CN105427910B - A kind of integrated cooling water source system based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station - Google Patents

A kind of integrated cooling water source system based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station Download PDF

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CN105427910B
CN105427910B CN201510993820.XA CN201510993820A CN105427910B CN 105427910 B CN105427910 B CN 105427910B CN 201510993820 A CN201510993820 A CN 201510993820A CN 105427910 B CN105427910 B CN 105427910B
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cavern
cooling water
reactor
water source
cooling
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CN105427910A (en
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唐涌涛
苏荣福
王帅
苏应斌
肖韵菲
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Nuclear Power Institute of China
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Nuclear Power Institute of China
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21DNUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00Details of nuclear power plant
    • G21D1/02Arrangements of auxiliary equipment
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21CNUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C15/00Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
    • G21C15/18Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of integrated cooling water source systems based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station, including cooling pipeline and cooling water container, the cooling pipeline includes reactor cavern cooling pipeline, containment cooling pipeline and reactor pressure vessel cooling pipeline, the reactor is arranged in the reactor cavern of massif, the cooling water container is the cooling water source cavern being arranged in massif, and the cooling water source cavern is located at the top of reactor cavern.Good economy performance of the present invention, have to the capacity of cooling water enough nargin, anti-seismic performance and external disaster defence capability are strong, hall space can be saved and construction cost, when being easy to implement accident water layer screen effect.

Description

A kind of integrated cooling water source system based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station
Technical field
The present invention relates to pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plants(Factory)Technical field is based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station more particularly to one kind Integrated cooling water source system.
Background technology
Under in the form of China at present energy resource structure based on coal-burning power plant, reduce getting worse haze air pollution and The conflicting requirements of the energy consumption of sustainable growth, to nuclear energy, main force's energy of this generally acknowledged clean and effective proposes urgent strong Expectation.
But Fukushima, Japan nuclear accident has caused the Domino effect that global nuclear power development paces slow down, and is nuclear power development One layer of shade is coverd with.China's Construction of Nuclear Electricity for having been enter into fast traffic lane is also " emergency brake ", particularly inland nuclear power projects quilt General pause.Grave danger of the Nature disaster such as earthquake, tsunami need to be re-recognized and be assessed, nuclear power development will be implemented more High, tightened up safety standard, to improve the ability that nuclear power station resists extreme accident.New nuclear safety planning is formulated in China 《Nuclear safety and radioactive pollution prevention " 12th Five-Year Plan " planning and the year two thousand twenty long-range objectives》(Abbreviation nuclear safety is planned).Wherein emphasize The prevention of nuclear safety and radioactive pollution follow put prevention first, the principle of depth defense;Take the technology and pipe of all reasonables Reason means, it is ensured that the validity of the various defensive measures of nuclear facilities and the integrality of successive barriers prevent nuclear accident, and one Denier occurs to mitigate its consequence during accident.
A kind of nuclear power developing new way with inherent safety, higher public reception is explored, becomes and restarts interior continental nucleus The key of electricity;Thus with reference to Three Gorges water power underground powerhouse project experience, industry proposes a kind of thinking of massif deep embeded type nuclear power station. Being placed in the nuclear island building of nuclear power plant of massif deep cavern has natural firm physical barrier protection, for external natural calamity (Hurricane, tsunami, flood etc.), man-made disaster(The attack of terrorism, weapon attacking etc.)Defence capability be far superior to traditional ground core Power station;The risk of eaerthquake damage is greatly reduced;The retired processing of nuclear power station is also more economical.
Cooling water source needed for usual pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant primary Ioops is stored in material-changing water tank and middle pressure safety injection tank, two times Cooling water source is stored in auxiliary feed-water tank needed for road.To ensure the safety of cooling water source, material-changing water tank, middle pressure safety injection tank, auxiliary Feed-tank is helped to be both designed as safety class equipment, causes the material selection of apparatus body, Structural Design Requirement higher, while to arrangement Also there is particular/special requirement in position from antidetonation angle, and the cooling water inflow that a series of restraining factors cause equipment to store is limited, that is, meets Nuclear power plant accident handles institute's water requirement and suitably provides some nargin.
Invention content
During Practical Project uses for the above-mentioned prior art, to ensure the safety of cooling water source, material-changing water tank, middle pressure peace note Case, auxiliary feed-water tank are both designed as safety class equipment, cause the material selection of apparatus body, Structural Design Requirement higher, simultaneously Also there is particular/special requirement from antidetonation angle to position, the cooling water inflow that a series of restraining factors cause equipment to store is limited Problem, the present invention provides a kind of integrated cooling water source systems based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station.
