CN110671429B - 一种挤油式自润滑的推力轴承 - Google Patents

一种挤油式自润滑的推力轴承 Download PDF

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CN110671429B
CN110671429B CN201910957919.2A CN201910957919A CN110671429B CN 110671429 B CN110671429 B CN 110671429B CN 201910957919 A CN201910957919 A CN 201910957919A CN 110671429 B CN110671429 B CN 110671429B
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oil
ring
roller
lubricating
storage chamber
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CN110671429A (zh
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张婷
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NINGBO JIURUN BEARING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
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Ningbo Jiurun Bearing Technology Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/30—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for axial load mainly
    • F16C19/32—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for axial load mainly for supporting the end face of a shaft or other member, e.g. footstep bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/30—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for axial load mainly
    • F16C19/305—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for axial load mainly consisting of rollers held in a cage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/34—Rollers; Needles
    • F16C33/36—Rollers; Needles with bearing-surfaces other than cylindrical, e.g. tapered; with grooves in the bearing surfaces
    • F16C33/363—Rollers; Needles with bearing-surfaces other than cylindrical, e.g. tapered; with grooves in the bearing surfaces with grooves in the bearing-surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/34—Rollers; Needles
    • F16C33/36—Rollers; Needles with bearing-surfaces other than cylindrical, e.g. tapered; with grooves in the bearing surfaces
    • F16C33/366—Tapered rollers, i.e. rollers generally shaped as truncated cones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/4617—Massive or moulded cages having cage pockets surrounding the rollers, e.g. machined window cages
    • F16C33/4641—Massive or moulded cages having cage pockets surrounding the rollers, e.g. machined window cages comprising two annular parts joined together
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/664—Retaining the liquid in or near the bearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/664—Retaining the liquid in or near the bearing
    • F16C33/6648—Retaining the liquid in or near the bearing in a porous or resinous body, e.g. a cage impregnated with the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/664—Retaining the liquid in or near the bearing
    • F16C33/6651—Retaining the liquid in or near the bearing in recesses or cavities provided in retainers, races or rolling elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6681—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearing, e.g. grooves on the cage or passages in the rolling elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C37/00—Cooling of bearings
    • F16C37/007—Cooling of bearings of rolling bearings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种挤油式自润滑的推力轴承，包括底圈、顶圈、支撑体和油底壳，油底壳设于底圈的底面，并与底圈之间形成有储油腔室，底圈上设有呈圆环状的容油槽，顶圈设有呈圆环的滚道，支撑体设于底圈与顶圈之间，支撑体包括保持内圈、保持外圈和若干等间隔设置的吸油辊子，若干吸油辊子沿径向方向分别转动连接在保持内圈与保持外圈之间，若干吸油辊子沿平行轴向方向分别抵接于底圈的容油槽与顶圈的滚道之间，在容油槽内间隔开设有与储油腔室连通的油孔；本发明可以达到自润滑和自冷却的效果，大大减少向推力轴承内添加润滑油的次数，操作更便捷，利于提高推力轴承的使用寿命。

