CN110600152A - Symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system and escape method - Google Patents

Symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system and escape method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110600152A
CN110600152A CN201910842561.9A CN201910842561A CN110600152A CN 110600152 A CN110600152 A CN 110600152A CN 201910842561 A CN201910842561 A CN 201910842561A CN 110600152 A CN110600152 A CN 110600152A
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China
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corridor
nuclear power
factory building
shielding
ascending
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CN201910842561.9A
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CN110600152B (en
Inventor
杨启贵
张顺
赵鑫
喻飞
曾杰
张涛
刘爽
汪建
曹龙
胡超
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Changjiang Institute of Survey Planning Design and Research Co Ltd
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Changjiang Institute of Survey Planning Design and Research Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910842561.9A priority Critical patent/CN110600152B/en
Publication of CN110600152A publication Critical patent/CN110600152A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62BDEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21DNUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00Details of nuclear power plant
    • G21D1/003Nuclear facilities decommissioning arrangements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21DNUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00Details of nuclear power plant
    • G21D1/02Arrangements of auxiliary equipment
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of underground nuclear power stations, and discloses a symmetrical underground nuclear power emergency escape system which comprises an electrical plant chamber and an auxiliary plant chamber which are symmetrically arranged underground, wherein vertical shafts for nuclear power plant construction and communicated with an upper platform are arranged above the electrical plant chamber and the auxiliary plant chamber, an ascending system is arranged in each vertical shaft, and the two vertical shafts are communicated with the electrical plant chamber and the auxiliary plant chamber through traffic galleries. The invention also discloses an escape method of the symmetrical underground nuclear power emergency escape system. The symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system and the escape method provided by the invention utilize the existing facilities for constructing the vertical shaft, maximize the safe escape probability of personnel in the field during the accident of the underground nuclear power station under the condition of ensuring that radioactive substances do not leak, do not depend on any external power supply, and have low manufacturing cost of the whole system.

Description

Symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system and escape method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground nuclear power stations, in particular to a symmetrical underground nuclear power emergency escape system and an escape method.
Background
An underground nuclear power plant is a power plant which is used for producing electric energy by using nuclear energy and is characterized in that a nuclear reactor, a reactor coolant system and a main auxiliary system of a nuclear island are arranged underground, and a part of auxiliary system of the nuclear island, a steam turbine generator system and other auxiliary systems are arranged underground or on the ground. The nuclear facilities such as a reactor and the like are arranged in an underground rock body or a stable mountain body in the underground nuclear power station, so that the large-scale diffusion of radioactive substances under serious accidents is prevented. The safety of the underground nuclear power station is high, the public safety can be protected particularly under extreme accidents, and the public acceptance is increased. In addition, the site selection of the underground nuclear power station is more flexible, and the land resources can be more effectively utilized.
For the arrangement mode that the nuclear island is arranged below the ground level, when accidents such as nuclear accidents, fire disasters and the like occur, the geographic position of the nuclear island is below the ground level, so that the rapid evacuation difficulty in the field is high. Escape methods relying on conventional electrical energy are likely to fail in the event of an accident, and radiation protection is a major concern in accidents where radioactive materials are released.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system and an escape method aiming at the defects of the technology, which utilize the existing facilities for constructing a vertical shaft, maximize the safety escape probability of personnel in the site during an accident of an underground nuclear power station under the condition of ensuring that radioactive substances do not leak, do not depend on any external power supply and have low manufacturing cost of the whole system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the symmetrical underground nuclear power emergency escape system and the escape method comprise an electric factory building chamber and an auxiliary factory building chamber which are symmetrically arranged underground, vertical shafts which are used for nuclear power plant construction and are communicated with an upper platform are arranged above the electric factory building chamber and the auxiliary factory building chamber, an ascending system is arranged in each vertical shaft, and the two vertical shafts are communicated with the electric factory building chamber and the auxiliary factory building chamber through traffic galleries.
Preferably, the traffic corridor includes both ends respectively with two the horizontal corridor of shaft intercommunication still include the upper end all with first ascending corridor and the second ascending corridor of horizontal corridor intercommunication, the lower extreme of first ascending corridor with electric factory building cavern intercommunication, the lower extreme of second ascending corridor with supplementary factory building cavern intercommunication, first ascending corridor with the second ascending corridor cross arrangement.
Preferably, the lower extreme of the corridor that first rises through the shielding hole with electric factory building hole intercommunication, the second rise the lower extreme of corridor through the shielding hole with supplementary factory building hole intercommunication, the bottom elevation of shielding hole is higher than the bottom elevation of electric factory building hole and supplementary factory building hole, its difference in height does 1.2 ~ 1.4 times of the biggest ponding degree of depth when electric factory building hole and supplementary factory building hole take place the accident.
Preferably, the shielding cavern with be equipped with the stair between the electrical factory building cavern, the shielding cavern with be equipped with the stair between the supplementary factory building cavern, all be equipped with in first ascending corridor and the second ascending corridor and lead to the ladder of horizontal corridor.
Preferably, the access & exit of shielding hole room all is equipped with the radiation protection shield door, be equipped with the air curtain device on the radiation protection shield door, be equipped with high-efficient particle filter on the air curtain device, be equipped with a plurality of spray set, air purification system and medical care in the shielding hole room, the ventilation system of shielding hole room and the ventilation system intercommunication of underground nuclear power station, be equipped with a plurality of spray set in the horizontal corridor, the horizontal corridor with the shaft junction all is equipped with the radiation protection shield door.
Preferably, the radiation protection shielding door keeps a normally closed state, and is provided with an automatic opening device and a manual opening device and is connected with a standby power supply.
Preferably, a connecting corridor for communicating the first ascending corridor and the second ascending corridor is arranged at the intersection of the first ascending corridor and the second ascending corridor.
Preferably, the ascent system includes a power plant located at an upper landing, a car located within the hoistway, and a cable connecting the power plant and the car.
An escape method of a symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system is characterized in that: when the nuclear power station breaks down, alarm system starts, and the personnel of fleing passes through the stair of electrical factory building hole or auxiliary factory building hole and pass the radiation protection shield door gets into the shielding hole, process behind the spray set of shielding hole the medicine and gas mask of taking are passed through to medical use room after wearing good the radiation protection shield door gets into first ascending corridor or the ascending corridor of second reentrant horizontal corridor passes through go into behind the spray set in the horizontal corridor the car in the shaft is accomplished by power device traction to the top platform and flees or awaits for further rescue.
Preferably, when the whole power failure condition is met in the evacuation process, the standby power supply is started to open the radiation-proof shielding door, and when the standby power supply fails, the radiation-proof shielding door is manually opened.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the vertical shaft is used for escape during construction, so that the excavation amount is greatly reduced, the economy of an escape system is improved, and the whole system is low in cost;
2. a connecting corridor is arranged between the two ascending corridors, when one corridor cannot pass through, the corridor can enter the adjacent ascending corridor through the connecting corridor, in addition, the horizontal corridor is used for connecting the two vertical shafts left and right, when one vertical shaft fails, the escape can be carried out through the other vertical shaft, and the escape probability is greatly improved;
3. people can be evacuated safely and orderly without depending on any external power supply when the power supply is lost in the whole field;
4. the natural advantages of the mountain are utilized, the shielding chamber bottom elevation is set to be higher than the factory building chamber bottom elevation, the situation that radioactive liquid flows into a traffic corridor when the radioactive liquid exists in the factory building chamber can be prevented, the escape probability is improved, and the personnel safety is guaranteed; when radioactive substances are released, the shielding chamber arranged between the plant chamber and the ascending gallery can prevent the gaseous radioactive substances inside from being released into the ascending gallery to protect the safety of personnel in the traffic gallery, and meanwhile, the shielding chamber has the functions of air bathing, spray bathing and the like, can remove the radioactive substances on the human body, and can protect the safety of the human body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view illustrating a symmetrical underground nuclear power emergency escape system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the shielding chamber of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic top view of fig. 1.
The components in the figures are numbered as follows:
the system comprises an electric factory building chamber 1, an auxiliary factory building chamber 2, a vertical shaft 3, a horizontal gallery 4, a first ascending gallery 5, a second ascending gallery 6, a shielding chamber 7, a ladder 8, a radiation-proof shielding door 9, a spraying device 10, an air purification system 11, a medical product chamber 12, a connecting gallery 13, a power device 14, a car 15 and a cable 16.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system comprises an electrical plant chamber 1 and an auxiliary plant chamber 2 which are symmetrically arranged underground, wherein vertical shafts 3 which are used for nuclear power plant construction and are communicated with an upper platform are arranged above the electrical plant chamber 1 and the auxiliary plant chamber 2, an ascending system is arranged in each vertical shaft 3, the ascending system comprises a power device 14 which is arranged on the upper platform, a car 15 which is arranged in each vertical shaft 3 and a cable 16 which is connected with the power device 14 and the car 15, the car 15 is used for bearing escape personnel, the cable 16 and the power device 14 are used for drawing the car 15 with the escape personnel to the upper platform to wait for subsequent further rescue, and the two vertical shafts 3 are communicated with the electrical plant chamber 1 and the auxiliary plant chamber 2 through a traffic corridor.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the traffic corridor comprises a horizontal corridor 4, two ends of which are respectively communicated with two vertical shafts 3, and further comprises a first ascending corridor 5 and a second ascending corridor 6, the upper ends of which are communicated with the horizontal corridor 4, the lower end of the first ascending corridor 5 is communicated with an electric factory building chamber 1, the lower end of the second ascending corridor 6 is communicated with an auxiliary factory building chamber 2, the first ascending corridor 5 and the second ascending corridor 6 are arranged in a crossed manner, a connecting corridor 13 for communicating the first ascending corridor 5 with the second ascending corridor 6 is arranged at the crossed position of the first ascending corridor 5 and the second ascending corridor 6, and an escape person can switch between the first ascending corridor 5 and the second ascending corridor 13 through the connecting corridor 13, so that the escape probability is improved. The lower extreme of first ascending corridor 5 passes through shielding hole 7 and electric factory building hole 1 intercommunication, the lower extreme of second ascending corridor 6 passes through shielding hole 7 and auxiliary factory building hole 2 intercommunication, the bottom elevation of shielding hole 7 is higher than the bottom elevation of electric factory building hole 1 and auxiliary factory building hole 2, its difference in height is 1.2 ~ 1.4 times of the biggest ponding degree of depth when electric factory building hole 1 and auxiliary factory building hole 2 take place the accident, when guaranteeing to have radioactive waste water in electric factory building hole 1 or auxiliary factory building hole 2, personnel can flee safely.
In addition, as shown in fig. 2, the entrance and exit of the shielding chamber 7 are provided with radiation-proof shielding doors 9, the radiation-proof shielding doors 9 are provided with air curtain devices, and the air curtain devices have the functions of isolating radioactive gas and liquid, preventing fire and the like, and can be used for air bathing for escape personnel and isolating the radioactive gas in the electric plant chamber 1 and the auxiliary plant chamber 2 to prevent the radioactive gas from entering the traffic corridor. The air curtain device is provided with a high-efficiency particle filter which can filter radioactive substances in the air and ensure that the air in the air curtain does not contain radioactivity, the shielding chamber 7 is internally provided with two spraying devices 10, an air purification system 11 and a medical product chamber 12, a ventilation system of the shielding chamber 7 is communicated with a ventilation system of an underground nuclear power station, the horizontal corridor 4 is also internally provided with three spraying devices 10 which have the function of further cleaning the radioactive substances, the joints of the horizontal corridor 4 and the vertical shaft 3 are both provided with a radiation-proof shielding door 9, the radiation-proof shielding door 9 is kept in a normally closed state, the radiation-proof shielding door 9 is provided with an automatic opening device and a manual opening device and is connected with a standby power supply, through automatic opening device, radiation protection shield door 9 can open automatically when alarm system opens, or open automatically when personnel are close to 1 ~ 2m, personnel pass through back self-closing.
In this embodiment, be equipped with the stair between shielding hole 7 and the electrical factory building hole 1, be equipped with the stair between shielding hole 7 and the supplementary factory building hole 2, all be equipped with the ladder 8 that leads to horizontal corridor 4 in first ascending corridor 5 and the second ascending corridor 6, the personnel of fleing of being convenient for walk. And a plurality of safety escape identification arrows and emergency illuminating lamps are arranged in the traffic corridor 4 and the vertical shaft 3.
In this embodiment, because underground nuclear power station is in operation, the number of people in electrical factory building cavern 1 and auxiliary factory building cavern 2 is relatively more, consequently in order to improve the economic nature, only sets up the traffic corridor of fleing in electrical factory building cavern 1 and auxiliary factory building cavern 2, and a small amount of personnel in other caverns can arrive electrical factory building cavern 1 or auxiliary factory building cavern 2 via the passageway between caverns and flee. And the horizontal gallery 4 and the shielding chamber 7 in the traffic gallery have the functions of radioactive substance isolation, cleaning, medical treatment and the like, and the vertical shaft 3 is used for being stored during the construction of the nuclear power station and also has the function of ventilation.
A method for escaping from a symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system comprises the steps that when a nuclear power station has an accident, an alarm system is started, escape personnel pass through a stair of an electric plant chamber 1 or an auxiliary plant chamber 2 and pass through a radiation-proof shielding door 9 to enter a shielding chamber 7, pass through a spraying device 10 of the shielding chamber 7, take medicines and gas masks in a medical product chamber 12, pass through the radiation-proof shielding door 9 after being worn, enter a first ascending gallery 5 or a second ascending gallery 6, then enter a horizontal gallery 4, pass through the spraying device 10 in the horizontal gallery 4, enter a lift car 15 in a vertical shaft 3, and are pulled to an upper platform by a power device 14 to finish escape or wait for further rescue.
Wherein, if meet the whole outage condition in the process of withdrawing, start stand-by power supply and carry out opening of radiation protection shield door 9, when stand-by power supply became invalid, manually open radiation protection shield door 9.
According to the symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system and the escape method, the vertical shaft 3 is used for escape during construction, so that the excavation amount is greatly reduced, the economy of the escape system is improved, and the whole system is low in cost; and the connecting gallery 13 is arranged between the two ascending galleries, when one gallery cannot pass through, the gallery can enter the adjacent ascending gallery through the connecting gallery 13, in addition, the horizontal gallery 4 is connected with the two vertical shafts 3 left and right, when one vertical shaft 3 fails, the escape can be carried out through the other vertical shaft 3, and the escape probability is greatly improved; the system does not depend on any external power supply, and people can still evacuate safely and orderly when the power supply is lost in the whole field; the system utilizes the natural advantages of the mountain body to shield the situation that the elevation of the bottom of the cavern 7 is higher than the elevation of the bottom of the cavern of the plant, so that the radioactive liquid can be prevented from flowing into a traffic corridor when the radioactive liquid exists in the cavern of the plant, the escape probability is improved, and the safety of personnel is guaranteed; and when radioactive substances are released, the shielding chamber 7 arranged between the plant chamber and the ascending gallery can prevent the gaseous radioactive substances inside from being released into the ascending gallery to protect the safety of personnel in the traffic gallery, and meanwhile, the shielding chamber 7 has the functions of air bathing, spray bathing and the like, can remove the radioactive substances on the human body, and can protect the safety of the human body.
Other parts not described in detail are prior art, and the present invention is not strictly limited to the above-described embodiments. The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a symmetry formula underground nuclear power emergency escape system, is including electric factory building cavern (1) and supplementary factory building cavern (2) that are located secret symmetrical arrangement, its characterized in that: electric factory building hole room (1) and supplementary factory building hole room (2) top all are equipped with shaft (3) that the construction of nuclear power plant used and top platform intercommunication, be equipped with the ascension system in shaft (3), two shaft (3) through the traffic corridor with electric factory building hole room (1) and supplementary factory building hole room (2) intercommunication.
2. The symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system according to claim 1, wherein: the traffic corridor includes both ends respectively with two horizontal corridor (4) of shaft (3) intercommunication, still include the upper end all with first ascending corridor (5) and second ascending corridor (6) of horizontal corridor (4) intercommunication, the lower extreme of first ascending corridor (5) with electric factory building cavern (1) intercommunication, the lower extreme of second ascending corridor (6) with supplementary factory building cavern (2) intercommunication, first ascending corridor (5) with second ascending corridor (6) cross arrangement.
