CN110651892A - Macrobrachium rosenbergii micro-ecological feed compound additive and application thereof - Google Patents
Macrobrachium rosenbergii micro-ecological feed compound additive and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110651892A CN110651892A CN201911100087.9A CN201911100087A CN110651892A CN 110651892 A CN110651892 A CN 110651892A CN 201911100087 A CN201911100087 A CN 201911100087A CN 110651892 A CN110651892 A CN 110651892A
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](OC2[C@H](O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
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- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a micro-ecological feed composite additive for shrimps and application thereof in preparation of micro-ecological feed for macrobrachium rosenbergii. Compared with the prior art, the micro-ecological feed composite additive for shrimps is simple to operate, practical and feasible in use and wide in application. Can be directly applied to actual culture production, has obvious effects of promoting the growth of the macrobrachium rosenbergii and improving the immunity, has no environmental side effect, and does not influence the water quality of culture water. The composite additive provided by the invention can be added to directly apply the microecologics to the feed, and provides a reference basis for the development of the microecologics in the aquatic feed industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a macrobrachium rosenbergii micro-ecological feed compound additive and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of micro-ecological feed compound additives for shrimps.
Background
Due to the fast growth speed, the strong tolerance to temperature and salinity and the strong resistance to some common diseases, the output of the macrobrachium rosenbergii in China in the last decade exceeds 13 million tons, and the macrobrachium rosenbergii becomes a main freshwater product occupying the domestic aquatic market. However, diseases caused by bacterial infection have great influence on the industry, and the development of the macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding industry is seriously influenced.
In order to solve the disease problem, probiotics, synbiotics and other micro-ecological preparations are widely applied to the aquatic product industry, and researches show that the probiotics, the synbiotics and other micro-ecological preparations have the functions of promoting the growth of animals and improving the feed efficiency and the immunity, and also have a great promotion effect on improving the resistance of organisms to pathogens.
At present, in the domestic aquaculture industry, the water quality is generally regulated and controlled by using a microecological preparation in aquaculture water, the growth of fishes and shrimps is promoted, and the occurrence of diseases is reduced. However, the existing microbial ecological agents have many problems, such as the fact that the amount of the microbial ecological agents added into the water body is difficult to ensure, the effect of a single microbial ecological agent is poor, and the existing microbial ecological system in the environment is threatened.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a micro-ecological feed composite additive for shrimps and application thereof in preparing micro-ecological feed for macrobrachium rosenbergii.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a micro-ecological feed compound additive for shrimps comprises a probiotic component and a prebiotic component.
Preferably, the probiotic component comprises pediococcus acidilactici and yeast.
Further preferably, the concentration ratio of the pediococcus acidilactici to the saccharomycete powder is 1: (0.5-1.5).
Preferably, the prebiotic ingredient is beta-glucan.
Preferably, the micro-ecological feed mainly comprises fish meal, soybean meal, flour, soybean lecithin, fish oil, shrimp shell meal, zeolite powder, vitamin premix, mineral premix, monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, ecdysone, vitamin C and sodium alginate.
The micro-ecological feed composite additive for shrimps is applied to preparing the micro-ecological feed for macrobrachium rosenbergii.
When in use, the compound additive is mixed into the micro-ecological feed to ensure that the final probiotic concentration in the feed is (0.5-1.5) multiplied by 108CFU。
When in application, the compound additive is mixed into the micro-ecological feed, so that the mass of the beta-glucan in the feed is 0.1-0.2% of the total mass of the feed.
The technical effects are as follows: compared with the prior art, the micro-ecological feed composite additive for shrimps is simple to operate, practical and feasible in use and wide in application. Can be directly applied to actual culture production, has obvious effects of promoting the growth of the macrobrachium rosenbergii and improving the immunity, has no environmental side effect, and does not influence the water quality of culture water. The composite additive provided by the invention can be added to directly apply the microecologics to the feed, and provides a reference basis for the development of the microecologics in the aquatic feed industry.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the expression level of the macrobrachium rosenbergii immune-related genes, wherein the same superscript of the same gene indicates that the difference between groups is not significant, and the different superscripts of the same gene indicates that the difference between groups is significant (P < 0.05).
Fig. 2 shows the expression level of antioxidant enzyme related genes of macrobrachium rosenbergii, wherein the same superscript of the same gene indicates that the difference between groups is not significant, and the different superscripts of the same gene indicates that the difference between groups is significant (P < 0.05).
Fig. 3 is a total blood cell count for macrobrachium rosenbergii, where the same superscript indicates no significant difference between groups and different superscripts indicate significant difference between groups (P < 0.05).
Fig. 4 is a plot of blood respiratory burst activity of macrobrachium rosenbergii, wherein the same superscript indicates no significant difference between groups and different superscripts indicate significant difference between groups (P < 0.05).
Fig. 5 is a macrobrachium rosenbergii blood phagocytosis index, wherein the same superscript indicates no significant difference between groups and different superscripts indicate significant difference between groups (P < 0.05).