Description

一种挤油式自润滑的推力轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及轴承技术领域，特别是涉及一种挤油式自润滑的推力轴承。
背景技术
推力轴承是一种广泛应用的机械零件，在使用过程中，经常需要人工向推力轴承内注入润滑油，以达到冷却和润滑推力轴承的效果，这种操作方式极不便利，有时会出现忘加润滑油，从而导致出现推力轴承损坏的现象。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服以上所述的缺点，提供一种挤油式自润滑的推力轴承。
为实现上述目的，本发明的具体方案如下：
一种挤油式自润滑的推力轴承，包括同心设置的底圈、顶圈、支撑体和油底壳，所述油底壳设于所述底圈的底面，并与所述底圈之间形成有储油腔室，所述底圈上设有呈圆环状的容油槽，所述顶圈设有呈圆环的滚道，所述支撑体设于所述底圈与所述顶圈之间，所述支撑体包括保持内圈、保持外圈和若干等间隔设置的吸油辊子，若干所述吸油辊子沿径向方向分别转动连接在所述保持内圈与所述保持外圈之间，若干所述吸油辊子沿平行轴向方向分别抵接于所述底圈的容油槽与所述顶圈的滚道之间，在所述容油槽内间隔开设有与所述储油腔室连通的油孔。
其中，所述吸油辊子包括连接轴、滚子和呈圆环状的吸油海绵，所述滚子固定套设于所述连接轴上，所述连接轴的两端分别转动连接在所述保持内圈和所述保持外圈上，所述吸油海绵套设在所述滚子上，且沿平行轴向方向分别抵接于所述容油槽与所述滚道之间。
其中，所述滚子设有中心通孔，所述连接轴穿接于所述中心通孔内，所述滚子的外环面上沿周向设置有限位槽，所述吸油海绵套设于所述限位槽内。
其中，在所述限位槽上设有与中心通孔连通的润滑孔。
其中，所述保持内圈和所述保持外圈均为多边形结构，每条所述保持内圈的边长与每条所述保持外圈的边长分别对应，且两者之间转动连接吸油辊子。
本发明的有益效果为：与现有技术相比，本发明通过设置储油腔室以及在底圈上设置容油槽，使支撑体上的吸油辊子能够吸收润滑油，然后利用吸油辊子转动以及来自轴向方向的挤压力，使吸油辊子挤压出润滑油，从而可以达到自润滑和自冷却的效果，大大减少向推力轴承内添加润滑油的次数，操作更便捷，利于提高推力轴承的使用寿命。
另外，设置储油腔室用来储存润滑油，能够有效避免润滑油散落污染工作环境，同时能够节省润滑油的使用量，更环保、经济。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的推力轴承的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的推力轴承的剖视图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的推力轴承的分解示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的底圈的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的支撑体的结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例提供的吸油辊子的结构示意图；
图7是本发明实施例提供的滚子的结构示意图；
附图标记说明：1-底圈；11-容油槽；12-油孔；2-顶圈；3-支撑体；31-保持内圈；32-保持外圈；33-吸油辊子；331-连接轴；332-滚子；3321-中心通孔；3322-限位槽；3323-润滑孔；333-吸油海绵；4-油底壳；5-储油腔室。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明，并不是把本发明的实施范围局限于此。
如图1至图7所示，本实施例所述的一种挤油式自润滑的推力轴承，包括同心设置的底圈1、顶圈2、支撑体3和油底壳4，所述油底壳4设于所述底圈1的底面，并与所述底圈1之间形成有储油腔室5，所述底圈1上设有呈圆环状的容油槽11，所述顶圈2设有呈圆环的滚道，所述支撑体3设于所述底圈1与所述顶圈2之间，所述支撑体3包括保持内圈31、保持外圈32和若干等间隔设置的吸油辊子33，若干所述吸油辊子33沿径向方向分别转动连接在所述保持内圈31与所述保持外圈32之间，若干所述吸油辊子33沿平行轴向方向分别抵接于所述底圈1的容油槽11与所述顶圈2的滚道之间，在所述容油槽11内间隔开设有与所述储油腔室5连通的油孔12。本实施例中，所述保持内圈31和所述保持外圈32均为多边形结构，具体地，均为正十六边形，每条所述保持内圈31的边长与每条所述保持外圈32的边长分别对应，且两者之间转动连接吸油辊子33，以便于安装吸油滚子332。
本实施例中，如图7所示，所述滚子332的两端小、中部大，且所述滚子332的两端均设置有锥面；如图2所示，所述滚道的两侧均设置有与所述滚子332的锥面相适配的斜面；所述容油槽11的两侧均设置有与所述滚子332的锥面相适配的斜面。
具体地，吸油辊子33的数量为十六个，通过容油槽11上的油孔12向储油腔室5内注入润滑油，当储油腔室5内注满润滑油后，润滑油通过油孔12进入容油槽11内，直至润滑油的液面高度接近容油槽11高度的一半，以便保证吸油辊子33能够从容油槽11内吸收润滑油，吸油辊子33吸收润滑油后，同时吸油辊子33会转动，从而吸油辊子33的吸油部分转到与顶圈2的滚道接触，并受到顶圈2的挤压，吸油辊子33上的润滑油被挤出，被挤出的润滑油沿着吸油辊子33以及吸油辊子33与顶圈2内壁和底圈1的内壁的接触面再次流回容油槽11内，从而达到对吸油辊子33进行润滑和降温的作用，还能起到防腐蚀的效果；待储油腔室5内的润滑油使用一段时间后，再向储油腔室5内添加润滑油，从而可以大大减少添加润滑油的次数，操作更便捷。
本实施例通过设置储油腔室5以及在底圈1上设置容油槽11，使支撑体3上的吸油辊子33能够吸收润滑油，然后利用吸油辊子33转动以及来自轴向方向的挤压力，使吸油辊子33挤压出润滑油，从而可以达到自润滑和自冷却的效果，大大减少向推力轴承内添加润滑油的次数，操作更便捷，利于提高推力轴承的使用寿命。
另外，设置储油腔室5用来储存润滑油，能够有效避免润滑油散落污染工作环境，同时能够节省润滑油的使用量，更环保、经济。
基于上述实施例的基础上，进一步地，如图6所示，所述吸油辊子33包括连接轴331、滚子332和呈圆环状的吸油海绵333，所述滚子332固定套设于所述连接轴331上，所述连接轴331的两端分别转动连接在所述保持内圈31和所述保持外圈32上，所述吸油海绵333套设在所述滚子332上，且沿平行轴向方向分别抵接于所述容油槽11与所述滚道之间；具体地，吸油海绵333吸收容油槽11内的润滑油，然后滚子332转动，吸油海绵333随着滚子332转动，吸油海绵333的吸油部分转动至与顶圈2的滚道接触，同时受到顶圈2的挤压，从而使吸油海绵333内的润滑油被挤出，被挤出的润滑油沿着滚子332的表面以及顶圈2的内壁和底圈1的内壁流回容油槽11内，从而达到对滚子332的润滑和降温作用。
基于上述实施例的基础上，进一步地，如图7所示，所述滚子332设有中心通孔3321，所述连接轴331穿接于所述中心通孔3321内，所述滚子332的外环面上沿周向设置有限位槽3322，所述吸油海绵333套设于所述限位槽3322内，设置限位槽3322能够有效防止吸油海绵333在随着滚子332转动过程中出现脱离滚子332的情况，结构更可靠，而在滚子332上设置中心通孔3321，使润滑油沿着滚子332表面流动时，会有一部分流入中心通孔3321内，达到润滑连接轴331和滚子332，润滑更均匀，使滚子332转动更流畅，同时达到对连接轴331和滚子332进行润滑和冷却的效果，而且滚子332上设置中心通孔3321，由于连接轴331与滚子332在中心通孔3321内存在小间隙，而这些小间隙又存在空气的流动，空气的流动会带走连接轴331与滚子332摩擦产生的热量，利于加速滚子332的冷却，提升滚子332的降温效果。
基于上述实施例的基础上，进一步地，如图7所示，在所述限位槽3322上设有与中心通孔3321连通的润滑孔3323，增大滚子332与润滑油的接触面积，不局限与滚子332表面；具体地，润滑孔3323的数量为五个，并间隔分布在限位槽3322上，被挤出的润滑油会流入润滑孔3323内，然后进入中心通孔3321内，从而可以在连接轴331与滚子332之间起到润滑作用，润滑效果更好，对连接轴331进行冷却，同时加速冷却滚子332，滚子332的降温效果更好，利于延长推力轴承的使用寿命。
以上所述仅是本发明的一个较佳实施例，故凡依本发明专利申请范围所述的构造、特征及原理所做的等效变化或修饰，包含在本发明专利申请的保护范围内。

