CN110554513A - optical fiber array device for debugging grating compressor and debugging method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于调试超短激光脉冲光栅压缩器的光纤阵列装置及其调试方法，沿光路方向该装置由钛宝石飞秒激光器，光纤耦合器，光纤偏振控制器，光纤波分复用器，光纤偏振测量仪，光纤光谱仪，光纤功率计组合，保偏光纤分束器，保偏光纤环形器组合，保偏光纤准直器组合，直角分束棱镜组合，角锥组合和待调试光栅压缩器组成。本发明构建正交性阵列型激光束组，组合多功能光纤器件后监测待调试光栅压缩器光栅对平行度和通过光谱特征，为压缩光栅多维高精度调试提供判据，保证了大口径光栅压缩器的性能，结构新颖，操作简单，支撑超短激光脉冲光栅压缩器及相关技术研究。
A fiber array device for debugging an ultrashort laser pulse grating compressor and its debugging method. Along the optical path, the device consists of a Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser, a fiber coupler, a fiber polarization controller, a fiber wavelength division multiplexer, and an optical fiber Polarization measuring instrument, fiber optic spectrometer, fiber optic power meter combination, polarization maintaining fiber beam splitter, polarization maintaining fiber circulator combination, polarization maintaining fiber collimator combination, right angle beam splitting prism combination, corner cone combination and grating compressor to be debugged . The invention constructs an orthogonal array type laser beam group, and monitors the parallelism of the grating compressor grating pair to be debugged and the characteristics of the passing spectrum after combining multifunctional optical fiber devices, so as to provide a criterion for the multi-dimensional high-precision debugging of the compressed grating and ensure the compression of the large-aperture grating The performance of the device, the structure is novel, the operation is simple, and it supports the research of the ultrashort laser pulse grating compressor and related technologies.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及光栅压缩器调试装置和方法，特别是一种用于调试超短激光脉冲光栅压缩器的光纤阵列装置及其调试方法。The invention relates to a grating compressor debugging device and method, in particular to an optical fiber array device and a debugging method for debugging an ultrashort laser pulse grating compressor.
背景技术Background technique
超短超强激光技术是国际上激光领域上的研究热点之一。1985年提出啁啾脉冲放大(Chirped Pulse Amplification，CPA)技术产生飞秒脉冲后，超短超强激光技术则得到了进一步突破性进展。目前超短超强激光的发展已经进入拍瓦(PW)，聚焦功率密度达到1022W/cm2量级，且正在朝更高的目标迈进，有望突破10PW，进入艾瓦级别。达到这样的峰值功率和聚焦功率密度的超短超强激光能在实验室中创造出前所未有的极端环境，它能产生包括超高能量密度、超强电磁场和超短时间尺度等在内的综合性极端物理条件，为激光聚变、等离子体物理、天体物理、以及核医学等领域在实验室条件下提供新的研究手段。超短超强激光通常是指激光脉冲宽度在皮秒(ps，10-12s)以下，或飞秒(fs，10-15s)量级，激光功率在太瓦(TW，1012W)以上，或拍瓦量级。美国、英国、欧洲、俄罗斯、日本和中国等国家都先后在该领域的研究项目中取得了显著成果。Ultra-short and ultra-intense laser technology is one of the research hotspots in the field of lasers in the world. After the Chirped Pulse Amplification (CPA) technology was proposed in 1985 to generate femtosecond pulses, the ultra-short and ultra-intense laser technology has made further breakthroughs. At present, the development of ultra-short and ultra-intense lasers has entered petawatts (PW), and the focused power density has reached the order of 10 22 W/cm 2 , and is moving towards a higher goal, which is expected to break through 10PW and enter the exawatt level. Ultra-short and ultra-intense lasers with such peak power and focused power density can create an unprecedented extreme environment in the laboratory, which can produce comprehensive results including ultra-high energy density, ultra-strong electromagnetic field and ultra-short time scale. Extreme physical conditions provide new research methods under laboratory conditions for the fields of laser fusion, plasma physics, astrophysics, and nuclear medicine. Ultrashort ultra-intense laser usually refers to the laser pulse width below picosecond (ps, 10 -12 s), or femtosecond (fs, 10 -15 s) level, and the laser power is in terawatt (TW, 10 12 W) Above, or petawatt level. Countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe, Russia, Japan, and China have successively achieved remarkable results in research projects in this field.
为达到高峰值功率要求，超短超强激光光源在激光系统中输运过程中需要经过脉冲展宽，脉冲放大，脉冲压缩和脉冲聚焦四个物理过程，其中脉冲压缩依靠大口径光栅压缩器完成。当超短超强激光光源传输至光栅压缩器时，为避免元件损伤，光束口径通常达到百毫米后注入，因此光栅压缩器性能及其多维高精度调试是超短超强激光系统重要研究内容和技术难点之一。In order to meet the high peak power requirements, the ultrashort and ultra-intense laser source needs to go through four physical processes of pulse stretching, pulse amplification, pulse compression and pulse focusing during the transportation process in the laser system, and the pulse compression is completed by a large-aperture grating compressor. When the ultra-short and ultra-intensive laser source is transmitted to the grating compressor, in order to avoid component damage, the beam diameter usually reaches 100 mm before injection. Therefore, the performance of the grating compressor and its multi-dimensional high-precision adjustment are important research contents of the ultra-short and ultra-intense laser system. One of the technical difficulties.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足，提出一种适用于调试超短激光脉冲光栅压缩器的光纤阵列装置及其调试方法。该装置由钛宝石飞秒激光器，光纤耦合器，光纤偏振控制器，光纤波分复用器，光纤偏振测量仪，光纤光谱仪，保偏光纤分束器，保偏光纤环形器组合，保偏光纤准直器组合，光纤功率计组合，直角分束棱镜组合，角锥组合和待调试光栅压缩器组成。装置中飞秒激光器输出光束经光纤耦合器，光纤偏振控制器和光纤波分复用器后输出三种单色线偏振激光光源。激光光束经保偏光纤准直器组合后构建特定阵列型激光束组，激光束组经角锥逆向反射并耦合入射保偏光纤环形器，光纤功率计监测对应保偏光纤环形器输出端光强判定光栅对平行度，光纤光谱仪检测宽带光谱光源通过特征，进而完成待调试光栅压缩器的精密调试。The object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and propose an optical fiber array device and a debugging method suitable for debugging an ultrashort laser pulse grating compressor. The device consists of titanium sapphire femtosecond laser, fiber coupler, fiber polarization controller, fiber wavelength division multiplexer, fiber polarization measuring instrument, fiber optic spectrometer, polarization maintaining fiber beam splitter, polarization maintaining fiber circulator combination, polarization maintaining fiber It consists of a collimator combination, a fiber optic power meter combination, a right-angle beam splitting prism combination, a pyramid combination and a grating compressor to be debugged. The output beam of the femtosecond laser in the device outputs three monochromatic linearly polarized laser sources after passing through the fiber coupler, the fiber polarization controller and the fiber wavelength division multiplexer. The laser beams are combined by the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator to construct a specific array laser beam group. The laser beam group is retroreflected by the pyramid and coupled into the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator. The fiber power meter monitors the light intensity at the output end of the corresponding polarization-maintaining fiber circulator. To determine the parallelism of the grating pair, the fiber optic spectrometer detects the passing characteristics of the broadband spectral light source, and then completes the precise debugging of the grating compressor to be debugged.
