CN110624026A - 一种兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：（1）取大青叶250‑350g、板蓝根650‑750g、杨树花250‑350g、金银花150‑250g；（2）将步骤（1）各组分混合后放入提取罐中，加入6‑9倍量的水，煎煮1‑2.5小时，再加入5‑7倍量的水，煎煮1‑2小时，浓缩3L；（3）向步骤（2）浓缩液中加入淀粉酶14‑17g，煮沸15‑30分钟，冷却后加入壳聚糖10‑14g，再升温至70‑85℃，加热1.5‑2.5小时；（4）将步骤（3）浓缩液降温至40℃以下，加入澄清剂30‑40g，静置10‑15分钟，再加入辅助剂25‑35g，静置过夜，浓缩至密度为1.2的浸膏；（5）向步骤（4）浸膏中加入糊精200g、蔗糖1000g，混合均匀后制粒、干燥制成兽用抗病毒颗粒剂；本发明采用酶解方法提高各组分有效成分的提取率，具有药效好、无有机溶剂残留和成本低的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于兽药中药技术领域，具体涉及一种兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的制备方法。
背景技术
中药颗粒剂是在汤剂和糖浆剂的基础上发展起来的一种剂型，既保证了汤剂的全部特征，吸收快、药效强、药效高，同时又不需要煎煮，可直接冲服，且具有服用量少、安全卫生、携带保存方便等优点，非常适合现代化、集约化养殖场临床给药。
抗病毒颗粒剂对流感、高热、圆环等病毒性疾病有很好的治疗和预防效果，针对临床上出现的高烧、采食量下降、精神沉郁、猪群免疫力低下等情况都有很好的效果，能够有效解决对动物机体有害的物质，如霉菌毒素、抗生素残留、细菌和病毒的代谢产物、白体代谢的废物、各种应激因素及有害有毒气体等，而传统制备兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的工艺复杂，存在无有机溶剂残留，制备成本高，且制备出的兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的药效低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足而提供一种兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的制备方法，以增强药效，并减少制备成本。
为了达到以上目的，本发明的技术方案如下：
一种兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）取大青叶250-350g、板蓝根650-750g、杨树花250-350g、金银花150-250g，备用；
（2）将步骤（1）中配方量的大青叶、板蓝根、杨树花、金银花进行混合，混合后放入提取罐中，加入6-9倍量的水，煎煮1-2.5小时，随后再次加入5-7倍量的水，煎煮1-2小时，随后浓缩至3L；
（3）向步骤（2）的浓缩液中加入淀粉酶14-17g，煮沸15-30分钟，冷却后加入壳聚糖10-14g，再升温至70-85℃，加热1.5-2.5小时；
（4）将步骤（3）的浓缩液降温至40℃以下，加入澄清剂30-40g，静置10-15分钟，再加入辅助剂25-35g，静置过夜，随后浓缩至密度为1.2的浸膏；
（5）向步骤（4）的浸膏中加入糊精200g、蔗糖1000g，混合均匀后，制粒、干燥制成兽用抗病毒颗粒剂。
所述的步骤（4）中，澄清剂为101果汁澄清剂。
所述的步骤（4）中，辅助剂为分子筛凝胶。
本发明的技术效果和优点：
本发明采用酶解的方法能将原料组分的有效成分完全提取出来，制备步骤简单，节约了成本，同时与传统方法相比，具有提取率高、中药有效成分不被破坏、无有机溶剂残留和工艺简单的优点。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明中的实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
一种兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）取大青叶300g、板蓝根700g、杨树花300g、金银花200g，备用；
（2）将步骤（1）中配方量的大青叶、板蓝根、杨树花、金银花进行混合，混合后放入提取罐中，加入8倍量的水，煎煮2小时，随后再次加入5倍量的水，煎煮1小时，随后浓缩至3L；
（3）向步骤（2）的浓缩液中加入淀粉酶15g，煮沸15分钟，冷却后加入壳聚糖12g，再升温至80℃，加热2小时；
（4）将步骤（3）的浓缩液降温至35℃，加入101果汁澄清剂30g，静置10分钟，再加入分子筛凝胶30g，静置过夜，随后浓缩至密度为1.2的浸膏；
（5）向步骤（4）的浸膏中加入糊精200g、蔗糖1000g，混合均匀后，制粒、干燥制成兽用抗病毒颗粒剂。
实施例2：
一种兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）取大青叶250g、板蓝根650g、杨树花250g、金银花150g，备用；
（2）将步骤（1）中配方量的大青叶、板蓝根、杨树花、金银花进行混合，混合后放入提取罐中，加入6倍量的水，煎煮1小时，随后再次加入6倍量的水，煎煮1.5小时，随后浓缩至3L；
（3）向步骤（2）的浓缩液中加入淀粉酶17g，煮沸20分钟，冷却后加入壳聚糖14g，再升温至70℃，加热2.5小时；
（4）将步骤（3）的浓缩液降温至40℃，加入101果汁澄清剂35g，静置12分钟，再加入分子筛凝胶25g，静置过夜，随后浓缩至密度为1.2的浸膏；
（5）向步骤（4）的浸膏中加入糊精200g、蔗糖1000g，混合均匀后，制粒、干燥制成兽用抗病毒颗粒剂。
实施例3：
一种兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）取大青叶350g、板蓝根750g、杨树花350g、金银花250g，备用；
（2）将步骤（1）中配方量的大青叶、板蓝根、杨树花、金银花进行混合，混合后放入提取罐中，加入9倍量的水，煎煮2.5小时，随后再次加入7倍量的水，煎煮2小时，随后浓缩至3L；
（3）向步骤（2）的浓缩液中加入淀粉酶14g，煮沸30分钟，冷却后加入壳聚糖10g，再升温至85℃，加热1.5小时；
（4）将步骤（3）的浓缩液降温至38℃，加入101果汁澄清剂40g，静置15分钟，再加入分子筛凝胶35g，静置过夜，随后浓缩至密度为1.2的浸膏；
（5）向步骤（4）的浸膏中加入糊精200g、蔗糖1000g，混合均匀后，制粒、干燥制成兽用抗病毒颗粒剂。
产品鉴定：
（1）分别取0.5g实施例1-3制备的兽用抗病毒颗粒剂，加入5ml水，使其完全溶解，然后静置，取上清液点于滤纸上，晾干，置于365nm的紫外光灯下观察，结果均显示蓝色荧光。
（2）采用薄层色谱法鉴别本产品：分别取适量实施例1-3制备的兽用抗病毒颗粒剂，研细，取0.5g细粉，加入20ml稀乙醇，超声处理10分钟，然后滤过，滤液蒸干，向残渣中加入1ml稀乙醇，使其溶解，作为供试品溶液；另取精氨酸，加入稀乙醇制成每1ml含0.5mg的溶液，作为对照品；吸取上述两种溶液各2μL，分别点于同一以羧甲基纤维素钠为黏合剂的硅胶G薄层板上，以正丁醇-冰醋酸-水15:7:7为展开剂展开，取出后热风吹干，喷以茚三酮试液，在105℃下加热至斑点显色清晰，结果显示供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显示相同颜色的斑点。
以下通过临床动物试验来说明本发明的有益效果，通过试验对兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的药效进行考察。
试验例1
试验动物：50日龄三黄肉鸡5000只。
病症：发病5天，大群精神不好，每天死亡20多只，拉黄白色、绿色粪便，呼吸困难。
剖检结果：解剖见肝周炎，腹膜炎，腺胃粘膜出血，肠道粘膜出血，胰腺坏死、出血，气管严重出血，经诊断为温和性流感和大肠杆菌病的混合感染。
试验药物：市售常规抗菌药物、实施例1制备的抗病毒颗粒。
试验结果：使用市售常规抗菌药物效果为每天死亡数减少到8只，精神有好转，用药第5天，死亡3只，采食恢复正常；使用实施例1制备的兽用抗病毒颗粒剂，每天死亡数减少到5只，精神好转，用药第4天，死亡1只，采食恢复正常。
试验例2
试验动物：30日龄白羽快大型肉鸡5000只。
病症：发病7天，大群精神不振，饲饮下降，甩鼻，呼噜，怪叫，拉白色、绿色稀便，每天死亡15只。
剖检结果：解剖见腺胃出血，脾脏坏死，胰腺坏死、出血，气管严重出血，腺胃粘膜出血，肠道粘膜出血，鼻腔粘液，盲肠扁桃体肿胀出血，诊断为流行性感冒。
