CN104064234A - Underground nuclear plant with nuclear island cavern groups distributed in gallery shape - Google Patents
Underground nuclear plant with nuclear island cavern groups distributed in gallery shape Download PDFInfo
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- CN104064234A CN104064234A CN201410264277.5A CN201410264277A CN104064234A CN 104064234 A CN104064234 A CN 104064234A CN 201410264277 A CN201410264277 A CN 201410264277A CN 104064234 A CN104064234 A CN 104064234A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
Abstract
The invention discloses an underground nuclear plant with nuclear island cavern groups distributed in a gallery shape. The underground nuclear plant comprises nuclear islands used for generating steam through nuclear fission energy and arranged in underground cavern groups, a reactor factory building cavern used for containing reactor factory buildings is arranged in the middle, and auxiliary cavern groups used for containing auxiliary factory buildings are oppositely arranged on the two sides of the reactor factory building cavern to form a gallery structure. The factory buildings of the nuclear islands are distributed underground to form the gallery structure, so that the number of caverns of the cavern groups of the underground nuclear islands can be reduced, adverse stratum directions and ground stress large principal stress directions are conveniently avoided, and stability of surrounding rock of the caverns is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underground nuclear power technology, refer to that particularly a kind of nuclear island cavity group gallery shape is arranged underground nuclear power station.
Background technology
USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) Chernobyl nuclear accident, U.S. San Li island nuclear accident and Fukushima, Japan nuclear accident show, under extreme accident conditions, existing ground nuclear power station is not enough to effective prevention and control nuclear leakage, guarantees nuclear safety.For this reason, some scholars, research institution's proposition both at home and abroad in underground, utilizes the natural screening effect of rock mass by the large scale business construction of nuclear power station, and nuclear pollution under extreme accident conditions is effectively controlled, and improves the security grade of nuclear power station.The countries and regions such as the U.S., Japan, USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), Europe from the seventies in last century so far, carry out successively the Conceptual Design Study of underground nuclear power station, the basic ideas of its construction are that nuclear power station is related to nuclear equipment, such as reactor, steam generator, main pump, voltage stabilizer, primary coolant circuit pipe and relevant auxiliary device etc., be placed in underground chamber.This construction mode, equipment layout is flexible, and underground chamber scale is less, and cavern's construction and excavation difficulty is lower.
Although correlative study is had it long ago, there is no in the world the case history of large scale business underground nuclear power station at present.This be mainly because: 1. by the construction of nuclear power station in underground, due to cavern excavation, civil engineering expense will increase to some extent; 2. for the accident rate of reduction equipment operation, in construction of nuclear power station process, should reduce the change with reference to power station existing equipment process system as far as possible.As built thinking according to above-mentioned underground nuclear power station, nuclear power station is related to nuclear equipment according to the space requirement of underground chamber, flexible arrangement is in cavern, although can reduce to a certain extent cavern's scale, but will make the layout and the existing ground reference power station that relate to nuclear equipment have relatively big difference, thereby need carry out a large amount of safety evaluations and demonstration, and not meet third generation in the world Construction of Nuclear Electricity standardization, modular total thinking.
The each factory building of existing ground business nuclear island of nuclear power station, such as reactor building, fuel factory building, electrical building, safe factory building, nuclear auxiliary building etc., its internal unit is arranged all and is proved through strict, has standardization and modular feature.Thus, during large scale business underground nuclear power station is built, should ensure that the version, mutual alignment relation, internal unit layout etc. of the each factory building of nuclear island are not carried out large change, to reduce the adjustment of core process system as far as possible.But, be subject to the restriction of underground cavern excavation technology, be difficult to provide enough large cavern, the existing ground each factory building of nuclear island is copied built in underground completely.
