CN110713621A - 一种对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法 - Google Patents

一种对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法 Download PDF

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CN110713621A
CN110713621A CN201911009981.5A CN201911009981A CN110713621A CN 110713621 A CN110713621 A CN 110713621A CN 201911009981 A CN201911009981 A CN 201911009981A CN 110713621 A CN110713621 A CN 110713621A
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Abstract

本发明属于废漆回收技术领域，具体涉及一种对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法。该方法的步骤是向有机酸中加入废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆完全降解，惰性气体环境下再加入多元醇进行酯化反应，最后加入稀释剂、过滤即得成品。本发明通过化学降解和化学改性的过程，使废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆重新恢复至符合质量标准的丙烯酸聚氨酯漆，而不需要通过危废公司进行处理，避免产生二次废气污染，节约了废漆处理的成本。

Description

一种对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法
技术领域
本发明属于废漆回收技术领域，具体涉及一种对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法。
背景技术
丙烯酸聚氨酯漆是近几年发展迅速的一种涂料，其硬度、柔韧性能好，具有很好的耐候性能和光泽度保持性能，表干快，大约半小时左右就能表干，应用范围广，干燥性能好，可应用于煤气管道、油罐、车辆、机床、电机、船舶、桥梁、码头、煤气柜及各类化工设备支架、管道等，也适用于蒸汽热网管道以及使用温度在140℃条件下的钢结构作为防锈防腐。
但是在丙烯酸聚氨酯漆的喷涂、滚涂或喷涂作业过程中，总是有一部分漆成为废料，或者涂的漆剥落产生废漆，这些废漆大都已经干枯，虽然这些废料的成分与原漆近似，但是经过凝固后，性能发生了较大的变化，再生的难度较大。由于丙烯酸聚氨酯漆废料属于国家认定的危险固体废弃物，这些废弃物需要出资通过专业的危废公司进行处理，在处理过程要浪费大量资源，还会产生废气而污染空气，存在严重的环境风险，同时由于这些废料没有被回收利用也会带来资源的短缺，给企业带来经济负担。现今随着社会对固废的安全处理和再利用的重视，如何对废漆进行安全环保、成本低、资源利用最大化的回收利用是研发人员一直研究的方向。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法。
本发明所采用的技术方案为：
一种对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：1)将有机酸升温至177-183℃，加入废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆，升温至227-233℃，保温1-2h，使废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆完全降解；完全降解的判断方法为取样涂在玻璃板上无颗粒，均匀的液体为降解合格；
2)然后降温至197-203℃，加入多元醇进行酯化反应，同时加入二甲苯回流升温，通入惰性气体，升温至237-243℃然后保温1-2.5h，取样测酸价，酸价7-9mgKOH/g为反应终点；
3)随后反应物降温至147-153℃，加入稀释剂，降温至70-80℃过滤后即为成品。
进一步优选，所述有机酸、废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆、多元醇、二甲苯、稀释剂的用量比例为200-300∶300-400∶30-50∶5-10∶250-300。
进一步优选，所述有机酸为亚麻油酸、豆油脂肪酸、棉籽油脂肪酸或蓖麻油脂肪酸。
进一步优选，所述多元醇为乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、季戊四醇或丁二醇。
进一步优选，所述稀释剂为二甲苯、丁醇或三甲苯。
进一步优选，所述步骤2)加入多元醇进行酯化反应时，同时加入聚醚或聚酯，聚醚或聚酯与多元醇的质量比为2-5∶30-50。
所述步骤2)进行酯化反应时可以加入酯化催化剂缩短反应时间。
本发明的方法在操作时先使废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆完全酸化反应降解于一定温度的有机酸中，一定温度下继续加入多元醇控制条件进行酯化反应，同时聚醚或聚酯的加入可以改善回收漆的品质和性能，重新制得丙烯酸聚氨酯，最终加入稀释剂、过滤得到丙烯酸聚氨酯漆成品。
本发明通过化学降解和化学改性的过程，使废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆重新恢复至符合质量标准的丙烯酸聚氨酯漆，而不需要通过危废公司进行处理，避免产生二次废气污染，节约了废漆处理的成本；这些废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆经过处理后重新作为成品，变废为宝，这种回收处理过程的成本远低于直接生产的成本，因此降低了企业的生产成本。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例来说明本发明的具体实施方式，但以下实施例只是用来详细说明本发明，并不以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
实施例1：
一种对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将亚麻油酸200g升温至177℃，加入废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆400g，升温至227℃，保温2h，使废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆完全降解；完全降解的判断方法为取样涂在玻璃板上无颗粒，均匀的液体为降解合格；
2)然后降温至197℃，加入乙二醇30g、聚醚5g进行酯化反应，同时加入二甲苯5g回流升温，通入惰性气体(氮气)，升温至237℃然后保温2.5h，取样测酸价为7mgKOH/g为反应终点；
3)随后反应物降温至147℃，加入二甲苯300g，降温至70℃过滤后即为成品921g。
实施例2：
一种对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法，包括以下步骤：1)将豆油脂肪酸250g升温至180℃，加入废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆350g，升温至230℃，保温1-2h，使废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆完全降解；完全降解的判断方法为取样涂在玻璃板上无颗粒，均匀的液体为降解合格；
2)然后降温至200℃，加入季戊四醇40g、聚醚3g进行酯化反应，同时加入二甲苯8g回流升温，通入惰性气体，升温至240℃然后保温2h，取样测酸价为8mgKOH/g，反应结束；
3)随后反应物降温至150℃，加入丁醇280g，降温至75℃过滤后即为成品912g。
实施例3：
一种对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将蓖麻油脂肪酸300g升温至183℃，加入废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆300g，升温至233℃，保温1h，使废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆完全降解；完全降解的判断方法为取样涂在玻璃板上无颗粒，均匀的液体为降解合格；
2)然后降温至203℃，加入丙三醇50g、聚酯2g进行酯化反应，同时加入二甲苯10g回流升温，通入惰性气体，升温至243℃然后保温1h，取样测酸价，酸价9mgKOH/g为反应终点；
3)随后反应物降温至153℃，加入三甲苯250g，降温至80℃过滤后即为成品894g。
实施例4
一种对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将蓖麻油脂肪酸200g升温至177℃，加入废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆300g，升温至227℃，保温1h，使废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆完全降解；完全降解的判断方法为取样涂在玻璃板上无颗粒，均匀的液体为降解合格；
2)然后降温至197℃，加入丙三醇30g、聚酯2g进行酯化反应，同时加入二甲苯5g回流升温，通入惰性气体，升温至237℃然后保温1h，取样测酸价，酸价9mgKOH/g为反应终点；
3)随后反应物降温至147℃，加入三甲苯250g，降温至80℃过滤后即为成品771g。
按照行业标准对实施例1-4回收得到的成品丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行质量检测，各项检测指标如下表：
Figure BDA0002240751670000051
以下指标所采用的检测方法：
粘度：涂-4杯法；
硬度：摆杆阻尼硬度法；
附着力：划圈法；
柔韧性：GB/Y1731-1993。
由表中数据可以看出，采用本发明回收方法得到的丙烯酸聚氨酯漆外观平整光滑，粘度、干燥时间、固体含量、硬度、附着力、柔韧性和耐水性均符合丙烯酸聚氨酯漆的性能要求，可以作为成品直接使用，说明本发明的回收方法成功实现了废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆的回收，既避免了危险固体废弃物的排放，还降低了企业的生产成本，更重要的是降低了环境污染。
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案所做的其他修改或者等同替换，只要不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (6)

