CN212589356U

CN212589356U - Gardens nursery stock plays seedling machine

Info

Publication number: CN212589356U
Application number: CN202021688806.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于泓; 刘国华; 王艳莉; 姜宽舒; 何永鹏; 高帅; 傅剑平; 吕涂弘涛
Original assignee: Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry
Current assignee: Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry
Priority date: 2020-08-13
Filing date: 2020-08-13
Publication date: 2021-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gardens nursery stock seedling lifter, include track chassis, frame, play seedling shovel sword mechanism, nursery stock transport mechanism, driving system and control the mechanism, wherein, track chassis top is fixed with the frame, and the front-end connection has seedling shovel sword mechanism, and a plurality of nursery stock transport mechanism are installed at the frame top, plays seedling shovel sword mechanism and nursery stock transport mechanism overlap joint, is equipped with driving system between the nursery stock transport mechanism, and one side of driving system is equipped with controls the mechanism, driving system installs in the frame, control the mechanism and install in track chassis and frame. The utility model discloses a certain degree of depth is shoveled the seedling with the nursery stock even root shovel in the soil to the seedling shovel mechanism, shunts through the flow distribution plate and presses the seedling pole to press the seedling, transports respectively to nursery stock transport mechanism, finally conveys to the seedling machine rear order and falls down, presses the seedling pole to make the directional order of nursery stock arrange, and the net type conveyer belt among the transport mechanism can make most soil of nursery stock root shake and leak down in transmission process to alleviate follow-up work load.

Description

Gardens nursery stock plays seedling machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a seedling lifter especially relates to a gardens nursery stock seedling lifter.

Background

The outplanting of green nursery stocks is an important link for cultivating nursery stocks, and the quality of the lifted seedlings and the survival rate of the planted seedlings are directly influenced. The seedling lifting mode mainly comprises two modes of bare-root lifting and soil ball lifting. When the bare root is lifted, the seedling root is cut manually according to the lifting depth, then the soil at the root is smashed, and the seedling is taken out in a mode of no soil or little soil. The seedling lifting with the soil balls is realized by lifting the seedlings from a nursery garden in a mode of carrying the soil balls with certain sizes, the method has the advantages of less damage to the root systems of the seedlings, high survival rate, suitability for transplanting the seedlings of evergreen trees, rare trees, large flower shrubs and the like, convenience in maintenance in the landscape forming process of the seedlings and capability of meeting the requirement of quick greening in urban and rural construction in China.

At present, most of small and medium-sized seedling bases in China adopt manual seedling lifting, the labor intensity is high, the seedling lifting efficiency is low, and the quality of seedlings is difficult to guarantee. With the further development of seedling production, the seedling base adopts mechanized seedling lifting to become a necessary trend. However, the existing seedling raising machines have fewer types and single function, and except a few large and medium-sized seedling raising machines with soil balls, the seedling raising machines suitable for tightly planting seedlings in a nursery in ridges are almost blank.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Utility model purpose: the utility model aims at providing a gardens nursery stock plays seedling machine improves greatly and plays seedling efficiency, reduces artifical demand, reduces intensity of labour.

The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model discloses a track chassis, frame, play seedling shovel sword mechanism, nursery stock transport mechanism, driving system and control the mechanism, wherein, the top on track chassis is fixed with the frame, and the front portion is connected with plays seedling shovel sword mechanism, and a plurality of nursery stock transport mechanism are installed at the frame top, play seedling shovel sword mechanism and nursery stock transport mechanism overlap joint, be equipped with driving system between the nursery stock transport mechanism, one side of driving system is equipped with controls the mechanism, driving system install in the frame, control the mechanism and install in track chassis and frame.

The crawler chassis comprises a pair of walking mechanisms distributed at intervals, a forearm rotating shaft is connected between the walking mechanisms on the two sides, the walking mechanisms are obliquely arranged, a plurality of connecting cross beams are fixed at the tops of the walking mechanisms, a supporting rod mounting seat is arranged at the front part of the walking mechanisms, a supporting rod is connected onto the supporting rod mounting seat, and the supporting rod is connected with a seedling lifting scraper knife mechanism.

The frame include a plurality of square tubular beam and longeron, the frame links firmly through stand and track chassis, is located the both ends of the square tubular beam of foremost and is fixed with the pneumatic cylinder mount pad.

The seedling lifting scraper knife mechanism comprises a scraper knife body, the scraper knife body adopts a bending structure and comprises a first bending plate and a second bending plate, wherein a scraper blade is installed on the first bending plate, the cutting edge of the scraper blade is saw-toothed cutter teeth arranged at equal intervals, the end part of the second bending plate is in lap joint with a conveying belt of the seedling conveying mechanism, the second bending plate is provided with a splitter plate distributed in a V shape, first baffle plates are fixed on two sides of the second bending plate, and seedling pressing rods are penetrated between the first baffle plates and the splitter plate.