Version, mutual alignment relation, internal unit layout that ensures the each factory building of nuclear island etc. is not carried out large adjustment, can meet again the requirement of existing underground cavern excavation technology, the simplest mode of underground nuclear power station construction is that the each factory building of nuclear island in the nuclear power station of existing ground is radially stretched centered by reactor building, each factory building is arranged in different small-sized caverns, thereby presents on the whole the feature being circular layout.So, need to build reactor building cavern, fuel factory building cavern, safe factory building cavern, nuclear auxiliary building cavern, electrical building cavern, connect independently underground chamber such as 6 of factory building caverns etc.Like this in underground hole group excavation, need to arrange three layers, totally 38 construction holes, construction is disturbed large, is unfavorable for cavity group adjoining rock stability.And in being circular layout, the axis of the caverns such as fuel factory building cavern, connection factory building cavern is mutually vertical, cannot ensure that each cavern axis is all intersect with large-angle with strike and the large principal direction of stress of terrestrial stress, is unfavorable for Stability of Excavation Surrounding.Therefore, be necessary the arrangement form of underground nuclear island cavity group to be optimized, to reduce cavern, construction hole quantity, Shi Ge cavern axis is parallel simultaneously, so that nuclear island cavity group is evaded unfavorable strike and the large principal direction of stress of terrestrial stress while arranging.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention provides the nuclear island cavity group gallery shape of a kind of technical feasibility, economical rationality to arrange underground nuclear power station, and existing ground nuclear island of nuclear power station buildings is arranged in subterranean body.
For achieving the above object, the designed nuclear island cavity group gallery shape of the present invention is arranged underground nuclear power station, nuclear island cavity group gallery shape is arranged underground nuclear power station, comprise the nuclear island that utilizes nuclear fission energy to produce steam, its special character is: described nuclear island is arranged in underground hole group, in described underground hole group, to being on the spot arranged in both sides, reactor building cavern, form gallery structure for the auxiliary cavity group of placing auxiliary plant.Wherein, described auxiliary cavity group comprise electrical building cavern for placing electrical building, for placing the fuel factory building cavern of fuel factory building, for safe factory building cavern, the nuclear auxiliary building cavern of safety equipment are set.
Further, described electrical building cavern and fuel factory building cavern lay respectively at the both sides of gallery opposition.So, the axis of two gallery shape caverns is parallel to each other, and is beneficial to and when hole group arranges, evades unfavorable strike and the large principal direction of stress of terrestrial stress.
Preferably, described nuclear auxiliary building cavern, safe factory building cavern and fuel factory building cavern be in the same side, and described nuclear auxiliary building cavern, safe factory building cavern and fuel factory building cavern be same combination cavern, to reduce the quantity in cavern and a construction hole.Wherein, described safe factory building cavern has two, for subsequent use each other, so can ensure that, in the situation that accident appears in a safe plant and equipment, another safe factory building can ensure the normal operation of nuclear reactor.In described combination cavern, the left and right sides that two safe factory buildings are positioned at nuclear fuel factory building, isolates physically mutually, ensures that a safe factory building occurs that accident does not affect the normal operation of another safe factory building.Described nuclear auxiliary building is positioned at the leftmost side or the rightmost side of combination cavern.
Further, in described electrical building cavern, be provided with electrical building and for controlling the main steam valve chamber of jet chimney folding.So, the stube cable of electrical building and ground central control room and main steam line can be arranged in same tunnel, save construction investment.
Further, between described reactor building cavern and described auxiliary plant cavity group, arrange there is traffic, pipeline, cable, fire-fighting, draught effect be connected tunnel.So, can ensure that pipeline between each auxiliary plant and reactor building, cable arrangements are in relatively independent tunnel, and staff in each auxiliary plant cavern can directly not enter reactor building cavern by other cavern, be beneficial to nuclear safety guard zone.
Further, described auxiliary cavity group peripheral disposition has main access tunnel, and each auxiliary plant cavern is provided with at least two communicating branch holes and is connected with main access tunnel, and wherein, all sensible earth's surfaces, described main access tunnel two ends, form two gateways with ground.So, can ensure that each auxiliary plant cavern is all directly connected with main access tunnel, be convenient to equipment conveying, avoid the phase mutual interference of constructing between cavern; Meanwhile, each auxiliary plant cavern all has two tunnels to be connected with main access tunnel, and all sensible earth's surfaces, main access tunnel two ends can ensure that if an outlet is because of in the impassable situation of accident, personnel can flee from time by another outlet under extreme accident conditions.