本发明的技术解决方案如下：Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
一种用于调试超短激光脉冲光栅压缩器的光纤阵列装置，其特点在于，包括钛宝石飞秒激光器、光纤耦合器、光纤偏振控制器、光纤波分复用器、偏振测量仪、光纤光谱仪、保偏光纤分束器、保偏光纤环形器组合、保偏光纤准直器组合、光纤功率计组合、直角分束棱镜组合和角锥组合；A fiber array device for debugging an ultrashort laser pulse grating compressor, which is characterized in that it includes a titanium sapphire femtosecond laser, a fiber coupler, a fiber polarization controller, a fiber wavelength division multiplexer, a polarization measuring instrument, and a fiber optic spectrometer , polarization maintaining fiber beam splitter, polarization maintaining fiber circulator combination, polarization maintaining fiber collimator combination, fiber optic power meter combination, right angle beam splitting prism combination and corner cone combination;
所述的钛宝石飞秒激光器与啁啾激光脉冲放大激光光源相一致，输出光束经衰减后耦合进入所述的光纤耦合器；The titanium sapphire femtosecond laser is consistent with the chirped laser pulse amplified laser light source, and the output beam is coupled into the fiber coupler after being attenuated;
所述的保偏光纤环形器组合由四个相同类型保偏光纤环形器组成，依次命名为第一保偏光纤环形器、第二保偏光纤环形器、第三保偏光纤环形器和第四保偏光纤环形器；The polarization-maintaining fiber circulator combination is composed of four polarization-maintaining fiber circulators of the same type, named in turn as the first polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, the second polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, the third polarization-maintaining fiber circulator and the fourth Polarization maintaining fiber optic circulator;
所述的保偏光纤准直器组合由四个同类型的保偏光纤准直器组成，依次命名为第一保偏光纤准直器、第二保偏光纤准直器、第三保偏光纤准直器、第四保偏光纤准直器，其中任选三个保偏光纤准直器放置呈正三角形，另一保偏光纤准直器位于该正三角形的中心处，四个保偏光纤准直器输出后构建阵列型激光束组并可选择正三角形边长参数满足在啁啾激光脉冲放大激光光源口径方位内达到最大面积；The polarization-maintaining fiber collimator combination is composed of four polarization-maintaining fiber collimators of the same type, which are successively named as the first polarization-maintaining fiber collimator, the second polarization-maintaining fiber collimator, and the third polarization-maintaining fiber collimator. Collimator, the fourth polarization-maintaining fiber collimator, wherein optional three polarization-maintaining fiber collimators are placed in an equilateral triangle, the other polarization-maintaining fiber collimator is located at the center of the After the output of the straightener, the array laser beam group is constructed and the side length parameters of the regular triangle can be selected to meet the maximum area within the chirped laser pulse amplified laser source aperture orientation;
所述的光纤功率计组合由四个相同规格的光纤功率计组成，分别命名为第一光纤功率计、第二光纤功率计、第三光纤功率计和第四光纤功率计；The fiber optic power meter combination is composed of four fiber optic power meters of the same specification, which are respectively named as the first fiber optic power meter, the second fiber optic power meter, the third fiber optic power meter and the fourth fiber optic power meter;
所述的直角分束棱镜组合由第一套直角分束棱镜、第二套直角分束棱镜和第三套直角分束棱镜组成，每套直角分束棱镜均由四个同类型的直角分束棱镜构成；The right angle beam splitting prism combination is composed of the first set of right angle beam splitting prisms, the second set of right angle beam splitting prisms and the third set of right angle beam splitting prisms, and each set of right angle beam splitting prisms is composed of four same type of right angle beam splitting prism composition;
所述的角锥组合由第一角锥组合、第二角锥组合、第三角锥组合组成，每套角锥组合均由四个同类型的角锥构成；The pyramid combination is made up of the first pyramid combination, the second pyramid combination, and the third pyramid combination, and each set of pyramid combinations is composed of four pyramids of the same type;
所述的钛宝石飞秒激光器输出光束入射所述的光纤耦合器，该光纤耦合器的输出端通过保偏光纤依次与所述的光纤偏振控制器、光纤波分复用器和保偏光纤分束器的入射端相连，该保偏光纤分束器将入射光分成五束输出，其中第一至第四输出端输出光束光强相同且占较大比重，第五输出端输出光束光强较弱；The output beam of the titanium sapphire femtosecond laser is incident on the fiber coupler, and the output end of the fiber coupler is sequentially separated from the fiber polarization controller, the fiber wavelength division multiplexer and the polarization maintaining fiber through the polarization maintaining fiber. The incident end of the beam splitter is connected to the incident light. The polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter divides the incident light into five beams for output, of which the output beams from the first to fourth output ends have the same light intensity and account for a larger proportion, and the output beam light intensity of the fifth output end is higher. weak;
所述的光纤波分复用将入射激光分成三种单色激光光源输出，G端输出钛宝石飞秒激光器中心波长单色激光光源，R端输出大于中心波长单色激光光源，B端输出小于中心波长的单色激光光源；The optical fiber wavelength division multiplexing divides the incident laser light into three kinds of monochromatic laser light sources for output, the output of the G terminal is a monochromatic laser light source of the central wavelength of the Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser, the output of the R terminal is greater than the central wavelength of the monochromatic laser light source, and the output of the B terminal is less than Monochromatic laser light source with central wavelength;
所述的保偏光纤分束器的第一输出端与所述的第一保偏光纤环形器的第一端口相连，该第一保偏光纤环形器的第二端口与所述的第一光纤准直器的输入端相连，该第一保偏光纤环形器的第三输出端口与所述的第一光纤功率计相连，以此类似，所述的保偏光纤分束器的第二至第四输出端分别与所述的第二至第四保偏光纤环形器的第一端口相连，第二至第四保偏光纤环形器的第二端口与所述的第二至第四光纤准直器的输入端相连，第二至第四保偏光纤环形器的第三端口与所述的第二至第四光纤功率计相连，所述的保偏光纤分束器的第五输出端分别与所述的偏振测量仪和光纤光谱仪相连；The first output end of the polarization-maintaining fiber splitter is connected to the first port of the first polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, and the second port of the first polarization-maintaining fiber circulator is connected to the first optical fiber The input end of the collimator is connected, and the third output port of the first polarization-maintaining optical fiber circulator is connected with the first optical fiber power meter, similarly, the second to the second of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter The four output ports are respectively connected to the first ports of the second to fourth polarization-maintaining fiber circulators, and the second ports of the second to fourth polarization-maintaining fiber circulators are collimated with the second to fourth optical fibers connected to the input end of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber circulator, the third ports of the second to fourth polarization-maintaining optical fiber circulators are connected to the second to fourth optical fiber power meters, and the fifth output ends of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter are respectively connected to Described polarimeter is connected with fiber optic spectrometer;
