CN110668868A - High-efficiency biological fertilizer - Google Patents
High-efficiency biological fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110668868A CN110668868A CN201910995987.8A CN201910995987A CN110668868A CN 110668868 A CN110668868 A CN 110668868A CN 201910995987 A CN201910995987 A CN 201910995987A CN 110668868 A CN110668868 A CN 110668868A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of biological fertilizers and discloses a high-efficiency biological fertilizer which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of animal wastes, 5-10 parts of animal hair, 10-20 parts of calcium supplement powder, 10-20 parts of plant roots, stems and leaves, 20-40 parts of soil loosening auxiliary materials and 10-15 parts of microbial agents. The high-efficiency biological fertilizer has low cost, can improve the soil environment, improve the crop yield, has the effects of preventing insects and expelling parasites, and solves the problems of soil moisture retention, fertilizer retention capacity and permeability reduction caused by soil hardening, environmental pollution caused by crop residual chemical fertilizer, and harm to the health of people caused by crop residual pesticide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biological fertilizers, in particular to a high-efficiency biological fertilizer.
Background
A biological fertilizer in the narrow sense is a product which enables crops to obtain specific fertilizer effects through the life activities of microorganisms, is also called as an inoculant or a bacterial fertilizer, does not contain nutrient elements and cannot replace chemical fertilizers. The biological fertilizer is a product containing both nutrient elements required by crops and microbial bacteria, is a combination of organisms, organic matters and inorganic matters, and can replace chemical fertilizers to provide various nutrient elements required by the growth and development of the crops.
In the existing agricultural production, a large amount of chemical fertilizers including mixed fertilizers, compound fertilizers, ecological organic fertilizers and the like are used, after the chemical fertilizers are applied, the yield of agriculture is stably increased, but nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, potassium and the like are lost, so that non-point source pollution is aggravated. After the fertilizer is applied, the granular structure of soil is destroyed, soil hardening is caused, the water retention capacity, the fertilizer retention capacity and the permeability of the soil are reduced, the residual fertilizer is contained in crop plants, the environment is polluted, and the influence on human bodies and the environment is great. Meanwhile, diseases and insect pests are easily generated during the seedling stage of crops, and the use of the existing pesticide causes a biological enrichment phenomenon, so that people are harmful to health after eating the pesticide. Moreover, chemical fertilizers have expensive raw materials and high production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides the high-efficiency biological fertilizer which is capable of improving the soil environment, increasing the crop yield, has low cost and insect-preventing and expelling effects, and solves the problems of water retention, fertilizer retention capacity and permeability reduction of soil caused by soil hardening, environmental pollution caused by residual chemical fertilizer of crops, and harm to human health caused by residual pesticide of crops.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the efficient biological fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of animal wastes, 5-10 parts of animal hair, 10-20 parts of calcium supplement powder, 10-20 parts of plant roots, stems and leaves, 20-40 parts of soil loosening auxiliary materials and 10-15 parts of microbial agents.
In one embodiment, the animal waste comprises at least one of chicken manure, pig manure, chicken manure, cattle manure, duck manure, goose manure, sheep manure, and rabbit manure.
In one embodiment, the animal hair comprises at least one of pig, chicken, cattle, duck, goose, wool, and rabbit hair.
In one embodiment, the calcium supplement powder comprises at least one of shell powder, fishbone powder, egg shell powder, pig bone powder, bovine bone powder and sheep bone powder.
In one embodiment, the plant root, stem and leaf comprises at least one of potato stem and leaf, citrus root, stem and leaf, calendula root, stem and leaf, gardenia root, stem and leaf, mulberry leaf, mint root, stem and leaf, lotus leaf, dandelion root, stem and leaf, and coptis root, stem and leaf.
In one embodiment, the soil loosening auxiliary material comprises at least one of mushroom residue, rice chaff, wood chips and activated carbon.
In one embodiment, the microbial agent comprises thermophilic anaerobic bacteria, thermophilic aerobic bacteria, normal temperature aerobic bacteria, composite phytic acid, phytase and a surfactant, and the mass ratio of the thermophilic anaerobic bacteria, the thermophilic aerobic bacteria, the normal temperature aerobic bacteria, the composite phytic acid, the phytase and the surfactant is (2-5): (2-5): (10-20): (40-60): (1-5): (0.1 to 1).
In one embodiment, the compound phytic acid comprises dandelion phytic acid, coptis phytic acid and mint phytic acid, and the mass ratio of the dandelion phytic acid to the coptis phytic acid to the mint phytic acid is (1-3): (1-3): (1-3).
In one embodiment, the surfactant comprises at least one of sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium cetyl sulfate, sodium stearyl sulfate, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
In one embodiment, the thermophilic aerobic bacteria comprise bacillus stearothermophilus and thermus thermophilus, and the mass ratio of the bacillus stearothermophilus to the thermus thermophilus is (1-3): (1-3); or the normal-temperature aerobic bacteria comprise Aspergillus niger FMJ1, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum, and the mass ratio of the Aspergillus niger FMJ1 to the Bacillus subtilis to the Lactobacillus plantarum is (3-5): (1-3): (1-3).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following advantages:
the high-efficiency biological fertilizer contains animal wastes, animal hair, calcium supplement powder, plant roots, stems, leaves, soil loosening auxiliary materials and microbial agents, is safe and non-toxic, is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, zinc and other trace elements and organic substances through scientific proportioning of the raw materials, can improve physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil, activate the soil, increase the fertility, improve the soil hardening problem, has the effects of preventing insects and expelling parasites, can reduce plant diseases and insect pests, improve the crop yield, and solves the problems of soil water retention, fertilizer retention capacity and permeability reduction caused by soil hardening, crop residual fertilizer pollution to the environment, and harm to human health caused by crop residual pesticides. Meanwhile, the raw materials of animal wastes, animal hair, calcium supplement powder, plant roots, stems and leaves and soil loosening auxiliary materials are mainly selected, so that the cost is almost zero, and the cost of the efficient biological fertilizer is greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a method for preparing a high-efficiency biological fertilizer according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
One embodiment provides a high-efficiency biological fertilizer which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of animal wastes, 5-10 parts of animal hair, 10-20 parts of calcium supplement powder, 10-20 parts of plant roots, stems and leaves, 20-40 parts of soil loosening auxiliary materials and 10-15 parts of microbial agents.
