CN110667214A - 一种防水透气医用四面弹布 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防水透气医用四面弹布，包括基布、微孔膜层、亲水膜层和高弹力布表层，所述基布采用粘胶纤维和氨纶丝组成的包芯纱织造而成，所述微孔膜层是由抗菌聚氨酯材料制成，该微孔膜层为微细多孔结构，且该微孔膜层的微孔直径为0.2～6nm，所述亲水膜层是由具有亲水基团的聚氨酯材料制成，所述高弹力布表层是由涤纶丝和高弹力复合丝制成，所述基布、微孔膜层、亲水膜层和高弹力布表层通过热压工艺复合在一起。该四面弹布不仅具有较好的透气导湿性和抗菌性，而且具有较好的弹力和强度，作为绷带或防护带使用时，利于病情恢复。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织品技术领域，具体涉及一种防水透气医用四面弹布。
背景技术
随着现代纺织技术的发展，纺织品几乎伸入到人类生活的各个领域，医用纺织品作为纺织品的一个分支，是纺织技术和医学科学结合而成的新领域，是纺织品中创新性最强、科技含量最高的品种之一。医用领域对于纺织品的要求较高。当前医用纺织品已成为一种集纺织、医学、生物、高分子等多学科相互交叉并与高科技相融合的高附加值产品。
鉴于医用纺织品的特殊性，对医用纺织品的性能要求非常高。其最基本的要求是本身无毒无害，不会致癌，无不良刺激，不会引起过敏，也不会与人体组织或分泌液作用而产生有毒或有害物质，能经受常规的卫生消毒处理，在一定的热湿条件下能保持稳定的性能。对于与皮肤直接接触的医用纺织品，则要求其需具备良好的透气作用，同时也要具备良好的抗菌性。对于某些医用纺织品，例如医用绷带、医用防护带，还需要较好的弹力和强度。现有的绷带或防护带透气导湿性差，不具备抗菌性，长时间使用后，皮肤容易过敏，且由于闷热导致病情不易痊愈。另外，现有的绷带或防护带布，其弹力和强度不够，长时间使用后，无法保持正常的压力平衡，导致使用效果变差。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种防水透气医用四面弹布，该四面弹布不仅具有较好的透气导湿性和抗菌性，而且具有较好的弹力和强度，作为绷带或防护带使用时，利于病情恢复。
为实现上述技术目的，达到上述技术效果，本发明通过以下技术方案实现：一种防水透气医用四面弹布，包括基布、微孔膜层、亲水膜层和高弹力布表层，所述基布采用粘胶纤维和氨纶丝组成的包芯纱织造而成，所述微孔膜层是由抗菌聚氨酯材料制成，该微孔膜层为微细多孔结构，且该微孔膜层的微孔直径为0.2～6nm，所述亲水膜层是由具有亲水基团的聚氨酯材料制成的致密结构，所述高弹力布表层是由涤纶丝和高弹力复合丝制成，所述基布、微孔膜层、亲水膜层和高弹力布表层通过热压工艺复合在一起。
作为本发明上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述基布为纬编针织物。
作为本发明上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述基布经过纳米银分散液的浸渍抗菌处理。
进一步地，上述技术方案中，所述抗菌聚氨酯材料是利用壳聚糖和聚乙二醇对聚氨酯进行接枝改性制备而成。
进一步地，所述微孔膜层是利用微孔成膜液通过干法成膜工艺制得。
其中，所述微孔成膜液是由抗菌聚氨酯溶液和相对于抗菌聚氨酯溶液的质量分数为1％～5％的碳酸氢铵饱和溶液制成，所述抗菌聚氨酯溶液是利用抗菌聚氨酯材料溶解于DMF制成。
进一步地，所述亲水膜层是以具有亲水基团的聚氨酯材料为原料，通过熔喷法工艺制得。
进一步地，述高弹力布表层中的高弹力复合丝是由锦纶纤维和氨纶纤维混纺而成，该高弹力布表层是以涤纶丝为经纱，以高弹力复合丝为纬纱，经过梭织工艺编织而成。
本发明的有益效果是：
(1)本发明的基布采用以氨纶丝为芯纱且外包粘胶纤维的包芯纱通过纬编工艺制成，不仅具有较好的弹性，而且又具有比较好的吸湿性，与皮肤接触时，舒适性较好；而且，该基本经过抗菌整理，具有较好的抗菌性；
(2)本发明的微孔膜层由抗菌聚氨酯材料制成，其通过成膜工艺形成微细多孔结构，微孔直径为0.2～6nm，从而与皮肤接触时，水蒸气可以通过微孔向外扩散，具有很好的透气导湿作用，且由于微孔的孔径较小，水滴不能通过，因此该膜层又具有一定的防水效果；抗菌聚氨酯利用壳聚糖和聚乙二醇对聚氨酯进行接枝改性制备而成，从而提高了制成的微孔膜层的生物相容性、抗菌性和舒适性；
(3)本发明的亲水膜层为采用具有亲水基团的聚氨酯材料形成的一种致密无孔结构，其通过亲水基团捕获水蒸气分子，并通过压差作用和聚氨酯分子链的分子运动形成的瞬间空隙，将水蒸气分子导出，与微孔膜层配合，形成芯吸效果，提高透气导湿性；且由于该亲水膜层为致密结构，水滴不易通过，因而具有较好的防水效果；
(4)本发明的高弹力布表层通过涤纶、锦纶和氨纶制成，具有较高的强度、较好的耐磨性和高弹性，提高整个四面弹布的使用寿命，并在长时间使用后仍能保持较好的弹力，保证使用效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明防水透气医用四面弹布的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
实施例
如图1所示的本发明实施例的一种防水透气医用四面弹布，包括基布1、微孔膜层2、亲水膜层3和高弹力布表层4，所述基布1采用粘胶纤维和氨纶丝组成的包芯纱织造而成，所述微孔膜层是由抗菌聚氨酯材料制成，该微孔膜层2为微细多孔结构，且该微孔膜层2的微孔直径为0.2～6nm，所述亲水膜层3是由具有亲水基团的聚氨酯材料制成的致密无孔结构，所述高弹力布表层4是由涤纶丝和高弹力复合丝制成，所述基布1、微孔膜层2、亲水膜层3和高弹力布表层4通过热压工艺复合在一起。
其中，基布1是利用上述包芯纱通过纬编工艺织造而成。该基布1不仅具有较好的弹性，而且又具有比较好的吸湿性，与皮肤接触时，舒适性较好。
为了赋予基布1一定的抗菌功能，基布1织造完成后，将其浸入纳米银分散液中进行抗菌处理。
微孔膜层2中，抗菌聚氨酯材料是利用壳聚糖和聚乙二醇对聚氨酯进行接枝改性制备而成，从而提高了制成的微孔膜层的生物相容性、抗菌性和舒适性；
另外，该微孔膜层2是利用微孔成膜液通过干法成膜工艺制得；具体的，将抗菌聚氨酯材料溶解于一定量的DMF中，形成抗菌聚氨酯溶液；将碳酸氢铵与蒸馏水配成碳酸氢铵饱和溶液；将含有98％的抗菌聚氨酯溶液和2％的碳酸氢铵饱和溶液的微孔成膜液经过烘干，使溶剂蒸发，膜液硬化形成微孔膜。
上述微孔膜层2为微细多孔结构，微孔直径为0.2～6nm，从而与皮肤接触时，水蒸气可以通过微孔向外扩散，具有很好的透气导湿作用，且由于微孔的孔径较小，大直径的水滴则不能通过，因此该膜层又具有一定的防水效果。
其中，亲水膜层3是以具有亲水基团的聚氨酯材料为原料，通过熔喷法工艺制得。亲水膜层3为一种致密无孔结构，其通过亲水基团捕获水蒸气分子，聚氨酯分子链在湿热作用下，会产生分子热运动，从而形成瞬间空隙，在加上薄膜两侧水蒸气压差的作用，将水蒸气分子导出，亲水膜层3与微孔膜层2配合，又形成芯吸效果，提高透气导湿性；且由于亲水膜层为致密结构，水滴不易通过，因而具有较好的防水效果；
在高弹力布表层4中，高弹力复合丝是由锦纶纤维和氨纶纤维混纺而成，该高弹力布表层4则是以涤纶丝为经纱，以高弹力复合丝为纬纱，经过梭织工艺编织而成。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种防水透气医用四面弹布，其特征在于，包括基布、微孔膜层、亲水膜层和高弹力布表层，所述基布采用粘胶纤维和氨纶丝组成的包芯纱织造而成，所述微孔膜层是由抗菌聚氨酯材料制成，该微孔膜层为微细多孔结构，且该微孔膜层的微孔直径为0.2～6nm，所述亲水膜层是由具有亲水基团的聚氨酯材料制成的致密结构，所述高弹力布表层是由涤纶丝和高弹力复合丝制成，所述基布、微孔膜层、亲水膜层和高弹力布表层通过热压工艺复合在一起。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透气医用四面弹布，其特征在于，所述基布为纬编针织物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透气医用四面弹布，其特征在于，所述基布经过纳米银分散液的浸渍抗菌处理。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透气医用四面弹布，其特征在于，所述抗菌聚氨酯材料是利用壳聚糖和聚乙二醇对聚氨酯进行接枝改性制备而成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透气医用四面弹布，其特征在于，所述微孔膜层是利用微孔成膜液通过干法成膜工艺制得。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种防水透气医用四面弹布，其特征在于，所述微孔成膜液是由抗菌聚氨酯溶液和相对于抗菌聚氨酯溶液的质量分数为1％～5％的碳酸氢铵饱和溶液制成，所述抗菌聚氨酯溶液是利用抗菌聚氨酯材料溶解于DMF制成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透气医用四面弹布，其特征在于，所述亲水膜层是以具有亲水基团的聚氨酯材料为原料，通过熔喷法工艺制得。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水透气医用四面弹布，其特征在于，所述高弹力布表层中的高弹力复合丝是由锦纶纤维和氨纶纤维混纺而成，该高弹力布表层是以涤纶丝为经纱，以高弹力复合丝为纬纱，经过梭织工艺编织而成。
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