In order effectively to control the pressure in reactor building under major accident, described nuclear island cavity group gallery shape arranges that underground nuclear power station comprises pressure release cavern, and described pressure release cavern is positioned at main tunnel inner side, and pressure release cavern only communicates with reactor building cavern.
Again further, described reactor building cavern top rock mass or earth's surface are provided with non-active pond, and described non-active pond is connected with reactor building spray system by pipeline, so that chilled water gravity flow enters reactor building under nuclear accident operating mode.
The present invention is arranged in different underground chambers relating to core buildings in nuclear power station, thereby forms gallery type underground hole group.Its beneficial effect is mainly reflected in:
(1) by each nuclear island factory building is arranged in different underground chambers, by the controlling space size of single cavern in the scale of built underground chamber, thereby guarantee that existing underground cavern excavation technology can meet underground nuclear power station and relate to core buildings and be arranged in underground requirement;
(2) the fuel factory building in nuclear island, nuclear auxiliary building, safe factory building etc. are built in assembled factory building cavern, effectively reduced the quantity of the main cavern of cavity group, be beneficial to cavity group adjoining rock stability;
(3) cavern's axis such as assembled factory building cavern, electrical building cavern is parallel, is beneficial to and when hole group arranges, evades unfavorable strike and the large principal direction of stress of terrestrial stress.
(5) non-active pond is arranged in reactor building Mass Near The Top of Underground Cavity, can utilize potential energy gravity flow for the water supply of reactor fire-fighting system in nuclear accident situation.Avoid electric system supply failure under accident conditions, the reactor fire-fighting system causing lost efficacy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cavern layout structural representation that a kind of nuclear island cavity group gallery shape is arranged underground nuclear power station.
Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the plant layout structure schematic diagram that a kind of nuclear island cavity group gallery shape is arranged underground nuclear power station.
In figure: reactor building cavern 1, reactor building 1.1, auxiliary plant cavity group 2, electrical building cavern 3, pressure release cavern 4, nuclear auxiliary building cavern 5, safe factory building cavern 6, fuel factory building cavern 7, combination cavern 8, nuclear auxiliary building 51, safe factory building 61, fuel factory building 71, pipeline tunnel 9, equipment conveying tunnel 10, main access tunnel 11, non-active pond 12, main steam valve chamber 13, electrical building 14, pipeline 15, connects tunnel 16, communicating branch tunnel 17.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail, but this embodiment should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
For reduce the adjustment of core process system as far as possible, within the operating technique level of the construction scale that simultaneously makes underground chamber in current underground chamber, the simplest mode of underground nuclear power station construction is that the each factory building of nuclear island in the nuclear power station of existing ground is radially stretched centered by reactor building, each factory building is arranged in different small-sized caverns, thereby presents on the whole the feature being circular layout.So, need to build reactor building cavern, fuel factory building cavern, safe factory building cavern, nuclear auxiliary building cavern, electrical building cavern, connect independently underground chamber such as 6 of factory building caverns etc.Like this in underground hole group excavation, need to arrange three layers, totally 38 construction holes, construction is disturbed large, is unfavorable for cavity group adjoining rock stability.Therefore, be necessary the arrangement form of underground nuclear island cavity group to be optimized, to reduce cavern and a construction hole quantity.