The high-efficiency biological fertilizer contains animal wastes, animal hair, calcium supplement powder, plant roots, stems and leaves, soil loosening auxiliary materials and microbial agents, is safe and non-toxic, is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, zinc and other trace elements and organic substances through scientific proportioning of the raw materials, can improve physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil, activate the soil, increase the soil fertility, improve the soil hardening problem, has the effects of preventing insects and expelling parasites, can reduce plant diseases and insect pests, improve the crop yield, and solves the problems of water retention, fertilizer retention capacity and permeability reduction of soil caused by soil hardening, environmental pollution caused by residual fertilizer of crops and harm to human health caused by residual pesticide of crops. Meanwhile, the raw materials of animal wastes, animal hair, calcium supplement powder, plant roots, stems and leaves and soil loosening auxiliary materials are mainly selected, so that the cost is almost zero, and the cost of the efficient biological fertilizer is greatly reduced.
In order to further improve the soil environment, increase the crop yield, reduce the cost and improve the insect prevention and expelling efficacy, one embodiment of the high-efficiency biological fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65-75 parts of animal wastes, 6-8 parts of animal hair, 12-18 parts of calcium supplement powder, 12-18 parts of plant roots, stems and leaves, 25-35 parts of soil loosening auxiliary materials and 12-14 parts of microbial agents.
In order to further improve the soil environment, increase the crop yield, reduce the cost and improve the insect prevention and expelling efficacy, one embodiment of the high-efficiency biological fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of animal wastes, 7 parts of animal hair, 16 parts of calcium supplement powder, 16 parts of plant roots, stems and leaves, 30 parts of soil loosening auxiliary materials and 13 parts of microbial agents.
In one embodiment, the animal waste comprises at least one of chicken manure, pig manure, chicken manure, cow manure, duck manure, goose manure, sheep manure, and rabbit manure. For example, the animal manure includes chicken manure, pig manure, chicken manure, cow manure, duck manure, goose manure, sheep manure, and rabbit manure. For example, the animal manure includes chicken manure, pig manure, chicken manure, cow manure, duck manure, goose manure, sheep manure, or rabbit manure. For example, the animal manure comprises chicken manure.
It should be noted that other known animal waste types may be used in addition to the animal waste types listed above. The animal waste is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and other trace elements and organic substances, and can improve the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil, activate the soil, increase the soil fertility, promote the growth of crops and increase the yield of the crops. For example, the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc in chicken manure are about 1.63%, 1.54%, 0.85% and 0.46%, respectively, and the organic fertilizer is relatively high-quality organic fertilizer and is extremely low in price.
In one embodiment, the animal hair comprises at least one of pig, chicken, cow, duck, goose, wool, and rabbit hair. For example, the animal hair includes pig, chicken, cow, duck, goose, wool, and rabbit hair. For example, the animal hair includes pig hair, chicken hair, cow hair, duck hair, goose hair, and rabbit hair. For example, the animal hair comprises chicken feather.
It should be noted that other known animal hair types may be used in addition to the above-listed animal hair types. Animal hair is a high-quality protein raw material, is extremely low in price, can generate a large amount of amino acid after being thoroughly decomposed, can improve the soil environment and improve the crop yield, and the physical property of the animal hair can gradually make the soil fluffy, so that the problems of water retention, fertilizer retention capability and permeability reduction of the soil caused by soil hardening are solved.
In one embodiment, the calcium supplement powder comprises at least one of shell powder, fish bone powder, egg shell powder, pig bone powder, cattle bone powder and sheep bone powder. For example, the calcium supplement powder includes shell powder, fish bone powder, egg shell powder, pig bone powder, cattle bone powder and sheep bone powder. For example, the calcium supplement powder comprises shell powder, fish bone powder, egg shell powder, pig bone powder, bovine bone powder or sheep bone powder. For example, the calcium supplement powder comprises shell powder.
It should be noted that other known animal bone meal types may be used in addition to the above-listed animal bone meal types. The shell powder contains 95% of calcium carbonate, chitin, and small amount of amino acids and polysaccharide. The animal bone powder contains calcium 23%, phosphorus 10% and 14.5%. The shell powder and the animal bone powder are high-quality calcium raw materials, the price is low, the physical properties of the shell powder and the animal bone powder enable soil to become fluffy gradually, and the problems of water retention, fertilizer retention capability and permeability reduction of the soil caused by soil hardening are solved.
In one embodiment, the plant root, stem and leaf comprises at least one of potato stem and leaf, citrus root, stem and leaf, calendula root, stem and leaf, gardenia root, stem and leaf, mulberry leaf, mint root, stem and leaf, lotus leaf, dandelion root, stem and leaf, and coptis root, stem and leaf. For example, the plant root, stem and leaf include potato stem and leaf, citrus root, stem and leaf, calendula root, stem and leaf, gardenia root, stem and leaf, mulberry leaf, mint root, stem and leaf, lotus leaf, dandelion root, stem and leaf, and coptis root. For example, the plant root, stem and leaf include potato stem and leaf, citrus root, stem and leaf, calendula root, stem and leaf, gardenia root, stem and leaf, mulberry leaf, mint root, stem and leaf, lotus leaf, dandelion root, stem and leaf, or coptis root. For example, the plant root, stem and leaf include mulberry leaf root, stem and leaf, peppermint root, dandelion root, stem and leaf, and coptis root, stem and leaf.