To solve the above problems, a kind of integrated cooling water source system based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station provided by the invention It is solved the problems, such as by following technical essential:A kind of integrated cooling water source system based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station, including to Reactor provides the cooling pipeline of cooling water and the cooling water container for housing cooling water, and the cooling pipeline includes reactor Cavern's cooling pipeline, containment cooling pipeline and reactor pressure vessel cooling pipeline, the reactor are arranged in massif Reactor cavern in, the cooling water container is the cooling water source cavern being arranged in massif, cooling water source cavern position Containment is provided in the top of reactor cavern, the reactor cavern, reactor cavity is provided in the containment And ring sparger, reactor pressure vessel is provided in the reactor cavity;
The reactor cavern cooling pipeline includes the port of export and arrival end and is located at reactor cavern and cooling water source respectively Passive reactor cavern waterflood path in cavern;
Containment cooling pipeline includes the port of export and arrival end connects the non-of ring sparger and cooling water source cavern respectively Active container spray pipeline;
The reactor pressure vessel cooling pipeline includes passive Reactor cavity flooding pipeline, the passive Reactor cavity flooding pipe The port of export of line is located in the gap of reactor pressure vessel and reactor cavity, and the arrival end of passive Reactor cavity flooding pipeline connects It is connected in cooling water source cavern.
Specifically, Yi Shang structure discloses a kind of cooling water source system of massif deep embeded type nuclear power station, the cooling water source system The special shape that system setting can be different from ground structure according to massif structure is designed, and the shape that cavern is excavated in massif can be used Formula designs the cooling water source of vast capacity, i.e. cooling water source cavern, and the cooling water source cavern is changed compared to traditional use Expect the forms such as water tank, middle pressure safety injection tank, auxiliary feed-water tank, be more than the situation of 10 times of more than tank or more volume in capacity Under, there are apparent manufacture economic advantages.The cooling water source concentration of the vast capacity is stored in massif cavern structure, outside Disaster prevention ability and shock resistance significantly increase, and water source position can form very big height difference with reactor, realize passive Cooling water supply cooling, which cools down pipeline by reactor cavern respectively, containment cools down pipeline and reactor pressure holds Device cooling pipeline provides, and carries out cooling water seal to reactor cavern, containment and reactor pressure vessel respectively.It can not only collect Into the whole waters provided needed for nuclear power plant accident processing, additionally it is possible to flood the hole residing for reactor in extreme accident Room makes reactor be in the immersion of cooling water source and provides the water layer covering for the adequate thickness for preventing radioactivity from leaking, from setting The practical possibility for eliminating a large amount of radioactive substances releases on meter, improve safety in nuclear power station operational process and manufacture, Economy in operational process.
Further technical solution is:
For ease of the cooling to reactor cavern in nuclear power station operational process, as a kind of passive design, the reaction Heap cavern cooling pipeline further includes the passive cooling cycle pipeline in reactor cavern, the passive cooling cycle in reactor cavern Pipeline includes the first tedge and the first down-comer, and the both ends of first tedge and the first down-comer pass through one the respectively One heat exchanger is connected, and two First Heat Exchangers are located in reactor cavern and cooling water source cavern respectively.
For ease of the cooling to containment in nuclear power station operational process, as a kind of passive design, the containment is cold But pipeline further includes the passive cooling cycle pipeline of containment, and the passive cooling cycle pipeline of containment includes second and rises The both ends of pipe and the second down-comer, second tedge and the second down-comer are connected respectively by second heat exchanger, and Two the second heat exchangers are located in containment and cooling water source cavern respectively.
Passive cooling heat exchanger can be used in more than First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger, to be respectively used to reactor hole Room and the passive cooling of containment.
For ease of the cooling to reactor in nuclear power station operational process, as a kind of pressure type of cooling, in favor of reaction The controllability and control accuracy of heap cooling effect are additionally provided with steam generator, the safe workshop cavern in the containment In be provided with auxiliary feed water pump, the arrival end of the auxiliary feed water pump is connected by auxiliary feedwater pipeline with cooling water source cavern, The outlet of auxiliary feed water pump is connected on steam generator, and the port of export of steam generator passes through secondary passive remaining row's circulation pipe Line is connected with cooling water source cavern, and the port of export of secondary passive remaining row's pipeloop is additionally provided with steam-water separator.
