CN110651564B - Ditching earthing knife and ditching fertilization earthing all-in-one - Google Patents

Ditching earthing knife and ditching fertilization earthing all-in-one Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110651564B
CN110651564B CN201911043805.3A CN201911043805A CN110651564B CN 110651564 B CN110651564 B CN 110651564B CN 201911043805 A CN201911043805 A CN 201911043805A CN 110651564 B CN110651564 B CN 110651564B
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
ditching
bending
earthing
seat
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CN201911043805.3A
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CN110651564A (en
Inventor
杨洲
孙志全
段洁利
李君�
孙健峰
金鸿
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South China Agricultural University
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South China Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/062Devices for making drills or furrows
    • A01C5/064Devices for making drills or furrows with rotating tools
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C15/00Fertiliser distributors
    • A01C15/16Fertiliser distributors with means for pushing out the fertiliser, e.g. by a roller
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/066Devices for covering drills or furrows

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a ditching earthing knife, which comprises a left-bending soil cutter seat, a soil throwing piece seat and a right-bending soil cutter seat, wherein the left-bending soil cutter seat and the soil throwing piece seat are sequentially arranged at the tail end of a hexagonal pipe cutter roll along the axial direction of the hexagonal pipe cutter roll, the left-bending soil cutter seat and the soil throwing piece seat form an included angle of 60 degrees, the left-bending soil cutter seat and the right-bending soil cutter seat form an included angle of 120 degrees, 2 left-bending soil cutters are arranged at two ends of the left-bending soil cutter seat, 2 right-bending soil cutters are arranged at two ends of the right-bending soil cutter seat, the outer end of a soil throwing piece is bent towards the opposite direction of the rotating direction, the soil throwing piece is arranged on an angle block bent to be 120 degrees, and 2 angle blocks are arranged at two ends of the soil throwing piece seat; the earthing cover covers the top of left side curved soil cutter, throwing soil piece and right side curved soil cutter, and the rear of earthing cover is opened and is used for supplying the falling soil mouth that earth dropped, and the mouth position that falls is provided with row fertile pipe support. The invention has high ditching efficiency and good soil covering effect. The invention also discloses a ditching, fertilizing and earthing integrated machine, which completes ditching, fertilizing and earthing together, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency.

Description

Ditching earthing knife and ditching fertilization earthing all-in-one
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ditching, fertilizing and earthing of fields, in particular to a ditching earthing knife and a ditching, fertilizing and earthing integrated machine.
Background
Fertilizing is an important link in agricultural production, and ditching and fertilizing are a very common mode. At present, a ditching fertilizer distributor adopting manual dragging operation in the market has high manual labor intensity and large machine vibration, and personal injury is brought to operators. In addition, the existing ditching fertilizer distributor in the market often adopts the transverse arrangement of an engine output shaft, so that the structure of the machine is complex, the manufacturing cost of a gearbox is high, and the maintenance is difficult. Thirdly, most ditching and fertilizing machines in the market firstly ditche and then fertilize and then fill soil secondarily, three steps are needed to finish, the working flow is more, the structure is complex, and energy waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the ditching and soil covering cutter which is high in ditching efficiency and good in soil covering effect.
The invention also discloses a ditching, fertilizing and earthing integrated machine, which completes ditching, fertilizing and earthing together, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency.
The scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the ditching earthing knife comprises an earthing cover, a hexagonal knife roller, a left-bending soil cutter seat, a soil throwing piece seat, a right-bending soil cutter seat, 2 left-bending soil cutters, 2 soil throwing pieces and 2 right-bending soil cutters, wherein the left-bending soil cutter seat, the soil throwing piece seat and the right-bending soil cutter seat are sequentially arranged at the tail end of the hexagonal knife roller along the axial direction of the hexagonal knife roller, the left-bending soil cutter seat and the soil throwing piece seat form an included angle of 60 degrees, the left-bending soil cutter seat and the right-bending soil cutter seat form an included angle of 120 degrees, the 2 left-bending soil cutters are arranged at two ends of the left-bending soil cutter seat, the 2 right-bending soil cutters are arranged at two ends of the right-bending soil cutter seat, the outer ends of the soil throwing pieces are bent towards the opposite direction of the rotating direction, the soil throwing pieces are arranged on corner blocks bent to be 120 degrees, and the 2 corner blocks are arranged at two ends of the soil throwing piece seat; the soil covering cover covers the left curved soil cutting knife, the soil throwing piece and the right curved soil cutting knife, the lower edge of the soil covering cover is higher than the lowest point of the rotating track of the knife tips of the left curved soil cutting knife, the soil throwing piece and the right curved soil cutting knife, a soil falling opening for falling soil is formed in the rear of the soil covering cover, and a fertilizer discharging pipe frame is arranged at the soil falling opening.