Claims (1)

1.一种挤油式自润滑的推力轴承，其特征在于，包括同心设置的底圈（1）、顶圈（2）、支撑体（3）和油底壳（4），所述油底壳（4）设于所述底圈（1）的底面，并与所述底圈（1）之间形成有储油腔室（5），所述底圈（1）上设有呈圆环状的容油槽（11），所述顶圈（2）设有呈圆环的滚道，所述支撑体（3）设于所述底圈（1）与所述顶圈（2）之间，所述支撑体（3）包括保持内圈（31）、保持外圈（32）和若干等间隔设置的吸油辊子（33），若干所述吸油辊子（33）沿径向方向分别转动连接在所述保持内圈（31）与所述保持外圈（32）之间，若干所述吸油辊子（33）沿平行轴向方向分别抵接于所述底圈（1）的容油槽（11）与所述顶圈（2）的滚道之间，在所述容油槽（11）内间隔开设有与所述储油腔室（5）连通的油孔（12）；所述吸油辊子（33）包括连接轴（331）、滚子（332）和呈圆环状的吸油海绵（333），所述滚子（332）固定套设于所述连接轴（331）上，所述连接轴（331）的两端分别转动连接在所述保持内圈（31）和所述保持外圈（32）上，所述吸油海绵（333）套设在所述滚子（332）上，且沿平行轴向方向分别抵接于所述容油槽（11）与所述滚道之间；所述滚子（332）设有中心通孔（3321），所述连接轴（331）穿接于所述中心通孔（3321）内，所述滚子（332）的外环面上沿周向设置有限位槽（3322），所述吸油海绵（333）套设于所述限位槽（3322）内；在所述限位槽（3322）上设有与中心通孔（3321）连通的润滑孔（3323）；所述保持内圈（31）和所述保持外圈（32）均为多边形结构，每条所述保持内圈（31）的边长与每条所述保持外圈（32）的边长分别对应，且两者之间转动连接吸油辊子（33）；
吸油辊子（33）的数量为十六个，通过容油槽（11）上的油孔（12）向储油腔室（5）内注入润滑油，当储油腔室（5）内注满润滑油后，润滑油通过油孔（12）进入容油槽（11）内，直至润滑油的液面高度接近容油槽（11）高度的一半，以便保证吸油辊子（33）能够从容油槽（11）内吸收润滑油，吸油辊子（33）吸收润滑油后，同时吸油辊子（33）会转动，从而吸油辊子（33）的吸油部分转到与顶圈（2）的滚道接触，并受到顶圈（2）的挤压，吸油辊子（33）上的润滑油被挤出，被挤出的润滑油沿着吸油辊子（33）以及吸油辊子（33）与顶圈（2）内壁和底圈（1）的内壁的接触面再次流回容油槽（11）内，从而达到对吸油辊子（33）进行润滑和降温的作用，还能起到防腐蚀的效果；待储油腔室（5）内的润滑油使用一段时间后，再向储油腔室（5）内添加润滑油，从而可以大大减少添加润滑油的次数，操作更便捷；
所述滚子（332）的两端小、中部大，且所述滚子（332）的两端均设置有锥面；所述滚道的两侧均设置有与所述滚子（332）的锥面相适配的斜面；所述容油槽（11）的两侧均设置有与所述滚子（332）的锥面相适配的斜面。
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