CN113955607B - Box type vertical escape method for underground nuclear power plant - Google Patents
Box type vertical escape method for underground nuclear power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN113955607B CN113955607B CN202111113199.5A CN202111113199A CN113955607B CN 113955607 B CN113955607 B CN 113955607B CN 202111113199 A CN202111113199 A CN 202111113199A CN 113955607 B CN113955607 B CN 113955607B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/0005—Constructional features of hoistways
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/0065—Roping
- B66B11/008—Roping with hoisting rope or cable operated by frictional engagement with a winding drum or sheave
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B17/00—Hoistway equipment
- B66B17/12—Counterpoises
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
- G21D1/02—Arrangements of auxiliary equipment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a box type vertical escape method of an underground nuclear power plant, which comprises the following steps: the personnel lift car passes through the shielding isolation area downwards under the traction of the traction mechanism and enters the interior of the personnel intensive factory building; the evacuee enters the personnel lift car; the personnel lift car passes through the shielding isolation area upwards under the traction of the traction mechanism; the personnel lift car is lifted to the highest position of the escape shaft under the traction of the traction mechanism, and the escape personnel are conveyed upwards to a ground safety area. The evacuee can supply materials through the radiation-proof medicine and fire-fighting products placed in the personnel lift car; when the underground nuclear power plant power supply works normally, the traction mechanism is driven by the power mechanism, and when the underground nuclear power plant power supply fails, the traction mechanism is driven by the counterweight lift car. The escape method is provided with a safe and rapid escape path aiming at the accident situation of whether a power supply exists or not, so that the escape time is shortened, and the escape probability under the accident situation is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of escape methods, and relates to an escape method for an underground nuclear power plant.
Background
An underground nuclear power plant refers to a power plant in which nuclear reactors, a reactor coolant system, and a nuclear island main auxiliary system are placed underground, and a nuclear island part auxiliary system, a turbo generator system, and other auxiliary systems are placed underground or on the ground to produce electric energy by using nuclear energy. The nuclear facilities such as the reactor and the like are arranged in the underground rock mass or the stable mountain body of the underground nuclear power plant, so that the large-scale diffusion of radioactive substances under serious accidents can be prevented. The underground nuclear power plant has high safety, and can protect public safety especially under extreme accidents, thereby greatly improving the acceptance of public to nuclear power. In addition, the underground nuclear power station is more flexible in site selection, and can more effectively utilize land resources. Above the underground cavern of an underground nuclear power plant there is usually a shaft for construction, which is usually in a waste state after the formal operation of the power plant and is not used effectively.
When the nuclear island part of the underground nuclear power plant is positioned below the ground level, the covering layer above the nuclear island is more than 200m, the traffic tunnels are more, the evacuation and rescue lines are long, and the difficulty of in-situ evacuation is higher when nuclear accidents, fire and other accidents occur. And in the event of an accident, there is a high possibility that the power in the factory is cut off and the conventional escape method depending on electric energy alone is disabled.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a box type vertical escape method of an underground nuclear power plant.
The escape method comprises the following steps:
step one, a personnel lift car downwards passes through a shielding isolation area to enter the interior of a personnel intensive factory building under the traction of a traction mechanism;
step two, the escape personnel enter the personnel lift car;
step three, the personnel lift car passes through the shielding isolation area upwards under the traction of the traction mechanism;
step four, the personnel lift car ascends to the highest position of the escape shaft under the traction of the traction mechanism, and the escape personnel are conveyed upwards to a ground safety area.
In the second step, the evacuee can supply materials through the radiation-proof medicines and the fire-fighting products placed in the personnel lift car.
Further, in the first, second and fourth steps, when the underground nuclear power plant power supply works normally, the traction mechanism is driven by the power mechanism, and when the underground nuclear power plant power supply fails, the traction mechanism is driven by the counterweight lift car.