3. The symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lower extreme of first ascending corridor (5) through shielding hole room (7) with electric factory building hole room (1) intercommunication, the lower extreme of second ascending corridor (6) through shielding hole room (7) with supplementary factory building hole room (2) intercommunication, the bottom elevation of shielding hole room (7) is higher than the bottom elevation of electric factory building hole room (1) and supplementary factory building hole room (2), its difference in height does 1.2 ~ 1.4 times of the biggest ponding degree of depth when electric factory building hole room (1) and supplementary factory building hole room (2) accident.
4. The symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system according to claim 3, characterized in that: shielding cavern (7) with be equipped with the stair between electric factory building cavern (1), shielding cavern (7) with be equipped with the stair between supplementary factory building cavern (2), all be equipped with in first ascending corridor (5) and the second ascending corridor (6) and lead to ladder (8) of horizontal corridor (4).
5. The symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the access & exit of shielding hole room (7) all is equipped with radiation protection shield door (9), be equipped with the air curtain device on radiation protection shield door (9), be equipped with high-efficient particle filter on the air curtain device, be equipped with a plurality of spray set (10), air purification system (11) and medical care in shielding hole room (7) and use commodity room (12), the ventilation system of shielding hole room (7) and the ventilation system intercommunication of underground nuclear power station, be equipped with a plurality of spray set (10) in horizontal corridor (4), horizontal corridor (4) with shaft (3) junction all is equipped with radiation protection shield door (9).
6. The symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the radiation protection shielding door (9) keeps a normally closed state, and the radiation protection shielding door (9) is provided with an automatic opening device and a manual opening device and is connected with a standby power supply.
7. The symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a connecting gallery (13) for communicating the first lifting gallery (5) with the second lifting gallery (6) is arranged at the intersection of the first lifting gallery (5) and the second lifting gallery (6).
8. The symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system according to claim 1, wherein: the ascent system comprises a power unit (14) located at an upper platform, a car (15) located in the shaft (3) and a cable (16) connecting the power unit (14) and the car (15).
9. An escape method of the symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: when the nuclear power station has an accident, an alarm system is started, escape personnel pass through the stairs of the electric plant chamber (1) or the auxiliary plant chamber (2) and pass through the radiation-proof shielding door (9) to enter the shielding chamber (7), pass through the shielding chamber (7) and the spraying device (10), take medicines and gas masks from the medical product chamber (12), wear the medicines and the gas masks through the radiation-proof shielding door (9), enter the first ascending gallery (5) or the second ascending gallery (6), enter the horizontal gallery (4), pass through the spraying device (10) in the horizontal gallery (4) and then enter the car (15) in the vertical shaft (3), and are pulled to the upper platform by the power device (14) to finish escaping or wait for further rescue.
10. The escape method of the symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system according to claim 9, wherein: when the whole power failure condition is met in the evacuation process, the standby power supply is started to open the radiation-proof shielding door (9), and when the standby power supply fails, the radiation-proof shielding door (9) is manually opened.
CN201910842561.9A 2019-09-06 2019-09-06 Symmetrical underground nuclear power emergency escape system and escape method Active CN110600152B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113827880A (en) * 2021-09-23 2021-12-24 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 Spiral downward escape method for underground nuclear power plant
CN113955607A (en) * 2021-09-23 2022-01-21 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 Box type vertical escape method for underground nuclear power plant

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US4971752A (en) * 1988-12-14 1990-11-20 Parker Louis W Safety design for nuclear power plants
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CN203966579U (en) * 2014-06-13 2014-11-26 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 Nuclear island cavity group gallery shape is arranged underground nuclear power station
CN104505133A (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-04-08 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 Airborne radioactive anti-diffusion system for underground nuclear power station
CN210956188U (en) * 2019-09-06 2020-07-07 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 Symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4971752A (en) * 1988-12-14 1990-11-20 Parker Louis W Safety design for nuclear power plants
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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113827880A (en) * 2021-09-23 2021-12-24 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 Spiral downward escape method for underground nuclear power plant
CN113955607A (en) * 2021-09-23 2022-01-21 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 Box type vertical escape method for underground nuclear power plant

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