CN113827880A - Spiral downward escape method for underground nuclear power plant - Google Patents
Spiral downward escape method for underground nuclear power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN113827880A CN113827880A CN202111113188.7A CN202111113188A CN113827880A CN 113827880 A CN113827880 A CN 113827880A CN 202111113188 A CN202111113188 A CN 202111113188A CN 113827880 A CN113827880 A CN 113827880A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/20—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of sliding-ropes, sliding-poles or chutes, e.g. hoses, pipes, sliding-grooves, sliding-sheets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H5/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial or agricultural purposes
- E04H5/02—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial purposes, e.g. for power-plants or factories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a spiral downward escape method for an underground nuclear power plant, which comprises the following steps: the escape personnel in the factory building enter the shielding isolation cavern; the escape personnel slide downwards from the shielding and isolating chamber through the spiral channel and enter the transfer chamber; the escape personnel move downwards from the transfer cavern to the traffic corridor cavern through the downlink channel; the escape personnel supply materials in the material grotto and then escape to the outside by taking a vehicle. The escape method does not depend on an external power supply, and when the power supply is lost, the escape personnel can evacuate in a safe and orderly manner by adopting a downward escape path; escape personnel enter the shielding and isolating chamber from the factory building and then escape downwards, so that the risk of leakage of radioactive substances can be effectively reduced; the escape personnel can obtain necessary escape materials through the emergency cavern and the material cavern in the traffic corridor cavern; the escape method maximally improves the safety escape probability of personnel in the field and the successful implementation probability of off-site rescue in the accident of the underground nuclear power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of escape methods, and relates to an escape method of an underground nuclear power plant.
Background
An underground nuclear power plant is a power plant which is used for producing electric energy by using nuclear energy and is characterized in that a nuclear reactor, a reactor coolant system and a main auxiliary system of a nuclear island are arranged underground, and a part of auxiliary system of the nuclear island, a steam turbine generator system and other auxiliary systems are arranged underground or on the ground. In the underground nuclear power plant, nuclear facilities such as reactors are arranged in underground rock bodies or stable mountain bodies, so that large-scale diffusion of radioactive substances under serious accidents is prevented. The safety of the underground nuclear power plant is high, the public safety can be protected particularly under extreme accidents, and the acceptance of the public to nuclear power is greatly improved. In addition, the site selection of the underground nuclear power station is more flexible, and the land resources can be more effectively utilized.
When the nuclear island portion of the underground nuclear power plant is below ground level, the cover layer over the nuclear island is typically 200m or more. When accidents such as nuclear accidents, fire disasters and the like occur, the traditional method for escaping from the fire-fighting access by walking has the defects that the nuclear island is large in height away from the ground, the number of traffic tunnels is large, the evacuation and rescue lines are long, and the difficulty of evacuation and escape by walking in the field is high. And if the escape is carried out directly from the accident site, the escape is likely to be affected by airborne radioactive substances or fire smoke leaked from the nuclear. And in case of accident, power failure is likely to happen in the factory, and the conventional escape method relying only on electric energy is likely to fail.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a spiral downward escape method for an underground nuclear power plant.
The escape method comprises the following steps:
step one, enabling escape personnel in a factory building to enter a shielding and isolating chamber;
step two, the escape personnel slide downwards from the shielding and isolating chamber through the spiral channel and enter the transfer chamber;
thirdly, the escape personnel move downwards from the transit cavern to the traffic corridor cavern through the downlink channel;
and step four, the escape personnel supply materials in the material cavern and then take the transportation means to escape to the outside.
Further, in the first step, the outer shielding door of the shielding isolation grotto is opened first, after the escape personnel enter the outer chamber, the outer shielding door is closed, then the inner shielding door is opened, and after the escape personnel enter the inner chamber, the inner shielding door is closed again.
The escape personnel enter the shielding isolation chamber by adopting the step, so that the safety of the personnel can be ensured to the maximum extent, the leakage of radioactive substances is effectively prevented, and the gaseous radioactive substances in the factory building are prevented from being released into the spiral channel.
Furthermore, in the first step, after the escape personnel enter the outer room, the radioactive substance on the body is cleaned by the radioactive substance cleaning device; after the escape personnel enter the inner chamber, the gas mask, the radiation-proof medicine and the spiral channel sliding tool are obtained in the emergency cavity.
Furthermore, in the second step, the escape personnel slide downwards to the sliding channel through the spiral channel to enter the transfer cavern and buffer through the buffer device in the transfer cavern.
After the escape personnel slide downwards to the bottommost part in the spiral channel, the escape personnel can further slide through the sliding channel to prevent the escape personnel from sliding too fast, and the buffer device is used for buffering to guarantee the safety of the escape personnel.
Furthermore, in the second step, the escape personnel slide downwards through the spiral channel, slide on the arc-shaped sliding channel at the slope surface on the side surface of the platform, flush to the top of the platform and buffer through the buffer device; when the speed of the escape personnel sliding on the sliding channel is not enough to rush to the top of the platform, the escape personnel can walk to the top of the platform through the ascending stair channel arranged on the slope surface of the side surface of the platform.