The outer side surface of the earthing cover is a detachable cover plate.
The utility model provides a ditching fertilization earthing all-in-one, includes frame, 2 rear wheels, 1 front wheels, ditching earthing sword, fertilizing mechanism and actuating mechanism, 2 rear wheels are installed in frame rear both sides, and front wheel and ditching earthing sword are installed respectively in frame the place ahead both sides, and fertilizing mechanism and actuating mechanism install on the frame, and wherein, actuating mechanism includes engine, ditching gearbox and walking gearbox, and the output shaft direction of engine is the advancing direction of all-in-one, and the driven pulley of ditching gearbox is connected through the V-belt to the output band pulley of engine, and the hexagonal pipe sword roller of first output shaft connection of ditching gearbox, the driven pulley of ditching gearbox passes through universal joint and connects the walking gearbox, the 2 rear wheels of second output shaft connection of walking gearbox.
The fertilizing mechanism comprises a hopper, a fertilizer distributor and a fertilizer discharge pipe, wherein the lower end of the hopper is connected with the fertilizer distributor, the lower end of the fertilizer distributor is connected with the fertilizer discharge pipe, the outlet of the fertilizer discharge pipe is connected with a fertilizer discharge pipe rack, and the position where fertilizer falls is located between the rotating track of the cutter point and the position where soil falls; a driving sprocket is arranged on a second output shaft of the walking gearbox, a tensioning wheel is arranged on the side face of the frame, a driven sprocket is arranged on the side face of the fertilizer distributor, and the driving sprocket, the tensioning wheel and the driven sprocket are connected through a chain.
Still include front wheel high guiding mechanism, front wheel high guiding mechanism includes C type frame, screw rod, guide bar, crane and front axle, and the ditching gearbox is connected through the fixed plate of side to C type frame, and the screw rod upper end is provided with the handle, and the screw rod lower extreme passes top surface, crane, the bottom surface of C type frame in proper order of C type frame, and the guide bar passes top surface, crane, the bottom surface of C type frame in proper order of C type frame, front axle vertical connection crane.
The ditching gearbox and the walking gearbox are multi-head worm gear gearboxes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. The ditching and earthing knife comprises 2 left-turn soil cutting knives, 2 soil throwing pieces and 2 right-turn soil cutting knives which are distributed at intervals and are 60 degrees apart, the left-turn soil cutting knives and the right-turn soil cutting knives perform soil cutting ditching, two side surfaces and the bottom surface of ditching gullies are smooth, cut soil is thrown upwards and then downwards by the soil throwing pieces, earthing is finally realized by falling into gullies from a soil falling opening under the guiding action of an earthing cover, secondary filling is not needed, the working flow is simplified, energy sources can be effectively saved, and labor productivity is improved.
2. The ditching, fertilizing and earthing all-in-one machine has the advantages that the direction of the output shaft of the engine is the advancing direction of the all-in-one machine, the output shaft of the engine is longitudinally arranged and matched with the worm gear box, the design of the whole machine is greatly simplified, the quality of the whole machine is reduced, the production cost is reduced, the operability of the whole machine is improved, and the popularization and the application are good. And the machine can automatically advance without manual dragging instead of manual work, and the ditching, fertilizing and earthing operation is completed. The self-propelled design reduces the labor intensity of users, reduces the labor cost of agricultural production, protects the physical and mental health of workers, is simple to operate and is convenient to popularize and apply.
3. The integrated machine comprises a fertilizer application mechanism, a fertilizer application pipe frame and a fertilizer application device, wherein the fertilizer application mechanism comprises a hopper, a fertilizer applicator and a fertilizer application pipe, and an outlet of the fertilizer application pipe is connected with a soil falling port of the earthing cover; the second output shaft of the walking gearbox is provided with a driving sprocket, the side face of the frame is provided with a tensioning wheel, the side face of the fertilizer distributor is provided with a driven sprocket, the driving sprocket, the tensioning wheel and the driven sprocket are connected through a chain, the fertilizer distributor is driven to discharge fertilizer according to the quantity in the walking process of the rear wheel, a fertilizer discharge pipe is arranged between the rotating track of the tip of a ditching knife and the throwing track of soil, and the thrown soil just covers the fertilizer falling from the fertilizer discharge pipe beyond the rotating track of the tip, so that secondary soil filling operation is avoided, and the functions of ditching, fertilizing and earthing integration are realized. In the past, ditching, fertilizing and earthing are three steps, namely ditching firstly, fertilizing secondly and earthing secondly, so that the working flow is more, the working efficiency is low and the machine structure is complex. The integrated machine designed by the application integrates three working flows, completes ditching, fertilizing and earthing work at one time, improves the working efficiency and simplifies the mechanical structure.
The machine can be used for fertilizing, sowing and the like, has strong universality, is multipurpose, reduces the use cost of consumers and is beneficial to popularization.
4. The all-in-one machine also comprises a front wheel height adjusting mechanism, and can adjust the handle and the height of the front wheel according to the required ditching depth so as to adapt to different labor demands.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the ditching and earthing blade of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a corner block.
Fig. 3 is an internal structural view of the earth covering (with the removable cover plate hidden).
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the ditching, fertilizing and earthing integrated machine.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the fig. 4 part with portions hidden.
Fig. 6 is a plan view of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the frame.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the front wheel height adjustment mechanism.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a fertilizer tube stand.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The ditching and earthing knife shown in fig. 1-3 comprises an earthing cover 7, a hexagonal tube knife roller 25, a left-bending soil cutter seat 26, a soil throwing piece seat 27, a right-bending soil cutter seat 28, 2 left-bending soil cutters 22, 2 soil throwing pieces 23 and 2 right-bending soil cutters 21, wherein the left-bending soil cutter seat 26, the soil throwing piece seat 27 and the right-bending soil cutter seat 28 are sequentially arranged at the tail end of the hexagonal tube knife roller 25 along the axial direction of the hexagonal tube knife roller 25, the left-bending soil cutter seat 26 and the soil throwing piece seat 27 form an included angle of 60 degrees, the left-bending soil cutter seat 26 and the right-bending soil cutter seat 28 form an included angle of 120 degrees, 2 left-bending soil cutters 22 are arranged at two ends of the left-bending soil cutter seat 26, 2 right-bending soil cutters 21 are arranged at two ends of the right-bending soil cutter seat 28, the outer ends of the soil throwing pieces 23 are bent towards the opposite direction of the rotating direction, the soil throwing pieces 23 are arranged on corner blocks 29 bent to 120 degrees, and the 2 corner blocks 29 are arranged at two ends of the soil throwing piece seat 27; the earthing shroud 7 covers the top of left side curved soil cutter 22, throwing piece 23 and right side curved soil cutter 21, and earthing shroud 7's lower limb is higher than left side curved soil cutter 22, throwing piece 23 and right side curved soil cutter 21's knife tip rotation orbit minimum, and earthing shroud 7's rear face is opened and is used for supplying the soil to drop the soil mouth 71, and the mouth 71 position of falling is provided with fertilizer pipe frame 77. The outer side surface of the earthing cover 7 is a detachable cover plate.
The ditching and earthing knife of fig. 3 rotates clockwise, cuts into the soil from the lower right, then cuts out from the lower left, and throws the soil upwards into the earthing cap 7, and under the action of the ditching and earthing knife, finally, the soil throws out from the soil falling port 71, and the soil throwing trace is as shown in fig. 3.
The ditching, fertilizing and earthing all-in-one machine as shown in fig. 4-9 comprises a frame 4, 2 rear wheels 3, 1 front wheel 6, ditching and earthing knives, a fertilizing mechanism and a driving mechanism, wherein the 2 rear wheels 3 are arranged on two sides behind the frame 4, the front wheels 6 and the ditching and earthing knives are respectively arranged on two sides in front of the frame 4, the fertilizing mechanism and the driving mechanism are arranged on the frame 4, the driving mechanism comprises an engine 2, a ditching gearbox 72 and a walking gearbox 31, the direction of an output shaft of the engine 2 is the advancing direction of the all-in-one machine, an output belt pulley 22 of the engine 2 is connected with a driven belt pulley 74 of the ditching gearbox 72 through a triangular belt 23, a first output shaft of the ditching gearbox 72 is connected with a hexagonal pipe cutter roller 25, a driven belt pulley 74 of the ditching gearbox 72 is connected with the walking gearbox 31 through a universal coupling 76, and a second output shaft 33 of the walking gearbox 31 is connected with the 2 rear wheels 3.
The ditching gearbox 72 and the walking gearbox 31 are both multi-head worm gear gearboxes.
Working principle: as shown, the engine 2 transmits power to a driven pulley 74 via a v-belt 23, the driven pulley 74 being mounted on the input shaft of the ditching gearbox 72 and transmitting motion to the walking gearbox 31 via a universal joint 76. The output shaft of the ditching gearbox 72 is provided with a ditching and soil covering cutter, and the rear wheel 3 is arranged on the second output shaft 33. When the engine 2 is running, the output belt pulley 22 drives the driven belt pulley 74 to rotate, and then drives the ditching and soil covering knife and the wheels to rotate, so that ditching and advancing are realized. The second output shaft 33 is provided with a driving sprocket 32, and the sprocket 32 is driven to rotate by a chain 54 to drive the fertilizer distributor 52 and the driven sprocket 53 to rotate, so that the fertilizer distributor 52 is driven to distribute fertilizer, and the fertilizer finally falls into a ditch opened by the ditching and soil covering knife from the fertilizer distribution pipe 75. The earthing cover 7 is arranged on the frame 4 and guides soil to fall into the ditches, so that ditching, fertilizing and earthing integrated work is realized.
The fertilizer applying mechanism comprises a hopper 51, a fertilizer device 52 and a fertilizer discharging pipe 75, wherein the lower end of the hopper 51 is connected with the fertilizer device 52, the lower end of the fertilizer device 52 is connected with the fertilizer discharging pipe 75, the outlet of the fertilizer discharging pipe 75 is connected with a fertilizer discharging pipe frame 77, and the position where fertilizer falls is located between the rotating track of the cutter point and the position where soil falls; the second output shaft 33 of the traveling gearbox 31 is provided with a driving sprocket 32, the side surface of the frame 4 is provided with a tension wheel 55, the side surface of the fertilizer distributor 52 is provided with a driven sprocket 53, and the driving sprocket 32, the tension wheel 55 and the driven sprocket 53 are connected through a chain 54.
The fertilizer pipe frame 77 is provided with 4 long slot holes, the fertilizer pipe frame 77 is fixed in the soil retaining cover 7 through bolts, and the distance between the fertilizer pipe 75 and the ditching earthing knife can be adjusted through the design of the long slot holes.
The front wheel height adjusting mechanism comprises a C-shaped frame 66, a screw rod 65, a guide rod 68, a lifting frame 62 and a front wheel shaft 63, wherein the C-shaped frame 66 is connected with a ditching gearbox 72 through a fixing plate 61 on the side face, a handle 67 is arranged at the upper end of the screw rod 65, the lower end of the screw rod 65 sequentially penetrates through the top face of the C-shaped frame 66, the lifting frame 62 and the bottom face of the C-shaped frame 66, the guide rod 68 sequentially penetrates through the top face of the C-shaped frame 66, the lifting frame 62 and the bottom face of the C-shaped frame 66, and the front wheel shaft 63 is vertically connected with the lifting frame 62.
The front wheel 6 mainly functions as: (1) supporting the load of the whole machine together with the rear wheel 3; (2) adjusting the ditching depth. As shown in the figure, the C-shaped frame 66 is arranged on the ditching gearbox 72 through the fixing plate 61, is correspondingly arranged on two sides of the ditching gearbox 72 with ditching earthing knives, the front wheel 6 is arranged on the front wheel shaft 63, the front wheel shaft 63 is arranged on the lifting frame 62, the lifting frame 62 is provided with 2 holes, one hole is in clearance fit with the guide rod 68, the other hole is provided with the nut 64, the screw rod 65 is matched with the nut 64, the C-shaped frame 66 is a fixed supporting frame of the screw rod 65 and the guide rod 68, the guide rod 68 and the C-shaped frame 66 are fixedly welded, the screw rod 65 can freely rotate on the C-shaped frame 66, the handle 67 is fixedly arranged with the screw rod 65, and when the handle 67 rotates, the screw rod 65 is driven to rotate, the nut 64 is driven to move up and down, so that the height of the front wheel 6 is adjusted, and the ditching depth is adjusted.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, but rather as various changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which may be made therein without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. Ditching fertilization earthing all-in-one, its characterized in that: the machine comprises a frame, 2 rear wheels, 1 front wheel, a ditching earthing knife, a fertilizing mechanism and a driving mechanism, wherein the 2 rear wheels are arranged on two sides of the rear of the frame, the front wheels and the ditching earthing knife are respectively arranged on two sides of the front of the frame, the fertilizing mechanism and the driving mechanism are arranged on the frame, the driving mechanism comprises an engine, a ditching gearbox and a traveling gearbox, the direction of an output shaft of the engine is the advancing direction of the machine, an output belt wheel of the engine is connected with a driven belt wheel of the ditching gearbox through a triangular belt, a first output shaft of the ditching gearbox is connected with a hexagonal knife roller, the driven belt wheel of the ditching gearbox is connected with the traveling gearbox through a universal coupling, and a second output shaft of the traveling gearbox is connected with the 2 rear wheels;
The ditching and earthing knife comprises an earthing cover, a hexagonal tube knife roller, a left-bending soil cutter seat, a soil throwing piece seat, a right-bending soil cutter seat, 2 left-bending soil cutters, 2 soil throwing pieces and 2 right-bending soil cutters, wherein the left-bending soil cutter seat, the soil throwing piece seat and the right-bending soil cutter seat are sequentially arranged at the tail end of the hexagonal tube knife roller along the axial direction of the hexagonal tube knife roller, the left-bending soil cutter seat and the soil throwing piece seat form an included angle of 60 degrees, the left-bending soil cutter seat and the right-bending soil cutter seat form an included angle of 120 degrees, the 2 left-bending soil cutters are arranged at two ends of the left-bending soil cutter seat, the 2 right-bending soil cutters are arranged at two ends of the right-bending soil cutter seat, the outer ends of the soil throwing pieces are bent towards the opposite direction of the rotating direction, the soil throwing pieces are arranged on corner blocks bent for 120 degrees, and the 2 corner blocks are arranged at two ends of the soil throwing piece seat; the 2 left curved soil cutting knives and the 2 right curved soil cutting knives are curved towards the middle soil throwing piece; the soil covering cover is covered above the left-bending soil cutting knife, the soil throwing piece and the right-bending soil cutting knife, the lower edge of the soil covering cover is higher than the lowest point of the rotation track of the knife tips of the left-bending soil cutting knife, the soil throwing piece and the right-bending soil cutting knife, a soil falling opening for falling soil is formed in the rear of the soil covering cover, and a fertilizer discharging pipe rack is arranged at the soil falling opening;
The fertilizing mechanism comprises a hopper, a fertilizer distributor and a fertilizer discharge pipe, wherein the lower end of the hopper is connected with the fertilizer distributor, the lower end of the fertilizer distributor is connected with the fertilizer discharge pipe, the outlet of the fertilizer discharge pipe is connected with a fertilizer discharge pipe rack, and the position where fertilizer falls is located between the rotating track of the cutter point and the position where soil falls;
The ditching fertilization earthing all-in-one still includes front wheel high guiding mechanism, front wheel high guiding mechanism includes C type frame, screw rod, guide bar, crane and front axle, and the C type frame passes through the fixed plate of side and connects ditching gearbox, and the screw rod upper end is provided with the handle, and the screw rod lower extreme passes top surface, crane, the bottom surface of C type frame in proper order, and the guide bar passes top surface, crane, the bottom surface of C type frame in proper order, front axle vertical connection crane.
2. The ditching, fertilizing and earthing integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein: the outer side surface of the earthing cover is a detachable cover plate.
3. The ditching, fertilizing and earthing integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein: a driving sprocket is arranged on a second output shaft of the walking gearbox, a tensioning wheel is arranged on the side face of the frame, a driven sprocket is arranged on the side face of the fertilizer distributor, and the driving sprocket, the tensioning wheel and the driven sprocket are connected through a chain.
4. The ditching, fertilizing and earthing integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein: the ditching gearbox and the walking gearbox are multi-head worm gear gearboxes.
CN201911043805.3A 2019-10-30 2019-10-30 Ditching earthing knife and ditching fertilization earthing all-in-one Active CN110651564B (en)

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WO2021243539A1 (en) * 2020-06-02 2021-12-09 南京溧水高新创业投资管理有限公司 Rotary ditcher for agricultural machinery
CN111527849A (en) * 2020-06-25 2020-08-14 西北农林科技大学 Orchard organic fertilizer ditching and fertilizing integrated fertilizer applicator
CN111742670B (en) * 2020-07-10 2021-11-23 福建永顺机械有限公司 Combined machine for ditching, fertilizing and earthing
CN112425327A (en) * 2020-11-11 2021-03-02 厦门幻栢机械有限公司 Agricultural seeding mechanical equipment is with even seeding mechanism

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