CN110642621B - 一种高性能用于电子烟油雾化的压电陶瓷及其制作方法 - Google Patents

一种高性能用于电子烟油雾化的压电陶瓷及其制作方法 Download PDF

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CN110642621B
CN110642621B CN201910999740.3A CN201910999740A CN110642621B CN 110642621 B CN110642621 B CN 110642621B CN 201910999740 A CN201910999740 A CN 201910999740A CN 110642621 B CN110642621 B CN 110642621B
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何龙
施小罗
范文筹
刘志潜
刘宗玉
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Hunan Yuntian Atomization Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高性能用于电子烟油雾化的压电陶瓷,其主要成分包括99.7wt%铌锡‑锆钛酸铅三元系材料及O.3wt%的微量杂质,铌锡‑锆钛酸铅三元系材料的化学通式为Pb(1‑x‑y)BaxCay[(Sn1/3Nb2/3)(1‑m‑n)ZrmTin]O3;其中所述化学通式中:x=O.O1~O.O7;y=O.O1~O.O7;m=O.4O~O.48;n=‑O.45~O.49。本发明材料压电陶瓷材料具有较高的压电应变常数d33和机电耦合系数kp,适中的机械品质因数和介质损耗,是一种高性能的压电陶瓷材料。

Description

一种高性能用于电子烟油雾化的压电陶瓷及其制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及压电陶瓷领域,尤其涉及一种高性能用于电子烟油雾化的压电陶瓷及其制作方法。
背景技术
随着科技的发展和社会的进步,人们对健康的理解认识也在不断提高,在这种大环境下,电子烟作为香烟或卷烟的替代品应运而生,满足广大烟民对香烟依赖的同时,大幅降低对自身和他人健康的危害。超声雾化电子烟产品在工作过程中,压电超声雾化片(简称雾化片)处在干烧状态,雾化片表面瞬间温度会达到17O℃,这与传统的超声雾化应用技术有很大的区别,传统的超声雾化应用,会避免雾化片处在干烧状态,雾化片表面瞬间温度一般在12O℃以下。由于雾化片长期处在干烧工作状态,容易导致雾化片性能快速衰减,使用寿命短,一般在工作2OOO口,每口持续时间5秒,烟雾量明显衰减,雾化不稳定、保护层脱落等问题。
因为急需研发出一种使用温度高、衰减小、寿命长的可应用于电子烟油雾化的压电陶瓷,以解决现有电子烟超声波雾化片在使用过程中的衰减过快问题。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于解决现有电子烟超声波雾化片在使用过程中的衰减过快问题。提供一种使用温度高、衰减小、寿命长的可应用于电子烟油雾化的压电陶瓷。针对现有技术的上述缺陷,提供一种高性能用于电子烟油雾化的压电陶瓷,本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种高性能用于电子烟油雾化的压电陶瓷包括:99.7wt%的铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系材料及O.3wt%的微量杂质;所述铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系材料的化学通式为Pb(1-x-y)BaxCay[(Sn1/3Nb2/3)(1-m-n)ZrmTin]O3,其中所述化学通式中:x=O.O1~O.O7;y=O.O1~O.O7;m=O.4O~O.48;n=O.45~O.49。
优选的,所述化学通式中的Sn采用分析纯级的SnO,Ba采用分析纯级的BaCO3,Ca采用分析纯级的CaCO3
优选的,所述微量杂质包括MnO2、HfO2、Co2O3、Bi2O3、Li2CO3及Al2O3
优选的,所述MnO2占总组成的O.2wt%,所述HfO2和所述Co2O3占总组成O.O7wt%,所述Bi2O3和所述Li2CO3占总组成O.O2wt%,所述Al2O3占总组成O.O1wt%。
优选的,所述HfO2和所述Co2O3的占比比例为3:7,所述Bi2O3和所述Li2CO3的占比比例为6:4。
根据本发明的另一个方面,一种高性能的压电陶瓷的制作方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:配料,按配方准确的称取对应的原料放入容器中,待用;
S2:混料,将称量好的原料加去离子水放入氧化锆罐投入行星球球磨后用分样筛滤掉杂质、大颗粒和锆球后烘干;
S3:预烧,将烘干后的原料碾碎后装入预烧坩埚后放入马弗炉进行预烧;
S4:细磨,将预烧后的原料破碎加去离子水放入氧化锆罐投入行星球球磨后用分样筛滤掉杂质、大颗粒和锆球后烘干;
S5:轧膜成型,将细磨后的原料依次经过粗轧、并轧、减薄、精轧及冲片步骤后形成的坯片放入匣钵中;
S6:排胶烧成,将装有坯片的匣钵放入排胶炉中排胶后放入马弗炉进行烧结,烧结后形成压电陶瓷片;
S7:清洗、上电极,用无水乙醇将压电陶瓷片表面的清洗干净后用手工印刷机将压电陶瓷片两面依次被上电极后放入网带炉进行烘干后放置12小时;
S8:极化,将有电极压电陶瓷片放入高压电场进行极化,被极化完成的压电陶瓷片放置12h。
优选的,所述步骤S2和所述步骤S4中,所述烘干条件为烘干温度12O℃、烘干时长1Oh,所述分样筛为2OO目。
优选的,所述步骤S3中的预烧曲线为39Omin升到1O45℃,保温12Omin。
优选的,所述步骤S6中烧成曲线为8h升到13O5℃,保温12Omin。
优选的,所述步骤S7中的放入网带炉的烘干条件为烘干温度为72O℃,烘干时长为35min。
和现有技术相比,本发明的有益技术效果在于:所制备的压电陶瓷其机械品质因素(Qm)为1545左右,径向机电耦合系数(Kp)为O.65左右,压电应变常数(d33)为34OpC/N左右,介质损耗为(tgδ)平均小于O.O4%。该压电陶瓷应用于电子烟雾化其使用适应温度高、衰减小、寿命长的,解决了现有电子烟超声波雾化片在使用过程中的衰减过快问题。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,下文将描述了实现本发明采用的实施例。应明白,还可使用其他的实施例,或者对本文所举的实施例进行结构和功能上的修改,而不会脱离本发明的范围和实质。
实施例一
本实施例提供了一种铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系的压电陶瓷材料,其组成为99.7wt%的铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系材料及O.3wt%的微量杂质;铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系材料的化学通式为Pb(1-x-y)BaxCay[(Sn1/3Nb2/3)(1-m-n)ZrmTin]O3,其中化学通式中:x=O.O3;y=O.O2;m=O.44;n=O.49。
具体的,Sn用分析纯级的SnO,Ba用分析纯级的BaCO3,Ca用分析纯级的CaCO3
更具体的,其微量杂质包括占总组成的O.2wt%的二氧化锰MnO2,占总组成O.O7wt%的氧化铪HfO2和氧化钴Co2O3,占总组成O.O2wt%的氧化铋Bi2O3和碳酸锂Li2CO3,占总组成O.O1wt%的三氧化二铝Al2O3
更具体的,氧化铪HfO2和氧化钴Co2O3的占比比例为3:7,氧化铋Bi2O3和碳酸锂Li2CO3的占比比例为6:4。
具体的,本实施例中铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系的压电陶瓷的制备方法如下:
S1:配料,按该配方的化学计量比准确的称取对应的原料放入容器中,待用;
具体的,步骤S1称取的原料最好放入不锈钢盆中,其内壁比较光滑,不会粘料,可以保证实际投料的准确性。
S2:混料,将称量好的原料加去离子水放入氧化锆罐投入行星球球磨后用分样筛滤掉杂质、大颗粒和锆球后烘干;
具体的,步骤S2包括将氧化锆罐用去离子水洗净后加入52Og洗离子水后投入行星球磨12Omin,将不锈钢盆和2OO目分样筛用去离子水冲洗干净后,将混磨后的料浆过2OO目分样筛虑掉杂质、大颗粒和锆球,将用不锈钢盆装好的浆料放入烘箱烘干。更具体的,该烘干温度为12O℃、烘干时长为1Oh。
S3:预烧,将烘干后的原料碾碎后装入预烧坩埚后放入马弗炉进行预烧;
具体的,步骤S3中的预烧曲线为39Omin升到1O45℃,保温时长为12Omin。
S4:细磨,将预烧后的原料破碎加去离子水放入氧化锆罐投入行星球球磨后用分样筛滤掉杂质、大颗粒和锆球后烘干;
具体的,步骤S4包括将预烧好的粉料破碎,其颗粒小于3mm,装入用去离子水洗净后氧化锆罐的同时加入52Og洗离子水后投入行星球磨12Omin,将不锈钢盆和2OO目分样筛用去离子水冲洗干净后,将混磨后的料浆过2OO目分样筛虑掉杂质、大颗粒和锆球,将用不锈钢盆装好的浆料放入烘箱烘干。更具体的,该烘干温度为12O℃、烘干时长1Oh。
S5:轧膜成型,将细磨后的原料依次经过粗轧、并轧、减薄、精轧及冲片步骤后形成的坯片放入匣钵中;
具体的,步骤S5中的粗轧包括如下步骤:
a.将细磨烘干的粉料碾碎,加18%的PVA初步混匀;
b.用铲刀将粉料和胶水上精轧机粗轧;
c.下料后用干净的小塑料袋密封陈腐16h以上。
更具体的,在粗轧过程中需尽可能的用铲刀干预,使粉料和胶混合均匀,上料后15分钟左右开启电风扇,整个粗轧过程大概在6Omin左右。
具体的,步骤S5中的并轧包括如下步骤:
a.取陈腐完成的料块在精轧机上进行并轧,其并轧厚度为1.8mm;
b.用切刀将并轧完成的料片沿宽度方向切成所需尺寸的小料片;
c.用干净的真空袋将小料片包裹密封陈腐不少于16h。
更具体的,并轧完成的料片,厚度分散应不大于2Oμm,料片要柔软,目测无气泡。
具体的,步骤S5中的减薄包括如下步骤:
a.将取陈腐完成的料片,分两次将料片沿长度方向减薄到1.2mm;
b.将减薄完成的料片放在晾片上进行晾干,提升坯片的密度;
c.收取料片沿宽度方向按所需尺寸进行切片,用干净的塑料袋密封保存切片。
更具体的,当坯片的密度大于5.45时可以收取料片,晾片的时长约为4h。
具体的,步骤S5中的精轧包括如下步骤:
a.将坯片在精轧机上进行精轧;
b.将精轧好的坯片密封保存并做好标识。
更具体的,精轧后的坯片厚度为975±5μm。
具体的,步骤S5中的冲片包括如下步骤:
a.取精轧完成的坯片用脚踏冲机将坯片冲剪成所需尺寸、形状的坯片。
b.将坯片放入匣钵中。
S6:排胶烧成,将装有坯片的匣钵放入排胶炉中排胶后放入马弗炉进行烧结,烧结后形成压电陶瓷片;
具体的,步骤S6中的排胶时长为72h,在烧成过程中用隔离粉将坯片进行隔离放入氧化铝坩埚在放入马弗炉进行烧成。更具体的,其烧成曲线为8h升温到13O5℃,保温时长为12Omin。
S7:清洗、上电极,用无水乙醇将压电陶瓷片表面的清洗干净后用手工印刷机将压电陶瓷片两面依次被上电极后放入网带炉进行烘干后放置12小时;
具体的,步骤S7中的还包括将刷好一面电极的瓷片在12O℃的烘箱烘3Omin在引另一面电极。更具体的,被上的电极为φ9.5,网带炉中的烘干条件为烘干温度72O℃,烘干时长为35min。
具体的,步骤S8中的极化条件为极化电压为1.2kv,极化温度为36O℃。
S8:极化,将有电极压电陶瓷片放入高压电场进行极化,被极化完成的压电陶瓷片放置12h。
经测试得知:本实施例制备得到的高温压电陶瓷材料性能参数如下:其机械品质因素(Qm)为1934,径向机电耦合系数(Kp)为O.69,压电应变常数(d33)为37OpC/N,介质损耗为(tgδ)为O.6%。
实施例二
本实施例提供了一种铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系的压电陶瓷材料,其组成包括99.7wt%的铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系材料及O.3wt%的微量杂质;其化学通式为Pb(1-x-y)BaxCay[(Sn1/3Nb2/3)(1-m-n)ZrmTin]O3
具体的,其中x=O.O4;y=O.O1;m=O.46;n=O.47,其他成分和实施步骤与实施例一基本一致,在此不一一赘述,经测试得知:本实施例制备得到的高温压电陶瓷材料性能参数如下:其机械品质因素(Qm)为11O5,径向机电耦合系数(Kp)为O.58,压电应变常数(d33)为285pC/N,介质损耗为(tgδ)为O.3%。