Forearms are installed on two sides of the second bending plate, and the other ends of the forearms are connected with a forearm rotating shaft.

A limiting screw rod mounting seat is fixed on the front arm, a limiting screw rod is fixed in the limiting screw rod mounting seat, and the limiting screw rod penetrates through a corresponding hole in the rack and is matched with a limiting nut.

And a hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the front arm and the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat.

The nursery stock transport mechanism include the support, support bottom links firmly with the frame, support top be equipped with the conveyer belt, the support both ends are equipped with the cylinder, one of them cylinder is connected with driving motor, the both ends of conveyer belt are equipped with the second baffle, the conveyer belt adopt cavity net chain formula structure, can increase the sliding resistance of nursery stock and soil, prevent that nursery stock and soil from gliding.

The power system comprises a diesel engine, a generator and a hydraulic pump, wherein the generator and the hydraulic pump are fixed on the rack, the diesel engine is connected with a gearbox of the control mechanism, and the diesel engine provides main power to the gearbox.

And the rear part of the rack is provided with a control platform.

Has the advantages that: the utility model discloses a certain degree of depth is shoveled the seedling with the nursery stock even root shovel in the soil to the seedling shovel mechanism shovel, shunts and presses the seedling pole to press the seedling through the flow distribution plate, transports respectively to the nursery stock transport mechanism of both sides, finally conveys to the seedling machine rear order and falls down, presses the seedling pole to make the directional order of nursery stock arrange, and the net formula conveyer belt among the nursery stock transport mechanism can make most soil of nursery stock root shake and leak down in transmission process to alleviate the follow-up work load of picking up the nursery stock and leveling the soil, the utility model discloses simple structure, convenient and practical can accomplish the seedling automatically, arrange seedling and nursery stock root soil separation work, realize becoming the mechanized seedling in the nursery, save the cost of labor, reduce the intensity of labour of nursery stock seedling.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the track chassis and frame of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the seedling raising scraper mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the seedling conveying mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the conveyor belt removal of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the utility model comprises a crawler chassis 1, a frame 2, a seedling lifting shovel blade mechanism 3, a seedling conveying mechanism 4, a power system 5, a control mechanism 6 and a control platform 7. The crawler chassis 1 is positioned at the bottom of the whole device, and the frame 2 is fixed at the top of the crawler chassis 1; the seedling lifting scraper knife mechanism 3 is positioned at the front part of the crawler chassis 1 and is connected with the crawler chassis 1 through a support rod 3-7 and a front arm 3-8; the seedling conveying mechanism 4 is positioned above the triangular crawler belt travelling mechanism 1-1 and is fixed on the rack 2; the power system 5 is positioned between the seedling conveying mechanisms 4 on the two sides and is fixed on the rack 2; the control mechanism 6 is positioned behind a diesel engine 5-1 in the power system 5 and is fixed on the crawler chassis 1 and the frame 2; the control platform 7 is positioned at the rear of the whole device and is fixed on the frame 2.

An operator stands on the control platform 7, starts the power system 5 and the control mechanism 6, shovels the seedling lifting shovel blade mechanism 3 into the soil to a certain depth to shovel the seedlings with soil and roots, shunts the seedlings through the shunting plate 3-4 and presses the seedlings through the seedling pressing rod 3-5, respectively conveys the seedlings to the seedling conveying mechanisms 4 on two sides, and finally conveys the seedlings to the rear of the seedling lifter to sequentially fall down. The seedling pressing rods 3-5 can enable the seedlings to be arranged in a directional sequence, and the net chain type conveying belt 4-3 in the seedling conveying mechanism 4 can enable most of soil at the roots of the seedlings to shake and leak down in the conveying process, so that the workload of subsequently picking up the seedlings and leveling the soil is reduced.