It is characterized by that the plant root, stem and leaf are rich in carbon, hydrogen and oxygen elements and trace elements of calcium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc, etc., and can improve the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil, activate soil, increase soil fertility, promote growth of crops and raise yield of crops. The plant roots, stems and leaves are extremely low in price, and the physical properties of the plant roots, stems and leaves enable soil to become fluffy gradually, so that the problems of water retention, fertilizer retention and permeability reduction of the soil caused by soil hardening are solved. Especially, the chemical and biological characteristics and the special smell of mulberry leaf root, stem and leaf, mint root, stem and leaf, dandelion root, stem and leaf and coptis root, can effectively improve the resistance of crops to diseases and insect pests and can effectively expel insects.
In one embodiment, the soil loosening auxiliary material comprises at least one of mushroom residue, rice chaff, wood chips and activated carbon. For example, the soil loosening auxiliary materials comprise mushroom residues, rice chaff, wood chips and activated carbon. For example, the soil loosening auxiliary material comprises mushroom residues, rice chaff, wood chips or activated carbon. For example, the soil loosening auxiliary material comprises activated carbon.
The soil loosening auxiliary material is rich in various elements and organic matters, is low in price, and can gradually loosen soil through physical properties, so that the problem of reduction of water retention, fertilizer retention capacity and permeability of the soil caused by soil hardening is solved. For example, activated carbon contains carbon as a main component and a small amount of oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, nitrogen, chlorine, and the like.
In one embodiment, the microbial agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of thermophilic anaerobic bacteria, 2-5 parts of thermophilic aerobic bacteria, 10-20 parts of normal temperature aerobic bacteria, 40-60 parts of composite phytic acid, 1-5 parts of phytase and 0.1-1 part of surfactant.
The microbial agent is prepared from thermophilic anaerobic bacteria, thermophilic aerobic bacteria and normal-temperature aerobic bacteria, so that the fermentation conditions of the biological fertilizer are wider, namely a high-temperature anaerobic condition, a high-temperature aerobic environment and a normal-temperature aerobic environment, the biological fertilizer can be thoroughly decomposed at high temperature, particularly parasites and eggs thereof and infectious germs which are commonly existing in animal excrement can be thoroughly inactivated in the high-temperature decomposition process, and the problem that the parasites and the eggs thereof and the infectious germs which are commonly existing in the animal excrement pollute soil is solved. The normal-temperature aerobic bacteria contain various strains which can play an antagonistic role on the salmonella, and the composite phytic acid can destroy the integrity of salmonella cell membranes, increase the cell permeability, cause the bacterial cytoplasm to seep outwards and further cause the cell to die. Through the synergistic effect of the normal-temperature aerobic bacteria and the composite phytic acid, after entering the soil along with the biological fertilizer, the salmonella in the soil environment can be inhibited or killed, the polluted soil is repaired, the survival quantity of the salmonella in the soil environment is reduced, and the problems of food pollution and water source pollution caused by salmonella pollution in the soil are solved. Meanwhile, the normal-temperature aerobic bacteria contain various phosphate-solubilizing nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and can effectively release the original organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus in the soil and improve the content of the available phosphorus through the synergistic promotion effect between the normal-temperature aerobic bacteria and the phytase, so that the usage amount of a chemical phosphate fertilizer can be effectively reduced, the chemical phosphate fertilizer can be completely replaced, and the planting benefit can be improved.
In order to further improve the decomposition rate of the microbial agent on biological fertilizers, the inactivation effect on parasites and eggs thereof and infectious germs, the inhibition or killing effect on salmonella and the phosphorus and nitrogen dissolving and fixing effect, the microbial agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.5 to 4.5 parts of thermophilic anaerobic bacteria, 2.5 to 4.5 parts of thermophilic aerobic bacteria, 12 to 18 parts of normal temperature aerobic bacteria, 45 to 55 parts of composite phytic acid, 2 to 4 parts of phytase and 0.3 to 0.7 part of surfactant.
In order to further improve the decomposition rate of the microbial agent on biological fertilizers, the inactivation effect on parasites and eggs thereof and infectious germs, the inhibition or killing effect on salmonella and the phosphorus and nitrogen dissolving and fixing effect, the microbial agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3.5 parts of thermophilic anaerobic bacteria, 3.5 parts of thermophilic aerobic bacteria, 15 parts of normal temperature aerobic bacteria, 50 parts of composite phytic acid, 3 parts of phytase and 0.5 part of surfactant.
In one embodiment, the compound phytic acid comprises dandelion phytic acid, coptis phytic acid and mint phytic acid. The weight ratio of the dandelion phytic acid to the coptis phytic acid to the mint phytic acid is (1-3): (1-3): (1-3).
The dandelion phytic acid, the coptis phytic acid and the mint phytic acid can destroy the integrity of salmonella cell membranes, increase cell permeability, enable the cell membranes to be wrinkled and even cracked, cause bacterial cytoplasm to exosmose and further enable the cells to die.
In one embodiment, the surfactant comprises at least one of sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium cetyl sulfate, sodium stearyl sulfate, sodium dioctyl succinate, and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. For example, the surfactants include sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium cetyl sulfate, sodium stearyl sulfate, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. For example, the surfactant includes sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium cetyl sulfate, sodium stearyl sulfate, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, or sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
It should be noted that in the aqueous solution formed by the microbial agent, a large amount of microbial bacteria can be settled and aggregated together, the surfactant has fixed hydrophilic and lipophilic groups, can be directionally arranged on the surface of the solution, can obviously reduce the surface tension, can uniformly distribute the microbial bacteria in the aqueous solution, and can uniformly distribute various microbial bacteria.
In one embodiment, the thermophilic anaerobic bacterium is Thermomyces streptaticus.