Further, when the traction mechanism is driven by the power mechanism, the personnel lift car passes through the shielding isolation area, and the inner shielding door and the outer shielding door of the shielding isolation area are not opened at the same time; when the traction mechanism is driven by the counterweight car, the personnel car passes through the shielding isolation area, and the inner shielding door and the outer shielding door of the shielding isolation area are opened simultaneously.
When the underground nuclear power plant normally operates, the inner shielding door and the outer shielding door are in a closed state, the underground nuclear power plant is started when an accident occurs, and when the power supply normally operates, the opening and closing processes are as follows: when a personnel lift car needs to enter the personnel-intensive factory building, firstly, the outer shielding door is opened, the personnel lift car descends to a shielding isolation area between the inner shielding door and the outer shielding door, then the outer shielding door is closed, the inner shielding door is opened, and after the personnel lift car enters the personnel-intensive factory building, the inner shielding door is closed; when personnel car has carried the personnel of fleing and needs to return, at first open interior shield door, personnel car gets into the isolation zone, closes interior shield door, personnel car and the personnel of fleing carry out the clearance of radioactive substance in the isolation zone of shielding, then open outer shield door, personnel car and personnel of fleing leave the isolation zone of shielding, close outer shield door at last, but the safety of the maximized assurance personnel of above step, effectively prevent the leakage of radioactive substance. When the power supply fails, the inner shielding door and the outer shielding door are simultaneously opened, after the personnel lift car rapidly enters the personnel-intensive factory building, the inner shielding door and the outer shielding door are simultaneously closed, and when the personnel lift car carries the escape personnel and needs to return, the inner shielding door and the outer shielding door are simultaneously opened, the personnel lift car rapidly leaves the shielding isolation area upwards, and the inner shielding door and the outer shielding door are vertically closed. And a sealing structure is arranged among the inner shielding door, the outer shielding door and the traction mechanism, so that radioactive substances cannot leak outdoors when the personnel lift car enters the personnel intensive factory building.
Furthermore, when the traction mechanism is driven by the power mechanism, the personnel lift car passes through the shielding isolation area, and the escapers can clear the radioactive substances on the body through the automatic radioactive substance clearing device in the shielding isolation area.
Furthermore, the counterweight car supplements water through the water filling tank and the water filling mechanism at the top of the counterweight car to increase the counterweight, and the counterweight car drains water through the water outlet at the bottom of the counterweight car to reduce the counterweight; the counterweight lift car is buffered by a buffer zone at the bottom of the counterweight vertical shaft.
The water discharged into the buffer zone by the counterweight car can be pumped to an associated cooling system for supplementing the cooling water. When the underground nuclear power plant needs cooling urgently, water in the water supplementing tank can be directly discharged into the buffer zone through the water injection mechanism.
Furthermore, when the counterweight car is towed, the personnel car stably runs and falls through the damping braking mechanism arranged on the towing mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the box type vertical escape method provided by the invention does not depend on an external power supply, and escape personnel can safely and orderly evacuate when the external power supply fails; the escape personnel can effectively reduce the probability of radioactive substances leakage through the steps of the multiple shielding doors, and when the radioactive substances are released, an isolation chamber is arranged between the inner shielding door and the outer shielding door, so that the gaseous radioactive substances in the escape personnel can be prevented from being released into a vertical shaft, and the safety of the escape personnel is protected; meanwhile, the escape personnel can clear the radioactive substances on the body through the automatic radioactive substance clearing device in the shielding isolation area, so that the safety of the human body is protected; the evacuee can supply materials through the radiation-proof drugs and fire-fighting products placed in the personnel lift car, so that the success rate of escape is ensured; the personnel lift car can directly enter the factory building to transport the escape personnel under the accident condition, so that the escape time is shortened, and the escape probability under the accident condition is improved.
The escape method of the invention aims at the accident situation of the existence of the power supply, and sets safe and rapid escape paths under the condition of ensuring that the radioactive substances are not leaked, thereby maximizing the safe escape probability of personnel in the field and the successful implementation probability of off-site rescue when the underground nuclear power station is in accident.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a box-type vertical escape system when not in operation.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a box-type vertical escape system after a personnel lift car enters a personnel-intensive factory building.
Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a personnel lift car of the box-type vertical escape system when the personnel lift car escapes from the highest place of the vertical shaft.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 2.
Wherein: 1-a factory building; 1.1-a personnel intensive factory building; 1.2-an unmanned plant; 2-shielding the isolation region; 2.1-an inner shield door; 2.2-an outer shield door; 3-personnel lift car; 4-traction mechanism; 5-a power mechanism; 6-a water supplementing tank; 7-a water injection mechanism; 8-a water pump; 9-buffer; 10.1-escape shaft; 10.2-counterweight shaft; 11-counterweight car; 12-damped brake mechanism.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the invention, but is made merely by way of example, and the advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood. All modifications directly derived or suggested to one skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention should be considered as being within the scope of the present invention. The positional relationship described in the embodiments is the same as that shown in the drawings, and other parts not described in detail in the embodiments are all prior art.
As shown in fig. 1, a plant 1 of an underground nuclear power plant is arranged at the bottom of the ground, the plant 1 comprises a personnel-intensive plant 1.1 and an unmanned plant 1.2, and due to construction requirements, construction shafts which are directly communicated with the ground are arranged above the personnel-intensive plant 1.1 and the unmanned plant 1.2, and can be utilized as an installation space of a box-type vertical escape system. The construction shaft above the personnel-intensive building 1.1 can be used as the escape shaft 10.1, and the construction shaft above the unmanned building 1.2 can be used as the counterweight shaft 10.2.
The components and mechanisms of the box-type vertical escape system are described below.
As shown in fig. 1, when the box type vertical escape system is not in operation, the shielding and isolating area 2 is positioned in the escape vertical shaft 10.1 above the personnel-intensive factory building 1.1, and an automatic radioactive substance cleaning device is arranged in the shielding and isolating area 2. Specifically, the shielding isolation area 2 is composed of an inner shielding door 2.1, an outer shielding door 2.2 and the side wall of the escape vertical shaft 10.1, wherein the inner shielding door 2.1 and the outer shielding door 2.2 can be opened and closed in the horizontal direction, the inner shielding door 2.1 is arranged at the top of the personnel-intensive factory building 1.1, and the outer shielding door 2.2 is arranged above the inner shielding door 2.1. A personnel lift car 3 for carrying escape personnel is arranged above the shielding isolation area 2, and the top of the personnel lift car 3 is connected with a traction mechanism 4. The power mechanism 5 is arranged on the ground, the counterweight lift car 11 is arranged in the counterweight vertical shaft 10.2, and the personnel lift car 3 is connected with the power mechanism 5 or the counterweight lift car 11 through the traction mechanism 4. Sealing structures are arranged among the inner shielding door 2.1, the outer shielding door 2.2 and the traction mechanism 4, and radioactive substances cannot leak outdoors when the personnel lift car 3 enters the personnel intensive factory building 1.2.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in the present embodiment, a damping brake mechanism 12 is provided on the traction mechanism 4 between the counterweight car 11 and the passenger car 3, and the damping brake mechanism 12 is also provided on the ground; the periphery of the top of the counterweight vertical shaft 10.2 is also provided with a water supplementing tank 6, the side surface of the water supplementing tank 6 is provided with a water injection mechanism 7, and the top of the counterweight lift car 11 is provided with a water injection port which can be communicated with the water injection mechanism 7, as shown in fig. 4; in addition, the bottom of the counterweight lift car 11 is provided with a water outlet, the counterweight of the counterweight lift car 11 can be reduced when needed, the bottom of the counterweight vertical shaft 10.2 is provided with a buffer zone 9 for collecting water discharged by the counterweight lift car 11, the side surface of the counterweight vertical shaft 10.2 is provided with a water pumping pipeline, a water pump 8 is arranged on the water pumping pipeline, and the water discharged into the buffer zone 9 can be connected to a related cooling system through the water pump 8 for supplementing cooling water; when the underground nuclear power plant needs cooling suddenly, the water in the water supplementing tank 6 can be directly discharged into the buffer zone 9 through the water injection mechanism 7.
