CN1106919C - 木材基质的稳定化 - Google Patents
木材基质的稳定化 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1106919C CN1106919C CN99105965A CN99105965A CN1106919C CN 1106919 C CN1106919 C CN 1106919C CN 99105965 A CN99105965 A CN 99105965A CN 99105965 A CN99105965 A CN 99105965A CN 1106919 C CN1106919 C CN 1106919C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- carbon atom
- tetramethyl
- alkyl
- hydroxyls
- piperidines
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title description 3
- -1 amine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002891 organic anions Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 205
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 34
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
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- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 claims description 12
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
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- RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine Substances CC1(C)CCCC(C)(C)N1 RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940006460 bromide ion Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 135
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 41
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 29
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- RSOILICUEWXSLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) decanedioate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1 RSOILICUEWXSLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 10
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic acid Substances CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- UJRDRFZCRQNLJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-[3-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CCC(=O)OC)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1O UJRDRFZCRQNLJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 7
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HQWDILUMZXPFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyano-2-nitroacetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C(C#N)[N+]([O-])=O HQWDILUMZXPFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 6
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- ZJIPHXXDPROMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxyphosphanyl dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound OP(O)OP(O)O ZJIPHXXDPROMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 5
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- XQAABEDPVQWFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 3-[3-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1O XQAABEDPVQWFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- 125000003976 glyceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(O[H])([H])C(O[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol Chemical class CC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SXGXVOZDLWXVKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-dodecylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1CC(=O)NC1=O SXGXVOZDLWXVKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004172 4-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 description 2
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- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BOXSVZNGTQTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC.CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC BOXSVZNGTQTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
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- B27K3/153—Without in-situ polymerisation, condensation, or cross-linking reactions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
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Abstract
本发明涉及通过用渗透木材表面的着色剂或浸渍液处理来保护木材抗光诱导的降解的方法,所述着色剂或浸渍液含有a)至少一种有机溶剂和b)式I或II位阻胺化合物,其中G1和G2独立地是1-4个碳原子的烷基或者一起是五亚甲基,Z1和Z2各自是甲基,或者Z1和Z2一起形成连接部分,其可以另外被酯基,醚基,羟基氧代,氰醇,酰胺,氨基,羧基或脲基取代。E是烃氧基或羟基。X是无机或有机阴离子,其中阳离子总电荷数h等于阴离子的总电荷数j。
Description
本发明涉及用空间位阻的N-烃氧基或N-羟基胺稳定木材抗热和光损害的方法和涉及空间位阻的N-烃氧基或N-羟基胺用于木材稳定的用途。
暴露给强烈阳光的木材表面主要受阳光UV成分的损伤。该过程由于从阳光中吸收了红外照射而被热加强。木材的聚合物成分被降解,导致表面粗造和褪色。接着会由于微生物特别是真菌的侵染而进一步被损伤。
通常保护木材抗光的损害而不影响木材表面可见图象的方法是,用含有光稳定剂特别是UV吸收剂的无色清漆涂布木材。
向木材清漆中加入酚类抗氧化剂也是已知的。例如,美国专利说明书3285855公开了通过加入0.2%(重量)酚类抗氧化剂的以酸-固化脲/甲醛醇酸树脂为基础的家具清漆的颜色稳定作用。含有UV吸收剂,抗氧化剂和杀虫剂的木材保护涂料公开于例如JP-A-59/115805。
EP-A-0479075公开了用于木材着色剂的氮原子处被氢,烷基,烯丙基,羟基甲基,羟基乙基,乙酰基,苯甲酰基或苄基取代的空间位阻胺稳定剂。
现在发现空间位阻N-烃氧基或N-羟基胺如果应用于渗透木材的着色剂或浸渍液则具有显著的抗光诱导的降解的稳定活性。然后木材可以另外提供以表层涂料,表层涂料可以含有其它常规光稳定剂。
与现有技术相比本发明提供木材基质的优越耐候性。例如,可以对如此浸渍的木材不另外涂层或者只使用非常薄的涂层或透明涂层。由于审美学原因在很多情况下这是所期望的。
木材是复杂的主要含有纤维素,半纤维素和木质素的聚合材料。木质素本身是自conyferyl醇衍生的高分子量产物的复杂混合物。
特别地,当暴露给光化照射时木质素引起褪色并进行降解。因此本发明的目的是防止木材木质素部分的光化学降解。另外,防止木质素破坏可以去除真菌的营养,因而减少或防止真菌侵害。因此在某些情况下可以减少杀生物剂的量或者基本上不使用杀生物剂。
因此,本发明涉及通过用渗透木材表面的着色剂或浸渍液处理来保护木材抗光诱导的降解的方法,所述着色剂或浸渍液含有a)至少一种有机溶剂和b)式I或II位阻胺化合物其中G1和G2独立地是1-4个碳原子的烷基或者一起是五亚甲基,Z1和Z2各自是甲基,或者Z1和Z2一起形成连接部分,其可以另外被酯基,醚基,羟基,氧代,氰醇,酰胺,氨基,羧基或脲基取代。E是烃氧基或羟基。X是无机或有机阴离子,其中阳离子总电荷数h等于阴离子的总电荷数j。
优选的是其中组分(b)化合物中,E是烃氧基或羟基;和Z1和Z2各自是甲基或者一起是含有1-200个碳原子和0-60个选自氧原子和氮原子的杂原子的烃连接部分的方法。
X的例子包括X是磷酸根,碳酸根,碳酸氢根,硝酸根,氯离子,溴离子,亚硫酸氢根,亚硫酸根,硫酸氢根,硫酸根,硼酸根,羧酸根,烷基磺酸根或芳基磺酸根,或膦酸根等,例如二亚乙基三胺五亚甲基膦酸根。X作为羧酸根特别是一元,二元,三元或四元羧酸的羧酸根,主要是1-18个碳原子的羧酸根,例如甲酸根,乙酸根,苯甲酸根,柠檬酸根,草酸根,酒石酸根,丙烯酸根,聚丙烯酸根,富马酸根,马来酸根,衣康酸根,甘醇酸根,葡糖酸根,苹果酸根,扁桃酸根,惕各酸根,抗坏血酸根,聚甲基丙烯酸根或次氮基三乙酸羟基乙基亚乙基二胺三乙酸乙二胺四乙酸或二亚乙基三胺五乙酸的羧酸根。
优选的还有其中组分(b)化合物中,X是磷酸根,碳酸根,碳酸氢根,硝酸根,氯离子,溴离子,亚硫酸氢根,亚硫酸根,硫酸氢根,硫酸根,硼酸根,羧酸根,烷基磺酸根或芳基磺酸根,或膦酸根的方法。
更优选地,X是氯离子,亚硫酸氢根,硫酸氢根,硫酸根,磷酸根,硝酸根,抗坏血酸根,乙酸根,柠檬酸根或乙二胺四乙酸的羧酸根或二亚乙基三胺五乙酸的羧酸根;最特别地其中X是硫酸氢根或柠檬酸根。
h和j优选为1-5范围。
优选地,作为连接部分的Z1和Z2是与式I和式工I中其他结构一起形成饱和的5-或6-元杂环的2或3个碳原子或者1或2个碳原子和氮原子或氧原子的链,其可以如上所述被取代。Z1和Z2自身中的取代基可以含有位阻胺部分。优选的是含有1-4,特别是1或2位阻胺或有位阻铵部分的式I或II化合物。优选地,作为连接部分的Z1和Z2是含有1-200,特别是1-60个碳原子和0-60,特别是0-30个选自氧原子和氮原子的杂原子的烃。
指定为芳基的所有基团主要指C6-C12芳基,优选苯基或萘基,特别是苯基。
本发明组分(b)化合物可以是纯的化合物或者化合物的混合物。
在给定的定义中指定为烷基的基团主要指C1-C18-烷基,例如甲基,乙基,丙基,例如正-或异丙基,丁基,例如正-,异-,仲-和叔-丁基,戊基,己基,庚基,辛基,壬基,癸基,十一烷基,十二烷基,十三烷基,十四烷基,十五烷基,十六烷基,十七烷基或十八烷基。
在给定的定义中指定为亚烷基的基团是例如亚甲基,1,2-亚乙基,1,1-亚乙基,1,3-亚丙基,1,2-亚丙基,1,1-亚丙基,2,2-亚丙基,1,4-亚丁基,1,3-亚丁基,1,2-亚丁基,1,1-亚丁基,2,2-亚丁基,2,3-亚丁基或者-C5H10-,-C6H12-,C7H14,-C8H16-,-C9H18-,-C10H20-,-C11H22-,-C12H24-,-C13H26-,-C14H28-,-C15H30-,-C16H32-,-C17H34-,-C18H36-.
指定为环烷基或环烷氧基的基团主要是C5-C12环烷基或C5-C12环烷氧基,环烷基部分是例如环戊基,环己基,环庚基,环辛基,环壬基,环癸基,环十一烷基或环十二烷基,环烯基主要是C5-C12环烯基,包括环戊烯基,环己烯基,环庚烯基,环辛烯基,环壬烯基,环癸烯基,环十一烯基或环十二烯基。
芳烷基或芳烷氧基优选是苯基烷基或苯基烷氧基,其是苯基取代的烷基或烷氧基。给定定义中的苯基烷基或苯基烷氧基的例子是苄基,苄基氧基,α-甲基苄基,α-甲基苄基氧基,枯基,枯氧基。
残基链烯基主要是2-18个碳原子链烯基,最优选烯丙基。
残基炔烃基主要是2-12个碳原子的炔烃基,优选炔丙基。
指定为酰基的基团主要是R(C=O)-,其中R是脂肪族或芳香族部分。
象上文或其他定义中所指出的脂肪族或芳香族部分主要是脂肪族或芳香族C1-C30烃;例子是芳基,烷基,环烷基,链烯基,环烯基,双环烷基,双环烯基,和这些基团的组合。
酰基的例子是2-12个碳原子的链烷基,3-12个碳原子的链烯酰基,苯甲酰基。
链烷酰基包括例如甲酰基,乙酰基,丙酰基,丁酰基,戊酰基,辛酰基;优选的是G2-C8链烷酰基,特别是乙酰基。
残基链烯酰基最优选是丙烯酰基或甲基丙烯酰基。
不同取代基中的烷基可以是直链或支链的。
1-6个碳原子的烷基的例子是甲基,乙基,丙基和其异构体,丁基及其异构体,戊基及其异构体和己基及其异构体。
具有2-4个碳原子的链烯基的例子是乙烯基,丙烯基,丁烯基。
插入一或两个氧原子的1-4个碳原子的烷基的例子是
-CH2-O-CH3,-CH2-CH2-O-CH3,-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH3,-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-O-CH3or-CH2-O-CH2-O-CH3.
具有2-6个碳原子的羟基取代的烷基的例子是羟基乙基,二羟基乙基,羟基丙基,二羟基丙基,羟基丁基,羟基戊基或羟基己基。
优选的组合物含有组分(b)化合物,其中E是烃氧基或羟基和X是氯离子,硫酸氢根,硫酸限,甲酸根,乙酸根,苯甲酸根,草酸限,柠檬酸根,乙二胺四乙酸的羧酸根或二亚乙基三胺五乙酸的羧酸根或聚丙烯酸的羧酸限。
更优选的是其中组分(b)化合物中E是烃氧基或羟基且X-是柠檬酸酸根的组合物。
优选地组分(b)化合物选自式A至EE和A*至EE*和III至IIIc化合物 其中E是烃氧基或羟基,R是氢或甲基,在式A和A*中,n是1或2,当n是1时,R1是氢,1-18个碳原子的烷基,2-18个碳原子的链烯基,炔丙基,缩水甘油基,插入1-20个氧原子的2-50个碳原子的烷基,被1-10个羟基取代或者既插入所述氧原子又被所述羟基取代的所述烷基,或者R1是被羧基或者被-COOZ取代的1-4个碳原子的烷基,其中Z是氢,1-4个碳原子的烷基或苯基,或者其中Z是所述被(COO-)nMnn+取代的烷基,其中n是1-3,和M是选自元素周期表第1,第2或第3族的金属离子或者是Zn,Cu,Ni或Co,或者M是基团Nn+(R2)4,其中R2是1-8个碳原子的烷基或苄基,当n是2时,R1是1-12个碳原子的亚烷基,4-12个碳原子的亚烯基,亚二甲苯基或者插入1-20个氧原子的,被1-10个羟基取代的或者既插入所述氧原子又被所述羟基取代的1-50个碳原子的亚烷基,在式B和B*中,m是1-4,当m是1时,R2是1-18个碳原子的烷基,插入-COO-的3-18个碳原子的烷基,被COOH或COO-取代的3-18个碳原子的烷基,或者R2是-CH2(OCH2CH2)nOCH3,其中n是1-12,或者R2是5-12个碳原子的环烷基,6-12个碳原子的芳基,或者所述芳基被一至四个含1-4个碳原子的烷基取代,或者R2是-NHR3,其中R3是1-18个碳原子的烷基,5-12个碳原子的环烷基,6-12个碳原子的芳基,或者被一至四个含1-4个碳原子的烷基取代的所述芳基,或者R2是-N(R3)2,其中R3如上定义,当m是2时,R2是1-12个碳原子的亚烷基,4-12个碳原子的亚链烯基,亚二甲苯基,插入-COO-的2-12个碳原子的亚烷基,被COOH或COO-取代的3-18个碳原子的亚烷基,或者R2是-CH2(OCH2CH2)nOCH2-,其中n是1-12,或者R2是5-12个碳原子的亚环烷基,7-15个碳原子的亚芳基烷基,或者6-12个碳原子的亚芳基,或者R2是NHR4NH-,其中R4是2-18个碳原子的亚烷基,5-12个碳原子的亚环烷基,8-15个碳原子的亚芳基烷基,或者6-12个碳原子的亚芳基,或者R2是N(R3)R4N(R3)-,其中R3和R4如上定义,或者R2是-CO-或-NH-CO-NH-,当m是3时,R2是3-8个碳原子的链烷三基或苯三基,或者当m是4时,R2是5-8个碳原子的链烷四基或苯四基,在式C和C*中,R10是氢,1-18个碳原子的烷基,5-12个碳原子的环烷基,7-15个碳原子的芳烷基,2-18个碳原子的链烷酰基,3-5个碳原子的链烯酰基或苯甲酰基,x是1或2,当x是1时,R11是氢,1-18个碳原子的烷基,2-18个碳原子的链烯基,炔丙基,缩水甘油基,插入1-20个氧原子的2-50个碳原子的烷基,被1-10个羟基取代或者既插入所述氧原子又被所述羟基取代的所述烷基,或者R11是被羧基或者被-COOZ取代的1-4个碳原子的烷基,其中Z是氢,1-4个碳原子的烷基或苯基,或者其中Z是所述被(COO-)nMn+取代的烷基,其中n是1-3,和M是选自元素周期表第1,第2或第3族的金属离子或者是Zn,Cu,Ni或Co,或者M是基团Nn+(R2)4,其中R2是氢,1-8个碳原子的烷基或苄基,当x是2时,R11是1-12个碳原子的亚烷基,4-12个碳原子的亚链烯基,亚二甲苯基或者插入1-20个氧原子的,被1-10个羟基取代的或者既插入所述氧原子又被所述羟基取代的1-50个碳原子的亚烷基,在式D和D*中,R10如上定义,y是1-4,和R12如上文R2的定义,在式E和E*中,k是1或2,当k是1时,R20和R21独立地是1-12个碳原子的烷基,2-12个碳原子的链烯基或7-15个碳原子的芳烷基,或者R20也可以是氢,或者R20和R21一起是2-8个碳原子的亚烷基或者被羟基取代的所述亚烷基,或者是4-22个碳原子的乙酰氧基-亚烷基,或者当k是2时,R20和R21一起是(-CH2)2C(CH2-)2,在式F和F*中,R30是氢,1-18个碳原子的烷基,苄基,缩水甘油基,或者2-6个碳原子的烷氧基烷基,g是1或2,当g是1时,R31是如上述当n是1时R1的定义,当g是2时,R31是如上述当n是2时R1的定义,在式G和G*中,Q1是-NR41-或-O-,E1是1-3个碳原子的亚烷基,或者E1是-CH2-CH(R42)-O-,其中R42是氢,甲基或苯基,或者E1是(CH2)3-NH-或者E1是一个直接的键,R40是氢或1-18个碳原子的烷基,R41是氢,1-18个碳原子的烷基,5-12个碳原子的环烷基,7-15个碳原子的芳烷基,6-10个碳原子的芳基,或者R41是-CH2-CH(R42)-OH,其中R42如上定义,在式H和H*中,p是1或2,T4是如当x是1或2时R11的定义,M和Y独立地是亚甲基或羰基,优选M是亚甲基和Y是羰基,在式I和I*中,该结构式指聚合物重复结构单元,其中T1是亚乙基或1,2-亚丙基或者是从α-烯烃共聚物与丙烯酸烷基酯或甲基丙烯酸烷基酯衍生的重复结构单元,并且其中q是2-100,Q1是-N(R41)-或-O-,其中R41如上定义,在式J和J*中,r是1或2,T7和在式A中当n是1或2时对R1的定义一样,在式L和L*中,u是1或2,T13和在式A中当n是1或2时对R1的定义一样,前提是当u是1时T13不是氢,在式M和N*中,E1和E2是不同的,各自是-CO-或-N(E5)-,其中E5是氢,1-12个碳原子的烷基或4-22个碳原子的烷氧羰基烷基,E3是氢,1-30个碳原子的烷基,苯基,萘基,被氯或者被1-4个碳原子的烷基取代的所述苯基或所述萘基,或者7-12个碳原子的苯基烷基,或者被1-4个碳原子的烷基取代的所述苯基烷基,E4是氢,1-30个碳原子的烷基,苯基,萘基,或者7-12个碳原子的苯基烷基,E3和E4一起是4-17个碳羰原子的多亚甲基,或者被一个至四个含1-4个碳原子烷基优选甲基取代的所述多亚甲基,在式N和N*中,R1和当n是1时对于式A中R1的定义一样,G3是一个直接的键,1-12个碳原子的亚烷基,亚苯基或-NH-G1-NH-,其中G1是1-12个碳原子的亚烷基,在式O和O*中,R10和对于式C中R10的定义一样,在式P和P*中,E6是脂肪族或芳香族四价基团,优选新戊烷四基或者苯四基,在式T和T*中,R51是氢,1-18个碳原子的烷基,5-12个碳原子的环烷基,或6-10个碳原子的芳基,R52是氢或1-18个碳原子的烷基,或者R51和R52一起是4-8个碳原子的亚烷基,f是1或2,当f是1时,R50和式C中当x是1时对R11的定义一样,或者R50是-(CH2)zCOOR54,其中z是1-4和R54是氢或1-18个碳原子的烷基,或者R54是选自元素周期表第一,第二或第三族的金属离子或者基团-N(R55)4,其中R55是氢,1-12碳原子烷基或苄基,当f是2时,R50和式C中当x是2时对R11的定义一样,在式U和U*中,R53,R54,R55和R56独立地是1-4个碳原子烷基或者一起是五亚甲基。在式V和V*中,R57,R58,R59和R60独立地是1-4个碳原子烷基或者一起是五亚甲基。在式W和W*中,R61,R62,R63和R64独立地是1-4个碳原子烷基或者一起是五亚甲基,R65是1-5个碳原子的烷基,M是氢或氧,其中在式X至CC和X*至CC*中,n是2-3,G1是氢,甲基,乙基,丁基或苄基,m是1-4,x是1-4,当x是1时,R1和R2独立地是1-18个碳原子的烷基,插入1-5个氧原子的所述烷基,被1-5个羟基取代的所述烷基或者既插入所述氧原子又被所述羟基取代的所述烷基;5-12个碳原子环烷基,7-15个碳原子芳烷基,6-10个碳原子的芳基或者被一至三个1-8个碳原子的烷基取代的所述芳基,或者R1还可以是氢,或者R1和R2一起是四甲基,五亚甲基,六亚甲基或者3-氧杂五亚甲基,当x是2时,R1是氢,1-8个碳原子的烷基,插入1或2个氧原子的所述烷基,被羟基取代的所述烷基,或者既插入1或2个氧原子又被羟基取代的所述烷基,R2是2-18个碳原子的亚烷基,插入1-5个氧原子的所述亚烷基,被1-5个羟基取代的所述亚烷基或者既插入所述氧原子又被所述羟基取代的所述亚烷基;邻-,间-或对-亚苯基或者被一个或两个含1-4个碳原子的烷基取代的所述亚苯基,或者R2是-(CH2)kO[(CH2)kO]h(CH2)k-,其中k是2-4和h是1-40,或者R1和R2与它们所连接的两个N原子一起是哌嗪-1,4-二基,当x是3时,R1是氢,R2是插入一个氮原子的4-8个碳原子的亚烷基,当x是4时,R1是氢,R2是插入两个氮原子的6-12个碳原子的亚烷基,R3是氢,1-8个碳原子的烷基,插入1或2个氧原子的所述烷基,被羟基取代的所述烷基,或者既插入1或2个氧原子又被羟基取代的所述烷基,p是2或3时,Q是碱金属盐,铵或N+(G1)4,以及在式DD和DD*中,m是2或3,当m是2时,G是-(CH2CHR-O)rCH2CHR-,其中r是0-3,R是氢或甲基,和当m是3时,G是甘油基,在式EE和EE*中,G2是-CN,-CONH2或-COOG3,其中G3是氢,1-18个碳原子的烷基或苯基,X是有机或无机阴离子,其中阳离子h总电荷等于阴离子j总电荷;和其中在式III至IIIc中A11是OR101或NR111R112,R101是2-4个碳原子的链烯基,炔丙基,缩水甘油基,插入1或2个氧原子的,被1-3个羟基取代的或者既插入所述氧原子又被所述羟基取代的2-6个碳原子的烷基,或者R101是被羧基或者被其碱金属盐,铵取代的1-4个碳原子的烷基或其C1-C4烷基铵盐;或者R101是被-COOE10取代的烷基,其中E10是甲基或乙基,R102是插入-COO-或-CO的3-5个碳原子的烷基,或者R102是-CH2(OCH2CH2)cOCH3,其中c是1-4;或者R102是-NHR103,其中R103是1-4个碳原子的烷基,a是2-4,当a是2时,T11是-(CH2CHR100-O)dCH2CHR100-,其中d是0或1,和R100是氢或甲基,当a是3时,T11是甘油基,当a是4时,T11是新戊烷四基,b是2或3,当b是2时,G11是-(CH2CHR100-O)eCH2CHR100-,其中e是0-3,和R100是氢或甲基,和当b是3时,G11是甘油基;R111是氢,1-4个碳原子的烷基,或者被一个或两个羟基取代,插入一个或两个氧原子,或者既被一个羟基取代又插入一个或两个氧原子的所述烷基R112是-CO-R113,其中R113和R111具有相同的定义,或者R113是-NHR114,其中R114是1-4个碳原子的烷基,或者被一个或两个羟基取代,被1-2个碳原子的烷氧基取代,或者即被一个羟基取代又被一个1-2个碳原子的烷氧基取代的所述烷基,或者R111和R112一起是-CO-CH2CH2-CO-,-CO-CH=CH-CO-或-(CH2)6-CO-;前提是,当R113是1-4个碳原子的烷基时,R111不是氢。更优选地,组分(b)化合物选自式A,A*,B,B*,C,C*,D,D*,Q,Q*,R,R*,S或S*,X,X*,Y,Y*,Z和Z*的化合物,其中E是烃氧基或羟基,R是氢,在式A和A*中,n是1或2,当n是1时,R1是氢,1-6个碳原子的烷基,2-6个碳原子的链烯基,炔丙基,缩水甘油基,插入1-10个氧原子的2-20个碳原子的烷基,被1-5个羟基取代或者既插入所述氧原子又被所述羟基取代的所述烷基,或者R1是被羧基或者被-COOZ取代的1-4个碳原子的烷基,其中Z是氢或1-4个碳原子的烷基,当n是2时,R1是1-8个碳原子的亚烷基,4-8个碳原子的亚烯基,插入1-10个氧原子,被1-5个羟基取代的或者既插入所述氧原子又被所述羟基取代的1-20个碳原子的亚烷基,在式B和B*中,m是1或2,当m是1时,R2是1-4个碳原子的烷基,或者R2是-CH2(OCH2CH2)nOCH3,其中n是1-12,或者R2是苯基,或者被1-3个甲基取代的所述苯基,R2是-NHR3,其中R3是1-4个碳原子的烷基,或者苯基,或者被1-2个甲基取代的所述苯基,当m是2时,R是1-8个碳原子的亚烷基,4-8个碳原子的亚链烯基,或者R2是-CH2(OCH2CH2)nOCH2-,其中n是1-12,R2是NHR4NH-,其中R4是2-6个碳原子,8-15个碳原子的亚芳基烷基,或者6-12个碳原子的亚芳基,或者R2是-CO-或-NH-CONH-,在式C和C*中,R10是氢,1-3个碳原子的链烷酰基,x是1或2,当x是1时,R11是氢,1-6个碳原子的烷基或缩水甘油基,或者R11是被羧基或者被-COOZ取代的1-4个碳原子的烷基,其中Z是氢或1-4个碳原子的烷基,当x是2时,R11是1-6个碳原子的亚烷基,在式D和D*中,R10是氢,y是1或2,R12如上文R2的定义,在式Y,Y*,Z和Z*中,X是1或2,当x是1时,R1和R2独立地是1-4个碳原子的烷基,或者R1和R2一起是四亚甲基,或五亚甲基,R2是氢或1-4个碳原子的烷基,被羟基取代的所述烷基,当x是2时,R1是氢,1-4个碳原子的烷基,被羟基取代的所述烷基,R2是2-6个碳原子的亚烷基,R3如上定义。更优选地,组分(b)化合物选自式A,A*,B,B*,C,C*,D,Q,Q*,R和R*的化合物,其中E是烃氧基或羟基,·R是氢,在式A和A*中,h是1R1是氢,1-4个碳原子的烷基,缩水甘油基插入1或2个氧原子的2-4个碳原子的烷基,被1或2个羟基取代或者既插入所述氧原子又被所述羟基取代的所述烷基,或者R1是被-COOZ取代的1-4个碳原子的烷基,其中Z是氢或1-4个碳原子的烷基,在式B和B*中,m是1或2,R2是1-4个碳原子的烷基,或者R2是-CH2(OCH2CH2)nOCH3,其中n是1-4,当m是2时,R是1-8个碳原子的亚烷基,在式C和C*中,R10是氢,或1或2个碳原子的链烷酰基,x是1或2,当x是1时,R11是氢,1-4个碳原子的烷基或缩水甘油基,或者R11是被-COOZ取代的1-4个碳原子的烷基,其中Z是氢或1-4个碳原子的烷基,当x是2时,R11是1-6个碳原子的亚烷基,在式D和D*中,R10是氢,y是1或2,R12如上文R2的定义,更特别地,位阻胺化合物是(a)癸二酸双(1-氧基-2,2-6-6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)酯;(b)癸二酸双(1-羟基-2,2-6-6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)酯;
(c)柠檬酸1-羟基-2,2-6-6-四甲基-4-乙酰氧基哌啶鎓;
(d)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶;
(e)1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶;
(f)硫酸氢1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶鎓;
(g)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶;
(h)1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶;
(i)乙酸1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶鎓;
(j)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-甲氧基-哌啶;
(k)1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-甲氧基-哌啶;
(l)乙酸1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-甲氧基哌啶鎓;
(m)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氧基哌啶;
(n)1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氧基哌啶;
(o)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-丙氧基-哌啶;
(p)乙酸1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-丙氧基-哌啶鎓;
(q)1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-丙氧基-哌啶;
(r)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-(2-羟基-4-氧杂戊氧基)哌啶;
(s)乙酸1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-(2-羟基-4-氧杂戊氧基)哌啶鎓;
(t)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶;
(u)1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶;
(v)氯化1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓;
(w)乙酸1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓;
(x)硫酸氢1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓;
(y)柠檬酸1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓;
(z)柠檬酸双(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(aa)柠檬酸三(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(bb)乙二胺四乙酸四(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(cc)乙二胺四乙酸四(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶鎓);
(dd)乙二胺四乙酸四(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶鎓);
(ee)二亚乙基三胺五乙酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(ff)二亚乙基三胺五乙酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶鎓);
(gg)二亚乙基三胺五乙酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶鎓);
(hh)次氮基三乙酸三(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(ii)次氮基三乙酸三(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶鎓);
(jj)次氮基三乙酸三(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶鎓);
(kk)二亚乙基三胺安五亚甲基膦酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(ll)二亚乙基三胺五亚甲基膦酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶鎓);
(mm)二亚乙基三胺五亚甲基膦酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶鎓)。最特别地,位阻胺化合物是
(a)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶;
(b)1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶;
(c)氯化1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓;
(d)乙酸1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓;
(e)硫酸氢1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓;
(f)柠檬酸1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓;
(g)柠檬酸二(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(h)柠檬酸三(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(i)乙二胺四乙酸四(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(j)乙二胺四乙酸四(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氯基哌啶鎓);
(k)乙二胺安四乙酸四(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶鎓);
(1)二亚乙基三胺五乙酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(m)二亚乙基三胺五乙酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶鎓);
(n)二亚乙基三胺五乙酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶鎓)。
优选的是其中着色剂或浸渍液另外含有聚合物粘合剂材料的方法。
位阻胺化合物b)优选以0.1-10%的量存在,更优选0.2-5%,最优选0.2-2%(重量),以组分a)(溶剂)和c)(粘合剂)的重量为基础。
位阻胺化合物是已知的,并且是部分市售的或可用化学标准方法制备。J.Polym Sci.Polym.Chem.Ed.,22,277-281(1984)和US4831134中给出了实施例。容易从相应的胺母体和合适的酸制备盐。
需要用来制备本发明化合物的中间体可以大量商购。
优选的溶剂选自脂肪烃,脂环烃,芳香烃,醇,醚,酯,酮,二元醇,乙二醇醚,乙二醇酯,聚乙二醇或其混合物。
着色剂或浸渍液应该透入木材的表面,因此应该是相对低的粘度。在最简单的例子中,浸渍液是位阻胺在有机溶剂中的溶液。用于本发明目的的有用的溶剂的例子是脂族烃如特殊的石油馏分。适合的溶剂还有芳香烃,例如甲苯或二甲苯;醇类例如甲醇,乙醇,异丙醇或丁醇;酯类例如乙酸乙酯或乙酸丁酯;或者酮类例如丙酮,甲基乙基酮或甲基异丁基酮。这些溶剂在室温下挥发,因此不保留在木材中。但是也能加入保留在木材中的高沸点液体例如高级链烷醇,二元醇,乙二醇醚,乙二醇酯或聚乙二醇。着色剂或浸渍液还可以含有常规用于木材保护涂料的粘合剂。
优选的粘合剂选自醇酸树脂,改性的醇酸树脂,自交联或非自交联丙烯酸树脂,聚酯树脂,于性油,酚醛树脂,硝基纤维素或其混合物。
在本发明进一步优选的实施方案中,使用了另外的选自空间位阻酚,亚磷酸酯或膦酸酯或其混合物的稳定剂。
下面给出用作抗氧化剂的空间位阻酚的例子。1.烷基化单苯酚,例如2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚,2-叔丁基-4,6-二甲基苯酚,2,6-二叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚,2,6-二叔丁基-4-正丁基苯酚,2,6-二叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚,2,6-二环戊基-4-甲基苯酚,2-(a-甲基环己基)-4,6-二甲基苯酚,2,6-二-十八烷基-4-甲基苯酚,2,4,6-三环己基苯酚,2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基甲基苯酚,2,6-二壬基-4-甲基-苯酚。2.烷基化对苯二酚,例如2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基苯酚,2,5-二叔丁基对苯二酚,2,5-二叔戊基对苯二酚,2,6-二苯基-4-十八烷基氧基苯酚。3.羟基化硫代二苯醚,例如2,2’-硫代双(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚),2,2’-硫代双(4-辛基苯酚),4,4’-硫代双(6-叔丁基-3-甲基苯酚),4,4’-硫代双(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚)。4.亚烷基双酚,例如2,2’-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚),2,2’-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚),2,2’-亚甲基双[4-甲-6-(a-甲基环己基)苯酚],2,2’-亚甲基双(4-甲基-6-环己基苯酚),2,2’-亚甲基双(6-壬基-4-甲基苯酚),2,2’-亚甲基双(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚),2,2’-亚乙基双(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚),2,2’-亚乙基双(6-叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚),2,2’-亚甲基双[6-(a-甲基苄基)-4-壬基苯酚],2,2’-亚甲基双[6-(a,a-二甲基苄基)-4-壬基苯酚],4,4’-亚甲基双(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚),4,4’-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚),1,1-双(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷,2,6-双(3-叔丁基-5-甲基-2-羟基苄基)-4-甲基苯酚,1,1,3-三(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷,1,1-双(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)-3-正十二烷基巯基丁烷,双[3,3-双(3’-叔丁基-4’-羟基苯酚)丁酸]乙二醇酯,双(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)二环戊二烯,对苯二甲酸双[2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-甲基苄基)-6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯基]酯。5.苄基化合物,例如1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-2,4,6-三甲基苯,双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫化物,3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基巯基乙酸异辛酯,二硫醇对苯二甲酸双(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)酯,异三聚氰酸1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)酯,异三聚氰酸1,3,5-三(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)酯,3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸二-十八烷酯,3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸单乙酯的钙盐,异三聚氰酸1,3,5-三(3,5-二环己基-4-羟基苄基)酯。6.酰基氨基苯酚,例如4-羟基月桂酰苯胺,4-羟基硬脂酰苯胺,2,4-双(辛基巯基)-6-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-s-三嗪,N-(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)氨基甲酸辛酯。7.β-(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸与一元或多元醇的酯,例如与甲醇,十八醇,1,6-己二醇,新戊二醇,三亚乙基二醇,季戊四醇,异三聚氰酸三(羟基乙基),硫代二乙二醇,N,N’-双(羟基乙基)草二酰胺。8.β-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苯基)丙酸与一元或多元醇的酯,例如与甲醇,二乙二醇,十八醇,三亚乙基二醇,1,6-己二醇,新戊二醇,季戊四醇,新戊基二醇,异三聚氰酸三(羟基乙基),硫代二乙二醇,N,N’-双(羟基乙基)草酰胺。9.β-(3,5-二环己基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸与一元或多元醇的酯,例如与甲醇,二乙二醇,十八醇,三亚乙基二醇,1,6-己二醇,新戊二醇,季戊四醇,异三聚氰酸三(羟基乙基),硫代二乙二醇,N,N’-双(羟基乙基)草二酰胺。10.β-(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酰胺,例如N,N’-双(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)六亚甲基二胺,N,N’-双(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)三亚甲基二胺,N,N’-双(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)肼。
在特殊情况下使用两种或多种抗氧化剂是有利的。
有用的亚磷酸酯或膦酸酯的例子是:亚磷酸三苯酯,亚磷酸二苯基烷基酯,亚磷酸苯基二烷基酯,亚磷酸三(壬基苯基酯),亚磷酸三月桂酯,亚磷酸三-十八烷基酯,二亚磷酸二硬脂基季戊四醇酯,亚磷酸三(2,4-二-叔丁基苯基酯),二亚磷酸二异癸基季戊四醇酯,二亚磷酸二(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)季戊四醇酯,二亚磷酸二(2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯基)季戊四醇酯,二亚磷酸二异癸氧基季戊四醇酯,二亚磷酸二(2,4-二-叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)季戊四醇酯,二亚磷酸二(2,4,6-三(叔丁基苯基)季戊四醇酯,三亚磷酸三硬脂基山梨糖醇酯,二亚磷酸四(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)4,4’-二亚苯基酯,6-异辛基氧基-2,4,8,10-四-叔丁基-12H-二苄基[d,g]-1,3,2-二氧杂phosphocin,6-氟-2,4,8,10-四-叔丁基-12甲基-二苄基[d,g]-1,3,2-二氧杂phosphocin,亚磷酸双(2,4-二-叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)甲酯,亚磷酸双(2,4-二-叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)乙酯,2,2’,2”-次氮基[三乙基三(3,3’,5,5’-四-叔丁基-1,1’-联苯基-2,2’-二基)亚磷酸酯],2-乙基己基(3,3’,5,5’-四-叔丁基-1,1’-联苯基-2,2’-二基)亚磷酸酯。
空间位阻酚类,亚磷酸酯或膦酸酯优选以总的配方为基础的0.01%-5%(重量)的量存在。
着色剂或浸渍液也可以含有防腐剂,例如杀真菌剂或杀虫剂。有用的杀真菌剂的例子是氧化三丁基锡,苯基汞盐,环烷酸铜,1-氯代萘或五氯苯酚。有用的杀虫剂的例子是DDT,狄氏剂,林丹,戊环唑,氯氰菊酯,苄烷铵盐酸盐,丙环唑或对硫磷。
着色剂或浸渍液中可以存在的其他成分是少量粘合剂的加速剂(硬化剂),染料或颜料,渗透助剂和表面活性成分。
着色剂或浸渍液可以通过常规技术对木材施用,例如通过浸渗,扩散,刷涂,浸渍,淹浸或喷雾。也可以在高压或真空下浸渗。
着色剂或浸渍液也可以是含水涂料。代替有机溶剂,载体可以由水或水和水溶性有机溶剂的混合物组成。空间位阻胺化合物b)和其他组分可以在该载体中溶解或分散。
优选的粘合剂是醇酸树脂或丙烯酸树脂或这两者的混合物的乳液。
在本发明一个优选的实施方案中,对木材施用附加的表层涂料。
任何适合给木材涂层的涂料组合物可以用作附加的表层涂料。其通常含有粘合剂,其在有机溶剂中或者在水中或者在水和溶剂的混合物中溶解或分散。粘合剂一般可以是在空气中风干或者在室温下硬化的表层涂料树脂。这样的粘合剂的例子是硝基纤维素,聚乙酸乙烯酯,聚氯乙烯,不饱和的聚酯树脂,聚丙烯酸树脂,聚氨基甲酸酯,环氧树脂,酚醛树脂,和特别是醇酸树脂。粘合剂可以是不同表层涂料树脂的混合物。前提是粘合剂是可固化粘合剂,其一般与硬化剂和/或加速剂一起使用。
可以合适地用于涂料组合物的典型的有机溶剂的例子是脂肪族,芳香族或脂环族烃,醇,酯,酮或卤代烃。
水/溶剂混合物一般是水与低级醇,二元醇或乙二醇醚的混合物。
表层涂料可以是光聚合化合物的可辐射固化的没有溶剂的组合物。说明性例子是丙烯酸酯混合物或甲基丙烯酸酯混合物,不饱和的聚酯/苯乙烯混合物或其他乙烯不饱和的单体或低聚物的混合物。
表层涂料可以含有可溶的染料和/或颜料和/或填料。颜料可以是有机,无机或金属颜料。颜料可以是不透明的或透明的,例如透明的氧化铁。填料一般可以是高岭土,碳化钙或硅酸铝。优选地,表层涂料是透明的清漆,即其不含有不溶解的成分。
尽管着色剂或浸渍液含有式(I)的空间位阻胺并且好的抗光的保护作用,但是向表层涂料中加入式(I)的空间位阻胺和/或其他常规光稳定剂是有利的。合适的常规光稳定剂说明性例子是下面的化合物:UV吸收剂和光稳定剂 2-(2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑,例如2-(2’-羟基-5’-甲基苯基)-苯并三唑,2-(3’,5’-二-叔丁基-2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(5’-叔丁基-2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(2’-羟基-5’-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3’,5’-二-叔丁基-2’-羟基苯基)-5-氯-苯并三唑,2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-甲基苯基)-5-氯-苯并三唑,2-(3’-仲丁基-5’-叔丁基-2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(2’-羟基-4’-辛基氧基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3’,5’-二-叔戊基-2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3’,5’-双-(a,a-二甲基苄基)-2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-辛基氧基羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯-苯并三唑,2-(3’-叔丁基-5’-[2-(2-乙基己氧基)-羰基乙基]-2’-羟基苯基)-5-氯-苯并三唑,2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯-苯并三唑,2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-辛基氧基羰基乙基)苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3’-叔丁基-5’-[2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基]-2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3’-十二烷基-2’-羟基-5’-甲基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-异辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基)苯并三唑,2,2’-亚甲基-双[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-6-苯并三唑-2-基苯酚];2-[3’-叔丁基-5’-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2’-羟基苯基]-2H-苯并三唑与聚乙二醇300的酯基转移作用产物;[R-CH2CH3-COO-CH2CH2-]-2,其中R=3’叔丁基-4’-羟基-5’-2H-苯并三唑-2-基苯基2-[2’-羟基-3’-(a,a-二甲基苄基)-5’-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-苯基]苯并三唑;2-[2’-羟基-3’-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-5’-(a,a-二甲基苄基)-苯基]苯并三唑。2-羟基二苯酮,例如4-羟基,4-甲氧基,4-辛氧基,4-癸氧基,4-十二烷氧基,4-苄氧基,4,2’,4’-三羟基和2’-羟基-4,4’-二甲氧基衍生物。取代的和没有取代的苯甲酸的酯,例如水杨酸4-叔丁基-苯酯,水杨酸苯酯,水杨酸辛基苯酯,二苯甲酰基间苯二酚,双(4-叔丁基苯甲酰基)间苯二酚,苯甲酰基间苯二酚,3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸2,4-二-叔丁基苯酯,3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸十六烷基酯,3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸十八烷基酯,3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸2-甲基-4,6-二-叔丁基苯酯。丙烯酸酯,例如a-氰基-b,b-二苯基丙烯酸乙酯,a-氰基-b,b-二苯基丙烯酸异辛酯,a-甲酯基肉桂酸甲酯,a-氰基-b-甲基-对-甲氧基-肉桂酸甲酯,a-氰基-b-甲基-对-甲氧基-肉桂酸丁酯,a-甲酯基-对-甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯和N-(b-甲酯基-b-氰基乙烯基)-2-甲基二氢吲哚。镍化合物,例如2,2’-硫代-双-[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯酚]的镍配合物,例如1∶1或1∶2配合物,有或没有另外的配位体,例如正丁基胺,三乙醇胺或N-环己基二乙醇胺,二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸镍,单烷基酯,例如4-羟基-3,5-二-叔丁基苄基膦酸甲酯或乙酯的镍盐,酮肟例如的2-羟基-4-甲基苯基十一烷基酮肟的镍配合物,1-苯基-4-月桂酰基-5-羟基吡唑的镍配合物,有或没有另外的配位体。空间位阻的胺,例如癸二酸二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶)-酯,琥珀酸二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶)-酯,癸二酸二(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶)-酯,癸二酸二(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶)-酯,正丁基-3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基丙二酸二(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶)-酯,1-(2-羟基乙基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶和琥珀酸的缩合物,N,N’-二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺和4-叔-辛基氨基-2,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪的线性或环缩合物,次氮基三乙酸三(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶)-酯,1,2,3,4-丁烷-四羧酸四(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶)-酯,1,1’-(1,2-乙烷二基)-双(3,3,5,5-四甲基哌嗪酮),4-苯甲酰基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶,4-十八烷氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶,2-正丁基-2-(2-羟基-3,5-二-叔丁基-苄基)丙二酸二(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基哌啶)-酯,3-正-辛基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1,3,8-三氮杂螺[4.5]癸-2,4-二酮,癸二酸二(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶)-酯,琥珀酸二(1-辛基氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶)-酯,N,N’-二-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺和4-吗啉基-2,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪的线性或环缩合物,2-氯-4,6-二-(4-正丁基氨基-,2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶基)-1,3,5-三嗪和1,2-双-(3-氨基丙基氨基)乙烷的缩合物,2-氯-4,6-二(4-正丁基氨基-1,2,2,6,6-五甲基哌啶基)-1,3,5-三嗪和1,2-双(3-氨基丙基氨基)乙烷的缩合物,8-乙酰基-3-十二烷基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1,3,8-三氮杂螺[4.5]癸-2,4-二酮,3-十二烷基-1-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)吡咯烷-2,5-二酮,3-十二烷基-1-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)吡咯烷-2,5-二酮,4-十六烷氧基-和4-十八烷氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶的混合物,N,N’-二(2,2,6,6,-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺和4-环己基氨基-2,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪的缩合产物,1,2-二(3-氨基丙基氨基)乙烷和2,4,6-三氯-1,3,5-三嗪以及4-丁基氨基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶的缩合产物(CAS Reg.No.[136504-96-6]);N-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)正十二烷基琥珀酰亚胺,N-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)正十二烷基琥珀酰亚胺,2-十一烷基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1-氧杂-3,8-二氮杂-4-氧代-螺[4,5]癸烷,7,7,9,9-四甲基-2-环十一烷-1-氧杂-3,8-二氮杂-4-氧代-螺[4,5]癸烷和3-氯-1,2-环氧丙烷的反应产物,1,1-二(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基氧基羰基)-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙烯,N,N’-二-甲酰基-N,N’-二(2,2,6,6,-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺,4-甲氧基-亚甲基-丙二酸与1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-羟基哌啶的二酯,聚[甲基丙基-3-氧基-4-(2,2,6,6,-四甲基-4-哌啶基)]硅氧烷,马来酸酐-α烯烃共聚物与2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氨基哌啶或1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-氨基哌啶的反应产物。草酰胺,例如4,4’-二辛基氧基草酰二苯胺,2,2’-二乙氧基草酰二苯胺,2,2’-二辛氧基-5,5’-二叔丁草酰二苯胺,2,2’-二-十二烷基氧基-5,5’-二叔丁草酰二苯胺,2-乙氧基-2’-乙基草酰二苯胺,N,N’-二(3-二甲基氨基丙基)草酰二苯胺,2-乙氧基-5-叔丁基-2’-乙草酰二苯胺和其与2-乙氧基-2’-乙基-5,4’-三-叔丁草酰二苯胺的混合物,邻-和对-甲氧基-二取代的草酰二苯胺的混合物和邻-和对-乙氧基-二取代的草酰二苯胺的混合物。2-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,例如2,4,6-三(2-羟基-4-辛基氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2-羟基-4-辛基氧基苯基)-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2,4-二(2-羟基-4-丙基氧基苯基)-6-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2-羟基-4-辛基氧基苯基)-4,6-二(4-甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2-羟基-4-十二烷基氧基苯基)-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2-羟基-4-十三烷基氧基苯基)-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-丁基氧基-丙基氧基)苯基]-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-辛基氧基-丙基氧基)苯基]-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-[4-(十二烷基氧基/十三烷基氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)-2-羟基-苯基]-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-十二烷基氧基-丙氧基)苯基)-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2-羟基-4-己基氧基)苯基-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪,2,4,6-三[2-羟基-4-(3-丁氧基-2-羟基-丙氧基)苯基]-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2-羟基苯基)-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-6-苯基-1,3,5-三嗪,2-{2-羟基-4-[3-(2-乙基己基-1-氧基)-2-羟基丙基氧基]苯基}-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪。
本发明另一个主题是式I或II位阻胺化合物的应用其中G1和G2独立地是1-4个碳原子的烷基或者一起是五亚甲基Z1和Z2各自是甲基,或者Z1和Z2一起形成连接部分,其可以另外被酯基,醚基,羟基,氧基,氰醇,酰胺,氨基,羧基或脲基取代,E是烃氧基或羟基。X是无机或有机阴离子,其中阳离子总电荷数h等于阴离子的总电荷数j。