For ease of the cooling to containment in nuclear power station operational process, as a kind of pressure type of cooling, in favor of safety The controllability and control accuracy of shell cooling effect, the containment cooling pipeline further include peace jet pipe line, peace note pipeline, safety injection pump With peace spray pump, the arrival end of the peace spray pump and safety injection pump is respectively by pacifying jet pipe line and peace note pipeline and cooling water source cavern phase Even, the port of export for pacifying spray pump is connected on ring sparger, and the port of export of safety injection pump is connected on reactor pressure vessel suction line.
The for the benefit of cleaning of the leakage performance of cooling water source cavern and guarantee cooling water, the wall of the cooling water source cavern Liner is also configured on face.The preferred stainless steel plate of more than liner, i.e. liner form the stainless steel clad can of cooling water source cavern.
A kind of bottom of cooling water source cavern that is suitable as pressure difference and being common in natural feature and reactor cavern height Difference setting, the bottom of the cooling water source cavern and the overhead height difference of reactor cavern are between 50-80m.
The for the benefit of watertightness of this system is additionally provided with use on the arrival end of the passive reactor cavern waterflood path In the gate of water seal.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) the cooling water source cavern that this programme provides, due to being excavated in massif, equal or similar be manufactured into Under this, capacity is up to more than 10 times of the material-changing water tank of traditional ground nuclear power station, auxiliary feed-water tank and safety injection tank volume summation, just In enough low-temperature receivers needed for offer reply nuclear power plant accident, and with enough nargin;
2) this programme provide cooling water source storage cavern in, since it is excavated in massif, anti-seismic performance and External disaster defence capability is stronger;
3) this programme can be integrated into active and passive safety system and provide vast capacity cooling water source, it is alternative traditionally The large size water storage safety class equipment such as material-changing water tank, auxiliary feed-water tank and safety injection tank of face nuclear power station, can save hall space and build Cause this;
4)Quick intake tunnel of the cooling water source storage cavern that this programme provides between reactor cavern, in nuclear power plant Containment can be flooded as needed to the passive rapid water filling in reactor cavern in the case of accident, due to the screen effect of water layer, It can effectively prevent radioactive substance largely to Environment release.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is specific real for a kind of integrated cooling water source system based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station one of the present invention Apply a scheme of installation.
Figure acceptance of the bid, which is remembered, is respectively:1st, massif, 2, safe workshop cavern, 3, peace spray pump, 4, auxiliary feed water pump, 5, reactor hole Room, 6, reactor pressure vessel, 7, reactor cavity, 8, steam generator, the 9, second heat exchanger, 10, containment it is passive cold But pipeloop, 11, secondary passive remaining row's pipeloop, 12, water supply pipe, 13, liner, 14, gate, 15, cooling water source hole Room, 16, passive Reactor cavity flooding pipeline, 17, passive reactor cavern waterflood path, 18, containment, 19, ring sparger, 20, Auxiliary feedwater pipeline, 21, peace jet pipe line, 22, passive containment spray pipe, 23, the passive cooling cycle in reactor cavern Pipeline, 24, First Heat Exchanger, 25, steam-water separator, 26, safety injection pump, 27, peace note pipeline.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of integrated cooling water source system based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station, for solving:It is existing The practical safety to ensure cooling water source of technology, material-changing water tank, middle pressure safety injection tank, auxiliary feed-water tank are both designed as safety level and set It is standby, cause the material selection of apparatus body, Structural Design Requirement higher, while also have special want from antidetonation angle to position Ask, a series of restraining factors cause equipment store cooling water inflow it is limited the problem of.It is reachable by system provided by the invention To following technique effect:Good economy performance has enough nargin, anti-seismic performance and external disaster defence capability to the capacity of cooling water The screen effect of water layer when hall space and construction cost by force, can be saved, being easy to implement accident.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited only to following implementation Example:
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of integrated cooling water source system based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station, including being provided to reactor The cooling pipeline of cooling water and the cooling water container for housing cooling water, the cooling pipeline include reactor cavern cooling tube Line, containment cooling pipeline and reactor pressure vessel cooling pipeline, the reactor are arranged in the reactor hole of massif 1 In room 5, the cooling water container is the cooling water source cavern 15 being arranged in massif 1, and the cooling water source cavern 15 is located at anti- The top of Ying Dui caverns 5 is provided with containment 18 in the reactor cavern 5, reactor is provided in the containment 18 Chamber 7 and ring sparger 19 are provided with reactor pressure vessel 6 in the reactor cavity 7;
The reactor cavern cooling pipeline includes the port of export and arrival end and is located at reactor cavern 5 and cooling water source respectively Passive reactor cavern waterflood path 17 in cavern 15;
The containment cooling pipeline includes the port of export and arrival end connects ring sparger 19 and cooling water source cavern 15 respectively Passive containment spray pipe 22;
The reactor pressure vessel cooling pipeline includes passive Reactor cavity flooding pipeline 16, the passive Reactor cavity flooding The port of export of pipeline 16 is located in the gap of reactor pressure vessel 6 and reactor cavity 7, passive Reactor cavity flooding pipeline 16 Arrival end is connected in cooling water source cavern 15.