The escape method will be described in detail with reference to the case type vertical escape system.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, when an accident occurs in an underground nuclear power plant, an external power supply or a standby power supply works normally, and a person needs to evacuate and escape, the person lift car 3 is connected with a power mechanism 5 through a traction mechanism 4. The operation flow of the box type vertical escape system is as follows: the outer shielding door 2.2 is opened, the personnel lift car 3 in the escape vertical shaft 10.1 descends into the shielding isolation area 2 between the inner shielding door 2.1 and the outer shielding door 2.2 through the connected traction mechanism 4 under the action of the power mechanism 5, then the outer shielding door 2.2 is closed, the inner shielding door 2.1 is opened, the personnel lift car 3 continues to descend and enters the personnel intensive factory building 1.2, and the inner shielding door 2.1 is closed; when an evacuee enters the personnel lift car 3, the personnel lift car 3 carries the evacuee and needs to return, the inner shielding door 2.1 is opened firstly, the personnel lift car 3 ascends to enter the shielding isolation area 2 through the connected traction mechanism 4 under the action of the power mechanism 5, the inner shielding door 2.1 is closed, the personnel lift car 3 and the evacuee clean radioactive substances in the isolation area, then the outer shielding door 2.2 is opened, the personnel lift car 3 carrying the evacuee continuously leaves the shielding isolation area, and finally the outer shielding door 2.2 is closed, so that the personnel safety can be ensured to the greatest extent, and the leakage of radioactive substances is effectively prevented; finally, the personnel lift car 3 carrying the evacuee ascends to the highest point of the escape shaft 10.1 through the connected traction mechanism 4 under the action of the power mechanism 5, so that the evacuee can escape to the ground. Through the circulation of the above processes, the evacuee can be continuously transported to the ground safety area.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, when an accident occurs in an underground nuclear power plant and an external power supply or a standby power supply fails, and a person needs to evacuate and escape, the person car 3 is connected with the counterweight car 11 through a traction mechanism 4, and a damping braking mechanism 12 is further arranged on the traction mechanism 4. The operation flow of the box type vertical escape system is as follows: the counter weight car 11 outwards drains, simultaneously inner shield door 2.1 and outer shield door 2.2 are all opened simultaneously, when the water in counter weight car 11 discharges certain volume, personnel car 3 in the vertical shaft that flees 10.1 descends downwards under the effect of gravity through the traction mechanism 4 who connects, under the effect of damping brake mechanism 12, personnel car 3 steadily drops to personnel intensive factory building 1.1, the personnel that flee gets into personnel car 3, when personnel car 3 carried the personnel that flee and need return, as shown in fig. 4, water supplementing tank 6 is connected with the water injection mouth at counter weight car 11 top through water injection mechanism 7, water injection in counter weight car 11, when the water yield exceeds certain volume, counter weight car 11 moves downwards in the vertical shaft 10.2, personnel car 3 upwards moves through the traction mechanism 4 who connects, inner shield door 2.1 and outer shield door 2.2 open simultaneously, when the speed reaches a certain value, damping brake mechanism 12 steadily controls the speed of descending of counter weight car 11 through the damping, simultaneously buffer zone 9 can cushion the counter weight car 11, make personnel escape car 3 steadily to reach the place of the highest ground that can be reached to personnel car 10.1. Through the circulation of the above processes, the evacuee can be continuously transported to the ground safety area.
The bottom of the counterweight car 11 is provided with a water outlet, water in the counterweight car 11 can be discharged into the buffer zone 9 when needed, the counterweight is reduced, and the water discharged into the buffer zone 9 can be connected to a related cooling system through a water pump 8 for supplementing cooling water. When the underground nuclear power plant needs cooling suddenly, the water in the water supplementing tank 6 can be directly discharged into the buffer zone 9 through the water injection mechanism 7.