1.一种对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：1)将有机酸升温至177-183℃，加入废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆，升温至227-233℃，保温1-2h，使废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆完全降解；
2)然后降温至197-203℃，加入多元醇进行酯化反应，同时加入二甲苯回流升温，通入惰性气体，升温至237-243℃然后保温1-2.5h，取样测酸价，酸价7-9mgKOH/g为反应终点；
3)随后反应物降温至147-153℃，加入稀释剂，降温至70-80℃过滤后即为成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法，其特征在于：所述有机酸、废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆、多元醇、二甲苯、稀释剂的用量比例为200-300∶300-400∶30-50∶5-10∶250-300。
3.根据权利要求1所述的对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法，其特征在于：所述有机酸为亚麻油酸、豆油脂肪酸、棉籽油脂肪酸或蓖麻油脂肪酸。
4.根据权利要求1所述的对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法，其特征在于：所述多元醇为乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、季戊四醇或丁二醇。
5.根据权利要求1所述的对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法，其特征在于：所述稀释剂为二甲苯、丁醇或三甲苯。
6.根据权利要求1所述的对废丙烯酸聚氨酯漆进行回收的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2)加入多元醇进行酯化反应时，同时加入聚醚或聚酯，聚醚或聚酯与多元醇的质量比为2-5∶30-50。
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