已经提到取代基的例子和优选取代基并且也适用于上面的发明主题。
本发明对于下面的应用特别有用:家居应用,例如家具,地板,刨花板和细木工活;户外应用,例如围墙,建筑部件,木制前缘,窗框和类似的物件。
在需要最大稳定作用的情况下,可以应用完全的木材保护系统。木材保护系统包括本发明浸渍液,任选地有中间层和最后表面涂层,其如上所述是稳定的。
下面的实施例详细说明本发明。实施例1 a)浸渍液:
向商购浸渍液(“XylamonIncolore”,固体含量5.2%,购自Sepam)加入以总的配方为基础的0.5%的表1所给出的添加剂。比较配方:以总的配方为基础的0.5%Tinuvin292(购自Ciba SpecialtyChemicals的位阻胺光稳定剂)。
对冷杉板用刷子(一遍)刷涂浸渍液并且在室温下干燥24小时。b)
表层涂料:由下面的物质制备表层涂料:53.48份醇酸树脂(Jagalyd Antihydro,E.Jager KG,60%在生石油溶剂中的溶液)10.69份虫变剂(Jagalyd Antihydro-Thix,E.Jager KG,50%溶液)1.92份促进剂(Jager Antihydro-Trockner)33.44份溶剂(Terlitol)0.32份防结皮剂(AscininP,BAYER)0.15份防结皮剂(LuactinM,BASF)
用1.5%Tinuvin384(购自Ciba Specialty Chemicals的UV-吸收剂)和1%Tinuvin123(购自Ciba Specialty Chemicals的位阻胺光稳定剂)稳定表层涂料。浓度以粘合剂固体为基础。
对浸渍过的冷杉板用刷子(三遍)刷涂表层涂料,并且每次涂层后在室温下干燥24小时。
将板暴露给加速气候老化试验:Xenon-Weatherometer(CAM7循环:在60℃光照102分钟,40℃光照有雨18分钟)。
老化后根据DIN6174测定颜色变化DE。用没有稳定化浸渍和没有稳定化的表层涂料的未暴露的冷杉板作为参考。
结果见表1。表1:暴露800小时后颜色变化
实施例2 a)浸渍液:
浸渍液中的添加剂(%以总的配方为基础的) | 表层涂料中的添加剂%(以粘合剂固体为基础) | DE |
没有稳定化的 | 没有稳定化的 | 18.2 |
没有稳定化的 | 1.5%Tinuvin384+1%Tinuvin123 | 9.8 |
0.5%Tinuvin292(比较) | 1.5%Tinuvin384+1%Tinuvin123 | 8.6 |
0.5%化合物(101) | 1.5%Tinuvin384+1%Tinuvin123 | 7.7 |
0.5%化合物(102) | 1.5%Tinuvin384+1%Tinuvin123 | 6.5 |
0.5%化合物(104) | 1.5%Tinuvin384+1%Tinuvin123 | 8.0 |
向固体含量15%的水基浸渍液(主要粘合剂成分:水基丙烯分散剂)加入1%表2中所给出的添加剂。比较配方:以总的配方为基础的0.5%Tinuvin292(购自Ciba SpecialtyChemicals的位阻胺光稳定剂)。
对冷杉板用刷子(一遍)刷涂浸渍液,并且在室温下干燥24小时。b)表层涂料:
用2%Tinuvin1130(购自Ciba Speciaity Chemicals的UV-吸收剂)和1%Tinuvin292(购自Ciba Specialty Chemicals的位阻胺光稳定剂)稳定固体含量39%的水基表层涂料(主要粘合剂成分:水基丙烯分散剂)。浓度以粘合剂固体为基础。
对浸渍过的冷杉板用刷子(两遍)刷涂表层涂料,并且每次涂层后在室温下干燥24小时。c)没有表层涂料
在第二系列中,没有表层涂料的浸渍过的木板暴露给加速气候老化试验。
有表层涂料的板暴露给加速气候老化试验:QUV(UVA340:在58℃光照5小时,22℃喷淋,没有光照1小时)。
老化后根据DIN6174测定颜色变化DE。用没有稳定化浸渍和没有稳定化的表层涂料的未暴露的冷杉板作为参考。结果见表2。
在下面的条件下将浸渍过的没有表层涂料的板暴露给加速气候老化试验:UVA-340灯泡:没有另外的湿度在室温下连续照射。
老化后根据DIN6174测定颜色变化DE。用没有稳定化浸渍的未暴露的冷杉板作为参考。结果见表3。表2:暴露800小时后颜色变化
表3:暴露96小时后颜色变化
实施例3 a)浸渍液:
浸渍液中的添加剂(以总的配方为基础) | 表层涂料中的添加剂(以粘合剂固体为基础) | DE |
没有稳定化的 | 没有稳定化的 | 22.2 |
没有稳定化的 | 2%Tinuvin1130+1%Tinuvin292 | 8.8 |
1%Tinuvin292(比较) | 2%Tinuvin1130+1%Tinuvin292 | 8.3 |
1%化合物(101) | 2%Tinuvin1130+1%Tinuvin292 | 3.7 |
1%化合物(102) | 2%Tinuvin1130+1%Tinuvin292 | 5.6 |
浸渍液中的添加剂(以总的配方为基础) | 表层涂料中的添加剂(以粘合剂固体为基础) | DE |
没有稳定化的 | 没有表层涂料 | 16.7 |
1%Tinuvin292(比较) | 没有表层涂料 | 16.3 |
1%化合物(101) | 没有表层涂料 | 13.0 |
1%化合物(102) | 没有表层涂料 | 15.5 |
使用和实施例2中描述的一样的浸渍液。b)
表层涂料:
用2%Tinuvin1130(购自Ciba Specialty Chemicals的UV-吸收剂)和1%Tinuvin292(购自Ciba Specialty Chemicals的位阻胺光稳定剂)稳定固体含量41%的水基表层涂料(主要粘合剂成分:水基丙烯分散剂)。浓度以粘合剂固体为基础。添加剂预先溶解于丁基乙二醇中。
对冷杉板用刷子(一遍)刷涂浸渍液,并且在室温下干燥24小时。
对浸渍过的冷杉板用刷子(两遍)刷涂表层涂料,并且每次涂层后在室温下干燥24小时。
将板暴露给加速气候老化试验:QUV(UVA340:在58℃光照5小时,22℃喷淋,没有光照1小时)。
根据ASTM D1925测定变黄。结果表明老化之前和之后(相同板)黄度系数DYI的差异。结果见表4。表4:暴露400小时后变黄
实施例4
浸渍液中的添加剂(以总的配方为基础) | 表层涂料中的添加剂(以粘合剂固体为基础) | DYI |
没有浸渍 | 没有稳定化的 | 31.0 |
没有稳定化的 | 2%Tinuvin1130+1%Tinuvin292 | 21.7 |
1%Tinuvin292(比较) | 2%Tinuvin1130+1%Tinuvin292 | 19.0 |
1%化合物(103) | 2%Tinuvin1130+1%Tinuvin292 | 7.1 |
用化合物105重复实施例1并且使用相同的老化条件。没有稳定剂的对照板显示出53.1初始黄度系数,而用化合物(105)的样品是51.9。
Tinuvin1130和Tinuvin384是Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc.商售的苯并三唑UV-吸收剂。
Claims (10)
1.通过用渗透木材表面的着色剂或浸渍液处理来保护木材不受光诱导的降解的方法,所述着色剂或浸渍液含有:
a)至少一种有机溶剂和
其中E是烃氧基或羟基,R是氢,
在式A和A*中,
n是1或2,
当n是1时,
R1是氢,1-6个碳原子的烷基,2-6个碳原子的链烯基,炔丙基,缩水甘油基,插入1-10个氧原子的2-20个碳原子的烷基,被1-5个羟基取代或者既插入所述氧原子又被所述羟基取代的所述烷基,或者
R1是被羧基或者被-COOZ取代的1-4个碳原子的烷基,其中Z是氢或1-4个碳原子的烷基,
当n是2时,
R1是1-8个碳原子的亚烷基,4-8个碳原子的亚烯基,插入1-10个氧原子,被1-5个羟基取代的或者既插入所述氧原子又被所述羟基取代的1-20个碳原子的亚烷基,
在式B和B*中,
m是1或2,
当m是1时,
R2是1-4个碳原子的烷基,或者R2是CH2(OCH2CH2)nOCH3,其中n是1-12,或者
R2是苯基,或者被1-3个甲基取代的所述苯基,
R2是-NHR3,其中R3是1-4个碳原子的烷基,或者苯基,或者被1-2个甲基取代的所述苯基
当m是2时,
R2是1-8个碳原子的亚烷基,4-8个碳原子的亚链烯基,或者R2是-CH2(OCH2CH2)nOH2-,其中n是1-12,
R2是NHR4NH-,其中R4是2-6个碳原子,8-15个碳原子的亚芳基烷基,或者6-12个碳原子的亚芳基,或者
R2是-CO-或-NH-CONH-,
在式C和C*中,
R10是氢,或1-3个碳原子的链烷酰基,
x是1或2,
当x是1时,
R11是氢,1-6个碳原子的烷基或缩水甘油基,或者
R11是被羧基或者被-COOZ取代的1-4个碳原子的烷基,其中Z是氢或1-4个碳原子的烷基,
当x是2时,
R11是1-6个碳原子的亚烷基,
在式D和D*中,
R10是氢,
y是1或2,
R12如上文2的定义,
在式Y,Y*,Z和Z*中,
X是1或2,
当x是1时,
R1和R2独立地是1-4个碳原子的烷基,
或者R1和R2一起是四亚甲基,或五亚甲基,
R2是氢或1-4个碳原子的烷基,被羟基取代的所述烷基,
当x是2时,
R1是氢,1-4个碳原子的烷基,被羟基取代的所述烷基,
R2是2-6个碳原子的亚烷基,
R3如上定义,
X是无机或有机阴离子,
其中阳离子的总电荷数h等于阴离子的总电荷数j。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中组分(b)化合物选自式A,A*,B,B*,C,C*,D,D*,Q,Q*,R,R*或S,S*的化合物,
其中E是烃氧基或羟基,R是氢,
在式A和A*中,
n是1
R1是氢,1-4个碳原子的烷基,缩水甘油基,插入1或2个氧原子的2-4个碳原子的烷基,被1或2个羟基取代或者既插入所述氧原子又被所述羟基取代的所述烷基,或者
R1是被-COOZ取代的1-4个碳原子的烷基,其中Z是氢或1-4个碳原子的烷基,
在式B和B*中,
m是1或2,
当m是1时,
R2是1-4个碳原子的烷基,或者R2是CH2(OCH2CH2)nOCH3,其中n是1-4,
当m是2时,
R2是1-8个碳原子的亚烷基,
在式C和C*中,
R10是氢,或1或2个碳原子的链烷酰基,
x是1或2,
当x是1时,
R11是氢,1-4个碳原子的烷基或缩水甘油基,
或者R11是被-COOZ取代的1-4个碳原子的烷基,其中Z是氢或1-4个碳原子的烷基,
当x是2时,
R11是1-6个碳原子的亚烷基,
在式D和D*中,
R10是氢,
y是1或2,
R12如上文R2的定义。