所述的保偏光纤准直器组合输出阵列激光束分别一一对应入射至所述的第一套直角分束棱镜中四块直角分束棱镜，该第一套直角分束棱镜将四束入射光均分为正交分布的四束第一反射光和四束第一透射光，其中，四束第一反射光透射经过所述的第二套直角分束棱镜后入射到所述的第一角锥组合，四束第一透射光入射经所述的第三套直角分束棱镜后将四束入射光再次均分为正交分布的四束第二反射光和四束第二透射光，该四束第二反射光入射到所述的第二角锥组合，四束第二透射光入射到第三角锥组合；The combined output array laser beams of the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator are incident to the four right-angle beam-splitting prisms in the first set of right-angle beam-splitting prisms one by one, and the first set of right-angle beam-splitting prisms will incident the four beams The light is equally divided into four beams of first reflected light and four beams of first transmitted light which are orthogonally distributed, wherein the four beams of first reflected light are transmitted through the second set of right-angle beam splitting prisms and then incident on the first Combination of pyramids, the four beams of first transmitted light are incident on the third set of right-angle beam splitting prisms, and the four beams of incident light are equally divided into four beams of second reflected light and four beams of second transmitted light that are orthogonally distributed, The four beams of second reflected light are incident on the second pyramid combination, and the four second transmitted lights are incident on the third pyramid combination;
所述的第一角锥组合、第二角锥组合和第三角锥组合分别将入射光束沿原光路逆向反射，经所述的直角分束棱镜组合和所述的保偏光纤准直器组合后分别一一对应入射到保偏光纤环形器组合中第一保偏光纤环形器第二端口、第二保偏光纤环形器第二端口、第三保偏光纤环形器第二端口和第四保偏光纤环形器第二端口。逆向反射光束由第一保偏光纤环形器第三端口输出，通过与之相连的第一光纤功率计测量光强；以此类似，逆向反射光束由第二至第四保偏光纤环形器第三端口输出，通过与之相连的第二至第四光纤功率计测量光强。The first pyramid combination, the second pyramid combination and the third pyramid combination respectively retroreflect the incident beam along the original optical path, and after the combination of the right-angle beam splitting prism and the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator Respectively one-to-one corresponding to the second port of the first polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, the second port of the second polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, the second port of the third polarization-maintaining fiber circulator and the fourth polarization-maintaining fiber circulator The second port of the fiber optic circulator. The retroreflected beam is output from the third port of the first polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, and the light intensity is measured by the first fiber optic power meter connected to it; similarly, the retroreflected beam is output by the third port of the second to fourth polarization-maintaining fiber circulator The output port is used to measure the light intensity through the second to fourth fiber optic power meters connected thereto.
所述的保偏光纤准直器组合放置在调整台上，调整台具备多维度整体调节功能，并可多维度单独调节每个保偏光纤准直器。The polarization-maintaining fiber collimator combination is placed on the adjustment table, and the adjustment table has a multi-dimensional overall adjustment function, and can individually adjust each polarization-maintaining fiber collimator in multiple dimensions.
另一方面，本发明还提供了一种调试超短激光脉冲光栅压缩器的方法，包括如下步骤：On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for debugging an ultrashort laser pulse grating compressor, comprising the following steps:
步骤1.将光纤波分复用器G端接入保偏光纤分束器输入端，选取钛宝石飞秒激光器中心波长单色激光光源；Step 1. Connect the G end of the fiber optic wavelength division multiplexer to the input end of the polarization maintaining fiber beam splitter, and select the center wavelength monochromatic laser source of the titanium sapphire femtosecond laser;
步骤2.调节调整台，使其中一个保偏光纤准直器的输出光束与啁啾激光脉冲放大系统输出激光共光轴，命名为第四保偏光纤准直器，以该第四保偏光纤准直器为中心，排布另外三个保偏光纤准直器，使这三个保偏光纤准直器构成正三角形，使四个保偏光纤准直器的输出光束构成阵列型激光束组；Step 2. Adjust the adjustment table so that the output beam of one of the polarization-maintaining fiber collimators is on the same optical axis as the output laser of the chirped laser pulse amplification system, named the fourth polarization-maintaining fiber collimator, and the fourth polarization-maintaining fiber The collimator is the center, and the other three polarization-maintaining fiber collimators are arranged so that these three polarization-maintaining fiber collimators form an equilateral triangle, so that the output beams of the four polarization-maintaining fiber collimators form an array laser beam group ;
步骤3.将待调试光栅压缩器的四块光栅(G1，G2，G3，G4)分别安装固定至各自的多维精密调节机械调整架上，其中第一光栅G1和第二光栅G2构成第一组光栅对，第三光栅G3和第四光栅G4构成第二组光栅对，第一光栅G1与第二光栅G2互相平行，且第一光栅G1与第二光栅G2的间距满足光栅压缩器的设计要求，第三光栅G3与第四光栅G4互相平行，且第三光栅G3与第四光栅G4的间距满足光栅压缩器的设计要求；Step 3. Install and fix the four gratings (G1, G2, G3, G4) of the grating compressor to be debugged on their respective multi-dimensional precision adjustment mechanical adjustment frames, wherein the first grating G1 and the second grating G2 constitute the first group The grating pair, the third grating G3 and the fourth grating G4 form the second grating pair, the first grating G1 and the second grating G2 are parallel to each other, and the distance between the first grating G1 and the second grating G2 meets the design requirements of the grating compressor , the third grating G3 and the fourth grating G4 are parallel to each other, and the distance between the third grating G3 and the fourth grating G4 meets the design requirements of the grating compressor;