As shown in figure 2, the crawler chassis 1 comprises a pair of triangular crawler walking mechanisms 1-1 distributed in parallel, a plurality of connecting cross beams 1-2, a front arm rotating shaft 1-3 and a supporting rod mounting seat 1-4. The crawler chassis 1 is a power platform for the whole equipment to walk and work; the two parallel triangular crawler belt traveling mechanisms 1-1 are low in front and high in back, so that the seedling conveying mechanism 4 is also in a form of low in front and high in back, the height of a seedling receiving end of the seedling conveying mechanism 4 is reduced, and the distance from a seedling shoveling knife mechanism 3 to the seedling conveying mechanism 4 is reduced. The front arm rotating shafts 1-3 are respectively fixed at the rear positions of the outer sides of the triangular crawler belt walking mechanisms 1-1 and used for installing front arms 3-8, and the front arms 3-8 can rotate around the front arm rotating shafts 1-3 so as to adjust the soil penetration depth of the seedling lifting scraper knife mechanism 3. The supporting rod mounting seats 1-4 are fixed on the connecting cross beams 1-2 at the front part and used for mounting supporting rods 3-7 for supporting the seedling scraper knife mechanism 3.

As shown in fig. 3, the frame 2 is a beam frame structure working platform formed by welding a plurality of square tube cross beams 2-1, longitudinal beams 2-2, upright columns 2-3 and hydraulic cylinder mounting seats 2-4, the bottoms of the upright columns 2-3 are welded on the connecting cross beams 1-2 of the crawler chassis 1, and the hydraulic cylinder mounting seats 2-4 are welded on the square tube cross beams 2-1 at the front part. The frame 2 is a comprehensive carrier of a seedling lifting shovel blade mechanism 3, a seedling conveying mechanism 4, a power system 5, a control mechanism 6 and a control platform 7. The frame 2 is parallel to the upper crawler surface of the triangular crawler belt walking mechanism 1-1 of the crawler belt chassis 1, and is also in a form of low front and high back.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the seedling lifting scraper knife mechanism 3 comprises a scraper blade 3-1, a scraper knife body 3-2, a first baffle 3-3, a flow distribution plate 3-4, a seedling pressing rod 3-5, a seedling pressing rod fixing nut 3-6, a support rod 3-7, a front arm 3-8, a limit screw mounting seat 3-9, a limit screw 3-10, a limit nut 3-11 and a hydraulic cylinder 3-12. The shovel blade 3-1 and the shovel blade body 3-2 are combined into a seedling shovel blade, the seedling shovel blade shovels the seedlings with soil and roots together to shovel the seedlings to a certain depth, the seedlings are shunted by a shunt plate 3-4 and pressed by a seedling pressing rod 3-5, and the seedlings are respectively conveyed to seedling conveying mechanisms 4 on two sides.

The cutting edges of the shovel blades 3-1 are saw-toothed cutter teeth arranged at equal intervals, so that the resistance to soil penetration is small, the soil breaking is uniform, the roots of the seedlings can be effectively cut off, the cutter bodies are prevented from being wound by root systems, the damage to the root systems of the seedlings is reduced, and the seedling lifting efficiency and the seedling quality are improved. The shovel blade 3-1 is provided with a row of 90-degree countersunk holes, the shovel blade is fixed on the shovel blade body 3-2 by 90-degree countersunk screws and nuts, and the screw heads sink, so that the flow of the shoveled seedlings and soil on the shovel blade 3-1 is not hindered. The teeth of the shovel blade 3-1 can be resharpened or replaced as a whole after being worn. The shovel blade 3-1 is made of high-carbon steel and has high hardness and high wear resistance after heat treatment, so that the shovel seedling efficiency is improved, and the service life of the shovel blade 3-1 is prolonged. The shovel body 3-2 is a steel plate which is bent to a certain angle in the front and back, the front end bending angle corresponds to the soil-entering and seedling-shoveling angle of the shovel blade 3-1 arranged on the shovel body, and the rear end bending angle corresponds to the seedling-feeding angle of the seedling conveying mechanism 4. The front end of the shovel blade body 3-2 is provided with a hole corresponding to the position of the countersunk hole on the shovel blade 3-1 and used for installing the shovel blade 3-1. The flow distribution plate 3-4 comprises two steel plates which are fixed on the shovel body 3-2 and distributed in a V shape, and matched with the first baffle plates 3-3 at the two sides, the flow distribution plate can evenly divide the shoveled seedlings and soil into two parts, and the two parts are respectively guided to the seedling conveying mechanisms 4 at the two sides after being narrowed.