In the present embodiment, the factors such as cavern's stability in massif 1 are fully considered, design diameter is less than 50m, and height is less than 30m Cylindrical shape water storage hole as cooling water source cavern 15, in practical operation, diameter 25m presses in cooling water source cavern 15, and height 20m is dug It digs, capacity 39250m3, this relative to traditional ground nuclear power station large-scale water storage apparatus-material-changing water tank, assist to More than 10 times of the volume sum of water tank and safety injection tank, and behind this water piii reactor cavern 5, can also flood reactor cavern 5, to height enough, to cope with the extreme accident that 18 integrality of containment is destroyed, prevent a large amount of radioactive substances to big compression ring Border discharges.In addition, in the present embodiment, due to having enough cooling water water sources, the containment 18 uses steel containment vessel, can So that it is completely sunk in the water, the long-term heat conduction of reactor is maintained to cool down.To make full use of cooling water source cavern 15, this implementation In example, the Spent Fuel Pool moisturizing of nuclear power generating sets and cooling pipeline are also connected in cooling water source cavern 15, while spentnuclear fuel water Pond is located at the lower section of cooling water source cavern 15, to realize passive moisturizing of the cooling water source cavern 15 to Spent Fuel Pool.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment is further qualified on the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1, for ease of utilizing the cooling of setting Water source cavern 15 has the characteristics that larger reservoir storage, for the cooling in nuclear reactor normal course of operation, for ease of described Reactor cavern cooling pipeline further includes the passive cooling cycle pipeline 23 in reactor cavern, and the reactor cavern is passive cold But pipeloop 23 includes the first tedge and the first down-comer, and the both ends of first tedge and the first down-comer lead to respectively It crosses a First Heat Exchanger 24 to be connected, and two First Heat Exchangers 24 are located at reactor cavern 5 and cooling water source cavern 15 respectively In.
The containment cooling pipeline further includes the passive cooling cycle pipeline 10 of containment, and the containment is passive cold But pipeloop 10 includes the second tedge and the second down-comer, and the both ends of second tedge and the second down-comer lead to respectively It crosses second heat exchanger 9 to be connected, and two the second heat exchangers 9 are located in containment 18 and cooling water source cavern 15 respectively.
Steam generator 8 is additionally provided in the containment 18, auxiliary feed water pump is provided in the safe workshop cavern 2 4, the arrival end of the auxiliary feed water pump 4 is connected by auxiliary feedwater pipeline 20 with cooling water source cavern 15, auxiliary feed water pump 4 Outlet is connected on steam generator 8, and the port of export of steam generator 8 passes through secondary passive remaining row's pipeloop 11 and cooling Water source cavern 15 is connected, and the port of export of secondary passive remaining row's pipeloop 11 is additionally provided with steam-water separator 25.
The containment cooling pipeline further includes peace jet pipe line 21, peace note pipeline 27, safety injection pump 26 and peace spray pump 3, described The arrival end of peace spray pump 3 and safety injection pump 26 is connected respectively by pacifying jet pipe line 21 and peace note pipeline 27 with cooling water source cavern 15, The port of export of peace spray pump 3 is connected on ring sparger 19, and the port of export of safety injection pump 26 is connected to 6 suction line of reactor pressure vessel On.
Liner 13 is also configured on the wall surface of the cooling water source cavern 15.
The bottom of the cooling water source cavern 15 and the overhead height difference of reactor cavern 5 are between 50-80m.
The gate 14 for water seal is additionally provided on the arrival end of the passive reactor cavern waterflood path 17.
In the present embodiment, safe workshop cavern 2 is additionally provided in massif 1, the safe workshop cavern 2 is used as safe factory Room uses, for accommodating peace spray pump 3, safety injection pump 26 and auxiliary feed water pump 4 etc..