步骤4.绕自身光轴分别旋转保偏光纤准直器组合中四个光纤准直器输出端，使其各自输出光束偏振方向与光栅压缩器的线偏振光源一致；所述的偏振控制器、偏振测量仪与保偏光纤准直器组合阵列型激光束组三者之间建立偏振一致对应关系；Step 4. Rotate the output ends of the four fiber collimators in the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator combination respectively around their own optical axis, so that the polarization direction of their respective output beams is consistent with the linearly polarized light source of the grating compressor; the polarization controller, Establish a consistent polarization correspondence between the polarization measuring instrument and the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator combined array laser beam group;
步骤5.调试光路中所述的直角分束棱镜组合和角锥组合，光纤功率计组合测量逆向反射并耦合至保偏光纤环形器组合第三端口输出激光光束功率，分别记录并组成光强测量数组，即在初始状态下，完成钛宝石飞秒激光器中心波长单色激光光源逆向光束光强标定；Step 5. Adjust the right-angle beam splitter prism combination and the pyramid combination described in the optical path, and the fiber optic power meter combination measures the retroreflection and couples to the third port of the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator combination to output the laser beam power, respectively records and forms the light intensity measurement Array, that is, in the initial state, complete the reverse beam intensity calibration of the central wavelength monochromatic laser source of the Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser;
步骤6.将光纤波分复用器R端接入保偏光纤分束器输入端，选取钛宝石飞秒激光器大于中心波长单色激光光源，与步骤5操作相同，完成钛宝石飞秒激光器大于中心波长激光光源逆向光束光强测量和光强数组标定；Step 6. Connect the R end of the fiber wavelength division multiplexer to the input end of the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter, select the Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser source greater than the central wavelength monochromatic laser source, and perform the same operation as Step 5 to complete the Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser greater than Central wavelength laser light source reverse beam light intensity measurement and light intensity array calibration;
步骤7.将光纤波分复用器B端接入保偏光纤分束器输入端，选取钛宝石飞秒激光器小于中心波长单色激光光源，与步骤5操作相同，完成钛宝石飞秒激光器小于中心波长激光光源逆向光束光强测量和光强数组标定；Step 7. Connect the B end of the optical fiber wavelength division multiplexer to the input end of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter, select the Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser source smaller than the central wavelength monochromatic laser source, and perform the same operation as Step 5, and complete the Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser less than Central wavelength laser light source reverse beam light intensity measurement and light intensity array calibration;
步骤8.再次将光纤波分复用器G端接入保偏光纤分束器输入端,将光栅压缩器中第一组光栅对移入保偏光纤准直器组合输出的阵列型激光束组光路，使第一光栅G1中心与第四保偏光纤准直器的输出光束重合，将第一光栅G1绕中心轴旋转至第一光栅G1的入射角，锁定第一光栅G1空间姿态，阵列型激光束组经第一光栅G1后沿相同衍射角方向传输入射到第二光栅G2，移动第二光栅G2，使该第二光栅G2中心与第四保偏光纤准直器输出光束重合；Step 8. Connect the G end of the fiber wavelength division multiplexer to the input end of the polarization maintaining fiber beam splitter again, and move the first group of grating pairs in the grating compressor into the array laser beam group output of the polarization maintaining fiber collimator combination , make the center of the first grating G1 coincide with the output beam of the fourth polarization-maintaining fiber collimator, rotate the first grating G1 around the central axis to the incident angle of the first grating G1, and lock the spatial attitude of the first grating G1, the array laser After passing through the first grating G1, the beam group is transmitted to the second grating G2 along the same diffraction angle direction, and the second grating G2 is moved so that the center of the second grating G2 coincides with the output beam of the fourth polarization-maintaining fiber collimator;
步骤9.精细调试第二光栅G2姿态，当经角锥组逆向反射四束光束经保偏光纤环形器组合第三端口输出光束强度与步骤5中标定的光强数组相匹配时，第二光栅G2完成调试并完成锁定；Step 9. Fine-tune the posture of the second grating G2. When the four beams retroreflected by the pyramid group pass through the third port of the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator and the output beam intensity matches the light intensity array calibrated in step 5, the second grating G2 completes debugging and completes locking;
步骤10.以保偏光纤准直器出射光束经直角分束棱镜组反射后垂直光束为中心对称轴对称放置第二组光栅对，保偏光纤准直器输出光束入射至第三光栅G3中心和第四光栅G4中心，精细调试第三光栅G3和第四光栅G4姿态，当经角锥组和角锥组反射折返两组光束经保偏光纤环形器组合第三端口输出光束强度与步骤5标定的光强相匹配时，第三光栅G3和第四光栅G4完成调试并锁定；Step 10. Take the output beam of the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator and reflect the vertical beam after being reflected by the right-angle beam-splitting prism group to place the second group of grating pairs symmetrically and axisymmetrically. The output beam of the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator is incident on the center of the third grating G3 and At the center of the fourth grating G4, finely adjust the attitude of the third grating G3 and the fourth grating G4. When the two groups of beams are reflected and returned by the pyramid group and the pyramid group, the output beam intensity of the third port combined with the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator is calibrated with step 5. When the light intensity matches the third grating G3 and the fourth grating G4 complete debugging and lock;
步骤11.将光纤波分复用器R端接入保偏光纤分束器输入端，沿垂直于第二光栅G2衍射光束方向移动直角分束棱镜组，使得光纤阵列激光束组垂直入射直角分束棱镜组侧面，即可实现入射光源经角锥组合后逆向反射，记录经保偏光纤环形器组合第三端口光强数组与步骤6标定的光强相匹配时，完成评估光栅压缩器通过钛宝石飞秒激光器大于中心波长激光光源谱宽；Step 11. Connect the R end of the fiber wavelength division multiplexer to the input end of the polarization maintaining fiber beam splitter, and move the right-angle beam-splitting prism group along the direction perpendicular to the diffracted beam of the second grating G2, so that the fiber array laser beam group is perpendicular to the right-angle splitter The side of the beam prism group can realize the retroreflection of the incident light source after being combined with the pyramid, and when the light intensity array at the third port of the combination of the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator matches the light intensity calibrated in step 6, the evaluation of the grating compressor is completed through titanium The spectral width of gem femtosecond laser is larger than that of central wavelength laser source;