The seedling pressing rod 3-5 is a polished rod with threads at two ends, a first baffle plate 3-3 at two sides is provided with a seedling pressing rod 3-5 mounting hole, a splitter plate 3-4 is also provided with a row of holes corresponding to the seedling pressing rod 3-5 mounting hole on the first baffle plate 3-3, the seedling pressing rod 3-5 penetrates through the first baffle plate 3-3 and the splitter plate 3-4, two ends of the seedling pressing rod 3-5 are connected and fixed on the first baffle plates 3-3 at two sides with seedling pressing rod fixing nuts 3-6, a seedling is pressed down when passing through the seedling pressing rod 3-5, the root system of the seedling is backward (the advancing direction of the seedling lifter is set as the front, the backward direction is set as the back), and the crown is in front and sequentially enters the seedling conveying mechanisms 4 at two sides; the seedling pressing rod 3-5 mounting holes on the first baffle plates 3-3 at two sides are provided with a plurality of upper and lower hole positions, so that the limiting height of the seedling pressing rod 3-5 can be adjusted according to the actual height of the seedling. Two seedling pressing rod fixing nuts 3-6 are respectively arranged at two ends of the seedling pressing rods 3-5 to clamp the first baffle plates 3-3, so that the seedling pressing rods 3-5 and the first baffle plates 3-3 at two sides are connected into a whole, and the seedling pressing rods 3-5 play a role in tensioning and supporting the first baffle plates 3-3.

A virtual fixed connecting rod is formed by connecting a front arm rotating shaft 1-3 on the crawler chassis 1 with a supporting rod mounting seat 1-4 rotating shaft, and a four-bar mechanism is formed by the scraper knife body 3-2, the supporting rod 3-7 and the front arm 3-8. The hydraulic cylinder 3-12 is arranged between the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat 2-4 and the front arm 3-8.

When the seedling is shoveled, the hydraulic cylinder 3-12 extends out, the front arm 3-8 is pressed downwards, and the shovel body 3-2 and the shovel blade 3-1 are driven to move downwards to the depth of shoveling the seedling. When the walking machine walks, the hydraulic cylinder 3-12 is retracted, the front arm 3-8 is lifted, the shovel blade 3-1 and the shovel blade body 3-2 are driven to move upwards to a high position, and sufficient ground clearance is ensured during walking. The limiting screw mounting seat 3-9 is fixed on the front arm 3-8, the limiting screw 3-10 is fixed on the limiting screw mounting seat 3-9, the limiting screw 3-10 penetrates through a corresponding hole in the rack 2 and is matched with the limiting nut 3-11, and the pressing angle of the front arm 3-8 can be adjusted, so that the seedling shoveling depth can be adjusted.

As shown in fig. 6, the seedling conveying mechanism 4 comprises a support 4-1, a roller 4-2, a conveying belt 4-3, a second baffle 4-4 and a driving motor 4-5. The support 4-1 is a frame of the seedling conveying mechanism 4 and is fixed with the rack 2 through the support 4-1, the top of the support 4-1 is provided with a conveying belt 4-3, two ends of the support 4-1 are connected with rollers 4-2, the roller 4-2 on one side is connected with a driving motor 4-5, and two sides of the conveying belt 4-3 are fixed with second baffles 4-4. When the device works, the driving motor 4-5 drives the roller 4-2 to rotate, the conveyer belt 4-3 is driven to move, and the seedlings on the conveyer belt are conveyed to the rear end from the front end. The seedlings are shoveled by the seedling shoveling knife, are shunted to two sides through the shunting plates 3-4, and are conveyed to the rear by the seedling conveying mechanism 4 to fall down in sequence. The conveying belt 4-3 is a hollow net chain type structure, so that the sliding resistance of the seedlings and the soil can be increased, the seedlings and the soil can be prevented from sliding downwards, in addition, soil falling off from the seedlings in the conveying process can leak from gaps of the net chains on the conveying belt 4-3, and the soil conveying amount on the conveying belt 4-3 is reduced as far as possible. The second baffles 4-4 on both sides of the conveyor belt 4-3 can ensure that the nursery stocks do not fall off from both sides when being conveyed on the conveyor belt 4-3.

As shown in fig. 7, the power system 5 comprises a diesel engine 5-1, a generator 5-2 and a hydraulic pump 5-3, the generator 5-2 and the hydraulic pump 5-3 of the power system 5 are mounted on the frame 2, the diesel engine 5-1 provides main power to the gearbox 6-1 and drives the generator 5-2 and the hydraulic pump 5-3, the main power provided by the diesel engine 5-1 is walking power of the whole seedling lifting device, the generator 5-2 provides running power of the driving motor 4-5 on the seedling conveying mechanism 4, and the hydraulic pump 5-3 provides hydraulic power of the hydraulic cylinder 3-12 in the seedling lifting shovel blade mechanism.

The control mechanism 6 is positioned behind the power system 5, is arranged on the crawler chassis 1 and the frame 2, and comprises a gearbox 6-1, a plurality of control rods 6-2, a control panel 6-3 and a plurality of control buttons 6-4. The gearbox 6-1 can carry out speed change and forward and backward movement operations on main power provided by the diesel engine 5-1, the gear change of the gearbox 6-1 can be adjusted by a plurality of operating levers 6-2, and the speed change and forward and backward movement states of the gearbox 6-1 can be adjusted, and a plurality of control buttons 6-4 are arranged on the control panel 6-3 and can control the opening and closing states of an electric system and a hydraulic valve.