试验药物：市售常规抗菌药物、实施例2制备的抗病毒颗粒。
试验结果：使用市售常规抗菌药物效果为每天死亡数减少到9只，精神有好转，用药第5天，死亡2只，采食恢复正常；使用实施例2制备的兽用抗病毒颗粒剂，用药3天，每天死亡数减少到5只，精神好转，采食增加，用药5天后，死亡停止，采食恢复正常。
试验例3
试验动物：20日龄蛋鸡5000只。
病症：发病5天，大群精神不好，每天死亡15只，主要特征是呼吸困难、便稀、神经紊乱、黏膜和浆膜出血。
剖检结果：解剖见十二指肠粘膜、卵黄病柄前后的淋巴结、盲肠扁桃体、回直肠粘膜等部位的出血，经诊断为鸡新城疫。
试验药物：市售常规抗菌药物、实施例3制备的抗病毒颗粒。
试验结果：使用市售常规抗菌药物效果为每天死亡数减少到10只，精神有好转，用药第5天，死亡4只，采食恢复正常；使用实施例3制备的兽用抗病毒颗粒剂，每天死亡数减少到6只，精神好转，用药第5天，死亡2只，采食恢复正常。
通过以上临床试验数据可知，本发明实施例1-3制备的兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的药效明显优于市售常规抗菌药物的药效，且本发明采用酶解的方法能将原料组分的有效成分完全提取出来，制备步骤简单，节约了成本，同时与传统方法相比，具有提取率高、中药有效成分不被破坏、无有机溶剂残留和工艺简单的优点。
Claims (3)
1.一种兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）取大青叶250-350g、板蓝根650-750g、杨树花250-350g、金银花150-250g，备用；
（2）将步骤（1）中配方量的大青叶、板蓝根、杨树花、金银花进行混合，混合后放入提取罐中，加入6-9倍量的水，煎煮1-2.5小时，随后再次加入5-7倍量的水，煎煮1-2小时，随后浓缩至3L；
（3）向步骤（2）的浓缩液中加入淀粉酶14-17g，煮沸15-30分钟，冷却后加入壳聚糖10-14g，再升温至70-85℃，加热1.5-2.5小时；
（4）将步骤（3）的浓缩液降温至40℃以下，加入澄清剂30-40g，静置10-15分钟，再加入辅助剂25-35g，静置过夜，随后浓缩至密度为1.2的浸膏；
（5）向步骤（4）的浸膏中加入糊精200g、蔗糖1000g，混合均匀后，制粒、干燥制成兽用抗病毒颗粒剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤（4）中，澄清剂为101果汁澄清剂。
3.如权利要求1所述的兽用抗病毒颗粒剂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤（4）中，辅助剂为分子筛凝胶。
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| CN1188003A (zh) * | 1997-01-13 | 1998-07-22 | 上海中药制药三厂 | 感冒退热冲剂的絮凝法制备工艺 |
| CN101618140A (zh) * | 2009-06-05 | 2010-01-06 | 河南黑马动物药业有限公司 | 一种防治猪蓝耳病的中兽药注射液及其生产工艺 |
| CN103006914A (zh) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-04-03 | 河南牧翔动物药业有限公司 | 一种兽用板青颗粒及其制备方法 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1188003A (zh) * | 1997-01-13 | 1998-07-22 | 上海中药制药三厂 | 感冒退热冲剂的絮凝法制备工艺 |
| CN101618140A (zh) * | 2009-06-05 | 2010-01-06 | 河南黑马动物药业有限公司 | 一种防治猪蓝耳病的中兽药注射液及其生产工艺 |
| CN103006914A (zh) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-04-03 | 河南牧翔动物药业有限公司 | 一种兽用板青颗粒及其制备方法 |
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