Consider in underground cavern excavation, should make cavern's axis and unfavorable strike and the large principal direction of stress of terrestrial stress be intersect with large-angle as far as possible, be beneficial to Stability of Excavation Surrounding.Therefore, the present invention to the optimum ideals of underground nuclear island cavity group is, the electrical building cavern at fuel factory building cavern and main steam valve chamber place is arranged in parallel in two offsides of reactor building cavern, all the other workshop buildings are in the cavern at fuel factory building or main steam valve chamber place, thus the nuclear island cavity group arrangement form of formation gallery shape.So arrange, cavern's quantity is reduced to 4 by 6, and a construction hole is reduced to 24 by 38, and each cavern axis is parallel, so that nuclear island cavity group is evaded unfavorable strike and the large principal direction of stress of terrestrial stress while arranging.Concrete arrangement form, as described below:
Nuclear island cavity group gallery shape shown in figure is arranged underground nuclear power station, comprise be arranged on underground for the reactor building cavern 1 of placing response heap factory building 1.1, for placing the auxiliary plant cavity group 2 of auxiliary plant, for containing the pressure release cavern 4 of containment vessel inner high voltage gas under accident conditions.Auxiliary plant cavity group comprises combination cavern 2 and electrical building cavern 3.Reactor building cavern 1 is positioned at the middle part of nuclear island cavity group, auxiliary plant cavity group is gallery shape positioned opposite in both sides, wherein combine cavern 2 and be positioned at backer inner side, electrical building cavern 3 is positioned at backer outside, and pressure release cavern 4 is positioned at the middle rock mass region of combination cavern 2 and electrical building cavern 3.
As seen from the figure, fuel factory building 71 is placed in the middle for the interior each factory building in combination cavern 2, and fuel factory building 71 both sides are furnished with respectively safe factory building 61, and the combination interior leftmost side, cavern 2 is furnished with nuclear auxiliary building 51; In electrical building cavern 3, be provided with main steam valve chamber 13 and electrical building 14.Reactor building cavern 1 is cylindrical shape, diameter 46m, high 87m; Combination cavern 2 is gateway opening shape, size 30m × 70.5m × 226m (wide × high × long, lower same); Electrical building cavern 3 is gateway opening shape, size 30m × 60m × 60m; For meeting the requirement of pressure release volume, pressure release cavern 4 is cylindrical shape, diameter 20m, high 42m.
The requirement of hitting for meeting cavern's crown adjoining rock stability and the weapons of system, and through PLASTIC FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS calculating, each Mass Near The Top of Underground Cavity rock mass thickness of reactor building cavern 1 and auxiliary plant cavity group 2 is minimum is 70m, it is 135m that this programme is selected thickness; For meeting Rock Slide Stability requirement between cavern, calculate through PLASTIC FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS, reactor building cavern 1 and the combination 2 spacing L1 of cavern are 50m, and reactor building cavern 1 and the 3 spacing L2 of electrical building cavern are 50m, and reactor building cavern 1 and the 4 spacing L3 of pressure release cavern are 60m.
For meeting the movement requirement of the main equipments such as reactor building 1.1 interior steam generators, there is equipment conveying tunnel 10 apart from the 1 bottom 29m eminence construction of reactor building cavern, sensible earth's surface; Be useful on and arrange the pipeline tunnel 9 of main steam line apart from the 1 bottom 9m eminence construction of reactor building cavern, main steam line coupled reaction heap factory building 1.1 and ground steam turbine factory building, and main steam valve chamber 13 on main steam line is positioned at electrical building cavern 3; For meeting the requirements such as traffic, fire-fighting, ventilation, cable, pipeline, reactor building cavern 1 connects by being connected tunnel 16 with combination cavern 2, electrical building cavern 3, pressure release cavern 4; For meeting the requirements such as traffic, fire-fighting, ventilation, combination cavern 2, Room 3, electrical building hole are all built at least 2 communicating branch holes 17 and are connected with main access tunnel 11, and wherein electrical building is also connected with equipment conveying tunnel 10; Main access tunnel 11 sensible earth's surfaces, two ends, form two gateways with ground.In combination cavern 2, adjacent factory building has shared communicating branch hole 17.
Non-active pond 12 is built on the earth's surface on 1 top, reactor building cavern.Non-active pond 12 is connected with reactor building 1.1 by many pipelines 15, so that chilled water gravity flow enters reactor building under nuclear accident operating mode.
