CN112891482B - 一种治疗新型冠状病毒感染的组合物 - Google Patents
一种治疗新型冠状病毒感染的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种用于病毒性感染的组合物,所述组合物由下列药材制成:金银花、连翘、桑叶、菊花、薏苡仁、浙贝母和苦杏仁。所述组合物具有清热化痰利湿功效,对新型冠状病毒肺炎早、中期患者的症状、指标具有改善作用,延缓疾病进程、控制病情发展。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及一种用于治疗新型冠状病毒感染的中药复方制剂,属于中药技术领域。
背景技术
新型冠状病毒肺炎是指新型冠状病毒(Coronavirus,CoV)即SARS-CoV- 2感染导致的肺炎,是一种SARS-CoV-2感染引起的急性呼吸道传染病。世界卫生组织宣布这一疫情为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。然而,SARS-CoV-2 疫情形势和规模发展迅速,临床重症患者病情进展较快,而针对SARS-CoV- 2感染的研究刚刚起步,有效治疗药物及病毒疫苗研发大大滞后,临床上极度缺乏针对性治疗措施,迫切需要寻找和开发新的治疗方法和药物。中医药在历次新突发传染病防治中发挥了独特作用,特别是在针对SARS、H1N1、H7N9、Ebola等疫情的防治方面取得了较好的临床效果,因此,中医药防治新型冠状病毒肺炎有望成为应对这一疾病的有效途径。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
经过对新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的临床一线诊疗经验积累,本发明人采集了患者四诊信息,患者多干咳无痰且脉弦,根据此次疫情发生于冬、春,冬春燥令,盖肺为娇脏,喜润而恶燥,燥邪侵犯肺系,影响肺之宣发肃降功能并灼伤肺津,所以认为本病病机为风温犯肺,应以清热解毒润燥为基本治则贯穿始终,以银翘散、桑菊饮选金银花、连翘、桑叶、菊花为基础方。
本申请公开了一种用于治疗病毒性感染的中药复方制剂,是以金银花,连翘,桑叶,菊花,薏苡仁,浙贝母,苦杏仁为原料药进行组方,用于新型冠状病毒肺炎证属痰湿壅肺型的患者。本申请遵循中医辨证论治的基本原则,选取原料组成和用量配比,各组分之间能相互协调、相互促进,起到协同增效的作用,具有清热化痰利湿功效,对新冠肺炎早、中期患者具有该型中医证候患者的症状、指标具有改善作用,延缓疾病进程、控制病情发展,在新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的治疗中取得了确切疗效。
本申请的药物制剂的功能主治:清热化痰利湿,用于新型冠状病毒肺炎证属痰湿壅肺型的患者。
具体地,本申请提供一种用于病毒性感染的组合物,所述组合物由下列药材制成:金银花、连翘、桑叶、菊花、薏苡仁、浙贝母和苦杏仁。
在本申请中,所述组合物可以主要由下列药材制成:金银花、连翘、桑叶、菊花、薏苡仁、浙贝母和苦杏仁组成。
在本申请中,所述组合物可以由下列重量份的药材制成:金银花20-45份、连翘20-45份、桑叶10-20份、菊花9-15份、薏苡仁20-45份、浙贝母9-20 份和苦杏仁6-15份。
在本申请中,所述组合物可以主要由下列重量份的药材制成:金银花20- 45份、连翘20-45份、桑叶10-20份、菊花9-15份、薏苡仁20-45份、浙贝母9-20份和苦杏仁6-15份。
在本申请中,所述组合物可以由下列重量份的药材制成:金银花20-30份、连翘20-30份、桑叶9-15份、菊花9-12份、薏苡仁20-30份、浙贝母9-15份和苦杏仁6-10份。
在本申请中,所述组合物可以主要由下列重量份的药材制成:金银花20- 30份、连翘20-30份、桑叶9-15份、菊花9-12份、薏苡仁20-30份、浙贝母 9-15份和苦杏仁6-10份。
在本申请中,所述组合物可以由下列重量份的药材制成:金银花30份、连翘30份、桑叶15份、菊花10份,薏苡仁30份、浙贝母15份和苦杏仁9 份。
在本申请中,所述组合物可以主要由下列重量份的药材制成:金银花30 份、连翘30份、桑叶15份、菊花10份,薏苡仁30份、浙贝母15份和苦杏仁9份。
在本申请中,所述组合物可以由下列重量份的药材制成:金银花40份、连翘40份、桑叶18份、菊花12份,薏苡仁40份、浙贝母15份和苦杏仁12 份。
在本申请中,所述组合物可以主要由下列重量份的药材制成:金银花40 份、连翘40份、桑叶18份、菊花12份,薏苡仁40份、浙贝母15份和苦杏仁12份。
在本申请中,所述组合物可以为片剂、颗粒剂、合剂或口服液的形式。
在本申请中,优选地,所述组合物可以为片剂或颗粒剂。
如本领域技术人员熟知的,在制备上述制剂时,本领域技术人员可以根据剂型需要使用药学上可接受的辅料,所述药学上可接受的辅料可以选自药学上可接受的稀释剂、润滑剂、湿润剂、粘合剂、调味剂、分散剂、表面活性剂、稳定剂、填充剂、崩解剂和赋形剂中的任一种或更多种。优选地,在制备颗粒剂时,可以使用稀释剂和粘合剂。优选地,稀释剂可以为糊精;粘合剂可以为 90%乙醇+3%聚维酮。优选地,在制备片剂时,可以使用稀释剂、润滑剂和湿润剂。优选地,稀释剂可以为淀粉和糊精;湿润剂可以为90%乙醇;润滑剂可以为硬脂酸镁。
在本申请中,在制备颗粒剂时,所述药学上可接受的辅料可以选自糊精和 90%乙醇+3%聚维酮中的任一种或两种。
在本申请中,在制备片剂时,所述药学上可接受的辅料可以选自淀粉、糊精、90%乙醇和硬脂酸镁中的任一种或更多种。
本申请还提供所述组合物的制备方法,所述制备方法包括:
用水预先浸泡金银花、连翘、桑叶、菊花、薏苡仁、浙贝母和苦杏仁,然后煎煮,浓缩,获得所述组合物。
在本申请中,水的重量与金银花、连翘、桑叶、菊花、薏苡仁、浙贝母和苦杏仁的总重量的比例可以为5-15:1。
在本申请中,可以预先浸泡0.5小时至1小时。
在本申请中,可以在90℃-100℃煎煮。
在本申请中,可以煎煮1次至3次,每次1小时至3小时。
在本申请中,可以在90℃-100℃煎煮,煎煮1次至3次,每次1小时至 3小时。
在本申请中,水的重量与金银花、连翘、桑叶、菊花、薏苡仁、浙贝母和苦杏仁的总重量的比例可以为5-15:1;可以预先浸泡0.5小时至1小时;可以在90℃-100℃煎煮;煎煮1次至3次,每次1小时至3小时。
本申请还提供所述组合物在制备预防或治疗病毒性感染的药物中的用途。
在本申请中,所述病毒性感染可以为冠状病毒感染。优选地,所述病毒性感染可以为新型冠状病毒感染。本申请的组合物可以用于预防新型冠状病毒引起的继发感染、呼吸衰竭、急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)等并发症,优选地可以用于预防新型冠状病毒肺炎。
在本申请中,所述组合物清热化痰利湿,用于新型冠状病毒肺炎证属痰湿壅肺型的患者。
本申请的药物制剂可按药剂学的常规工艺和辅料制备成任何一种内服制剂,如片剂、颗粒剂、合剂或口服液等。
本申请的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述,并且,部分地从说明书中变得显而易见,或者通过实施本申请而了解。本申请的目的和其他优点可通过在说明书、权利要求书以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本申请技术方案的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本申请的技术方案,并不构成对本申请技术方案的限制。
图1是服用本申请的实施例1的颗粒剂之前和之后的肺部影像学对比图。