It should be noted that, under the condition of high temperature and no oxygen, the strept high temperature cocci grow and multiply rapidly to produce acetic acid, isobutyric acid and other organic acids, so that the biological fertilizer can achieve full maturity more rapidly, especially the parasites and their eggs and infectious germs existing commonly in animal wastes can be inactivated thoroughly in the high temperature maturity process, and the problem that the parasites and their eggs and infectious germs existing commonly in animal wastes can pollute soil is solved. The growth of the salmonella is greatly inhibited under the high-temperature and anaerobic condition, and the salmonella in the biological fertilizer can be effectively inhibited by the antagonism of the stewartia high-temperature cocci on the salmonella.
In one embodiment, the thermophilic aerobic bacteria include bacillus stearothermophilus and thermus thermophilus, and the mass ratio of the bacillus stearothermophilus to the thermus thermophilus is (1-3): (1-3).
It is to be noted that under the condition of high temperature and oxygen, the bacillus stearothermophilus and the thermus thermophilus grow and propagate rapidly, the bacillus stearothermophilus produces the temperature-resistant galactomannanase and amylase, and the thermus thermophilus produces the aspartokinase, so that the biological fertilizer can be thoroughly decomposed more rapidly, particularly parasites and eggs thereof and infectious germs which are ubiquitous in animal wastes can be inactivated thoroughly in the high-temperature decomposition process, and the problem that the parasites and the eggs thereof and the infectious germs which are ubiquitous in the animal wastes pollute the soil is solved. Under the condition of high temperature and oxygen, the growth of the salmonella can be inhibited, and the synergistic antagonism of the bacillus stearothermophilus and the thermus thermophilus on the salmonella can effectively inhibit the salmonella in the biological fertilizer.
In one embodiment, the aerobic bacteria at normal temperature comprise aspergillus niger FMJ1, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus plantarum, and the mass ratio of the aspergillus niger FMJ1 to the bacillus subtilis to the lactobacillus plantarum is (3-5): (1-3): (1-3).
Under aerobic conditions at normal temperature, aspergillus niger FMJ1 produces protease, amylase, pectinase and the like, and organic acids such as citric acid, gluconic acid and the like; the bacillus subtilis has strong inhibition effect on harmful microorganism strains such as vibrios, escherichia coli, baculovirus and the like, and produces organic acids such as alpha-amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase and the like, lactic acid and the like; aspergillus niger FMJ1 and Bacillus subtilis both have strong phosphorus and nitrogen dissolving functions, and the synergistic effect of the two functions can effectively release the original organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus in soil and improve the content of available phosphorus. Meanwhile, the lactobacillus plantarum can produce a large amount of acetic acid, lactic acid and other organic acids, can degrade heavy metals, has a good inhibition effect on salmonella and other pathogenic bacteria, and especially has a strong inhibition effect on salmonella by lactobacillus plantarum ZS 2058. Therefore, after the normal-temperature aerobic bacteria enter the soil along with the biological fertilizer, the content of available phosphorus in the soil can be improved, and salmonella in the soil environment can be inhibited or killed.
In one embodiment, the aerobic bacteria at normal temperature further comprise trichoderma viride and bacillus thuringiensis, and the mass ratio of the yeast, the trichoderma viride, the bacillus thuringiensis and the aspergillus niger FMJ1 is (1-3): (1-3): (3-5).
The trichoderma viride can generate various enzyme systems with biological activity, such as cellulase, chitinase, xylanase and the like, has good degradation effect on fibers, has antagonism on other pathogenic bacteria, has important effect in plant pathological biological control, has dual effects of protection and treatment, and can effectively control soil-borne diseases. Bacillus thuringiensis can produce two major toxins, namely endotoxin and exotoxin, after pests eat the bacillus thuringiensis, under the action of alkaline digestive juice in intestinal tracts, the bacteria release the toxins, the pests are poisoned and stop eating, and finally the pests die due to hunger and blood and nerve poisoning. Therefore, the bacillus can be used as a microbial source low-toxicity insecticide for controlling pests such as orthoptera, coleoptera, diptera, hymenoptera, aphid and the like. Meanwhile, the trichoderma viride and bacillus thuringiensis have the effects of dissolving phosphorus and fixing nitrogen, and can effectively release the original organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus in soil and improve the content of available phosphorus.
In one embodiment, the aerobic bacteria at normal temperature further comprise pseudomonas fluorescens and arthrobacter L-1, and the mass ratio of the pseudomonas fluorescens, the arthrobacter L-1 and the aspergillus niger FMJ1 is (1-3): (1-3): (3-5).
The atrazine is a triazine herbicide widely used, and due to the long lasting period of the atrazine, the atrazine in the soil remains for a long time in the long-term use process, and the residues are easy to poison part of succeeding crops. The accession number of the 16SrRNA gene sequence of the arthrobacter L-1 in a GenBank database is FJ378034, and the arthrobacter L-1 has good degradation effect on atrazine. The pseudomonas fluorescens can not only degrade the atrazine, but also mineralize the atrazine. Under the coordination action of arthrobacter L-1 and pseudomonas fluorescens, the degradation effect on atrazine can be obviously improved. Meanwhile, the pseudomonas fluorescens also has the effects of dissolving phosphorus and fixing nitrogen, and can effectively release the original organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus in the soil and improve the content of available phosphorus.
In order to further improve the decomposition rate of the microbial agent on biological fertilizers, the inactivation effect on parasites and eggs thereof and infectious germs, the inhibition or killing effect on salmonella and the phosphorus and nitrogen dissolving and fixing effect, the normal-temperature aerobic bacteria further comprise rhizobia, pediococcus polysaccharose, rhizopus oryzae and sphingosine bacillus multivorus, and the mass ratio of the rhizobia, the pediococcus polysaccharose, the rhizopus oryzae, the sphingosine bacillus multivorus and the aspergillus niger FMJ1 is (1-3): (1-3): (1-3): (1-3): (3-5).
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing a high-efficiency bio-fertilizer includes the following steps:
s110, stirring animal wastes, animal hair, calcium supplement powder, plant roots, stems and leaves and soil loosening auxiliary materials to uniformly mix the raw materials to obtain a mixture to be fermented.
