CN110604013A - Planting method of organic green-leaf vegetables - Google Patents

Planting method of organic green-leaf vegetables Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110604013A
CN110604013A CN201910836287.4A CN201910836287A CN110604013A CN 110604013 A CN110604013 A CN 110604013A CN 201910836287 A CN201910836287 A CN 201910836287A CN 110604013 A CN110604013 A CN 110604013A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
organic
leaf vegetables
organic green
green
vegetables
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201910836287.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
詹书元
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Taihu Xinfangyuan Forestry Development Co Ltd
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Taihu Xinfangyuan Forestry Development Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to CN201910836287.4A priority Critical patent/CN110604013A/en
Publication of CN110604013A publication Critical patent/CN110604013A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/15Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach 
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/42Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00Other inorganic fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/08Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method of organic green leaf vegetables, which comprises the stages of seed treatment, land preparation and fertilization, seeding and seedling raising, field management and harvesting; taking the life cycle of the organic green leaf vegetables as a whole, carrying out corresponding technical improvement at each growth stage of the organic green leaf vegetables around the specific requirements of the organic green leaf vegetables, firstly screening seeds with higher quality, fully absorbing nutrient elements rich in river bottom sludge and improving the quality during germination; selecting a farmland with excellent soil, applying the bamboo charcoal biological organic fertilizer, supplementing necessary nutrient elements required by plant growth while abandoning the fertilizer, and promoting the growth of organic green leafy vegetables by utilizing the synergistic relationship between microorganisms and the organic green leafy vegetables; the nitrogen fixation characteristic of the rhizobium is utilized to provide nitrogen elements necessary for the growth of the organic green-leaf vegetables and promote the growth of the organic green-leaf vegetables; the bamboo vinegar is applied in a mode of spraying on the leaf surface, organic substances are supplemented for the organic green-leaf vegetables, the quality of the organic green-leaf vegetables is improved, and therefore the purpose of ensuring the quality without using chemical fertilizers is achieved.

Description

Planting method of organic green-leaf vegetables
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field related to vegetable planting, in particular to a planting method of organic green-leaf vegetables.
Background
With the increasing living standard, people pursue higher and higher food quality. Vegetables are indispensable food materials for daily diet of people, and organic vegetables are favored by people due to the characteristics of being green and free of pollution. Meanwhile, the planting process of organic vegetables is strictly in accordance with organic production regulations, chemical substances such as any chemically synthesized pesticides, fertilizers, growth regulators and the like are forbidden, genetic engineering organisms and products thereof are forbidden, a series of sustainable agricultural technologies are adopted to coordinate planting balance and maintain the continuous and stable agricultural ecosystem according to natural rules and ecological principles, and then the organic food certification authority can identify and certify the organic vegetables and issue organic food certificates for the vegetable products.
However, the growth of plants cannot be limited by natural conditions and natural laws, and in order to meet the certification requirements, the lack of the chemical fertilizer not only limits the growth speed of the vegetables and influences the size of the adult vegetables, but also causes low quality of the vegetable products because the nutrient components in the vegetables are not high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem of low quality of organic vegetables in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a planting method of organic green-leaf vegetables.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a planting method of organic green leaf vegetables comprises the steps of seed treatment, land preparation and fertilization, seeding and seedling raising, field management and harvesting;
s1) the seed treatment stage comprises the steps of:
s11) drying the seeds of the green-leaf vegetables in the air, and removing empty shells and inferior seeds;
s12) mixing the seeds screened by the S11 with river bottom sludge and standing for 1-3 days;
s13) separating the seeds from the river bottom sludge, and placing the seeds in a cool and moist place for later use;
s2) the soil preparation and fertilization stage comprises the following steps:
s21) selecting loose fertile loam with a soil layer thickness of more than 50cm and good drainage, removing weeds, and turning soil loose with a soil turning depth of 10-30 cm;
s22) uniformly spreading the bamboo charcoal bio-organic fertilizer into the S21 scarified field according to the dosage of 50-100 kg per mu; the bamboo charcoal bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 20-30 parts of bamboo powder, 10-20 parts of bamboo vinegar liquid, 0.2-0.5 part of potassium phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.2-0.5 part of actinomycete and 300-500 parts of decomposed manure;
s23) loosening the soil again, wherein the loosening depth is 5-10 cm;
s3) the sowing and seedling stage comprises the following steps:
s31) adding the plant root nodule preparation with the weight 5-10 times of that of the seed into the seed obtained in the step S13, and uniformly mixing;
s32) uniformly sowing the products obtained in the S31 in the fields obtained in the S22;
s33) spraying the bamboo vinegar solution at least once to the surfaces of the seedlings after the seeds germinate and grow two true leaves.