Fig. 6 is a graph of cumulative mortality from macrobrachium rosenbergii challenge, where the same superscript indicates no significant difference between groups and different superscripts indicate significant difference between groups (P < 0.05).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
Examples
Preparing the micro-ecological feed for the macrobrachium rosenbergii, and adding the composite additive (comprising probiotic component lactic acid tablets)Coccus and yeast, and prebiotic component beta-glucan) into a microecological feed, and different additives are added on the basis of the same microecological feed to form a group of test feeds and four groups of control feeds, wherein the group of the base control microecological feed (GC), the group of Pediococcus acidilactici (GP), the group of Pediococcus acidilactici + Yeast (GPS), the group of Pediococcus acidilactici + Glucan (GPG), and the group of the test feeds Pediococcus acidilactici + Glucan + Yeast (GPGS-the additive of the present invention). And the final concentration of each probiotic in the various feeds was 1X 108The mass of the CFU, beta-glucan is 0.15 percent of the total mass of the feed, and the concentration ratio of the pediococcus acidilactici to the yeast powder is 1: 1.
the formula of the micro-ecological feed is shown in the following table:
feeding macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae with initial weight of 0.18 +/-0.01 g by using five feeds respectively, wherein daily feeding amount is 4% of body mass, ensuring that feeding is performed after satiety, measuring and weighing each group of shrimps after 60 days of culture, calculating growth performance of the shrimps, sampling and determining the immunocompetence of each group of shrimps, and simultaneously performing a challenge test by using aeromonas hydrophila to detect the resistance of each group of shrimps.
The test results are shown below:
the growth performance of each group of macrobrachium rosenbergii is shown in table 1, and the microecologics have no significant effect on the survival rate of each group of macrobrachium rosenbergii, but significantly affect the growth performance. The terminal body weight, weight gain rate and specific growth rate of shrimps in the test group GPGS group were significantly increased compared to the same values in the control group. In addition, the test group GPGS group had the lowest feed efficiency for shrimp and was significantly lower than the GC, GP and GPG groups.
The immunocompetence of macrobrachium rosenbergii was evaluated by measuring blood-related indices and expression levels of immune-related genes in the liver and pancreas of the control group and the test group, and the results are shown in fig. 1 to 6, and the total number of blood cells in the GPGS group is higher than those in the GC group and the GPS group. Meanwhile, the respiratory burst activity of shrimps in the GPGS group was higher than that of the GC group, GP group and GPs group. The test group of the shrimps in the GPGS group has a phagocytic index which is obviously higher than that of the shrimps in the GC group, the GPG group and the GPS group, and the shrimps in the GPGS group also have a phagocytic index which is higher than that of the shrimps in the GP group.
The addition of the probiotics resulted in significant differences in the relative expression levels of immune-related genes in the shrimp hepatopancreas.
As shown in FIG. 1, the lectin (lectin) and Toll receptor genes were expressed in the test group GPGS group more than in the four control groups. Meanwhile, the expression amounts of Lysozyme (Lysozyme) and phenol oxidase (proPO) in the test group GPGS were also higher than those in the GC group, GP group and GPG group. Furthermore, the probiotics had no significant effect on IMD gene expression between all groups.
As shown in fig. 2, regarding the relative expression levels of the antioxidant enzyme genes, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene expression level of the GPGS group was significantly higher than that of the GC group, and the Catalase (CAT) gene expression level of the GPGS group was significantly higher than that of the GC group, the GP group, and the GPG group. The expression level of glutathione peroxidase (GPxs) genes of the GPGS group was not significantly different from those of the GC group, the GP group and the GPG group. The anti-tumor factor (TNF-alpha) gene expression level of the GPGS group in the test group is higher than that of the GPG group and the GPGS group, and the gene expression level of heat shock protein 70(HSP 70) of the GPGS group is lower than that of the four groups of control groups.
The cumulative mortality of the aeromonas hydrophila after the challenge test is carried out, and the result is shown in fig. 6, the cumulative mortality of the GPGS group is 40% and is significantly lower than that of the GC group.
The above test results all show that: the compound additive prepared by the invention is added into the macrobrachium rosenbergii feed, and has obvious improvement effect on the growth, immunity and resistance of the macrobrachium rosenbergii.
TABLE 1 Macrobrachium rosenbergii growth performance, survival rate and feed efficiency in control and test groups
The same superscript in the same column data indicates no significant difference between groups, and the different superscripts in the same column data indicate significant difference between groups (P < 0.05).
Claims (8)
1. The microecological feed composite additive for shrimps is characterized by comprising a probiotic component and a prebiotic component.
2. The micro-ecological feed compound additive for shrimps as claimed in claim 1, wherein the probiotic component includes pediococcus acidilactici and yeast.
3. The micro-ecological feed composite additive for shrimps as claimed in claim 2, wherein the addition mass ratio of pediococcus acidilactici to yeast is 1: (0.5-1.5).
4. The micro-ecological feed compound additive for shrimps as claimed in claim 1, wherein the prebiotic is β -glucan.
5. The microecological feed composite additive for shrimps according to claim 1, wherein the microecological feed mainly comprises fish meal, soybean meal, flour, soybean lecithin, fish oil, shrimp shell meal, zeolite powder, vitamin premix, mineral premix, monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, ecdysone, vitamin C and sodium alginate.
6. Use of the micro-ecological feed additive for shrimps as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 for preparing micro-ecological feed for macrobrachium rosenbergii.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that the complex additive is incorporated into a micro-ecological feed such that the final probiotic concentration in the feed is (0.5-1.5) x 108CFU。
8. The use according to claim 6, wherein the complex additive is incorporated into a micro-ecological feed such that the mass of β -glucan in the feed is 0.1-0.2% of the total mass of the feed.
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