步骤12.将光纤波分复用器B端接入保偏光纤分束器输入端，沿垂直于第二光栅G2衍射光束方向移动直角分束棱镜组，使得光纤阵列激光束组垂直入射直角分束棱镜组即可实现入射光源经角锥组合后逆向反射，记录经保偏光纤环形器组合第三端口光强数组与步骤7标定的光强相匹配时，完成评估光栅压缩器通过钛宝石飞秒激光器小于中心波长激光光源谱宽；Step 12. Connect the B end of the fiber wavelength division multiplexer to the input end of the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter, and move the right-angle beam-splitting prism group along the direction perpendicular to the diffracted beam of the second grating G2, so that the fiber array laser beam group is perpendicular to the right-angle splitter The beam prism group can realize the retroreflection of the incident light source after being combined with the pyramid, and when the light intensity array at the third port of the combination of the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator matches the light intensity calibrated in step 7, the evaluation of the grating compressor is completed through the titanium sapphire fly The second laser is smaller than the spectral width of the central wavelength laser source;
步骤13.通过对比保偏光纤环形器组合第三输出端光强数组即可判定光栅压缩器两组光栅对(G1和G2，G3和G4)的光栅面的平行度，并评估光栅压缩器通过钛宝石飞秒激光器宽带光源的谱宽特征；Step 13. The parallelism of the grating planes of the two grating pairs (G1 and G2, G3 and G4) of the grating compressor can be determined by comparing the light intensity array at the third output end of the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator, and the pass of the grating compressor can be evaluated. Spectral width characteristics of Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser broadband source;
步骤14.调试完成后锁定所有多维光栅调节架，撤出保偏光纤准直器组合、直角分束棱镜组合和角锥组合完成光栅压缩器的调试。Step 14. After debugging, lock all the multi-dimensional grating adjustment brackets, withdraw the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator combination, right-angle beam splitter prism combination and corner cone combination to complete the debugging of the grating compressor.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1)利用保偏光纤准直器构成正三角形构成阵列型激光束组，激光束组在光束口径尽可能占最大面积且具备特定的空间正交性结构，同时组合保偏光纤环形器、保偏光纤准直器、直角分束棱镜、角锥和光纤功率计实时监控光栅压缩器光栅两位方向平行度；1) Use the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator to form a regular triangle to form an array-type laser beam group. The laser beam group occupies the largest area in the beam aperture and has a specific spatial orthogonal structure. Fiber collimator, right-angle beam splitting prism, corner cone and fiber optic power meter monitor the parallelism of the two directions of the grating compressor in real time;
3)利用飞秒激光器输出光束经光纤耦合器，光纤偏振控制器和光纤波分复用器后输出三种单色线偏振激光光源，可供逐一选择用以评估光栅压缩器通过激光光源光谱特征；3) The output beam of the femtosecond laser passes through the fiber coupler, the fiber polarization controller and the fiber wavelength division multiplexer to output three kinds of monochromatic linearly polarized laser sources, which can be selected one by one to evaluate the spectral characteristics of the grating compressor through the laser source ;
3)装置整体结构新颖，操作简单，具备同时监测光栅对平行度和光谱特征，为压缩光栅多维高精度调试提供判据，支撑超短激光脉冲光栅压缩器及相关技术研究。3) The overall structure of the device is novel, easy to operate, capable of simultaneously monitoring the parallelism and spectral characteristics of the grating pair, providing criteria for multi-dimensional high-precision debugging of compressed gratings, and supporting research on ultrashort laser pulse grating compressors and related technologies.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是调试超短激光脉冲光栅压缩器前光纤阵列装置器件排布图Figure 1 is the device layout of the fiber array device before debugging the ultrashort laser pulse grating compressor
图2是调试超短激光脉冲光栅压缩器后光纤阵列装置器件排布图Figure 2 is the layout of the fiber array device after debugging the ultrashort laser pulse grating compressor
图3是光纤准直器输出阵列激光束组排布图Figure 3 is the layout of the fiber collimator output array laser beam group
图4是保偏光纤环形器组合和光纤功率计组合排布图Figure 4 is the arrangement diagram of the combination of polarization maintaining fiber circulator and fiber optic power meter
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但不应以此限制本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto.
请参阅图1，如图所示，一种用于调试超短激光脉冲光栅压缩器的光纤阵列装置，包括钛宝石飞秒激光器1、光纤耦合器2、光纤偏振控制器3、光纤波分复用器4、偏振测量仪5、光纤光谱仪6、保偏光纤分束器7、保偏光纤环形器组合8、保偏光纤准直器组合9、光纤功率计组合10，直角分束棱镜组合11和角锥组合12；Please refer to Figure 1, as shown in the figure, a fiber array device for debugging ultrashort laser pulse grating compressor, including Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser 1, fiber coupler 2, fiber polarization controller 3, fiber wavelength division multiplexing 4, polarization measuring instrument 5, fiber optic spectrometer 6, polarization maintaining fiber beam splitter 7, polarization maintaining fiber circulator combination 8, polarization maintaining fiber collimator combination 9, fiber optic power meter combination 10, right angle beam splitting prism combination 11 Combination with pyramid 12;
所述的钛宝石飞秒激光器1与啁啾激光脉冲放大激光光源相一致，输出光束经衰减后耦合进入所述的光纤耦合器2，钛宝石飞秒激光器输出脉冲宽度10fs，中心波长808nm，光谱宽度90nm～100nm(FWHM)，重复频率75MHz，经衰减后耦合进入光纤耦合器功率20mW；；The titanium sapphire femtosecond laser 1 is consistent with the chirped laser pulse amplified laser source, the output beam is coupled into the fiber coupler 2 after attenuation, the output pulse width of the titanium sapphire femtosecond laser is 10fs, the center wavelength is 808nm, and the spectrum The width is 90nm～100nm (FWHM), the repetition frequency is 75MHz, and the power coupled into the fiber coupler after attenuation is 20mW;
所述的保偏光纤环形器组合8由四个相同类型保偏光纤环形器(铭创光电MCPCIR系列)组成，依次命名为第一保偏光纤环形器81、第二保偏光纤环形器82、第三保偏光纤环形器83和第四保偏光纤环形器84；The polarization-maintaining fiber circulator combination 8 is composed of four polarization-maintaining fiber circulators (Mactron MCPCIR series) of the same type, named as the first polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 81, the second polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 82, A third polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 83 and a fourth polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 84;