The manipulation platform 7 comprises a standing platform 7-1 and a guardrail 7-2. The control platform 7 is fixed at the rear part of the frame 2, the standing platform 7-1 is used for standing when an operator starts the machine, and the guardrail 7-2 provides safety protection for the operator.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a gardens nursery stock seedling lifter, its characterized in that includes track chassis (1), frame (2), plays seedling shovel sword mechanism (3), nursery stock transport mechanism (4), driving system (5) and controls mechanism (6), wherein, the top of track chassis (1) is fixed with frame (2), and the front portion is connected with seedling shovel sword mechanism (3), and a plurality of nursery stock transport mechanism (4) are installed at frame (2) top, seedling shovel sword mechanism (3) and nursery stock transport mechanism (4) overlap joint, be equipped with driving system (5) between nursery stock transport mechanism (4), one side of driving system (5) is equipped with controls mechanism (6), driving system (5) install in frame (2), control mechanism (6) install in track chassis (1) and frame (2).

2. The garden seedling lifter according to claim 1, characterized in that the crawler chassis (1) comprises a pair of walking mechanisms (1-1) distributed at intervals, a forearm rotating shaft (1-3) is connected between the walking mechanisms (1-1) at two sides, the walking mechanisms (1-1) are arranged obliquely, a plurality of connecting beams (1-2) are fixed at the tops of the walking mechanisms, a supporting rod mounting seat (1-4) is arranged at the front of the walking mechanisms, supporting rods (3-7) are connected to the supporting rod mounting seat (1-4), and the supporting rods (3-7) are connected with the seedling lifting scraper mechanism (3).

3. The garden seedling lifter according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame (2) comprises a plurality of square tube cross beams (2-1) and longitudinal beams (2-2), the frame (2) is fixedly connected with the crawler chassis (1) through columns (2-3), and hydraulic cylinder mounting seats (2-4) are fixed at two ends of the square tube cross beam (2-1) located at the foremost end.

4. The garden seedling lifter according to claim 1, characterized in that the seedling lifting scraper mechanism (3) comprises a scraper body (3-2), the scraper body (3-2) adopts a bending structure and comprises a first bending plate and a second bending plate, wherein the first bending plate is provided with a scraper blade (3-1), the cutting edge of the scraper blade (3-1) is saw-toothed cutter teeth arranged at equal intervals, the end part of the second bending plate is lapped with a conveyor belt (4-3) of the seedling conveying mechanism (4), the second bending plate is provided with splitter plates (3-4) distributed in a V shape, first baffle plates (3-3) are fixed on two sides of the second bending plate, and seedling pressing rods (3-5) penetrate between the first baffle plates (3-3) and the splitter plates (3-4).

5. The garden seedling lifter according to claim 4, characterized in that forearms (3-8) are mounted on two sides of the second bending plate, and the other ends of the forearms (3-8) are connected with the forearm rotating shafts (1-3).

6. The garden seedling lifter according to claim 5, characterized in that a limiting screw mounting seat (3-9) is fixed on the front arm (3-8), a limiting screw (3-10) is fixed in the limiting screw mounting seat (3-9), and the limiting screw (3-10) passes through a corresponding hole on the frame (2) and is matched with a limiting nut (3-11).

7. The garden seedling lifter according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a hydraulic cylinder (3-12) is installed between the front arm (3-8) and the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat (2-4).

8. The garden seedling lifter according to claim 1, characterized in that the seedling conveying mechanism (4) comprises a support (4-1), the bottom of the support (4-1) is fixedly connected with the frame (2), a conveyor belt (4-3) is arranged at the top of the support (4-1), rollers (4-2) are arranged at two ends of the support (4-1), one of the rollers (4-2) is connected with a driving motor (4-5), second baffles (4-4) are arranged at two ends of the conveyor belt (4-3), and the conveyor belt (4-3) is of a hollow net chain type structure.

9. The garden seedling lifter according to claim 1, characterized in that the power system (5) comprises a diesel engine (5-1), a generator (5-2) and a hydraulic pump (5-3), wherein the generator (5-2) and the hydraulic pump (5-3) are fixed on the frame (2), and the diesel engine (5-1) is connected with a gearbox (6-1) of the control mechanism (6).

10. The garden seedling lifter according to claim 1, characterized in that a control platform (7) is mounted at the rear of the frame (2).