CN110591715A

CN110591715A - Preparation method and acidity improvement method of acidity improver for saline-alkali soil

Info

Publication number: CN110591715A
Application number: CN201910892468.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘联仓; 曾江华
Original assignee: Shenzhen Haiyuan Energy Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Haiyuan Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-20
Filing date: 2019-09-20
Publication date: 2019-12-20

Abstract

A preparation method of an acidic modifier for saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps: adopting vegetables or fruits as a fermentation main material, and crushing the fermentation main material; adding the crushed organic matter material to form a first fermentation material combination material, and adjusting the water content to be more than 90%; adding cane molasses and zymophyte to form a second fermentation product combined material, and putting the second fermentation product combined material into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank is provided with a heat preservation, heating and stirring device, and the depth of the fermentation tank is 800-1500 mm; placing the second fermented substance combined material in a fermentation box for fermentation for seven to ten days, and preserving heat and stirring in the fermentation process; continuing fermenting for five days, and stopping stirring in the fermentation process; after the fermentation is finished, extracting the solution in the fermentation tank to obtain the acid modifier. According to the method for improving the acidity of the saline-alkali soil, disclosed by the invention, the organic acid liquid acidity modifier is used for replacing a large amount of clear water to cause water resource waste, and the saline-alkali soil can be suddenly and effectively improved so as to be suitable for plant growth.

Description

Preparation method and acidity improvement method of acidity improver for saline-alkali soil

Technical Field

The invention relates to a soil pH value adjusting process, in particular to a preparation method of an acid modifier for saline-alkali soil and an acid modifying method.

Background

Due to the fact that the saline-alkali soil is rich in various sodium, magnesium and potassium chlorides or sulfate compounds and sodium carbonate, the pH value of the soil is high, the general pH value of severe saline-alkali soil can be as high as more than 8, even more than 9, and the acid-base environment of plant roots is extremely difficult to adapt, so that the saline-alkali soil is difficult to survive and grow. The general soil improvement is realized by spraying a large amount of water, digging an alkali discharge ditch, and dissolving soluble substances of the saline alkali in liquid by the dissolving action of the water, and then seeping out of the soil and taking away the soluble substances to achieve the aim of dilution.

Although the spraying water can dissolve and drain the saline and alkaline substances in the soil, the saline and alkaline substances in the deep soil can be dissolved and float to the surface soil after infiltration. Such circulation, particularly rainfall, will dissolve the salt in the deep soil and even in the ground water and bring it to the surface soil each time. Causing soil saltpetering (salt and alkali crystals formed after evaporation of surface water, usually white)

The existing method for removing salt and alkali is difficult to effectively solve the problem of salt and alkali, and only dilution is needed, so that the following problems can be caused:

1. a large amount of fresh water is wasted due to dilution and becomes salt-alkali water;

2. the saline-alkali water can seep down along the alkali discharge ditch, and a large amount of saline-alkali water seeps into the deep layer of the soil again to participate in circulation again.

3. A large amount of fresh water is dissolved and washed, so that the loss of organic matters is serious, the soil is poor, and the organic matters are lacked.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method and an acid improvement method of an acid modifier for saline-alkali soil, which can suddenly and effectively improve the saline-alkali soil and enable the saline-alkali soil to be suitable for plant growth.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

a preparation method of an acidic modifier for saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:

step one, adopting vegetables or fruits as a fermentation main material, and crushing the fermentation main material;

adding the crushed organic matter material to form a first fermentation material combination material, and adjusting the water content to be more than 90%;

adding cane molasses and zymophyte to form a second fermentation product combined material, and filling the second fermentation product combined material into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank is provided with a heat preservation, heating and stirring device, and the depth of the fermentation tank is 800-1500 mm;

step four, placing the second ferment combined material in the fermentation box for fermentation for seven to ten days, and preserving heat and stirring in the fermentation process;

step five, continuing to ferment for five days, and stopping stirring in the fermentation process;

and step six, after fermentation is finished, extracting the solution in the fermentation tank to obtain the acid modifier.

The method for improving the acidity of the saline-alkali soil, which adopts the acidity improving agent to improve the acidity of the soil, comprises the following main steps:

leveling the soil ground, using the acidic modifier to flood-irrigate the dry soil ground, turning over the soil after application, leveling and retaining water, and standing the soil for more than three months to enable the pH value of the soil to reach 4.5-5.

From the above description, it is clear that the present invention has the following advantages:

1. the waste of water resources caused by replacing a large amount of clear water with the organic acid liquid acid modifying agent.

2. Solves the problem that the clean water of a large amount of spray pipes dissolves and runs off organic matters in soil, which causes poor plant growth.

3. The energy consumption in the fermentation process is low, and the cost can be controlled.

4. Is beneficial to mechanized operation, better controls the application than solid fertilizer, and can realize accurate application.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the steps of a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing the acidic improver for saline-alkali soil of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a detailed flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing the acidic modifier for saline-alkali soil of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention utilizes the principle of acid-base neutralization and prepares the soil acidity improver of the inspection land through the microbial fermentation effect, and the soil acidity improver is used for improving the environment of the saline-alkali land for plant production.