图2示出了(A)小鼠生存率;(B)主动脉血CO2分压(PaCO2);(C) 主动脉血氧分压(PaO2);(D)主动脉血样饱和度(SO2);(E)肺组织切片HE染色和肺损伤评分;和(F)免疫荧光染色观察Gr-1阳性的中性粒细胞数量。D为人临床日剂量,0.5D为0.5倍人临床日剂量,2D为2倍人临床日剂量,YQS为银翘散。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,下文中将结合附图对本申请的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
实施例1
(1)取金银花300克、连翘300克、桑叶150克、菊花100克,薏苡仁 300克、浙贝母150克和苦杏仁90克,在先浸泡30min,100℃煎煮2次,每次加入13900毫升水,每次煎煮1小时,过滤并且合并药液,0.08MPa减压浓缩干燥(RE-2000B旋转蒸发仪,上海亚荣生化仪器厂;DZF-6053型真空干燥箱,上海一恒设备有限公司)得到中药提取物403克。
(2)取步骤(1)的中药提取物400g,加入140g糊精(山东聊城鲁西药用辅料有限公司)混匀,以混合物总量的20%的90%乙醇(北京化工厂)溶液+ 3%聚维酮(陕西奥克化工有限公司)为粘合剂制备软材,50℃干燥,粉碎过 10目筛网,制成颗粒剂。
实施例2
(1)取金银花400克、连翘400克、桑叶180克、菊花120克,薏苡仁400 克、浙贝母150克和苦杏仁120克,先浸泡30min,100℃煎煮2次,每次加入17700毫升水,煎煮1小时,过滤并且合并药液,0.08MPa减压浓缩干燥 (RE-2000B旋转蒸发仪,上海亚荣生化仪器厂;DZF-6053型真空干燥箱,上海一恒设备有限公司)得到中药提取物516克;
(2)取步骤(1)的中药提取物500g,加入150g淀粉(山东萍聚生物科技有限公司)、150g糊精(山东聊城鲁西药用辅料有限公司)以及10g的硬脂酸镁(安徽山河药用辅料有限公司)充分混匀,以90%的乙醇(北京化工厂) 为湿润剂,制粒,过16目筛,压片(ZP-7A型压片机,上海天驹制药机械有限公司),用乙基纤维素包衣(BG-150型高效智能包衣机,江苏天利制药设备有限公司),检验,包装,即得片剂。
实施例3
针对确诊为新型冠状病毒感染的患者,给与实施例1的颗粒剂,口服,每日2次,每次1袋(相当于金银花30克、连翘30克、桑叶15克、菊花10 克,薏苡仁30克、浙贝母15克和苦杏仁9克),服用14天一个疗程。(伦理批件编号:2020001D)本方联合西医常规治疗的随机对照试验研究,现已完成28例的临床观察。本申请组合物结合西医组14例,西医对照组14例。本申请组合物结合西医组在西医基础治疗同时加服实施例1的中药颗粒剂,西医对照组为西医基础治疗。服药2周后,本申请组合物结合西医组对于改善发热等症状以及中医证候的改善显著优于对照组(表1),患者影像学显示肺炎较前明显吸收(图1)。
其中,基础疾病包含慢性心、肺、肝、肾、血液等系统疾病,及糖尿病、甲状腺功能异常等内分泌系统疾病。
西医基础治疗方案如下:
普通型:
1.鼻导管、面罩给氧或经鼻高流量氧疗。住院期间常规使用。
2.抗病毒治疗:重组人干扰素α-2b注射液,雾化吸入每次500万U,每日 2次;洛匹那韦/利托那韦片口服,400mg,每日2次;使用至病毒核酸检测转阴。
3.如出现腹泻,加用地衣芽孢杆菌活菌胶囊口服,0.5g,每日3次;使用至腹泻症状消失。
重型、危重型:
1.抗病毒治疗同普通型。
2.氧疗:鼻导管或面罩吸氧,当患者接受标准氧疗后呼吸窘迫和(或)低氧血症无法缓解时,可考虑使用高流量鼻导管氧疗或无创通气;使用至氧合指数大于300时停用。
3.甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠静滴,2mg/kg/日,视影像学及细胞因子的改善,连续应用5-8日。
4.预防继发细菌感染:莫西沙星注射液静滴,400mg,每日一次;使用7 天。
表1中药组方的临床疗效评价结果
实施例4
采用脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharides,LPS)诱导急性肺炎模型考察该中药复方制剂的药效作用机制。通过气管内滴注LPS诱导小鼠急性肺炎模型,分别在造模前后2小时,灌胃给予实施例1的颗粒剂进行干预,银翘散为阳性药 (YQS),在LPS处理24小时后收集肺组织、肺泡灌洗液(BALF);采集小鼠主动脉血,检测CO2分压(PaCO2),增加O2分压(PaO2)和氧饱和度 (SO2),肺组织切片HE染色评估急性肺损伤程度,石蜡切片免疫荧光染色观察Gr-1阳性的中性粒细胞数量。给药剂量为颗粒剂为:1.25g/kg(0.5D)、 2.5g/kg(D)、5g/kg(2D);银翘散(YQS)剂量为:2.5g/kg。
如图2显示,该中药复方制剂能够提高模型小鼠生存率,改善模型小鼠呼吸情况;改善LPS诱导的肺组织损伤程度,可明显减轻小鼠肺组织中间质水肿出血、炎症细胞浸润,使肺泡结构趋于完整;减轻肺组织中中性粒细胞募集,使Gr-1阳性的中性粒细胞数量明显减少。以上结果提示,该中药复方制剂对LPS诱导的肺组织损伤具有保护作用。
虽然本申请所披露的实施方式如上,但所述的内容仅为便于理解本申请而采用的实施方式,并非用以限定本申请。任何本申请所属领域内的技术人员,在不脱离本申请所披露的精神和范围的前提下,可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化,但本申请的专利保护范围,仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。
Claims (11)
1.一种预防或治疗新型冠状病毒感染的组合物,其中所述组合物由下列重量份的药材制成:金银花20-45份、连翘20-45份、桑叶10-20份、菊花9-15份、薏苡仁20-45份、浙贝母9-20份和苦杏仁6-15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述组合物由下列重量份的药材制成:金银花30份、连翘30份、桑叶15份、菊花10份、薏苡仁30份、浙贝母15份和苦杏仁9份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述组合物由下列重量份的药材制成:金银花40份、连翘40份、桑叶18份、菊花12份、薏苡仁40份、浙贝母15份和苦杏仁12份。
4.一种预防或治疗新型冠状病毒感染的组合物,其中所述组合物由下列重量份的药材制成:金银花20-30份、连翘20-30份、桑叶9-15份、菊花9-12份、薏苡仁20-30份、浙贝母9-15份和苦杏仁6-10份。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的组合物,其中所述组合物为片剂、颗粒剂或合剂。
6.权利要求1至5中任一项所述的组合物的制备方法,所述制备方法包括:用水预先浸泡金银花、连翘、桑叶、菊花、薏苡仁、浙贝母和苦杏仁,然后煎煮,浓缩,获得所述组合物。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其中水的重量与金银花、连翘、桑叶、菊花、薏苡仁、浙贝母和苦杏仁的总重量的比例为5-15:1;
预先浸泡0.5小时至1小时。
8.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其中在90℃-100℃煎煮。
9.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其中煎煮1次至3次,每次1小时至3小时。
10.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其中水的重量与金银花、连翘、桑叶、菊花、薏苡仁、浙贝母和苦杏仁的总重量的比例为10:1,预先浸泡0.5小时,在100℃煎煮2次,每次煎煮1小时。
11.权利要求1至5中任一项所述的组合物在制备预防或治疗新型冠状病毒感染的药物中的用途。
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