S120, stirring thermophilic anaerobic bacteria, thermophilic aerobic bacteria, normal temperature aerobic bacteria, a surfactant, composite phytic acid and phytase to uniformly mix the raw materials to obtain the microbial agent.
S130, spraying the microbial agent on the mixture to be fermented, and performing anaerobic fermentation operation at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ to obtain a primary fermented product.
S140, carrying out aerobic fermentation operation on the primary fermentation product at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ to obtain a secondary fermentation product.
S150, carrying out aerobic fermentation operation on the secondary fermentation product at normal temperature to obtain a tertiary fermentation product.
It is noted that the preparation method of the high-efficiency biological fertilizer comprises three different effective fermentations, wherein the first effective fermentation is carried out on the mixture to be fermented under the high-temperature anaerobic condition by thermophilic anaerobic bacteria, the second effective fermentation is carried out on the mixture to be fermented under the high-temperature aerobic condition by thermophilic aerobic bacteria, the third effective fermentation is carried out on the mixture to be fermented under the normal-temperature aerobic condition by normal-temperature aerobic bacteria, through three times of fermentation operations with different temperatures, different oxygen environments and different strains, the mixture to be fermented can be thoroughly decomposed more quickly, particularly, parasites, eggs and infectious germs which are commonly existing in animal excrement can be thoroughly inactivated in the high-temperature decomposition process, the problem that the parasites, the eggs and the infectious germs which are commonly existing in the animal excrement can pollute soil is solved, and particularly, pathogenic bacteria such as salmonella can be thoroughly inactivated. Meanwhile, the high-efficiency biological fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of the high-efficiency biological fertilizer has low cost and rich nutrition, can improve the soil environment, improve the crop yield, improve the insect prevention and expelling efficacy, and has good phosphorus dissolving and nitrogen fixing efficacy.
In order to further reduce the cost of the high-efficiency biological fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of the high-efficiency biological fertilizer, improve the maturity of the high-efficiency biological fertilizer, inactivate parasites, eggs and infectious germs thereof, improve the soil environment, increase the yield of crops, prevent insects and expel insects, and dissolve phosphorus and fix nitrogen, the mass ratio of the animal wastes, the animal hair, the calcium supplement powder, the plant roots, stems and leaves, the soil loosening auxiliary materials and the microbial agent is (60-80): (5-10): (10-20): (10-20): (20-40): (10-15); the thermophilic anaerobic bacteria, the thermophilic aerobic bacteria, the normal-temperature aerobic bacteria, the composite phytic acid, the phytase and the surfactant are in a mass ratio of (2-5): (2-5): (10-20): (40-60): (1-5): (0.1 to 1).
In one embodiment, the animal waste, the animal hair, the calcium supplement powder, the plant root, stem and leaf, and the supplementary material for loosening soil are further crushed before the operation of stirring the animal waste, the animal hair, the plant root, stem and leaf, and the supplementary material for loosening soil.
The animal hair, the plant root, stem and leaf and the soil loosening auxiliary material are large in size and hard in texture, and are difficult to digest by microbial bacteria, so that the animal hair, the plant root, stem and leaf and the soil loosening auxiliary material which are crushed are obtained through the crushing operation, are easier to digest by the microbial bacteria, and can improve the decomposition rate of the high-efficiency biological fertilizer.
In one embodiment, after the operation of obtaining the compound fermented fertilizer, the compound fermented fertilizer is further subjected to roller granulation operation, drying operation and screening operation in sequence to obtain the efficient biological fertilizer.
It should be noted that the temperature of the drying operation is not higher than 70 ℃ so as not to affect the activity of the microorganism bacteria in the high-efficiency biological fertilizer. For example, the temperature of the drying operation is 60 ℃ to 70 ℃. For example, the temperature of the drying operation is 20 ℃ to 40 ℃. The properties of the high-efficiency biological fertilizer after the roller granulation operation, the drying operation and the screening operation tend to be stable, and the high-efficiency biological fertilizer is easier to store and transport.
In one embodiment, before the operation of spraying the composite phytic acid and the phytase on the tertiary fermented product, water is added into dandelion, coptis chinensis and mint, the pH is adjusted to 1.5-2.5, and after stirring, filtering operation is performed to obtain primary filtrate and primary filter residue; and adjusting the pH value of the primary filtrate to 6-7, standing for 40-80 min, performing suction filtration to obtain secondary filtrate and precipitate, and performing water washing operation on the precipitate to obtain a crude product of calcium phytate.
It is noted that the composite phytic acid with lower purity, namely crude calcium phytate, can be obtained by the method. The first-stage filter residue can be used as dandelion root stem leaf, coptis root stem leaf and mint root stem leaf, namely plant root stem leaf, and can be applied to the high-efficiency biological fertilizer so as to further reduce the cost of the high-efficiency biological fertilizer and reduce the waste discharge and environmental pollution.
In order to further improve the purity of the prepared composite phytic acid, in one embodiment, after the operation of obtaining the crude calcium phytate, dilute hydrochloric acid is further added into the crude calcium phytate, and after the operation of stirring, the operation of filtering is performed to obtain a secondary filtrate and a secondary filter residue; and (4) passing the secondary filtrate through a cation exchange column to obtain a tertiary filtrate.
In order to further improve the purity of the prepared composite phytic acid, in one embodiment, after the operation of obtaining the tertiary filtrate, the tertiary filtrate is further subjected to a high-temperature concentration operation to obtain a calcium phytate thick liquid; and carrying out freeze drying operation on the calcium phytate thick liquid to obtain the composite phytic acid.