3.权利要求1的方法,其中在组分(b)的化合物中,X是磷酸限,碳酸限,碳酸氢根,硝酸根,氯离子,溴离子,亚硫酸氢根,亚硫酸限,硫酸氢根,硫酸限,硼酸限,羧酸根,烷基磺酸根或芳基磺酸根,或膦酸根。
4.权利要求1的方法,其中组分(b)的化合物是
(a)癸二酸双(1-氧基-2,2-6-6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)酯;
(b)癸二酸双(1-羟基-2,2-6-6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)酯;
(c)柠檬酸1-羟基-2,2-6-6-四甲基-4-乙酰氧基哌啶鎓;
(d)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶;
(e)1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶;
(f)硫酸氢1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶鎓;
(g)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶;
(h)1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶;
(i)乙酸1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶鎓;
(j)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-甲氧基-哌啶;
(k)1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-甲氧基-哌啶;
(l)乙酸1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-甲氧基哌啶鎓;
(m)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氧基哌啶;
(n)1-羟基2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氧基哌啶;
(o)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-丙氧基-哌啶;
(p)乙酸1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-丙氧基-哌啶鎓;
(q)1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-丙氧基-哌啶;
(r)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-(2-羟基-4-氧杂戊氧基)哌啶;
(s)乙酸1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-(2-羟基-4-氧杂戊氧基)哌啶鎓;
(t)1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶;
(u)1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶;
(v)氯化1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓;
(w)乙酸1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓;
(x)硫酸氢1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓;
(y)柠檬酸1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓;
(z)柠檬酸双(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(aa)柠檬酸三(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(bb)乙二胺四乙酸四(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(cc)乙二胺四乙酸四(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶鎓);
(dd)乙二胺四乙酸四(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶鎓);
(ee)二亚乙基三胺五乙酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(ff)二亚乙基三胺五乙酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶鎓);
(gg)二亚乙基三胺五乙酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶鎓);
(hh)次氮基三乙酸三(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(ii)次氮基三乙酸三(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶鎓);
(jj)次氮基三乙酸三(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶鎓);
(kk)二亚乙基三胺五亚甲基膦酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶鎓);
(ll)二亚乙基三胺五亚甲基膦酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-乙酰氨基哌啶鎓);或
(mm)二亚乙基三胺五亚甲基膦酸五(1-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧代哌啶鎓)。
5.权利要求1的方法,其中着色剂或浸渍液另外含有聚合物粘合剂材料。
6.权利要求1的方法,其中位阻胺化合物b)以以组分a)的重量为基础0.1-10%的量存在。
7.权利要求1的方法,其中溶剂选自脂肪烃,脂环烃,芳香烃,醇,醚,酯,酮,二元醇,乙二醇醚,乙二醇酯,聚乙二醇或其混合物。
8.权利要求5的方法,其中粘合剂选自醇酸树脂,改性的醇酸树脂,自交联或非自交联丙烯酸树脂,聚酯树脂,干性油,酚醛树脂,硝基纤维素或混合物。
9.权利要求1的方法,其中使用空间位阻酚,亚磷酸盐或膦酸盐或其混合物作为另外的稳定剂。
10.权利要求1的方法,其中另外的表层涂料应用于木材。
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EP98810238 | 1998-03-19 |
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EP (1) | EP0943665B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4689778B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100550811B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1106919C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE253621T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU756097B2 (zh) |
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DE (1) | DE69912502T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK0943665T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2209368T3 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI224995B (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA992175B (zh) |
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ATE253621T1 (de) | 2003-11-15 |
JP2000025010A (ja) | 2000-01-25 |
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JP4689778B2 (ja) | 2011-05-25 |
CA2265990A1 (en) | 1999-09-19 |
US6187387B1 (en) | 2001-02-13 |
DE69912502D1 (de) | 2003-12-11 |
AU756097B2 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
AU2131899A (en) | 1999-09-30 |
DE69912502T2 (de) | 2004-09-23 |
ZA992175B (en) | 1999-09-20 |
BR9901022B1 (pt) | 2011-04-19 |
BR9901022A (pt) | 1999-12-28 |
KR19990078005A (ko) | 1999-10-25 |
TWI224995B (en) | 2004-12-11 |
EP0943665B1 (en) | 2003-11-05 |
CA2265990C (en) | 2008-07-22 |
KR100550811B1 (ko) | 2006-02-10 |
CN1237501A (zh) | 1999-12-08 |
EP0943665A1 (en) | 1999-09-22 |
DK0943665T3 (da) | 2004-03-08 |
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