Further, the field management stage comprises insect prevention management, and the insect prevention management comprises spraying garlic water insecticide on the organic green leaf vegetables when insects appear on the green leaf vegetables.
Preferably, the preparation method of the garlic disinsection agent comprises the following steps:
s1) taking 30-50 g of garlic and crushing;
s2) adding 1L of boiled water into the garlic obtained in the step S1, and sealing and standing for 6-24 hours;
s3) filtering the mixture of garlic and water obtained in S2 to obtain a filtrate;
s4) adding 3-5 g of liquid detergent into the filtrate obtained in the step S3, and uniformly mixing.
Further, the plant root nodule preparation is prepared by crushing roots of soybean, pea, broad bean and/or alfalfa.
Specifically, the green leaf vegetable is spinach, broccoli, leaf lettuce, crowndaisy chrysanthemum or water spinach.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the method screens the seeds with higher quality, fully absorbs the nutrient elements rich in the river bottom sludge, and improves the quality during germination;
2. according to the invention, a farmland with excellent soil is selected, the bamboo charcoal biological organic fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer is abandoned, necessary nutrient elements required by plant growth are supplemented, and the organic green leaf vegetable growth is promoted by utilizing the synergistic relationship between microorganisms and the organic green leaf vegetable;
3. the nitrogen fixation characteristic of the rhizobium is utilized to provide nitrogen elements necessary for the growth of the organic green-leaf vegetables and promote the growth of the organic green-leaf vegetables;
4. the bamboo vinegar is applied in a mode of spraying on the leaf surface, so that organic substances are supplemented for the organic green-leaf vegetables, and the quality of the organic green-leaf vegetables is improved.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example one
A planting method of organic green leaf vegetables comprises the steps of taking the whole growth cycle of the organic green leaf vegetables as a whole, and dividing the whole growth cycle into at least stages including seed treatment, soil preparation and fertilization, seeding and seedling raising, field management and harvesting;
s1) the seed treatment stage comprises the following steps:
s11) drying the seeds of the green-leaf vegetables, removing empty shells and inferior seeds, and screening the superior seeds;
s12) mixing the seeds screened by the S11 with river bottom sludge and standing for 1 day; in specific implementation, the standing time can be 2 days or 3 days;
s13) separating the seeds from the river bottom sludge by adding water for cleaning, filtering by a filter screen or floating and the like, and placing the seeds in a cool and moist place for later use;
s2) the soil preparation and fertilization stage comprises the following steps:
s21) selecting loose fertile loam with a soil layer thickness of more than 50cm and good drainage, removing weeds, and turning soil loose with a soil turning depth of 10-30 cm;
s22) uniformly spreading the bamboo charcoal bio-organic fertilizer into the S21 scarified field according to the dosage of 50kg per mu, wherein the dosage can be 70kg, 80kg or 100kg per mu in specific implementation; specifically, the raw materials for preparing the bamboo charcoal bio-organic fertilizer comprise the following components: 20kg of bamboo charcoal powder, 20kg of bamboo powder, 10kg of bamboo vinegar, 0.2kg of potassium phosphate-dissolving strain, 0.2kg of actinomycete strain and 300kg of decomposed manure; the specific components are all sold in the market, have no special requirement, and only need to be uniformly mixed according to the proportion of the invention;
s23) loosening the soil again, wherein the loosening depth is 5-10 cm, so that the bamboo charcoal bio-organic fertilizer is fully mixed with the soil;
s3) the sowing and seedling stage comprises the following steps:
s31) adding the plant root nodule preparation with the weight 5 times of that of the seeds into the seeds obtained in the step S13, and uniformly mixing, wherein the weight can be 8 times or 10 times when the specific implementation is carried out;
s32) uniformly sowing the products obtained in the S31 in the fields obtained in the S22;
s33) spraying the bamboo vinegar solution once to the leaf surfaces of the seedlings after the seeds germinate and grow two true leaves, and the spraying can be carried out once every week.