In one embodiment, the preparation method of the compound phytic acid comprises the following steps:
adding water into dandelion, coptis root and mint, adjusting the pH to 1.5-2.5, for example, adjusting the pH to 1.5, 2.0 or 2.5, stirring, and then filtering to obtain first-stage filtrate and first-stage filter residue; adjusting the pH of the primary filtrate to 6-7, for example, adjusting the pH of the primary filtrate to 6.0, 6.5 or 7.0, standing for 40-80 min, then performing suction filtration, for example, standing for 40-60 min or 80min, then performing suction filtration to obtain a secondary filtrate and a precipitate, and performing water washing on the precipitate to obtain a crude product of calcium phytate; wherein the mass ratio of the total mass of the dandelion, the coptis chinensis and the mint to the water is 1 (10-15), for example, the mass ratio of the total mass of the dandelion, the coptis chinensis and the mint to the water is 1:10, 1:12 or 1: 15.
Adding water and dilute hydrochloric acid into the crude calcium phytate, stirring, and filtering to obtain a secondary filtrate and a secondary filter residue; passing the second-stage filtrate through a cation exchange column to obtain a third-stage filtrate; wherein the mass ratio of the crude calcium phytate to the diluted hydrochloric acid to the water is 1:1 (0.3-0.5), for example, the mass ratio of the crude calcium phytate to the diluted hydrochloric acid to the water is 1:1:0.3, 1:1:0.4 or 1:1: 0.5.
Performing high-temperature concentration operation on the third-stage filtrate at the temperature of 70-80 ℃, for example, at the temperature of 70 ℃, 75 ℃ or 80 ℃ to obtain calcium phytate thick liquid; the phytic acid is obtained by freeze-drying the calcium phytate thick liquid at the temperature of-2 ℃ to-6 ℃, for example, at the temperature of-2 ℃, 4 ℃ or-6 ℃.
It should be noted that, if the temperature of the high-temperature concentration operation is lower than 70 ℃, the high-temperature concentration time is too long; if the temperature of the high-temperature concentration operation is higher than 80 ℃, the composite phytic acid is changed in quality; therefore, the temperature for the high-temperature concentration operation is preferably 70 to 80 ℃. If the temperature of the freeze drying operation is lower than-6 ℃, the composite phytic acid can be changed in quality; if the temperature of the freeze drying operation is higher than-2 ℃, the freeze drying time is too long; therefore, the temperature of the freeze-drying operation is preferably from-2 ℃ to-6 ℃. The compound phytic acid prepared by the operation is tested by a high performance liquid chromatography, and the purity of the compound phytic acid obtained by the test is in the range of 88-90 percent, and the highest purity is 89.74 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following advantages:
the high-efficiency biological fertilizer contains animal wastes, animal hair, calcium supplement powder, plant roots, stems, leaves, soil loosening auxiliary materials and microbial agents, is safe and non-toxic, is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, zinc and other trace elements and organic substances through scientific proportioning of the raw materials, can improve physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil, activate the soil, increase the fertility, improve the soil hardening problem, has the effects of preventing insects and expelling parasites, can reduce plant diseases and insect pests, improve the crop yield, and solves the problems of soil water retention, fertilizer retention capacity and permeability reduction caused by soil hardening, crop residual fertilizer pollution to the environment, and harm to human health caused by crop residual pesticides. Meanwhile, the raw materials of animal wastes, animal hair, calcium supplement powder, plant roots, stems and leaves and soil loosening auxiliary materials are mainly selected, so that the cost is almost zero, and the cost of the efficient biological fertilizer is greatly reduced.
The following is an example section
Example 1
S111, stirring 60kg of chicken manure, 10kg of chicken feather, 8kg of shell powder, 2kg of eggshell powder, 5kg of mulberry leaf root, stem and leaf, 5kg of mint root, stem and leaf, 5kg of dandelion root, stem and leaf, 5kg of coptis root, stem and leaf, 10kg of mushroom grinding residue and 10kg of rice chaff to uniformly mix the raw materials to obtain a mixture to be fermented.
S121, stirring 5kg of Thermococcus steptelotis, 1.5kg of Bacillus stearothermophilus, 0.5kg of Thermus thermophilus, 3kg of Aspergillus niger FMJ1, 3kg of Bacillus subtilis, 3kg of Lactobacillus plantarum, 2kg of Trichoderma viride, 3kg of Bacillus thuringiensis, 3kg of Pseudomonas fluorescens, 3kg of Arthrobacter L-1, 0.1kg of sodium cetyl sulfate, 12kg of dandelion phytic acid, 36kg of coptis phytic acid, 12kg of mint phytic acid and 1kg of phytase to uniformly mix the raw materials to obtain the microbial agent.
S131, spraying 15kg of the microbial agent on 120kg of the mixture to be fermented, and performing anaerobic fermentation operation at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a primary fermented product.
S141, carrying out aerobic fermentation operation on the primary fermentation product at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a secondary fermentation product.
And S151, carrying out aerobic fermentation operation on the secondary fermentation product at normal temperature to obtain a tertiary fermentation product.
And S161, sequentially carrying out roller granulation operation, drying operation and screening operation on the third-level fermentation product to obtain the high-efficiency biological fertilizer.
Example 2
S112, stirring 80kg of sheep manure, 5kg of wool, 10kg of sheep bone meal, 10kg of fishbone meal, 6kg of potato root, stem and leaf, 4kg of citrus root, stem and leaf, 20kg of wood chip and 20kg of activated carbon to uniformly mix the raw materials to obtain a mixture to be fermented.
S122, 2kg of Thermococcus steptelotis, 1.25kg of Bacillus stearothermophilus, 3.75kg of Thermus thermophilus, 4.5kg of Aspergillus niger FMJ1, 0.9kg of Bacillus subtilis, 0.9kg of Lactobacillus plantarum, 0.9kg of Trichoderma viride, 0.9kg of Bacillus thuringiensis, 0.9kg of Pseudomonas fluorescens, 0.9kg of Arthrobacter L-1, 1kg of sodium lauryl sulfate, 24kg of dandelion phytic acid, 8kg of coptis phytic acid, 8kg of mint phytic acid and 5kg of phytase are stirred to uniformly mix the raw materials to obtain the microbial agent.
S132, spraying 10kg of the microbial agent on 155kg of the mixture to be fermented, and performing anaerobic fermentation operation at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain a primary fermented product.
S142, carrying out aerobic fermentation operation on the primary fermentation product at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain a secondary fermentation product.
S152, carrying out aerobic fermentation operation on the secondary fermentation product at normal temperature to obtain a tertiary fermentation product.
And S162, sequentially carrying out roller granulation operation, drying operation and screening operation on the third-level fermentation product to obtain the high-efficiency biological fertilizer.
Example 3
S113, stirring 35kg of duck manure, 35kg of goose manure, 3.5kg of duck feather, 3.5kg of goose feather, 5kg of fishbone powder, 10kg of eggshell powder, 3kg of potato root and stem leaves, 3kg of citrus root and stem leaves, 3kg of calendula root and stem leaves, 3kg of gardenia root and stem leaves, 3kg of lotus leaf stem leaves, 5kg of mushroom grinding residues, 10kg of rice chaff, 10kg of wood chips and 5kg of activated carbon to uniformly mix the raw materials to obtain a mixture to be fermented.
S123, 3.5kg of Thermococcus steptelotis, 1.75kg of Bacillus stearothermophilus, 1.75kg of Thermus thermophilus, 3kg of Aspergillus niger FMJ1, 2kg of Bacillus subtilis, 2kg of Lactobacillus plantarum, 2kg of Trichoderma viride, 2kg of Bacillus thuringiensis, 2kg of Pseudomonas fluorescens, 2kg of Arthrobacter L-1, 0.5kg of sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, 16kg of dandelion phytic acid, 16kg of coptis phytic acid, 18kg of mint phytic acid and 3kg of phytase are stirred to uniformly mix the raw materials to obtain the microbial agent.
S133, spraying 13kg of the microbial agent on 137kg of the mixture to be fermented, and performing anaerobic fermentation operation at 65 ℃ to obtain a primary fermented product.
S143, carrying out aerobic fermentation operation on the primary fermentation product at the temperature of 65 ℃ to obtain a secondary fermentation product.
S153, carrying out aerobic fermentation operation on the secondary fermentation product at normal temperature to obtain a tertiary fermentation product.
And S163, sequentially carrying out roller granulation operation, drying operation and screening operation on the third-level fermentation product to obtain the high-efficiency biological fertilizer.
Example 4
S114, stirring 70kg of rabbit manure, 7kg of rabbit hair, 5kg of shell powder, 10kg of eggshell powder, 3kg of potato root, stem and leaf, 3kg of coptis root, stem and leaf, 3kg of mulberry leaf, mint root, stem and leaf, 3kg of dandelion root, stem and leaf, 5kg of mushroom grinding residue, 10kg of rice chaff and 15kg of activated carbon to uniformly mix the raw materials to obtain a mixture to be fermented.
S124, 3.5kg of Thermococcus steptelotis, 1.75kg of Bacillus stearothermophilus, 1.75kg of Thermus thermophilus, 3.8kg of Aspergillus niger FMJ1, 1.2kg of Bacillus subtilis, 1.2kg of Lactobacillus plantarum, 1.2kg of Trichoderma viride, 1.2kg of Bacillus thuringiensis, 1.2kg of Pseudomonas fluorescens, 1.2kg of Arthrobacter L-1, 1.2kg of Rhizobium, 1.2kg of Pediococcus polysaccharomyces, 1.2kg of Rhizopus oryzae, 1.2kg of Sphingobacterium multivorum, 0.5kg of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 10kg of dandelion phytic acid, 10kg of rhizoma coptidis, 30kg of mint phytic acid and 3kg of phytase are stirred to uniformly mix the raw materials to obtain the microbial agent.
S134, spraying 13kg of the microbial agent on 137kg of the mixture to be fermented, and performing anaerobic fermentation operation at 65 ℃ to obtain a primary fermented product.
S144, carrying out aerobic fermentation operation on the primary fermentation product at the temperature of 65 ℃ to obtain a secondary fermentation product.
And S154, carrying out aerobic fermentation operation on the secondary fermentation product at normal temperature to obtain a tertiary fermentation product.
And S164, sequentially performing roller granulation operation, drying operation and screening operation on the third-level fermentation product to obtain the high-efficiency biological fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
60kg of chicken manure, 10kg of chicken feather, 8kg of shell powder, 2kg of eggshell powder, 5kg of mulberry leaf root, stem and leaf, 5kg of mint root, stem and leaf, 5kg of dandelion root, stem and leaf, 5kg of coptis root, stem and leaf, 10kg of mushroom grinding residue and 10kg of rice chaff are stirred to uniformly mix the raw materials to obtain a mixture to be fermented.
And (3) carrying out anaerobic fermentation operation on the mixture to be fermented at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a primary fermented product.
And carrying out aerobic fermentation operation on the primary fermentation product at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a secondary fermentation product.
And carrying out aerobic fermentation operation on the secondary fermentation product at normal temperature to obtain a tertiary fermentation product.
And sequentially carrying out drum granulation operation, drying operation and screening operation on the third-level fermentation product to obtain the high-efficiency biological fertilizer.
Comparative example 2
And (5) purchasing common fertilizers on the market.
The following is the experimental part
Experiment one: soil in certain area is 15m2The square area of the area is used as an experimental area, 7 experimental areas are arranged in total, one of the experimental areas is used as a blank control, and the other 6 experimental areas are respectively 10g/m2Uniformly applying the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of example 1, the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of example 2, the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of example 3, the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of example 4, the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of comparative example 1 and the common fertilizer of comparative example 2, then effectively and uniformly mixing soil with the thickness of 5-10 cm on the surface layer, uniformly sowing 180g of rape seeds in each experimental area, watering and fertilizing at regular time, and respectively detecting the number of diseased plants and the pest growing condition of rape in each experimental area after sowing for 45 days, wherein the detection results are shown in table 1; and (3) harvesting all rapes, respectively detecting the yield of the rapes in each experimental area, respectively collecting soil samples in each experimental area, and detecting the content of available phosphorus in the soil samples by adopting an Olsen method, wherein the detection results are shown in a table 2.
