CN110699837B - 一种羊毛针织物的静电消除加工方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种羊毛针织物的静电消除加工方法,将羊毛纱线置于抗静电溶液中浸泡后烘干进行前处理,经给纱、退圈、垫纱、弯纱、成圈、牵拉形成单路罗纹组织,以每1至N1‑1路以羊毛纱线编织,每N1路羊毛纱线垫入一根或两根导电纤维,每N1+1路以导电纤维编织,作为织造循环进行编织形成针织面料,单路罗纹组织为(N2‑1)+N2罗纹组织、N2+N2罗纹组织、或N2+(N2+2)罗纹组织,将针织面料在175~180℃下置于开幅机上开幅定型,随后织接呈羊毛针织物,整体尺寸稳定性好,不易脱散,表面平常光洁,不卷边,实现了羊毛针织物的静电消除,有效防止静电的局部积聚,以便避免静电灰尘吸附和人体贴附,提高穿着舒适性和安全性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种羊毛针织物的静电消除加工方法,属于毛针织物生产技术领域。
背景技术
羊毛针织物具有柔软、舒适、透气和保暖性特点被广大消费者所喜爱,羊毛面料一般采用一定羊毛含量的混纺纱线编织而成,在加工和使用过程中易由于摩擦和感应而产生静电现象,积聚的静电电荷容易吸附灰尘并造成针织物产品在佩戴穿着时贴附纠缠在肢体上,产生不适感,会引起人体血液pH上升,血液中的钙下降,血糖上升等,而较高的静电压会对人体产生电机,易引起电气元件损伤甚至起火和爆炸。现有技术中公开的对于针织物产品的静电消除方法一般是采用抗静电喷雾或进行抗静电溶液浸泡处理,但这种处理方法的效果不持久,当空气干燥,具有导电性的水分含量下降时,电流流动受阻就会产生静电释放,导致羊毛针织物静电难以满足需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的缺陷,提供一种羊毛针织物的静电消除加工方法。
本发明是通过如下的技术方案予以实现的:
一种羊毛针织物的静电消除加工方法,其方法如下:
(1)前处理:将羊毛纱线置于抗静电溶液中浸泡后烘干进行前处理;
所述羊毛纱线的羊毛质量百分比含量为20~80%,所述抗静电溶液由双氢化牛油基二甲基氯化铵、异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇醚磷酸酯、酚醚磷酸酯和水按质量比4:3:5:1:(100~130)组成,浸泡时间为20~30min,浸泡温度为40~50℃,烘干温度为100~120℃,烘干时间为40~80min。
(2)给纱:将羊毛纱线和导电纤维送至针织机械的成圈编织区域;
(3)退圈:针织机械被配置为分别具有若干上针和下针的针盘和针筒,上针和下针上升将旧线圈从针钩移至针杆,上针超前下针1~4针起针,;
(4)垫纱:下针先下降,将羊毛纱线或导电纤维垫入针钩并随下针下将,旧线圈向上关闭针口,随后下针垫入羊毛纱线或导电纤维,所述导电纤维由纳米炭黑、二氧化镁、聚苯胺、聚噻吩和反式1,4-环己二胺按质量比1:1:(15~18):20:10熔融混纺而成;
(5)弯纱:上针和下针的下降使针钩接触羊毛纱线或导电纤维逐渐弯纱,并随下降延续至线圈成形,弯纱时下针先勾住羊毛纱线或导电纤维,并搁在上针针舌处进行弯纱,形成加长线圈,然后下针回升分纱给上针,上针向针筒中心运动进行弯纱;
(6)成圈:上针和下针进一步下降使旧线圈从针头上脱下,形成新线圈;
(7)牵拉:将旧线圈和形成的新线圈拉向上针和下针背后牵拉脱离编织区域,并循环步骤(2)~步骤(6)形成单路罗纹组织,以每1至N1-1路以羊毛纱线编织,每N1路羊毛纱线垫入一根或两根导电纤维,每N1+1路以导电纤维编织,作为织造循环进行编织形成针织面料,N1为2~5的整数,单路罗纹组织为(N2-1)+N2罗纹组织、N2+N2罗纹组织、或N2+(N2+2)罗纹组织,N2为2或3;
(8)后整理:将针织面料在175~180℃下置于开幅机上开幅定型,随后织接呈羊毛针织物。
本发明的有益效果为:
(1)采用羊毛含量20~80%的羊毛纱线,以季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂、非离子型的异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚和阴离子型脂肪醇醚磷酸酯、酚醚磷酸酯配伍,具有高渗透性和乳化性,吸附于纤维表面使限位表面平滑,可改善抗静电摩擦性;
(2)采用羊毛纱线与聚苯胺、聚噻吩和纳米炭黑、二氧化镁和式1,4-环己二胺配伍的导电纤维混合编织,在每N1路羊毛纱线垫入一根或两根导电纤维,织造循环进行编织形成针织面料,其消除静电在电晕放电的同时,诱导电荷聚集在导电纤维周围,进而泄漏入大地,抗静电作用更持久;
(3)每单路罗纹组织为(N2-1)+N2罗纹组织、N2+N2罗纹组织、或N2+(N2+2)罗纹组织,并开幅定型整理,适应羊毛纱线和导电纤维弹性,使整体尺寸稳定性好,不易脱散,表面平常光洁,不卷边,从而在整体上实现羊毛针织物的静电消除,有效防止静电的局部积聚,以便避免静电灰尘吸附和人体贴附,提高穿着舒适性和安全性。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的编织图。
图2为实施例2的编织图。
图3为实施例3的编织图。
图中,羊毛纱线为a,导电纤维为b。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种羊毛针织物的静电消除加工方法,其方法如下:
(1)前处理:将羊毛纱线置于抗静电溶液中浸泡后烘干进行前处理;
所述羊毛纱线的羊毛质量百分比含量为40%,所述抗静电溶液由双氢化牛油基二甲基氯化铵、异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇醚磷酸酯、酚醚磷酸酯和水按质量比4:3:5:1:120组成,浸泡时间为25min,浸泡温度为45℃,烘干温度为110℃,烘干时间为50min。
(2)给纱:将羊毛纱线和导电纤维送至针织机械的成圈编织区域;
(3)退圈:针织机械被配置为分别具有若干上针和下针的针盘和针筒,上针和下针上升将旧线圈从针钩移至针杆,上针超前下针3针起针,;
(4)垫纱:下针先下降,将羊毛纱线或导电纤维垫入针钩并随下针下将,旧线圈向上关闭针口,随后下针垫入羊毛纱线或导电纤维,所述导电纤维由纳米炭黑、二氧化镁、聚苯胺、聚噻吩和反式1,4-环己二胺按质量比1:1:15:20:10熔融混纺而成;
(5)弯纱:上针和下针的下降使针钩接触羊毛纱线或导电纤维逐渐弯纱,并随下降延续至线圈成形,弯纱时下针先勾住羊毛纱线或导电纤维,并搁在上针针舌处进行弯纱,形成加长线圈,然后下针回升分纱给上针,上针向针筒中心运动进行弯纱;
(6)成圈:上针和下针进一步下降使旧线圈从针头上脱下,形成新线圈;
(7)牵拉:将旧线圈和形成的新线圈拉向上针和下针背后牵拉脱离编织区域,并循环步骤(2)~步骤(6)形成单路罗纹组织,参见图1,以每1至N1-1路以羊毛纱线编织,每N1路羊毛纱线垫入一根导电纤维,每N1+1路以导电纤维编织,作为织造循环进行编织形成针织面料,N1为3,单路罗纹组织为(N2-1)+N2罗纹组织、N2为2;
(8)后整理:将针织面料在178℃下置于开幅机上开幅定型,随后织接呈羊毛针织物。
实施例2
一种羊毛针织物的静电消除加工方法,其方法如下:
(1)前处理:将羊毛纱线置于抗静电溶液中浸泡后烘干进行前处理;
所述羊毛纱线的羊毛质量百分比含量为55%,所述抗静电溶液由双氢化牛油基二甲基氯化铵、异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇醚磷酸酯、酚醚磷酸酯和水按质量比4:3:5:1:112组成,浸泡时间为22min,浸泡温度为48℃,烘干温度为120℃,烘干时间为60min。
(2)给纱:将羊毛纱线和导电纤维送至针织机械的成圈编织区域;
(3)退圈:针织机械被配置为分别具有若干上针和下针的针盘和针筒,上针和下针上升将旧线圈从针钩移至针杆,上针超前下针2针起针,;
(4)垫纱:下针先下降,将羊毛纱线或导电纤维垫入针钩并随下针下将,旧线圈向上关闭针口,随后下针垫入羊毛纱线或导电纤维,所述导电纤维由纳米炭黑、二氧化镁、聚苯胺、聚噻吩和反式1,4-环己二胺按质量比1:1:17:20:10熔融混纺而成;
(5)弯纱:上针和下针的下降使针钩接触羊毛纱线或导电纤维逐渐弯纱,并随下降延续至线圈成形,弯纱时下针先勾住羊毛纱线或导电纤维,并搁在上针针舌处进行弯纱,形成加长线圈,然后下针回升分纱给上针,上针向针筒中心运动进行弯纱;
(6)成圈:上针和下针进一步下降使旧线圈从针头上脱下,形成新线圈;
(7)牵拉:将旧线圈和形成的新线圈拉向上针和下针背后牵拉脱离编织区域,并循环步骤(2)~步骤(6)形成单路罗纹组织,参见图2,以每1至N1-1路以羊毛纱线编织,每N1路羊毛纱线垫入两根导电纤维,每N1+1路以导电纤维编织,作为织造循环进行编织形成针织面料,N1为2,单路罗纹组织为N2+(N2+2)罗纹组织,N2为3;
(8)后整理:将针织面料在175~180℃下置于开幅机上开幅定型,随后织接呈羊毛针织物。
实施例3
一种羊毛针织物的静电消除加工方法,其方法如下:
(1)前处理:将羊毛纱线置于抗静电溶液中浸泡后烘干进行前处理;
所述羊毛纱线的羊毛质量百分比含量为23%,所述抗静电溶液由双氢化牛油基二甲基氯化铵、异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇醚磷酸酯、酚醚磷酸酯和水按质量比4:3:5:1:128组成,浸泡时间为28min,浸泡温度为43℃,烘干温度为116℃,烘干时间为45min。
(2)给纱:将羊毛纱线和导电纤维送至针织机械的成圈编织区域;
(3)退圈:针织机械被配置为分别具有若干上针和下针的针盘和针筒,上针和下针上升将旧线圈从针钩移至针杆,上针超前下针3针起针,;
(4)垫纱:下针先下降,将羊毛纱线或导电纤维垫入针钩并随下针下将,旧线圈向上关闭针口,随后下针垫入羊毛纱线或导电纤维,所述导电纤维由纳米炭黑、二氧化镁、聚苯胺、聚噻吩和反式1,4-环己二胺按质量比1:1:18:20:10熔融混纺而成;
(5)弯纱:上针和下针的下降使针钩接触羊毛纱线或导电纤维逐渐弯纱,并随下降延续至线圈成形,弯纱时下针先勾住羊毛纱线或导电纤维,并搁在上针针舌处进行弯纱,形成加长线圈,然后下针回升分纱给上针,上针向针筒中心运动进行弯纱;
(6)成圈:上针和下针进一步下降使旧线圈从针头上脱下,形成新线圈;
(7)牵拉:将旧线圈和形成的新线圈拉向上针和下针背后牵拉脱离编织区域,并循环步骤(2)~步骤(6)形成单路罗纹组织,参见图,3,以每1至N1-1路以羊毛纱线编织,每N1路羊毛纱线垫入两根导电纤维,每N1+1路以导电纤维编织,作为织造循环进行编织形成针织面料,N1为4,单路罗纹组织为N2+N2罗纹组织,N2为2;
(8)后整理:将针织面料在176℃下置于开幅机上开幅定型,随后织接呈羊毛针织物。
本发明中:
(1)双氢化牛油基二甲基氯化铵D1821购自于苏州源泰润化工有限公司,异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚ME5180购自于广州玥舜化工有限公司,脂肪醇醚磷酸酯MOA-3P、酚醚磷酸酯TXP-4购自于江苏省海安石油化工厂,采用羊毛含量20~80%的羊毛纱线,满足大部分羊毛织物织造和保暖需求,双氢化牛油基二甲基氯化铵是季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂,与非离子型的异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚和、阴离子型脂肪醇醚磷酸酯MOA-3P、酚醚磷酸酯TXP-4配伍,以便提高稳定性和分散能力,可在羊毛纱线表面具有优良的铺展能力和倾向性,以便提高渗透性和乳化性,可分散于水中,可吸附于纤维表面使限位表面平滑,较低的表面张力使线体干燥后不紧绷,仍能表现较好的弹性,改善抗静电摩擦性,方便织造和提高生产后羊毛针织物的抗静电性能、且与皮肤相容性好,无刺激。
(2)聚苯胺主链上含有交替的苯环和氮原子,聚噻吩具有跨键移动的π价电,分子中的共轭结构使π电子体系增大,电子离域性增强,可移动范围增大,当共轭结构达到足够大时,化合物即可提供自由电子,与纳米炭黑、二氧化镁和式1,4-环己二胺配伍具有优良的电化学活动性、环境稳定性和一定弹性,与羊毛纱线混合编织,使比电阻值持久不变并基本上不受湿度影响,人体穿着含导电纤维织物接触大地时,其消除静电的机理是在电晕放电的同时,诱导电荷聚集在导电纤维周围,进而泄漏入大地,抗静电作用更持久;
(3)采用上针较下针超前1~4针起针的方式,随下证退圈过程中,可起到组织羊毛针织物随下针上升而涌出针筒的作用,保证可靠退圈,避免产生织疵,同时也可减小针织物的牵拉张力。
(4)采用分纱式的弯纱操作,可减小弯纱张力,适应羊毛纱线或导电纤维的弹性,从而提高线圈成形的均匀性。
(5)单路螺纹组织呈1+2罗纹组织、2+2罗纹组织、2+4罗纹组织、2+3罗纹组织、3+3罗纹组织或3+5罗纹组织,即使在拉伸时,也不会显露反面线圈纵行,使整体尺寸稳定性好,不易脱散,表面平常光洁,不卷边,以便减小横纵向摩擦起电,适应羊毛纱线和导电纤维的成圈张力,方便织造并提高抗静电作用。
将实施例1-3制得的羊毛针织物与现有羊毛针织物作为对照例进行比较,按照GB-T23464-2009标准进行理化性能和防静电测试,其结果如下表:
由上表可知,按照本发明的加工方法生产的羊毛针织物在涨破、松弛等理化性能上表现优异,特别是每件带电电荷量明显减少,有效防止静电的局部积聚,以便避免静电灰尘吸附和人体贴附,提高穿着舒适性和安全性。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。因此,本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。
Claims (5)
1.一种羊毛针织物的静电消除加工方法,其特征在于,其方法如下:
(1)前处理:将羊毛纱线置于抗静电溶液中浸泡后烘干进行前处理,所述羊毛纱线的羊毛质量百分比含量为20~80%,所述抗静电溶液由双氢化牛油基二甲基氯化铵、异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇醚磷酸酯、酚醚磷酸酯和水按质量比4:3:5:1:(100~130)组成,步骤(1)中,浸泡时间为20~30min,浸泡温度为40~50℃,烘干温度为100~120℃,烘干时间为40~80min;
(2)给纱:将羊毛纱线和导电纤维送至针织机械的成圈编织区域;
(3)退圈:针织机械被配置为分别具有若干上针和下针的针盘和针筒,上针和下针上升将旧线圈从针钩移至针杆;
(4)垫纱:下针先下降,将羊毛纱线或导电纤维垫入针钩并随下针下将,旧线圈向上关闭针口,随后下针垫入羊毛纱线或导电纤维;
(5)弯纱:上针和下针的下降使针钩接触羊毛纱线或导电纤维逐渐弯纱,并随下降延续至线圈成形;
(6)成圈:上针和下针进一步下降使旧线圈从针头上脱下,形成新线圈;
(7)牵拉:将旧线圈和形成的新线圈拉向上针和下针背后牵拉脱离编织区域,并循环步骤(2)~步骤(6)形成单路罗纹组织,以每1至N1-1路以羊毛纱线编织,每N1路羊毛纱线垫入一根或两根导电纤维,每N1+1路以导电纤维编织,作为织造循环进行编织形成针织面料,N1为2~5的整数,单路罗纹组织为(N2-1)+N2罗纹组织、N2+N2罗纹组织、或N2+(N2+2)罗纹组织;
(8)后整理:将针织面料在175~180℃下置于开幅机上开幅定型,随后织接呈羊毛针织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种羊毛针织物的静电消除加工方法,其特征在于,所述导电纤维由纳米炭黑、二氧化镁、聚苯胺、聚噻吩和反式1,4-环己二胺按质量比1:1:(15~18):20:10熔融混纺而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种羊毛针织物的静电消除加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)上针超前下针1~4针起针。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种羊毛针织物的静电消除加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)弯纱时下针先勾住羊毛纱线或导电纤维,并搁在上针针舌处进行弯纱,形成加长线圈,然后下针回升分纱给上针,上针向针筒中心运动进行弯纱。
5.根据权利要求1的一种羊毛针织物的静电消除加工方法,其特征在于,N2为2或3。
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