The water supply pipe 12 that outlet is located in cooling water source cavern 15 is further included, the water supply pipe 12 is to cooling water source cavern 15 It is controlled by the floating ball being arranged on 15 liquid level of cooling water source cavern.
The above content is combine specific preferred embodiment to the further description of the invention made, it is impossible to assert this The specific embodiment of invention is confined to these explanations.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, The other embodiment obtained in the case where not departing from technical scheme of the present invention, should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of integrated cooling water source system based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station, the cooling including providing cooling water to reactor Pipeline and the cooling water container for housing cooling water, it is cold that the cooling pipeline includes reactor cavern cooling pipeline, containment But pipeline and reactor pressure vessel cooling pipeline, which is characterized in that the reactor is arranged in massif(1)Reactor Cavern(5)In, the cooling water container is is arranged on massif(1)In cooling water source cavern(15), the cooling water source cavern (15)Positioned at reactor cavern(5)Top, the reactor cavern(5)In be provided with containment(18), the containment (18)In be provided with reactor cavity(7)And ring sparger(19), the reactor cavity(7)In be provided with reactor pressure vessel (6);
The reactor cavern cooling pipeline includes the port of export and arrival end and is located at reactor cavern respectively(5)With cooling water source hole Room(15)In passive reactor cavern waterflood path(17);
The containment cooling pipeline includes the port of export and arrival end connects ring sparger respectively(19)With cooling water source cavern(15) Passive containment spray pipe(22);
The reactor pressure vessel cooling pipeline includes passive Reactor cavity flooding pipeline(16), the passive Reactor cavity flooding pipe Line(16)The port of export be located at reactor pressure vessel(6)With reactor cavity(7)Gap in, passive Reactor cavity flooding pipeline (16)Arrival end be connected to cooling water source cavern(15)In;
The containment(18)Inside it is additionally provided with steam generator(8), in massif(1)In be additionally provided with safe workshop cavern(2), The safe workshop cavern(2)In be provided with auxiliary feed water pump(4), the auxiliary feed water pump(4)Arrival end by auxiliary give Water pipeline(20)With cooling water source cavern(15)It is connected, auxiliary feed water pump(4)Outlet be connected to steam generator(8)On, it steams Vapour generator(8)The port of export pass through secondary passive remaining row's pipeloop(11)With cooling water source cavern(15)It is connected, and two Secondary passive remaining row's pipeloop(11)The port of export be additionally provided with steam-water separator(25);
The cooling water source cavern(15)Wall surface on be also configured to liner(13).
2. a kind of integrated cooling water source system based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station according to claim 1, feature exist In the reactor cavern cooling pipeline further includes the passive cooling cycle pipeline in reactor cavern(23), the reactor hole The passive cooling cycle pipeline in room(23)Including the first tedge and the first down-comer, first tedge and the first down-comer Both ends pass through a First Heat Exchanger respectively(24)It is connected, and two First Heat Exchangers(24)It is located at reactor cavern respectively (5)With cooling water source cavern(15)In.
3. a kind of integrated cooling water source system based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station according to claim 1, feature exist In the containment cooling pipeline further includes the passive cooling cycle pipeline of containment(10), the passive cooling of containment Pipeloop(10)Including the second tedge and the second down-comer, the both ends of second tedge and the second down-comer lead to respectively Cross second heat exchanger(9)It is connected, and two the second heat exchangers(9)It is located at containment respectively(18)With cooling water source cavern (15)It is interior.
4. a kind of integrated cooling water source system based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station according to claim 1, feature exist In the containment cooling pipeline further includes peace jet pipe line(21), peace note pipeline(27), safety injection pump(26)With peace spray pump(3), institute State peace spray pump(3)And safety injection pump(26)Arrival end respectively by pacifying jet pipe line(21)Pipeline is noted with peace(27)With cooling water source hole Room(15)It is connected, pacifies spray pump(3)The port of export be connected to ring sparger(19)On, safety injection pump(26)The port of export be connected to reactor Pressure vessel(6)On suction line.
5. a kind of integrated cooling water source system based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station according to claim 1, feature exist In the cooling water source cavern(15)Bottom and reactor cavern(5)Overhead height difference between 50-80m.
6. a kind of integrated cooling water source system based on massif deep embeded type nuclear power station according to claim 1, feature exist In the passive reactor cavern waterflood path(17)Arrival end on be additionally provided with gate for water seal(14).
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