In a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing an acidic modifier for saline-alkali soil, please refer to fig. 1, the method for preparing an acidic modifier for saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:

s101, adopting vegetables or fruits as a fermentation main material, and crushing the fermentation main material;

s102, adding the crushed organic matter material to form a first fermentation material combination material, and adjusting the water content to be more than 90%;

s103, adding cane molasses and zymophyte to form a second fermentation product combined material, and putting the second fermentation product combined material into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank is provided with a heat preservation, heating and stirring device, and the depth of the fermentation tank is 800-1500 mm;

s104, placing the second fermented substance combined material in the fermentation box for fermentation for seven to ten days, and preserving heat and stirring in the fermentation process;

and (3) fermenting for 7-10 days, wherein organic matters are quickly decomposed in the time period, the strains can be quickly propagated due to the addition of the acidic strains and the nutrient substances in the early stage and the temperature regulation, the fermented materials can quickly enter an acidification period, the concentration of the organic matters is not high due to the water regulation, the final pH value can be reduced to be 3.5 at the minimum, and the pH value can be increased to about 4.5 after the fermentation time is up. The organic matter decomposition degree can reach 60-70.

S105, continuing to ferment for five days, and stopping stirring in the fermentation process;

the fermentation process belongs to intermittent stirring: mainly preventing organic matter particles from precipitating. The standing process is a deepened anaerobic decomposition stage, a small amount of anaerobic gas such as ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide, methane and hydrogen gas is generated, and the reaction of the system is not influenced.

And S106, after the fermentation is finished, extracting the solution in the fermentation tank to obtain the acid modifier.

The acid modifier obtained after fermentation can generally reach the organic matter content: 7-8%; the water content is more than or equal to 90 percent; the Ph value is as follows: 4.5-5.0; types of microorganisms: acetic acid bacteria, lactic acid bacteria; the content of microorganisms: greater than or equal to 5 hundred million/ml.

Preferably, the fermentation box is insulated in a water bath heating mode. The heating heat source can be two kinds, one is solar energy, P06 (the main heating mode in daytime, the electricity price in daytime is higher, the solar energy is the main), the electricity price at night is lower, the fermentation temperature is maintained between 35-40 ℃ by using electric heating assistance (of course, other heat sources can be used, such as hot water or hot steam), and the fermentation can be promoted. The fermentation box body can be in any shape and is not the key point of the scheme, but the depth of the liquid is required to be between 800-1500mm, enough depth must be ensured, meanwhile, the depth is not too deep, and the subsequent stirring oxygen dissolving effect is not good. The fermenting case itself takes certain heat preservation certainly, and in order to the energy saving, fermenting case simple structure possesses certain volume, above-mentioned high-speed stirring rake of installation, heating facility, heat preservation facility and necessary access door mouth, flowing back and feed liquor and reinforced facility can.

In the method for preparing the acidic improver for saline-alkali soil according to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the main fermentation material is waste of vegetables or fruits, and the waste of vegetables or fruits is subjected to impurity removal treatment; the main fermentation material is mainly fruit or vegetable waste, and cannot be polluted by industrial waste and harmful solid waste, such as batteries, paint and the like. Can be a mixture or a pure vegetable or fruit, and has little influence on the fermentation result. The pure fruit is better, and the sugar content is higher. The impurity removing process is mainly used for reducing the influence of irrelevant substances on fermentation and material purity, mainly comprises the materials such as snake skin bags, plastic bags, inorganic masonry and the like, and also is used for protecting crushing equipment.

The organic matter material is a pressed dry material of food waste; the size of the fermentation main material and the organic matter material after being crushed is less than or equal to 10 mm; the organic matter content of the first fermentation combined material is 8-10%. The pulverization is performed to improve the fermentation effect, and generally, the pulverization particle size is required to be as fine as possible, but if the pulverization particle size is too fine, the energy consumption is increased, and it is generally recommended to be 4 to 8mm, although it is not necessary to be slightly larger or smaller, and it is recommended to be 10mm or less.

Because the water content and the organic matters need to be adjusted at the same time, and the pressed catering organic garbage (adjusted organic matters) is added, the water content and the organic matters are binary variable functions, namely the water content meets the requirement, the organic matters meet the requirement, and the organic matter content is about 8-10%. The main purpose is to stably perform the later fermentation and avoid the violent change of the fermentation caused by the violent change of the organic load.

In the method for preparing the acidity improver for saline-alkali soil, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, different cane molasses adding amounts are set according to different components of the fermentation main material, so that the subsequent fermentation process is stably carried out. When the fermentation main materials are vegetables, the addition amount of the cane molasses is 10 kg/ton to 15 kg/ton; when the main fermentation materials are fruits, the addition amount of the cane molasses is 3 kg/ton to 5 kg/ton. The cane molasses is added in order to inoculate fermentation strains and increase sugar, and the sugar is supplemented in order to ensure the nutrient substance requirement of early stage of lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid, so that the lactic acid bacteria and the acetic acid can be rapidly propagated. If the fruit waste is more, the sugar content can be properly less.

In the method for preparing the acidity improver for saline-alkali soil, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the fermentation bacteria are a mixture of lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria, and the ratio of the fermentation bacteria to the acetic acid bacteria is 1: 2; the addition amount is 5 kg/ton to 8 kg/ton (fresh weight of strain).

In the above method for preparing the acidity improver for saline-alkali soil, in a preferred embodiment, step three of S013 includes adding industrial acetic acid crystals to adjust Ph to 6.3 to 6.5. The addition amount is calculated according to the weight of the liquid, and after the liquid is completely dissolved, the pH value is only about 6.3-6.5, mainly for providing a proper environment for acetic acid bacteria. If the pH value of the fermentation material is reached, the pH value is not added.

In the above method for preparing the acidity improver for saline-alkali soil, in a preferred embodiment, the step three of S013 includes adding the mixture of monopotassium phosphate and urea in a ratio of 1:3 to 1:5, wherein the addition amount is 2% to 3% of the second fermentation composition. Supplementing trace elements therein and providing sufficient nitrogen elements.

A method for improving the acidity of saline-alkali soil, which is characterized in that the acidity improving agent of any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for improving the acidity of the soil, and comprises the following main steps:

8. The method for improving the acidity of a saline-alkali soil according to claim 7, wherein when the pH value of the soil is greater than or equal to 9, the application amount of the acidity modifier is 200 to 210 cubic meters per mu, the acidity modifier is released once every month, the soil is turned over after being applied for one or two days, the turning depth is between 150 and 200 mm, and the soil is left to stand for more than half a year;

when the pH value of the soil is between 8 and 9, the application amount of the acidic modifier is between 140 cubic meters per mu and 150 cubic meters per mu, the acidic modifier is released once every month, the soil is turned over after being applied for one or two days, the turning depth is between 150 millimeters and 200 millimeters, and the soil is kept still for more than half a year;

when the pH value of the soil is between 5 and 8, the application amount of the acid modifying agent is between 60 and 80 cubic meters per mu, the acid modifying agent is released every half month, the soil is turned slightly after the acid modifying agent is applied for 10 to 12 hours, and the soil is kept still for more than three months.

In the three cases, the dosage is different, the application is slightly different, but the standing is basically the same, and the first case and the second case have larger dosages and must be kept for a longer time, so that the organic matters can be guaranteed to be decomposed in the soil, and meanwhile, the acidic substances can neutralize the alkaline environment of the soil. Ensuring the suitability of soil environment during final sowing.

In the method for improving the acidity of the saline-alkali soil, a pouring groove is dug after the main step, and the acidity improving agent and the water are mixed in a ratio of 1:9 and poured into the pouring groove. After standing is completed and seeding is carried out on the soil (under three conditions), 20 cubic meters of the acid modifying agent is dissolved in 180 cubic meters of water and mixed for irrigation, the concentration value is about 10 percent, and direct irrigation of root systems is avoided. Preferably, a pouring channel is provided along which pouring takes place.

In the long-term growth process of the later-period plants, sudden saline-alkali rising still exists, at the moment, a dropper is periodically adopted, the concentration of the acid modifying agent contained in liquid of the dropper is about 5%, and the acid modifying agent is not suitable for being sprayed on plant pages. A dropper should be placed beside the root system.

The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The preparation method of the acidic modifier for saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for preparing the acidic improver for the saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation main material is waste of vegetables or fruits, and the waste of the vegetables or the fruits is subjected to impurity removal treatment; the organic matter material is a pressed dry material of food waste; the size of the fermentation main material and the organic matter material after being crushed is less than or equal to 10 mm; the organic matter content of the first fermentation combined material is 8-10%.

3. The method for preparing an acidity improver for saline-alkali soil according to claim 2, wherein when the fermentation main materials are all vegetables, the addition amount of the cane molasses is 10 kg/ton to 15 kg/ton; when the main fermentation materials are fruits, the addition amount of the cane molasses is 3 kg/ton to 5 kg/ton.

4. The method for preparing an acidity improver for saline-alkali soil according to claim 3, wherein the fermentation tubes are a mixture of lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria in a ratio of 1: 2; the amount added is from 5 kg/ton to 8 kg/ton.

5. The method for preparing the acidic improver for the saline-alkali soil according to claim 4, wherein the third step comprises adding industrial acetic acid crystals and adjusting the pH value to be between 6.3 and 6.5.

6. The method for preparing an acid improver for saline-alkali soil according to claim 5, wherein the third step comprises adding a mixture of monopotassium phosphate and urea in a ratio of 1:3 to 1:5, wherein the addition amount of the mixture is 2% to 3% of the second fermentation composition.

7. A method for improving the acidity of saline-alkali soil, which is characterized in that the acidity improving agent of any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for improving the acidity of the soil, and comprises the following main steps:

9. The method for improving the acidity of a saline-alkali soil according to claim 8, wherein the main step is followed by digging a watering trench, and the acidity improving agent and water are mixed in a ratio of 1:9 and poured into the watering trench.