The above is only one embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is also not only confined to above-described embodiment, and all technical schemes belonging under thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. nuclear island cavity group gallery shape is arranged underground nuclear power station, comprise the nuclear island that utilizes nuclear fission energy to produce steam, it is characterized in that: described nuclear island is arranged in underground hole group, in described underground hole group, reactor building cavern (1) for placing response heap factory building (1.1) arranges between two parties, the auxiliary cavity group (2) that is used for placing auxiliary plant, to being on the spot arranged in both sides, reactor building cavern (2), forms gallery structure.
2. nuclear island cavity group gallery shape according to claim 1 is arranged underground nuclear power station, it is characterized in that: described auxiliary cavity group (2) comprises electrical building cavern (3) for placing main steam valve (13) and electrical building (14), for placing the fuel factory building cavern (7) of fuel factory building (71), for the safe factory building cavern (6) of safety equipment factory building (61) is set, for placing the nuclear auxiliary building cavern (5) of nuclear auxiliary building (51).
3. nuclear island cavity group gallery shape according to claim 2 is arranged underground nuclear power station, it is characterized in that: described electrical building cavern (3) and fuel factory building cavern (7) lay respectively at the both sides of gallery.
4. nuclear island cavity group gallery shape according to claim 3 is arranged underground nuclear power station, it is characterized in that: described nuclear auxiliary building cavern (5), safe factory building cavern (6) are with fuel factory building cavern (7) in the same side, and described nuclear auxiliary building cavern (5), safe factory building cavern (6) are same combination cavern (8) with fuel factory building cavern (7).
5. nuclear island cavity group gallery shape according to claim 4 is arranged underground nuclear power station, it is characterized in that: in described combination cavern (8), safety equipment factory building (61) has two, lay respectively at fuel factory building (71) both sides, described nuclear auxiliary building (51) is positioned at the leftmost side or the rightmost side of combination cavern (8).
6. arrange underground nuclear power station according to the nuclear island cavity group gallery shape described in any one in claim 2～5, it is characterized in that: in described electrical building cavern (3), be provided with main steam valve chamber (13) and electrical building (14) for controlling jet chimney folding.
7. arrange underground nuclear power station according to nuclear island cavity group gallery shape described in claim 6, it is characterized in that: what between described reactor building cavern (1) and described auxiliary plant cavity group (2), setting had traffic, pipeline, cable, fire-fighting, a draught effect is connected tunnel (16).
8. arrange underground nuclear power station according to the nuclear island cavity group gallery shape described in claim 7, it is characterized in that: described auxiliary cavity group (2) peripheral disposition has main access tunnel (11), each cavern of described auxiliary cavity group (2) all arranges at least two communicating branch holes (17) and is connected with main access tunnel (11), wherein, all sensible earth's surfaces, described main access tunnel (11) two ends, form two gateways with ground.
9. nuclear island cavity group gallery shape according to claim 8 is arranged underground nuclear power station, it is characterized in that: it also comprises pressure release cavern (4), described pressure release cavern (4) is positioned at main access tunnel (11) inner side and communicates with reactor building cavern (1).
10. arrange underground nuclear power station according to the nuclear island cavity group gallery shape described in claim 7～9 any one, it is characterized in that: described reactor building cavern (1) top rock mass or earth's surface are provided with non-active pond (12), described non-active pond (12) is connected with reactor building (11) by pipeline (15).
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106373626A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Underground nuclear power station main power house buried arrangement design method |
| CN108343449A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-07-31 | 何满潮 | Structural system for underground neutron energy power station |
| CN110600152A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-20 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system and escape method |
| CN111081403A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-04-28 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Layout design method of nuclear power station personnel passing factory building |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106373626A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Underground nuclear power station main power house buried arrangement design method |
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| CN108343449B (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2020-11-13 | 何满潮 | Structural system for underground neutron energy power station |
| CN110600152A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-20 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Symmetric underground nuclear power emergency escape system and escape method |
| CN110600152B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2024-04-12 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Symmetrical underground nuclear power emergency escape system and escape method |
| CN111081403A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-04-28 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Layout design method of nuclear power station personnel passing factory building |
| CN111081403B (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2023-12-22 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Layout design method for personnel passing factory buildings of nuclear power station |
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