According to the box type vertical escape method, various situations possibly occurring during nuclear accidents of an underground nuclear power plant are fully considered, underground staff can be quickly transferred to the ground, and meanwhile, under the extreme condition that both power sources of a power system and standby power sources are lost, the staff can be safely and quickly transferred in a passive mode through water quantity control of the counterweight lift car 11 and cooperation of the damping braking mechanism 12. The water in the water supplementing tank 6 can be used for injecting other cooling systems to supplement cooling water, so that the safety of the nuclear power station is ensured.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A box type vertical escape method of an underground nuclear power plant comprises the following steps:
step one, a personnel lift car (3) passes through a shielding isolation area (2) downwards under the traction of a traction mechanism (4) and enters the interior of a personnel intensive factory building (1.1);
step two, the evacuee enters the personnel lift car (3), and the evacuee can supply materials through the radiation-proof medicine and the fire-fighting products placed in the personnel lift car (3);
step three, a personnel lift car (3) passes through the shielding isolation area (2) upwards under the traction of the traction mechanism (4);
step four, the personnel lift car (3) ascends to the highest position of the escape vertical shaft (10.1) under the traction of the traction mechanism (4) and transports the escapers upwards to a ground safety area;
in the first step, the second step and the fourth step, when the underground nuclear power plant power supply works normally, the traction mechanism (4) is driven by the power mechanism (5), and when the personnel lift car (3) passes through the shielding isolation area (2), escape personnel can clear radioactive substances on the body through the automatic radioactive substance clearing device in the shielding isolation area (2), and the inner shielding door (2.1) and the outer shielding door (2.2) of the shielding isolation area (2) are not opened at the same time;
when the underground nuclear power plant power supply fails, the traction mechanism (4) is driven by the counterweight lift car (11), and when the personnel lift car (3) passes through the shielding isolation area (2), the inner shielding door (2.1) and the outer shielding door (2.2) of the shielding isolation area (2) are simultaneously opened;
the counterweight car (11) is filled with water through a water filling hole at the top of the counterweight car to increase the counterweight by using the water filling tank (6) and the water filling mechanism (7), and the counterweight car (11) is discharged through a water outlet at the bottom of the counterweight car to reduce the counterweight; the counterweight lift car (11) is buffered by a buffer zone at the bottom of the counterweight vertical shaft (10.2); when the counterweight lift car (11) is used for traction, the damping braking mechanism (12) is arranged on the traction mechanism (4) to enable the personnel lift car (3) to stably run and land.
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| CN202111113199.5A CN113955607B (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Box type vertical escape method for underground nuclear power plant |
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| CN113955607B true CN113955607B (en) | 2023-06-27 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108996371A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-12-14 | 安徽建筑大学 | A kind of more floors collaboration escape device and personnel evacuation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH05137807A (en) * | 1991-11-22 | 1993-06-01 | Yoshio Nakagawa | Method of emergency evacuation and escape from structure without power |
| CN101249300A (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2008-08-27 | 于福洋 | Hoisting machine escape life saving system for tall building |
| CN202609730U (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-12-19 | 东南电梯股份有限公司 | Service lift special for nuclear power plant |
| EP2918312B1 (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2016-09-21 | Serbex Tecnología y Valores, S.L. | Gravity elevator |
| JP5348443B1 (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-11-20 | 正典 藤崎 | Tsunami intrusion prevention device |
| CN104401861B (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2017-01-11 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for increasing hoisting capability of vertical shaft friction type hoisting system |
| CN109646832B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2024-04-19 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Passive emergency escape system of underground nuclear power station and escape method thereof |
| CN110600152B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2024-04-12 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Symmetrical underground nuclear power emergency escape system and escape method |
| CN211172080U (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2020-08-04 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Utility tunnel flees for one's life mouthful and utility tunnel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108996371A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-12-14 | 安徽建筑大学 | A kind of more floors collaboration escape device and personnel evacuation method |
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