According to the invention, the life cycle of the organic green leaf vegetables is taken as a whole, and corresponding technical improvements are made at each growth stage of the organic green leaf vegetables around the specific requirements of the organic green leaf vegetables on no pesticide residue, plant size, nutrient content and the like, so that seeds with higher quality are screened, the seeds can fully absorb nutrient elements rich in river bottom sludge, and the quality during germination is improved; selecting a farmland with excellent soil, applying a bamboo charcoal bio-organic fertilizer, combining biomass bamboo charcoal with stable performance with a beneficial compound microbial fertilizer, providing a good inhabitation environment for microorganisms in the fertilizer by utilizing the pore structure of the bamboo charcoal, increasing the activity of the microorganisms, greatly improving the survival rate of the microorganisms, and thus well playing the role of the microorganisms in the soil; the bamboo charcoal has a hole structure, can play a role in water and fertilizer retention, and in addition, the bamboo charcoal has adsorbability, and can passivate heavy metals in soil and adsorb pesticide residues; the added potassium phosphate strain and the actinomycete strain can well survive in soil, and the decomposed products of the potassium phosphate strain and the actinomycete strain can supplement necessary nutrient elements for plant growth while abandoning the fertilizer, and promote the growth of the organic green leaf vegetables by utilizing the synergistic relationship between the microorganisms and the organic green leaf vegetables; the nitrogen fixation characteristic of the rhizobium is utilized to provide nitrogen elements necessary for the growth of the organic green-leaf vegetables and promote the growth of the organic green-leaf vegetables; the bamboo vinegar is applied in a mode of spraying on the leaf surface, so that organic substances are supplemented for the organic green-leaf vegetables, and the quality of the organic green-leaf vegetables is improved.
The method is progressive, the plant growth effect is optimized in each step, the better growth can be realized in the next step only on the basis of the optimization of the effect in the step, and the high-quality green organic green vegetables with good growth quality can be accumulated only if each step has a good growth effect.
The above is a basic model of the embodiment of the present invention, and in order to improve the technical effect, the following improvements can be made to the basic model of the embodiment, and the following improvements can be combined with each other where there is no contradiction.
The field management stage comprises insect prevention management, wherein the insect prevention management comprises spraying garlic water insecticide on the organic green leaf vegetables when insects appear on the green leaf vegetables.
The preparation method of the garlic water insecticide comprises the following steps:
s1) taking 30g of garlic and crushing, wherein 40g or 50g can be used for specific implementation;
s2) adding 1L boiled water into the garlic obtained in S1, and standing for 6h in a sealed manner, wherein the standing time can be a little longer in specific implementation, such as 12h or 24 h;
s3) filtering the mixture of garlic and water obtained in S2 to obtain a filtrate;
s4) adding 3g of liquid detergent into the filtrate obtained in the step S3, and uniformly mixing, wherein the dosage of the liquid detergent can be 4g or 5 g.
Specifically, the plant root nodule preparation used in S31 is prepared by pulverizing one or more of the roots of soybean, pea, broad bean and/or alfalfa; the crushing mode can be stirring crushing or air drying grinding; in order to fully exert the biological effects of the rhizobium of the plant roots, the temperature of air drying and grinding is close to room temperature as much as possible, the operation time is as short as possible, and the aim of the invention can be achieved even in a wet state as long as the air drying and grinding can be fully mixed with seeds to meet the requirement of uniform sowing.
