western blot结果显示,对照组及患者CSF中可检测到CBS和DAO的表达,患者CSF中可检测到3-MST,而对照组未发现。与对照组相比,患者CSF中CBS, DAO和3-MST均显著升高(p<0.001, p<0.001,p<0.001图1A)。CBS (R = 0.972, p<0.01)、DAO (R = 0.491)、3-MST (R =0.707, p<0.01)、IL-6 (R =0.020)与mRS呈正相关关系。患者CSF中IL-6水平与对照组相比显著升高(p<0.001;图1A)。CBS (R = 0.750, p<0.01)、DAO (R = 0.659,p<0.01)、3-MST (R = 0.519, p<0.05)与IL-6呈正相关关系(图1B)。PR组CSF中CBS水平高于GR组(p<0.0001)。
2.不同时间点大鼠顶叶皮层及海马中CBS、DAO、3-MST的表达水平
大鼠SAH后顶叶皮层和海马区CBS的表达持续升高(1 h-48 h)。顶叶皮层的DAO表达在2 h开始下降,一直持续到48h,而海马的DAO水平自2 h后开始升高,一直持续到8h。在SAH后1h和2 h,顶叶皮层中3-MST的表达水平升高。在海马体,3-MST的表达在SAH后1 h后开始升高,一直持续到24h。
3.IL-6在大鼠顶叶皮层和海马不同时间点的表达水平
在顶叶皮层,IL-6的表达水平在8 h后开始升高,一直持续到72 h(图3A)。海马体中IL-6的表达水平在SAH后2 h开始增加,一直持续到72 h(图3 B)。在顶叶皮层中,CBS (R= 0.540, p<0.01)、DAO (R = -0.384, p<0.05)与IL-6的表达水平存在相关性(图3C)。在海马中,CBS (R = 0.633, p<0.01)、3-MST (R = 0.598, p<0.01)与IL-6呈显著正相关(图3D)。
4.大鼠脑脊液中产H2S酶与IL-6的表达
与Sham相比, SAH组CSF中CBS, DAO和3-MST的表达水平显著增加(p<0.01,p<0.01,p<0.05图4 A)。与Sham相比,SAH组中IL-6表达水平升高(p<0.05;图4 B)。CBS (R =0.853, p<0.05)、3-MST (R = 0.992, p<0.01)与IL-6呈正相关(图4C)。
应注意的是,以上实例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案而非对其进行限制。尽管参照所给出的实例对本发明进行了详细说明,但是本领域的普通技术人员可根据需要对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种生物标志物的检测试剂在制备用于动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血预后评估的产品中的应用;
所述生物标志物为胱硫醚β-合成酶。
2.如权利要求1所述应用,其特征在于,所述检测试剂包括基于免疫检测方法检测上述生物标志物的表达情况的试剂。
3.如权利要求2所述应用,其特征在于,所述免疫检测方法包括Westernblot、ELISA、胶体金试纸条和蛋白质芯片。
4.如权利要求3所述的应用,所述产品包括检测试剂盒。
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H2S对蛛网膜下腔出血后的保护作用和脑脊液炎症指标与预后关系的研究;王贞;《第十四届中国医师协会神经外科医师年会摘要集》;20190510;第2731-732页 * |
Neuroprotective Roles of L-Cysteine in Attenuating Early Brain Injury and Improving Synaptic Density via the CBS/H2S Pathway Following Subaranchnoid Hemorrhage in Rats;Li, Tong等;《FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY》;20170502;第8卷;第1-13页 * |
硫化氢对蛛网膜下腔出血后急性脑血管痉挛的影响及其作用机制;崔永华等;《中华神经医学杂志》;20161115;第15卷(第11期);第1124-1129页 * |
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