Experiment two: soil in certain area is 15m2The square area of the area is used as an experimental area, and 7 experimental areas are arranged in total, wherein one experimental area is solidThe test area is used as blank control, and the other 6 test areas are 10g/m2The high-efficiency biological fertilizer of the example 1, the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of the example 2, the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of the example 3, the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of the example 4, the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of the comparative example 1 and the common fertilizer of the comparative example 2 are uniformly applied in the proportion, then soil with the thickness of 5cm to 10cm on the surface layer is effectively and uniformly mixed, atrazine is uniformly sprayed on each experimental area, the content of atrazine in the soil sample is detected after 15 days, and the detection result is shown in the table 2.
Experiment three: selecting soil polluted by salmonella at a ratio of 15m2The square area of the area is used as an experimental area, 7 experimental areas are arranged in total, one of the experimental areas is used as a blank control, and the other 6 experimental areas are respectively 10g/m2The high-efficiency biological fertilizer of example 1, the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of example 2, the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of example 3, the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of example 4, the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of comparative example 1 and the common fertilizer of comparative example 2 are uniformly applied in the proportion, then soil with the thickness of 5 cm-10 cm on the surface layer is effectively and uniformly mixed, a soil sample with the thickness of 5 cm-10 cm is collected after 40 days, the survival number of salmonella in the soil sample is detected by adopting a five-point sampling method, and the detection result is shown in table 2.
The experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 1
In the experimental area applying the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of the embodiment 1-4, the germination speed of the rape seeds is increased, the germination speed is increased by 4-5 days from the normal germination speed of 7 days, the germination speed is increased by 28.57% -42.86%, the growth vigor is better, and the plants are larger.
According to the table, in the experimental area applying the high-efficiency biological fertilizers of the embodiments 1 to 4, the incidence rate of the rapes is lower, the plants are healthier, and the inhibition effect of the high-efficiency biological fertilizers of the embodiments 1 to 4 on viruses is better. In the experimental area where the high-efficiency biofertilizers of examples 1 and 4 were applied, the number of the long insects of rape was small, and it was found that the high-efficiency biofertilizers of examples 1 and 4 had better insect-repelling effect.
TABLE 2
According to the table, the increase of available phosphorus is higher in the experimental area applying the high-efficiency biological fertilizers of the embodiments 1 to 4, and the improvement effect of the high-efficiency biological fertilizers of the embodiments 1 to 4 on the available phosphorus is better. In the experimental area where the high-efficiency biological fertilizers of examples 1 to 4 are applied, the survival amount of salmonella is less, and the inhibition or inactivation effect of the high-efficiency biological fertilizers of examples 1 to 4 on salmonella is better. In the experimental area where the high-efficiency biofertilizers of examples 1 to 4 were applied, the atrazine content was lower, and it was found that the high-efficiency biofertilizers of examples 1 to 4 had a better effect of degrading atrazine. In the experimental area where the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of the embodiments 1 to 4 is applied, the yield of the rape is higher, and it can be seen that the yield increasing effect of the high-efficiency biological fertilizer of the embodiments 1 to 4 on crops is better.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The efficient biological fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of animal wastes, 5-10 parts of animal hair, 10-20 parts of calcium supplement powder, 10-20 parts of plant roots, stems and leaves, 20-40 parts of soil loosening auxiliary materials and 10-15 parts of microbial agents.
2. The high-efficiency biological fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the animal manure comprises at least one of chicken manure, pig manure, chicken manure, cow manure, duck manure, goose manure, sheep manure and rabbit manure.
3. The efficient biological fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the animal hair comprises at least one of pig hair, chicken hair, cow hair, duck hair, goose hair, wool and rabbit hair.
4. The efficient biological fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calcium supplement powder comprises at least one of shell powder, fishbone powder, egg shell powder, pig bone powder, bovine bone powder and sheep bone powder.
5. The high-efficiency biological fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant root, stem and leaf comprises at least one of potato stem and leaf, citrus root, stem and leaf, calendula root, stem and leaf, gardenia root, stem and leaf, mulberry leaf root, stem and leaf, mint root, stem and leaf, lotus leaf stem and leaf, dandelion root, stem and leaf and coptis root.
6. The efficient biological fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil loosening auxiliary material comprises at least one of mushroom residue, rice chaff, wood chips and activated carbon.
7. The efficient biological fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the microbial agent comprises thermophilic anaerobic bacteria, thermophilic aerobic bacteria, normal temperature aerobic bacteria, composite phytic acid, phytase and a surfactant, and the mass ratio of the thermophilic anaerobic bacteria, the thermophilic aerobic bacteria, the normal temperature aerobic bacteria, the composite phytic acid, the phytase and the surfactant is (2-5): (2-5): (10-20): (40-60): (1-5): (0.1 to 1).
8. The efficient biological fertilizer as claimed in claim 7, wherein the compound phytic acid comprises dandelion phytic acid, coptis phytic acid and mint phytic acid, and the mass ratio of the dandelion phytic acid to the coptis phytic acid to the mint phytic acid is (1-3): (1-3): (1-3).
9. The high-efficiency biological fertilizer according to claim 7, wherein the surfactant comprises at least one of sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium cetyl sulfate, sodium stearyl sulfate, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
10. The efficient biological fertilizer according to claim 7, wherein the thermophilic aerobic bacteria comprise Bacillus stearothermophilus and Thermus thermophilus, and the mass ratio of the Bacillus stearothermophilus to the Thermus thermophilus is (1-3): (1-3); or the normal-temperature aerobic bacteria comprise Aspergillus niger FMJ1, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum, and the mass ratio of the Aspergillus niger FMJ1 to the Bacillus subtilis to the Lactobacillus plantarum is (3-5): (1-3): (1-3).
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