When the escape personnel need to further slide and decelerate through the sliding channel after sliding downwards in the spiral channel, the sliding speed is greatly reduced by the arc-shaped sliding channel on the side surface of the platform, so that the impact force on the buffer device is greatly reduced when the escape personnel rush to the top of the platform, and the safety guarantee of the personnel is further improved; when the speed of the escape personnel during sliding on the sliding channel is not enough to rush to the top of the platform, the escape personnel can walk to the top of the platform through the ascending stair channel arranged on the slope surface of the side surface of the platform and then enter the descending channel from the top of the platform.
Compared with the prior art, the spiral downward escape method does not depend on an external power supply, and escape personnel can evacuate safely and orderly by adopting a downward escape route when the power supply is lost, so that the influence of airborne radioactive substances or fire smoke leaked from a nuclear on the personnel is effectively avoided; when the escape personnel enter the shielding and isolating grotto, the inner shielding door and the outer shielding door are not opened at the same time, so that the risk of leakage of radioactive substances can be effectively reduced; in addition, the escape personnel can remove radioactive substances on the body through the radioactive substance cleaning device, so that the safety of the escape personnel is guaranteed; the escape personnel can obtain necessary escape materials through the emergency cavern and the material cavern in the traffic corridor cavern; the escape method maximally improves the safety escape probability of personnel in the field and the successful implementation probability of off-site rescue in the accident of the underground nuclear power plant.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a spiral downward escape system.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a shielding isolation chamber.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the transfer chamber.
In the figure: 1-factory building; 2-a helical channel; 3-a transfer chamber; 3.1-ascending stair passage; 3.2-sliding channel; 3.3-a buffer device; 3.4-a downstream port; 3.5-stage; 4-a material cavern; 5-a vehicle; 6-traffic corridor holes; 7-shielding and isolating the cavern; 7.1-outer shield door; 7.2-outer chamber; 7.21-radioactive substance washing device; 7.3-inner screen door; 7.4-inner chamber; 7.41-emergency cavern; 8-downlink channel.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments are not limited to the invention, and the advantages of the invention will be understood more clearly by the description. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention. The positional relationships described in the embodiments are all the same as those shown in the drawings, and other portions not described in detail in the embodiments are all the related art.
As shown in fig. 1, a building 1 of an underground nuclear power plant is provided on the bottom of the ground, inside a mountain.
The various components and mechanisms of the spiral downward escape system are described below.
As shown in fig. 1, shielding isolation cavern 7 is arranged in one corner of factory building 1, spiral passage 2 is arranged below shielding isolation cavern 7, one end of spiral passage 2 is communicated with shielding isolation cavern 7, the other end of spiral passage 2 extends to transfer cavern 3, downlink passage 8 is arranged below transfer cavern 3, transfer cavern 3 is communicated with corridor hole 6 through downlink passage 8, and goods and materials cavern 4 and vehicle 5 are arranged in corridor hole 6.
Specifically, the shielding isolation cavern 7 is as shown in fig. 2, an inner shielding door 7.3 divides the shielding isolation cavern 7 into an outer chamber 7.2 and an inner chamber 7.4, and an outer shielding door 7.1 is arranged between the outer chamber 7.2 and the plant 1; a radioactive substance cleaning device 7.21 is arranged in the outer chamber 7.2, and can clean radioactive substances on the body of a person and prevent the radioactive substances from leaking; an emergency cavity 7.41 is arranged in the inner chamber 7.4, and a gas mask, a radiation-proof medicine, a spiral channel sliding tool and the like used by the escape personnel can be placed in the emergency cavity 7.41.
Specifically, the transfer cavern 3 is as shown in fig. 3, a platform 3.5 is arranged in the middle of the transfer cavern 3, the side surface of the platform 3.5 is a slope, and in this embodiment, the left and right side surfaces of the platform 3.5 are slopes; the top of the platform 3.5 is provided with a buffer device 3.3 and a downlink port 3.4; one end of the sliding channel 3.2 is connected with the bottommost part of the spiral channel 2, the other end of the sliding channel 3.2 extends to the buffer device 3.3 on the platform 3.5, and particularly, the sliding channel 3.2 at the slope surface of the platform 3.5 is of an arc-shaped structure, so that escape personnel can conveniently rush to the top of the platform 3.5 and buffer through the buffer device 3.3; an ascending stair channel 3.1 is also arranged on the slope surface of the side surface of the platform 3.5.
The escape method will be described in detail below with reference to a spiral downward escape system.