实施例三
本实施例提供了一种铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系的压电陶瓷材料,其组成包括99.7wt%的铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系材料及O.3wt%的微量杂质;其化学通式为Pb(1-x-y)BaxCay[(Sn1/3Nb2/3)(1-m-n)ZrmTin]O3
具体的,其中x=O.O6;y=O.O2;m=O.475;n=O.48,其他成分和实施步骤与实施例一基本一致,在此不一一赘述,经测试得知:本实施例制备得到的高温压电陶瓷材料性能参数如下:其机械品质因素(Qm)为1O42,径向机电耦合系数(Kp)为O.74,压电应变常数(d33)为427pC/N,介质损耗为(tgδ)为O.5%。
实施例四
本实施例提供了一种铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系的压电陶瓷材料,其组成包括99.7wt%的铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系材料及O.3wt%的微量杂质;其化学通式为Pb(1-x-y)BaxCay[(Sn1/3Nb2/3)(1-m-n)ZrmTin]O3
具体的,其中x=O.O7;y=O.O1;m=O.48;n=O.48,其他成分和实施步骤与实施例一基本一致,在此不一一赘述,经测试得知:本实施例制备得到的高温压电陶瓷材料性能参数如下:其机械品质因素(Qm)为145O,径向机电耦合系数(Kp)为O.65,压电应变常数(d33)为289pC/N,介质损耗为(tgδ)为O.4%。
实施例五
本实施例提供了一种铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系的压电陶瓷材料,其组成包括99.7wt%的铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系材料及O.3wt%的微量杂质;其化学通式为Pb(1-x-y)BaxCay[(Sn1/3Nb2/3)(1-m-n)ZrmTin]O3
具体的,其中x=O.O5;y=O.O1;m=O.46;n=O.47,其他成分和实施步骤与实施例一基本一致,在此不一一赘述,经测试得知:本实施例制备得到的高温压电陶瓷材料性能参数如下:其机械品质因素(Qm)为1563,径向机电耦合系数(Kp)为O.64,压电应变常数(d33)为345pC/N,介质损耗为(tgδ)为O.3%。
实施例六
本实施例提供了一种铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系的压电陶瓷材料,其组成包括99.7wt%的铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系材料及O.3wt%的微量杂质;其化学通式为Pb(1-x-y)BaxCay[(Sn1/3Nb2/3)(1-m-n)ZrmTin]O3
具体的,其中x=O.O3;y=O.O2;m=O.45;n=O.48,其他成分和实施步骤与实施例一基本一致,在此不一一赘述,经测试得知:本实施例制备得到的高温压电陶瓷材料性能参数如下:其机械品质因素(Qm)为1847,径向机电耦合系数(Kp)为O.62,压电应变常数(d33)为323pC/N,介质损耗为(tgδ)为O.5%。
实施例七
本实施例提供了一种铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系的压电陶瓷材料,其组成包括99.7wt%的铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系材料及O.3wt%的微量杂质;其化学通式为Pb(1-x-y)BaxCay[(Sn1/3Nb2/3)(1-m-n)ZrmTin]O3
具体的,其中x=O.O6;y=O.O2;m=O.48;n=O.485,其他成分和实施步骤与实施例一基本一致,在此不一一赘述,经测试得知:本实施例制备得到的高温压电陶瓷材料性能参数如下:其机械品质因素(Qm)为1877,径向机电耦合系数(Kp)为O.66,压电应变常数(d33)为372pC/N,介质损耗为(tgδ)为O.5%。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,本领域技术人员知悉,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以对这些特征和实施例进行各种改变或等同替换。另外,在本发明的教导下,可以对这些特征和实施例进行修改以适应具体的情况及材料而不会脱离本发明的精神和范围。因此,本发明不受此处所公开的具体实施例的限制,所有落入本申请的权利要求范围内的实施例都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种高性能用于电子烟油雾化的压电陶瓷,其特征在于,所述压电陶瓷的组成包括99.7wt%铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系材料的及0 .3wt%的微量杂质;
所述铌锡-锆钛酸铅三元系材料的化学通式为Pb(1-x-y)BaxCay[(Sn1/3Nb2/3) (1-m-n)ZrmTin]O3
其中所述化学通式中:x=0 .01 ~0 .07 ;y=0 .01 ~0 .07 ;m=0 .40 ~0 .48;n=0 .45~0 .49;
所述微量杂质包括MnO2、HfO2、Co2O3、Bi2O3、Li2CO3及Al2O3
所述MnO2占总组成的0 .2wt%,所述HfO2和所述Co2O3占总组成0 .07wt %,所述Bi2O3和所述Li2CO3占总组成0 .02wt %,所述Al2O3占总组成0 .01wt %;
所述HfO2和所述Co2O3的占比比例为3:7,所述Bi2O3和所述Li2CO3的占比比例为6:4。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能用于电子烟油雾化的压电陶瓷,其特征在于,所述化学通式中的Sn采用分析纯级的SnO,Ba采用分析纯级的BaCO3,Ca采用分析纯级的CaCO3
3.根据权利要求1-2所述的任一一种高性能用于电子烟油雾化的压电陶瓷的制作方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1:配料,按配方准确的称取对应的原料放入容器中,待用;
S2:混料,将称量好的原料加去离子水放入氧化锆罐投入行星球球磨后用分样筛滤掉杂质、大颗粒和锆球后烘干;
S3:预烧,将烘干后的原料碾碎后装入预烧坩埚后放入马弗炉进行预烧;所述步骤S3中的预烧曲线为390min 升到1045 ℃,保温120min ;
S4:细磨,将预烧后的原料破碎加去离子水放入氧化锆罐投入行星球球磨后用分样筛滤掉杂质、大颗粒和锆球后烘干;
S5:轧膜成型,将细磨烘干后的原料依次经过粗轧、并轧、减薄、精轧及冲片步骤后形成的坯片放入匣钵中;
S6:排胶烧成,将装有坯片的匣钵放入排胶炉中排胶后放入马弗炉进行烧结,烧结后形成压电陶瓷片;所述步骤S6中烧成曲线为8h升到1305 ℃,保温120min ;
S7:清洗、上电极,用无水乙醇将压电陶瓷片表面的清洗干净后用手工印刷机将压电陶瓷片两面依次被上电极后放入网带炉进行烘干后放置12小时;
S8:极化,将有电极压电陶瓷片放入高压电场进行极化,被极化完成的压电陶瓷片放置12h。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种高性能用于电子烟油雾化的压电陶瓷的制作方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2和所述步骤S4中,所述烘干条件为烘干温度120 ℃、烘干时长10h ,所述分样筛为200 目。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种高性能用于电子烟油雾化的压电陶瓷的制作方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S7中的放入网带炉的烘干条件为烘干温度为720 ℃,烘干时长为35min。
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