Example two
The bamboo charcoal bio-organic fertilizer used in S22) comprises the following components: 30kg of bamboo charcoal powder, 25kg of bamboo powder, 15kg of bamboo vinegar, 0.3kg of potassium phosphate-dissolving strain, 0.3kg of actinomycete strain and 400kg of decomposed manure;
other conditions were the same as in example one;
EXAMPLE III
The bamboo charcoal bio-organic fertilizer used in S22) comprises the following components: 40kg of bamboo charcoal powder, 30kg of bamboo powder, 20kg of bamboo vinegar liquid, 0.5kg of potassium phosphate-dissolving strain, 0.5kg of actinomycete strain and 500kg of decomposed manure;
other conditions were the same as in example one;
the planting method is suitable for planting various green leaf vegetables at least comprising spinach, small green vegetables, leaf lettuce, crowndaisy chrysanthemum or water spinach.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and these embodiments are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A planting method of organic green-leaf vegetables is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the stages of seed treatment, land preparation and fertilization, seeding and seedling raising, field management and harvesting;
s1) the seed treatment stage comprises the steps of:
s11) drying the seeds of the green-leaf vegetables in the air, and removing empty shells and inferior seeds;
s12) mixing the seeds screened by the S11 with river bottom sludge and standing for 1-3 days;
s13) separating the seeds from the river bottom sludge, and placing the seeds in a cool and moist place for later use;
s2) the soil preparation and fertilization stage comprises the following steps:
s21) selecting loose fertile loam with a soil layer thickness of more than 50cm and good drainage, removing weeds, and turning soil loose with a soil turning depth of 10-30 cm;
s22) uniformly spreading the bamboo charcoal bio-organic fertilizer into the S21 scarified field according to the dosage of 50-100 kg per mu; the bamboo charcoal bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 20-30 parts of bamboo powder, 10-20 parts of bamboo vinegar liquid, 0.2-0.5 part of potassium phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.2-0.5 part of actinomycete and 300-500 parts of decomposed manure;
s23) loosening the soil again, wherein the loosening depth is 5-10 cm;
s3) the sowing and seedling stage comprises the following steps:
s31) adding the plant root nodule preparation with the weight 5-10 times of that of the seed into the seed obtained in the step S13, and uniformly mixing;
s32) uniformly sowing the products obtained in the S31 in the fields obtained in the S22;
s33) spraying the bamboo vinegar solution at least once to the surfaces of the seedlings after the seeds germinate and grow two true leaves.
2. The method for planting organic green vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: the field management stage comprises insect prevention management, and the insect prevention management comprises spraying garlic water insecticide on the organic green leaf vegetables when insects appear in the green leaf vegetables.
3. The method for planting organic green vegetables according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the garlic disinsection agent comprises the following steps:
s1) taking 30-50 g of garlic and crushing;
s2) adding 1L of boiled water into the garlic obtained in the step S1, and sealing and standing for 6-24 hours;
s3) filtering the mixture of garlic and water obtained in S2 to obtain a filtrate;
s4) adding 3-5 g of liquid detergent into the filtrate obtained in the step S3, and uniformly mixing.
4. The method for planting organic green vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: the plant root nodule preparation is prepared by crushing the roots of soybean, pea, broad bean and/or alfalfa.
5. The method for planting organic leafy green vegetables according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the green leaf vegetable is herba Spinaciae, caulis et folium Brassicae Capitatae, lettuce, caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti or caulis et folium Brassicae Junceae.
CN201910836287.4A 2019-09-05 2019-09-05 Planting method of organic green-leaf vegetables Pending CN110604013A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1170504A (en) * 1997-07-02 1998-01-21 刘丰 Plant pesticide
CN101704691A (en) * 2009-11-25 2010-05-12 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 Bamboo residue organic fertilizer and method for preparing same
CN104072303A (en) * 2014-07-18 2014-10-01 时科生物科技(上海)有限公司 Bamboo powder bio-organic fertilizer and production method thereof
CN108913640A (en) * 2018-09-10 2018-11-30 时科生物科技(上海)有限公司 A kind of complex micro organism fungicide and its application for bamboo charcoal
CN109220604A (en) * 2018-11-22 2019-01-18 遵义醉美泸江生态农业发展有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of pollution-free vegetable
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Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1170504A (en) * 1997-07-02 1998-01-21 刘丰 Plant pesticide
CN101704691A (en) * 2009-11-25 2010-05-12 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 Bamboo residue organic fertilizer and method for preparing same
CN104072303A (en) * 2014-07-18 2014-10-01 时科生物科技(上海)有限公司 Bamboo powder bio-organic fertilizer and production method thereof
CN108913640A (en) * 2018-09-10 2018-11-30 时科生物科技(上海)有限公司 A kind of complex micro organism fungicide and its application for bamboo charcoal
CN109220604A (en) * 2018-11-22 2019-01-18 遵义醉美泸江生态农业发展有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of pollution-free vegetable
CN109874523A (en) * 2019-04-19 2019-06-14 江西省祥荣生物科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of vegetable active rich selenium vegetables

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