When an accident occurs in an underground nuclear power plant, an external power supply or a standby power supply fails, and people need to leave for escape, the escape people in the plant 1 need to enter a shielding and isolating grotto 7 first, specifically, an outer shielding door 7.1 of the shielding and isolating grotto 7 is opened first, after the escape people enter an outer chamber 7.2, the outer shielding door 7.1 is closed, a radioactive substance cleaning device 7.21 is started to clean radioactive substances on the escape people, after the cleaning is finished, an inner shielding door 7.3 is opened, after the escape people enter an inner chamber 7.4, the inner shielding door 7.3 is closed again, and the escape people obtain materials such as a gas mask, a radiation-proof medicine, a spiral channel sliding tool and the like required for escape in an emergency grotto 7.41; after carrying the sliding tool, the escape personnel enters the spiral channel 2 through the communication port of the inner chamber 7.4; the escape personnel slide downwards to the bottommost part through the spiral channel 2 and then enter the transfer chamber 3, specifically, the escape personnel slide on the slide channel 3.2 and slide on the arc slide channel 3.2 at the slope surface of the side surface of the platform 3.5, and then impact on the top of the platform 3.5, and buffer is performed through the buffer device 3.3, when the speed of the escape personnel sliding on the slide channel 3.2 is not enough to impact on the top of the platform 3.5, the escape personnel can walk on the top of the platform 3.5 through the ascending stair channel 3.1 arranged on the slope surface of the side surface of the platform 3.5; then the sliding tool is taken off by the escape personnel, enters the descending channel 8 from the descending port 3.4 at the top of the platform 2.5, enters the traffic corridor hole 6 through the descending channel 8, and the personnel supply drinking water, food, medicines and the like in the material grotto 4 and then escape to the outside by taking the traffic tool 5.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A spiral downward escape method for an underground nuclear power plant comprises the following steps:
step one, the escape personnel in the factory building (1) enter a shielding isolation grotto (7);
secondly, the escape personnel slide downwards from the shielding isolation cavern (7) through the spiral channel (2) and enter the transfer cavern (3);
thirdly, the escape personnel downwards move from the transfer cavern (3) to the traffic corridor cavern (6) through the descending channel (8);
and step four, the escape personnel supply materials in the material cavern (4) and then take the transportation means (5) to escape to the outside.
2. The spiral downward escape method for underground nuclear power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, an outer shielding door (7.1) of the shielding isolation grotto (7) is opened firstly, after the escape personnel enter an outer chamber (7.2), the outer shielding door (7.1) is closed, then an inner shielding door (7.3) is opened, and after the escape personnel enter an inner chamber (7.4), the inner shielding door (7.3) is closed again.
3. The spiral downward escape method for underground nuclear power plants according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the first step, after the escape personnel enter an outer room (7.2), radioactive substances on the escape personnel are cleaned through a radioactive substance cleaning device (7.21); after the escape personnel enter the inner chamber (7.4), the gas mask, the radiation-proof medicine and the spiral channel sliding tool are obtained in the emergency cavity (7.41).
4. A spiral downward escape method for an underground nuclear power plant according to claim 3, wherein: in the second step, the escape personnel slide downwards to the sliding channel (3.2) through the spiral channel (2) to enter the transfer cavern (3), and buffer is carried out through the buffer device (3.3) in the transfer cavern (3).
5. A spiral downward escape method for a nuclear power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: in the second step, the escape personnel slide downwards through the spiral channel (2), slide on the arc-shaped sliding channel (3.2) at the slope surface on the side surface of the platform (3.5), rush to the top of the platform (3.5), and buffer through the buffer device (3.3); when the speed of the escape personnel sliding on the sliding channel (3.2) is not enough to rush to the top of the platform (3.5), the escape personnel can walk to the top of the platform (3.5) through the ascending stair channel (3.1) arranged on the slope surface of the side surface of the platform (3.5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111113188.7A CN113827880A (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Spiral downward escape method for underground nuclear power plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111113188.7A CN113827880A (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Spiral downward escape method for underground nuclear power plant |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113827880A true CN113827880A (en) | 2021-12-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111113188.7A Pending CN113827880A (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Spiral downward escape method for underground nuclear power plant |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6438907B1 (en) * | 1999-06-11 | 2002-08-27 | Mccarthy Walton W. | Entranceway and disaster shelter utilizing the same |
| US20110088339A1 (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2011-04-21 | Mccarthy Walton W | Disaster shelter and shelter system |
| CN106024082A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-10-12 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Sealing door system of underground nuclear power station |
| CN106606828A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-05-03 | 张义兵 | Column type spiral escape passage device |
| CN109646832A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-19 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | The passive emergency escape system of underground nuclear power station and its escape method |
| CN109712734A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-03 | 衡阳师范学院 | A kind of rescue personnel lobby having nuclear leakage emergency-sheltering function |
| CN110600152A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-20 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system and escape method |
-
2021
- 2021-09-23 CN CN202111113188.7A patent/CN113827880A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6438907B1 (en) * | 1999-06-11 | 2002-08-27 | Mccarthy Walton W. | Entranceway and disaster shelter utilizing the same |
| US20110088339A1 (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2011-04-21 | Mccarthy Walton W | Disaster shelter and shelter system |
| CN106606828A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-05-03 | 张义兵 | Column type spiral escape passage device |
| CN106024082A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-10-12 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Sealing door system of underground nuclear power station |
| CN109712734A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-03 | 衡阳师范学院 | A kind of rescue personnel lobby having nuclear leakage emergency-sheltering function |
| CN109646832A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-19 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | The passive emergency escape system of underground nuclear power station and its escape method |
| CN110600152A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-20 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system and escape method |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20211224 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |