CN110663451A - Application of novel palm fiber culture medium in industrial cultivation of white needle mushrooms - Google Patents

Application of novel palm fiber culture medium in industrial cultivation of white needle mushrooms Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110663451A
CN110663451A CN201910869026.2A CN201910869026A CN110663451A CN 110663451 A CN110663451 A CN 110663451A CN 201910869026 A CN201910869026 A CN 201910869026A CN 110663451 A CN110663451 A CN 110663451A
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China
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parts
culture medium
palm
corncobs
cultivation
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余养朝
冯占
李贺文
李秋月
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JIANGSU HUALV BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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JIANGSU HUALV BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/20Culture media, e.g. compost
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an application of a novel palm silk culture medium in industrial cultivation of white needle mushrooms, relates to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of palm silk, 30-40 parts of corncobs, 20-30 parts of rice bran, 10-20 parts of bran, 3-4 parts of dry bean dregs, 3-4 parts of brewer's grains, 5-6 parts of soybean hulls, 2-3 parts of shell powder and 0.5-1 part of light calcium carbonate. According to the method, the palm fibers are added as part of raw materials of the needle mushroom culture medium to replace part of corncobs, so that the purposes of relieving shortage of the corncobs and finding a new resource utilization way of the palm fibers are achieved, and the problems that due to the fact that corn harvesting is influenced by seasonality and climatic reasons, the corncobs have hidden danger of shortage of goods, the supply is insufficient, the normal production of the needle mushrooms is influenced, and the corncobs capable of replacing the traditional formula of the needle mushrooms need to be found.

Description

Application of novel palm fiber culture medium in industrial cultivation of white needle mushrooms
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of edible mushroom culture, in particular to application of a novel palm fiber culture medium in industrial cultivation of white flammulina velutipes.
Background
As is known, corncob is a common raw material for edible fungus cultivation due to its good water absorption and particle size structure, and in recent years, the edible fungus industry is rapidly developing, and the market demand is very large. However, due to the seasonality of corn harvesting and climatic causes, corn cobs are mostly out of stock in months of 6 to 10 years each year. The method has the advantages that the moisture content of the corncobs is high and generally is more than 18%, the corncobs are heated and rancid from factories and cannot be used after long-distance transportation, the processing process cost for solving the problem of high moisture content of the corncobs is high, the raw material storage and processing of the corncobs are greatly influenced in the beginning of plum rain season and the rainy season in summer in 6 months, the problem that the corncobs mildew after rain is caused seriously is solved, the supply amount of the corncobs is greatly reduced, and the requirement for the corncobs during cultivation of flammulina velutipes cannot be met.
Palm is originally produced in China, is a common tree in tropical regions and grows all the year round. Palm oil is one of three major vegetable oils in the world, and the demand is large, so the yield is relatively stable. Palm silk is a byproduct after palm fruit is deoiled, and is mainly used in the paper industry at present. The water absorption rate is good, the volume weight is light, and the corncob can be used instead of the corncob in the traditional formula of the flammulina velutipes. Meanwhile, the utilization rate of resources can be improved, the method has great significance for promoting the virtuous circle of ecology, in order to relieve the normal production of corncobs in a shortage state, promote the palm fibers to open up a new raw material for the flammulina velutipes culture medium, and find a new resource utilization way for solving the environmental pollution caused by the palm fibers, the application of the novel palm fiber culture medium in the industrial cultivation of the white flammulina velutipes is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the application of a novel palm silk culture medium in the industrial cultivation of white flammulina velutipes, and solves the problems that due to the influence of seasonality and climatic reasons on corn harvesting, the corncobs have hidden goods shortage risks, the supply is insufficient, the normal production of the flammulina velutipes is influenced, and the corncobs which can replace the traditional formula of the flammulina velutipes need to be used.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the application of a novel palm fiber culture medium in the industrial cultivation of white needle mushrooms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of palm silk, 30-40 parts of corncobs, 20-30 parts of rice bran, 10-20 parts of bran, 3-4 parts of dry bean dregs, 3-4 parts of brewer's grains, 5-6 parts of soybean hulls, 2-3 parts of shell powder and 0.5-1 part of light calcium carbonate.
Preferably, the water content of the culture medium is 67-69%, and the pH value is 6.2-6.8.
Preferably, the palm filaments are compressed particles, the water content is lower than 15%, and the pH value is 6-7.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides application of a novel palm fiber culture medium in industrial cultivation of white needle mushrooms, which has the following beneficial effects:
the invention uses the palm fiber as partial raw material of the needle mushroom culture medium to replace partial corncob, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the supply of the palm shreds is relatively stable, the market has no short peak season, the market vacancy of the corncobs in 7 to 10 months can be made up, and the normal production problem of the flammulina velutipes in the shortage state of the corncobs is relieved; the palm fibers have the characteristics of light volume weight, high water absorption, good water retention and support, good culture medium structure, strong air permeability and contribution to hypha extension; the palm fibers are low in nutrient content and slow in decomposition, the nutrient proportion of the culture medium is basically not influenced, chemical agents or disinfection products do not need to be added in the process of preparing the culture medium, and the requirement on food safety can be met; the palm shreds are compressed particles when being delivered, so that the storage is facilitated, the palm shreds can be automatically crushed according to the required particle size during production and use, the use is convenient, the normal production of the corncobs in a shortage state can be relieved, a new resource utilization way is found for solving the problem of environmental pollution caused by the palm shreds, and the problem that the corncobs are used for replacing the corncobs in the traditional formula of the flammulina velutipes due to seasonal and climatic reasons of corn harvest is solved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: the application of the novel palm fiber culture medium in the industrial cultivation of the white needle mushroom comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of palm silk, 30-40 parts of corncob, 20-30 parts of rice bran, 10-20 parts of bran, 3-4 parts of dry bean dregs, 3-4 parts of brewer's grains, 5-6 parts of soybean hulls, 2-3 parts of shell powder, 0.5-1 part of light calcium carbonate, relatively stable palm silk supply, no light and vigorous season in the market, capability of making up for the market vacancy of the corncob in 7-10 months, lighter palm silk volume weight of about 194g, high water absorption rate of 310%, good water retention and support, capability of ensuring a good culture medium structure, strong air permeability, favorable hypha elongation, low nutrient content of the palm silk, slow decomposition, no influence on the nutrient proportion of a culture medium, no need of adding a chemical preparation or a disinfection product in the preparation process of the culture medium, capability of ensuring the requirement of food safety, compressed particles of the palm silk when in shipment, not only be favorable to storing, can smash by oneself according to required granularity when the production uses moreover, convenient to use, novel palm silk culture medium includes the following step when using in the industrial cultivation domestic fungus:
s1, filling the novel palm fiber culture medium into a cultivation bottle, wherein the cultivation bottle is a polypropylene plastic cultivation bottle, and cooling to room temperature for later use after high-pressure steam sterilization.
S2, inoculating liquid strains into the cultivation bottles, wherein the inoculation amount of the liquid strains is 30-35 mL for each cultivation bottle, and culturing in a culture room at the temperature of 13-15 ℃ and the air humidity of 60-90% for 20-23 days.
S3, after the hyphae cultured in the step S2 overgrow the cultivation bottle, performing mycelium stimulation treatment, removing old hyphae on the material surface, forming mechanical stimulation, then moving the cultivation bottle to a growing room for bud promotion, wherein the bud promotion conditions are as follows: the temperature of room temperature is 15-16 ℃, the air humidity is 85% -95%, the carbon dioxide concentration is within the range of 3000-4000 ppm, and mushroom buds are covered on the surface of the material after 4-6 days.
S4, after the bud forcing is finished, performing photoinhibition and wind suppression on mushroom buds, controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide to be 3000-20000 ppm, performing gradient cooling to 4-5 ℃, wherein the gradient cooling is performed at a cooling rate of 2-4 ℃ every day, the illumination intensity of photoinhibition is 100lx, the blowing rate of wind suppression is 1-3 m/S, and the wind volume is 150m3And h, growing mushroom buds into mushroom buds.
And S5, when mushroom buds grow out of the bottle mouth in the step S4, the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased to more than 10000ppm, and the elongation of the stipe of the needle mushroom is promoted.
And S6, when the needle mushrooms grow to 15-16 cm, the needle mushrooms reach the harvesting height, and harvesting.
The method can be used for collecting the mushroom stems after 4-6 days, the material surface can be full of mushroom buds after 10-12 days, the mushroom buds can grow to the mouth of a cultivation bottle, the bottle mouth is wrapped with mushroom pieces after 16-17 days, the elongation of the mushroom stems is promoted, and the mushroom stems can be collected after about 26-28 days.
Example one
The invention provides a technical scheme that: the application of the novel palm fiber culture medium in the industrial cultivation of the white needle mushroom comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of palm shreds, 36 parts of corncobs, 28 parts of rice bran, 18 parts of bran, 3 parts of dry bean dregs, 3 parts of brewer's grains, 5 parts of soybean hulls, 3 parts of shell powder, 1 part of light calcium carbonate and relatively stable palm shreds, the market has no short and busy seasons, the market vacancy of 7-10 months of corncobs can be made up, the volume weight of the palm shreds is about 194g, the water absorption rate is up to 310 percent, the palm shreds have the advantages of good water retention and support, a good culture medium structure can be ensured, the air permeability is strong, the palm shreds are beneficial to elongation, the nutrient components of the palm shreds are low and slow to decompose, the nutrient proportion of a culture medium is basically not influenced, no chemical preparation or disinfection product is needed to be added in the process of preparing the culture medium, the food safety requirement can be ensured, the palm shreds are in compressed particles when being in goods, the palm shreds are not only beneficial to be stored, but also can be automatically crushed according to the, the use is convenient, and the novel palm silk culture medium comprises the following steps when applied to the industrial cultivation of edible fungi:
s1, filling the novel palm fiber culture medium into a cultivation bottle, wherein the cultivation bottle is a polypropylene plastic cultivation bottle, and cooling to room temperature for later use after high-pressure steam sterilization.
S2, inoculating liquid strains into the cultivation bottles, wherein the inoculation amount of the liquid strains is 30-35 mL for each cultivation bottle, and culturing in a culture room at the temperature of 13-15 ℃ and the air humidity of 60-90% for 20-23 days.
S3, after the hyphae cultured in the step S2 overgrow the cultivation bottle, performing mycelium stimulation treatment, removing old hyphae on the material surface, forming mechanical stimulation, then moving the cultivation bottle to a growing room for bud promotion, wherein the bud promotion conditions are as follows: the temperature of room temperature is 15-16 ℃, the air humidity is 85% -95%, the carbon dioxide concentration is within the range of 3000-4000 ppm, and mushroom buds are covered on the surface of the material after 4-6 days.
S4, after the bud forcing is finished, performing photoinhibition and wind suppression on mushroom buds, controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide to be 3000-20000 ppm, performing gradient cooling to 4-5 ℃, wherein the gradient cooling is performed at a cooling rate of 2-4 ℃ every day, the illumination intensity of photoinhibition is 100lx, the blowing rate of wind suppression is 1-3 m/S, and the wind volume is 150m3And h, growing mushroom buds into mushroom buds.
And S5, when mushroom buds grow out of the bottle mouth in the step S4, the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased to more than 10000ppm, and the elongation of the stipe of the needle mushroom is promoted.
And S6, when the needle mushrooms grow to 15-16 cm, the needle mushrooms reach the harvesting height, and harvesting.
The method can be used for collecting the mushroom stems after 4-6 days, the material surface can be full of mushroom buds after 10-12 days, the mushroom buds can grow to the mouth of a cultivation bottle, the bottle mouth is wrapped with mushroom pieces after 16-17 days, the elongation of the mushroom stems is promoted, and the mushroom stems can be collected after about 26-28 days.
Example two
The invention provides a technical scheme that: the application of the novel palm fiber culture medium in the industrial cultivation of the white needle mushroom comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3.5 parts of palm silk, 35.5 parts of corncob, 28 parts of rice bran, 18 parts of bran, 3 parts of dry bean dregs, 3 parts of brewer's grain, 5 parts of soybean hull, 3 parts of shell powder, 1 part of light calcium carbonate, relatively stable palm silk supply, no light and vigorous seasons in the market, capability of making up the market vacancy of the corncob in 7-10 months, lighter palm silk volume weight of about 194g, high water absorption rate of 310%, good water retention and support, capability of ensuring good culture medium structure, strong air permeability, capability of facilitating hypha elongation, lower nutrient content of the palm silk, slow decomposition, no influence on the nutrient proportion of a culture medium, no need of adding chemical agents or disinfection products in the process of preparing the culture medium, capability of ensuring the requirement of food safety, capability of automatically crushing the palm silk when the palm silk is in stock, capability of facilitating storage and capability of automatically crushing according to the required granularity during production and use, the use is convenient, and the novel palm silk culture medium comprises the following steps when applied to the industrial cultivation of edible fungi:
s1, filling the novel palm fiber culture medium into a cultivation bottle, wherein the cultivation bottle is a polypropylene plastic cultivation bottle, and cooling to room temperature for later use after high-pressure steam sterilization.
S2, inoculating liquid strains into the cultivation bottles, wherein the inoculation amount of the liquid strains is 30-35 mL for each cultivation bottle, and culturing in a culture room at the temperature of 13-15 ℃ and the air humidity of 60-90% for 20-23 days.
S3, after the hyphae cultured in the step S2 overgrow the cultivation bottle, performing mycelium stimulation treatment, removing old hyphae on the material surface, forming mechanical stimulation, then moving the cultivation bottle to a growing room for bud promotion, wherein the bud promotion conditions are as follows: the temperature of room temperature is 15-16 ℃, the air humidity is 85% -95%, the carbon dioxide concentration is within the range of 3000-4000 ppm, and mushroom buds are covered on the surface of the material after 4-6 days.
S4, after the bud forcing is finished, performing photoinhibition and wind suppression on mushroom buds, controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide to be 3000-20000 ppm, performing gradient cooling to 4-5 ℃, wherein the gradient cooling is performed at a cooling rate of 2-4 ℃ every day, the illumination intensity of photoinhibition is 100lx, the blowing rate of wind suppression is 1-3 m/S, and the wind volume is 150m3And h, growing mushroom buds into mushroom buds.
And S5, when mushroom buds grow out of the bottle mouth in the step S4, the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased to more than 10000ppm, and the elongation of the stipe of the needle mushroom is promoted.
And S6, when the needle mushrooms grow to 15-16 cm, the needle mushrooms reach the harvesting height, and harvesting.
The method can be used for collecting the mushroom stems after 4-6 days, the material surface can be full of mushroom buds after 10-12 days, the mushroom buds can grow to the mouth of a cultivation bottle, the bottle mouth is wrapped with mushroom pieces after 16-17 days, the elongation of the mushroom stems is promoted, and the mushroom stems can be collected after about 26-28 days.
EXAMPLE III
The invention provides a technical scheme that: the application of the novel palm fiber culture medium in the industrial cultivation of the white needle mushroom comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of palm shreds, 35 parts of corncobs, 28 parts of rice bran, 18 parts of bran, 3 parts of dry bean dregs, 3 parts of brewer's grains, 5 parts of soybean hulls, 3 parts of shell powder, 1 part of light calcium carbonate and relatively stable palm shreds, the market has no short and busy seasons, the market vacancy of 7-10 months of corncobs can be made up, the volume weight of the palm shreds is about 194g, the water absorption rate is up to 310 percent, the palm shreds have the advantages of good water retention and support, a good culture medium structure can be ensured, the air permeability is strong, the palm shreds are beneficial to elongation, the nutrient components of the palm shreds are low and slow to decompose, the nutrient proportion of a culture medium is basically not influenced, no chemical preparation or disinfection product is needed to be added in the process of preparing the culture medium, the food safety requirement can be ensured, the palm shreds are in compressed particles when being in goods, the palm shreds are not only beneficial to be stored, but also can be automatically crushed according to the, the use is convenient, and the novel palm silk culture medium comprises the following steps when applied to the industrial cultivation of edible fungi:
s1, filling the novel palm fiber culture medium into a cultivation bottle, wherein the cultivation bottle is a polypropylene plastic cultivation bottle, and cooling to room temperature for later use after high-pressure steam sterilization.
S2, inoculating liquid strains into the cultivation bottles, wherein the inoculation amount of the liquid strains is 30-35 mL for each cultivation bottle, and culturing in a culture room at the temperature of 13-15 ℃ and the air humidity of 60-90% for 20-23 days.
S3, after the hyphae cultured in the step S2 overgrow the cultivation bottle, performing mycelium stimulation treatment, removing old hyphae on the material surface, forming mechanical stimulation, then moving the cultivation bottle to a growing room for bud promotion, wherein the bud promotion conditions are as follows: the temperature of room temperature is 15-16 ℃, the air humidity is 85% -95%, the carbon dioxide concentration is within the range of 3000-4000 ppm, and mushroom buds are covered on the surface of the material after 4-6 days.
S4, after the bud forcing is finished, performing photoinhibition and wind suppression on mushroom buds, controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide to be 3000-20000 ppm, performing gradient cooling to 4-5 ℃, wherein the gradient cooling is performed at a cooling rate of 2-4 ℃ every day, the illumination intensity of photoinhibition is 100lx, the blowing rate of wind suppression is 1-3 m/S, and the wind volume is 150m3And h, growing mushroom buds into mushroom buds.
And S5, when mushroom buds grow out of the bottle mouth in the step S4, the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased to more than 10000ppm, and the elongation of the stipe of the needle mushroom is promoted.
And S6, when the needle mushrooms grow to 15-16 cm, the needle mushrooms reach the harvesting height, and harvesting.
The method can be used for collecting the mushroom stems after 4-6 days, the material surface can be full of mushroom buds after 10-12 days, the mushroom buds can grow to the mouth of a cultivation bottle, the bottle mouth is wrapped with mushroom pieces after 16-17 days, the elongation of the mushroom stems is promoted, and the mushroom stems can be collected after about 26-28 days.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the water content of the culture medium is 67-69%, and the pH value is 6.2-6.8.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the palm fibers are compressed granular bodies, the water content is lower than 15%, and the pH value is 6-7.
In conclusion, the palm fibers are added as partial raw materials of the needle mushroom culture medium to replace partial corncobs, the content of the palm fibers is changed within a required certain range on the premise of balanced nutrition proportion, the later culture of the whole culture medium is not adversely affected, the quantity of the palm fibers is adjustable, the application range is wide, the adjustment can be carried out properly according to the shortage range of the corncobs, and the problems that the corncobs are influenced by seasonality and climatic reasons during corn harvesting, the goods shortage hidden danger and the insufficient supply of the corncobs affect the normal production of the needle mushrooms, and the use of the corncobs in the traditional needle mushroom formula can be replaced are solved.
It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (3)

1. The application of the novel palm fiber culture medium in the industrial cultivation of the white needle mushrooms is characterized in that: the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of palm silk, 30-40 parts of corncobs, 20-30 parts of rice bran, 10-20 parts of bran, 3-4 parts of dry bean dregs, 3-4 parts of brewer's grains, 5-6 parts of soybean hulls, 2-3 parts of shell powder and 0.5-1 part of light calcium carbonate.
2. The application of the novel palm fiber culture medium in the industrial cultivation of white needle mushrooms according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the water content of the culture medium is 67-69%, and the pH value is 6.2-6.8.
3. The application of the novel palm fiber culture medium in the industrial cultivation of white needle mushrooms according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the palm filaments are compressed granular bodies, the water content is lower than 15%, and the pH value is 6-7.
CN201910869026.2A 2019-09-16 2019-09-16 Application of novel palm fiber culture medium in industrial cultivation of white needle mushrooms Pending CN110663451A (en)

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CN105272525A (en) * 2015-09-25 2016-01-27 江苏华绿生物科技股份有限公司 Domestic fungus industrial cultivation matrix prepared by coconut husk, and application thereof
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Application publication date: 20200110