所述的保偏光纤准直器组合9由四个同类型的保偏光纤准直器(Thorlabs PAF2A-A10B)组成，依次命名为第一保偏光纤准直器91、第二保偏光纤准直器92、第三保偏光纤准直器93、第四保偏光纤准直器94，其中任选三个保偏光纤准直器放置呈正三角形，另一保偏光纤准直器位于该正三角形的中心处，四个保偏光纤准直器输出后构建阵列型激光束组并可选择正三角形边长参数满足在啁啾激光脉冲放大激光光源口径方位内达到最大面积，光纤准直器输出光束口径Ф10mm，正三角形激光束组边长242.5mm，尽可能最大面积分布在入射光栅压缩器光束口径区域290mm╳290mm；The described polarization-maintaining fiber collimator combination 9 is made up of four polarization-maintaining fiber collimators (Thorlabs PAF2A-A10B) of the same type, named in turn as the first polarization-maintaining fiber collimator 91, the second polarization-maintaining fiber collimator, and the second polarization-maintaining fiber collimator. 92, the third polarization-maintaining fiber collimator 93, and the fourth polarization-maintaining fiber collimator 94, wherein any three polarization-maintaining fiber collimators are placed in an equilateral triangle, and the other polarization-maintaining fiber collimator is located at the At the center of the triangle, four polarization-maintaining fiber collimators are output to construct an array laser beam group, and the side length parameters of the equilateral triangle can be selected to meet the maximum area within the chirped laser pulse amplification laser source aperture orientation, and the output of the fiber collimator The beam aperture is Ф10mm, the side length of the equilateral triangle laser beam group is 242.5mm, and the largest possible area is distributed in the incident grating compressor beam aperture area 290mm╳290mm;
所述的光纤功率计组合10由四个相同规格的光纤功率计(Thorlabs PM20A)组成，分别命名为第一光纤功率计101、第二光纤功率计102、第三光纤功率计103和第四光纤功率计104；The fiber optic power meter combination 10 is composed of four fiber optic power meters (Thorlabs PM20A) of the same specification, respectively named as the first fiber optic power meter 101, the second fiber optic power meter 102, the third fiber optic power meter 103 and the fourth fiber optic power meter power meter 104;
所述的直角分束棱镜组合11由第一套直角分束棱镜111、第二套直角分束棱镜112和第三套直角分束棱镜113组成，每套直角分束棱镜均由四个同类型的直角分束棱镜(Thorlabs BS014)构成；The right-angle beam-splitting prism combination 11 is made up of a first set of right-angle beam-splitting prisms 111, a second set of right-angle beam-splitting prisms 112 and a third set of right-angle beam-splitting prisms 113, and each set of right-angle beam-splitting prisms is composed of four same-type Composed of right angle beam splitting prism (Thorlabs BS014);
所述的角锥组合12由第一角锥组合121、第二角锥组合122、第三角锥组合123组成，每套角锥组合均由四个同类型的角锥(Thorlabs PS975-A)构成；The pyramid combination 12 is made up of the first pyramid combination 121, the second pyramid combination 122, and the third pyramid combination 123, and each set of pyramid combination is composed of four pyramids (Thorlabs PS975-A) of the same type ;
所述的钛宝石飞秒激光器1输出光束入射所述的光纤耦合器2，该光纤耦合器2的输出端通过保偏光纤依次与所述的光纤偏振控制器3、光纤波分复用器4和保偏光纤分束器7的入射端相连，该保偏光纤分束器7将入射光分成五束输出，其中第一至第四输出端输出光束光强相同且占较大比重，第五输出端输出光束光强较弱；The output beam of the titanium sapphire femtosecond laser 1 is incident on the fiber coupler 2, and the output end of the fiber coupler 2 is sequentially connected with the fiber polarization controller 3 and the fiber wavelength division multiplexer 4 through a polarization-maintaining fiber. It is connected to the incident end of the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 7. The polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 7 divides the incident light into five beams for output, wherein the output beams from the first to fourth output ports have the same light intensity and account for a larger proportion, and the fifth The light intensity of the output beam at the output end is weak;
所述的光纤波分复用4将入射激光分成三种单色激光光源输出，G端输出钛宝石飞秒激光器中心波长单色激光光源，R端输出大于中心波长单色激光光源，B端输出小于中心波长的单色激光光源，G端输出钛宝石飞秒激光器中心波长808±0.5nm单色激光光源，R端输出830±0.5nm单色激光光源，B端输出780nm±0.5nm单色激光光源。实施中，G端输出光强10mW，R端输出光强4mW，B端输出光强4mW；The optical fiber wavelength division multiplexing 4 divides the incident laser into three kinds of monochromatic laser light sources for output, the G terminal outputs a monochromatic laser light source with a central wavelength of a Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser, the R terminal outputs a monochromatic laser light source greater than the central wavelength, and the B terminal outputs Monochromatic laser light source less than the central wavelength, G terminal output titanium sapphire femtosecond laser central wavelength 808±0.5nm monochromatic laser source, R terminal output 830±0.5nm monochromatic laser source, B terminal output 780nm±0.5nm monochromatic laser light source. During the implementation, the output light intensity of the G terminal is 10mW, the output light intensity of the R terminal is 4mW, and the output light intensity of the B terminal is 4mW;
所述的保偏光纤分束器7的第一输出端与所述的第一保偏光纤环形器81的第一端口相连，该第一保偏光纤环形器81的第二端口与所述的第一光纤准直器91的输入端相连，该第一保偏光纤环形器81的第三输出端口与所述的第一光纤功率计101相连，以此类似，所述的保偏光纤分束器7的第二至第四输出端分别与所述的第二至第四保偏光纤环形器82,83,84的第一端口相连，第二至第四保偏光纤环形器82,83,84的第二端口与所述的第二至第四光纤准直器92,93,94的输入端相连，第二至第四保偏光纤环形器82,83,84的第三端口与所述的第二至第四光纤功率计102,103,104相连，所述的保偏光纤分束器7的第五输出端分别与所述的偏振测量仪5(ThorlabsPAX1000IR1/M)和光纤光谱仪6(OCEAN-HDX-VIS-NIR)相连；The first output end of the polarization-maintaining fiber splitter 7 is connected to the first port of the first polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 81, and the second port of the first polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 81 is connected to the first port of the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 81. The input end of the first fiber collimator 91 is connected, and the third output port of the first polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 81 is connected with the first optical fiber power meter 101, similar to this, the polarization-maintaining fiber splitting The second to fourth output ends of the device 7 are respectively connected to the first ports of the second to fourth polarization-maintaining optical fiber circulators 82,83,84, and the second to fourth polarization-maintaining optical fiber circulators 82,83, The second port of 84 is connected to the input ends of the second to fourth fiber collimators 92,93,94, and the third port of the second to fourth polarization-maintaining fiber circulators 82,83,84 is connected to the The second to fourth fiber optic power meters 102, 103, 104 are connected, and the fifth output end of the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 7 is respectively connected to the polarization measuring instrument 5 (ThorlabsPAX1000IR1/M) and the fiber optic spectrometer 6 (OCEAN-HDX- VIS-NIR) connected;
所述的保偏光纤准直器组合9输出阵列激光束分别一一对应入射至所述的第一套直角分束棱镜111中四块直角分束棱镜，该第一套直角分束棱镜111将四束入射光均分为正交分布的四束第一反射光和四束第一透射光，其中，四束第一反射光透射经过所述的第二套直角分束棱镜112后入射到所述的第一角锥组合121，四束第一透射光入射经所述的第三套直角分束棱镜113后将四束入射光再次均分为正交分布的四束第二反射光和四束第二透射光，该四束第二反射光入射到所述的第二角锥组合122，四束第二透射光入射到第三角锥组合123；The output array laser beams of the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator combination 9 are respectively incident on the four right-angle beam-splitting prisms in the first set of right-angle beam-splitting prisms 111 one by one, and the first set of right-angle beam-splitting prisms 111 will The four beams of incident light are equally divided into four beams of first reflected light and four beams of first transmitted light which are orthogonally distributed, wherein the four beams of first reflected light are transmitted through the second set of right-angle beam splitting prisms 112 and then enter the set The first pyramid combination 121 described above, the four beams of first transmitted light are incident through the third set of right-angle beam splitting prism 113, and the four beams of incident light are equally divided into four beams of second reflected light and four beams of orthogonal distribution. A beam of second transmitted light, the four beams of second reflected light are incident on the second pyramid combination 122, and the four beams of second transmitted light are incident on the third pyramid combination 123;
所述的第一角锥组合121、第二角锥组合122和第三角锥组合123分别将入射光束沿原光路逆向反射，经所述的直角分束棱镜组合11和所述的保偏光纤准直器组合9后分别一一对应入射到保偏光纤环形器组合(8)中第一保偏光纤环形器81第二端口、第二保偏光纤环形器82第二端口、第三保偏光纤环形器83第二端口和第四保偏光纤环形器84第二端口。逆向反射光束由第一保偏光纤环形器81第三端口输出，通过与之相连的第一光纤功率计101测量光强；以此类似，逆向反射光束由第二至第四保偏光纤环形器82，83，84第三端口输出，通过与之相连的第二至第四光纤功率计102，103，104测量光强。The first pyramid combination 121, the second pyramid combination 122 and the third pyramid combination 123 respectively retroreflect the incident light beam along the original optical path, and pass through the right-angle beam splitting prism combination 11 and the polarization-maintaining optical fiber collimator. After the straightener combination 9, they are incident to the second port of the first polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 81, the second port of the second polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 82, and the third polarization-maintaining fiber The second port of the circulator 83 and the second port of the fourth polarization-maintaining optical fiber circulator 84 . The retroreflected beam is output by the third port of the first polarization-maintaining optical fiber circulator 81, and the light intensity is measured by the first optical fiber power meter 101 connected thereto; similarly, the retroreflected beam is output by the second to the fourth polarization-maintaining optical fiber circulator 82, 83, 84 output from the third port, and measure the light intensity through the second to fourth optical fiber power meters 102, 103, 104 connected thereto.
所述的保偏光纤准直器组合放置在调整台上，调整台具备多维度整体调节功能，并可多维度单独调节每个保偏光纤准直器。The polarization-maintaining fiber collimator combination is placed on the adjustment table, and the adjustment table has a multi-dimensional overall adjustment function, and can individually adjust each polarization-maintaining fiber collimator in multiple dimensions.
另一方面，本发明还提供了一种调试超短激光脉冲光栅压缩器的方法，包括如下步骤：On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for debugging an ultrashort laser pulse grating compressor, comprising the following steps:
步骤1.将光纤波分复用器4的G端接入保偏光纤分束器7输入端，选取钛宝石飞秒激光器中心波长单色激光光源；Step 1. Connect the G end of the optical fiber wavelength division multiplexer 4 to the input end of the polarization maintaining optical fiber beam splitter 7, and select the center wavelength monochromatic laser source of the Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser;
步骤2.调节调整台，使其中一个保偏光纤准直器的输出光束与啁啾激光脉冲放大系统输出激光共光轴，命名为第四保偏光纤准直器(94)，以该第四保偏光纤准直器(94)为中心，排布另外三个保偏光纤准直器，使这三个保偏光纤准直器构成正三角形，使四个保偏光纤准直器的输出光束构成阵列型激光束组；Step 2. adjust the adjustment table so that the output beam of one of the polarization-maintaining fiber collimators and the output laser of the chirped laser pulse amplification system have a common optical axis, and are named the fourth polarization-maintaining fiber collimator (94). The polarization-maintaining fiber collimator (94) is the center, and three other polarization-maintaining fiber collimators are arranged so that these three polarization-maintaining fiber collimators form an equilateral triangle, so that the output beams of the four polarization-maintaining fiber collimators Constitute an array type laser beam group;
步骤3.将待调试光栅压缩器13的四块光栅G1，G2，G3，G4分别安装固定至各自的多维精密调节机械调整架上，其中第一光栅G1和第二光栅G2构成第一组光栅对，第三光栅G3和第四光栅G4构成第二组光栅对，第一光栅G1与第二光栅G2互相平行，且第一光栅G1与第二光栅G2的间距满足光栅压缩器13的设计要求，第三光栅G3与第四光栅G4互相平行，且第三光栅G3与第四光栅G4，的间距满足光栅压缩器13的设计要求，光栅压缩器13入射水平线偏振光源，光栅压缩器技术参数如下：Step 3. Install and fix the four gratings G1, G2, G3, and G4 of the grating compressor 13 to be debugged on their respective multi-dimensional precision adjustment mechanical adjustment frames, wherein the first grating G1 and the second grating G2 constitute the first group of gratings Yes, the third grating G3 and the fourth grating G4 constitute the second group of grating pairs, the first grating G1 and the second grating G2 are parallel to each other, and the distance between the first grating G1 and the second grating G2 meets the design requirements of the grating compressor 13 , the third grating G3 and the fourth grating G4 are parallel to each other, and the distance between the third grating G3 and the fourth grating G4 meets the design requirements of the grating compressor 13, the grating compressor 13 incident horizontal linearly polarized light source, the technical parameters of the grating compressor are as follows :
a)中心波长：808nma) Central wavelength: 808nm
b)啁啾率：-21.3ps/nmb) Chirp rate: -21.3ps/nm
c)输出脉冲宽度：30fsc) Output pulse width: 30fs
d)光栅刻线：1740线/mm的镀金光栅d) Grating line: 1740 lines/mm gold-plated grating
e)入射角：56度e) Angle of incidence: 56 degrees
f)入射光束口径：290mm×290mmf) Incident beam diameter: 290mm×290mm
g)光谱的半高全宽：32nmg) full width at half maximum of the spectrum: 32nm
h)光栅对中心斜距离：872mmh) Oblique distance between grating and center: 872mm
i)光栅压缩器透过率:72％i) Transmittance of grating compressor: 72%
j)单光栅衍射效率：92％j) Single grating diffraction efficiency: 92%
步骤4.绕自身光轴分别旋转保偏光纤准直器组合9中四个光纤准直器91，92，93，94输出端，使其各自输出光束偏振方向与光栅压缩器13的线偏振光源一致；所述的偏振控制器3、偏振测量仪5与保偏光纤准直器组合9阵列型激光束组三者之间建立水平线偏振一致对应关系；Step 4. Rotate the output ports of the four fiber collimators 91, 92, 93, and 94 in the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator combination 9 around their own optical axis, so that the polarization directions of their respective output beams are the same as those of the linearly polarized light source of the grating compressor 13 Consistent; the horizontal linear polarization consistent corresponding relationship is established between the polarization controller 3, the polarization measuring instrument 5 and the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator combination 9 array type laser beam groups;
步骤5.调试光路中所述的直角分束棱镜组合11和角锥组合12，光纤功率计组合10测量逆向反射并耦合至保偏光纤环形器组合8第三端口输出激光光束功率，分别记录并组成光强测量数组，即在初始状态下，完成钛宝石飞秒激光器中心波长单色激光光源逆向光束光强标定；Step 5. Debugging the right-angle beam splitting prism combination 11 and the pyramid combination 12 described in the optical path, the fiber optic power meter combination 10 measures the retroreflection and couples to the output laser beam power of the third port of the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator combination 8, respectively records and Form a light intensity measurement array, that is, in the initial state, complete the calibration of the reverse beam light intensity of the central wavelength monochromatic laser source of the titanium sapphire femtosecond laser;
步骤6.将光纤波分复用器4的R端接入保偏光纤分束器7输入端，选取钛宝石飞秒激光器大于中心波长单色激光光源，与步骤5操作相同，完成钛宝石飞秒激光器大于中心波长激光光源逆向光束光强测量和光强数组标定；Step 6. Connect the R end of the optical fiber wavelength division multiplexer 4 to the input end of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter 7, select a Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser source greater than the central wavelength monochromatic laser source, and perform the same operation as Step 5 to complete the Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser source. The second laser is larger than the central wavelength laser light source for reverse beam light intensity measurement and light intensity array calibration;
步骤7.将光纤波分复用器4的B端接入保偏光纤分束器7输入端，选取钛宝石飞秒激光器小于中心波长单色激光光源，与步骤5操作相同，完成钛宝石飞秒激光器小于中心波长激光光源逆向光束光强测量和光强数组标定；Step 7. Connect the B end of the fiber wavelength division multiplexer 4 to the input end of the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 7, select a Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser source smaller than the central wavelength monochromatic laser source, and perform the same operation as Step 5 to complete the Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser source. The second laser is smaller than the central wavelength of the laser light source, reverse beam light intensity measurement and light intensity array calibration;
步骤8.再次将光纤波分复用器4的G端接入保偏光纤分束器7输入端,将光栅压缩器13中第一组光栅对移入保偏光纤准直器组合9输出的阵列型激光束组光路，使第一光栅G1中心与第四保偏光纤准直器94的输出光束重合，将第一光栅G1绕中心轴旋转至第一光栅G1的入射角，锁定第一光栅G1空间姿态，阵列型激光束组经第一光栅G1后沿相同衍射角方向传输入射到第二光栅G2，移动第二光栅G2，使该第二光栅G2中心与第四保偏光纤准直器94输出光束重合；Step 8. Connect the G end of the fiber wavelength division multiplexer 4 to the input end of the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 7 again, and move the first group of grating pairs in the grating compressor 13 into the output array of the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator combination 9 Type laser beam group optical path, make the center of the first grating G1 coincide with the output beam of the fourth polarization-maintaining fiber collimator 94, rotate the first grating G1 around the central axis to the incident angle of the first grating G1, and lock the first grating G1 Space posture, the array type laser beam group is transmitted to the second grating G2 along the same diffraction angle direction after passing through the first grating G1, and the second grating G2 is moved so that the center of the second grating G2 is aligned with the fourth polarization-maintaining fiber collimator 94 Output beam coincidence;
步骤9.精细调试第二光栅G2姿态，当经角锥组121逆向反射四束光束经保偏光纤环形器组合8第三端口输出光束强度与步骤5中标定的光强数组相匹配时，第二光栅G2完成调试并完成锁定；Step 9. Finely adjust the posture of the second grating G2. When the four beams are retroreflected by the pyramid group 121 and the output beam intensity of the third port of the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator combination 8 matches the light intensity array calibrated in step 5, the first The second grating G2 is debugged and locked;
步骤10.以保偏光纤准直器94出射光束经直角分束棱镜组111反射后垂直光束为中心对称轴对称放置第二组光栅对，保偏光纤准直器94输出光束入射至第三光栅G3中心和第四光栅G4中心，精细调试第三光栅G3和第四光栅G4姿态，当经角锥组122和角锥组123反射折返两组光束经保偏光纤环形器组合8第三端口输出光束强度与步骤5标定的光强相匹配时，第三光栅G3和第四光栅G4完成调试并锁定；Step 10. Place the second group of grating pairs symmetrically with the center of the vertical beam after the output beam of the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator 94 is reflected by the right-angle beam splitting prism group 111, and the output beam of the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator 94 is incident on the third grating G3 center and fourth grating G4 center, finely adjust the attitude of the third grating G3 and the fourth grating G4, when reflected by the pyramid group 122 and the pyramid group 123, the two groups of beams are output through the third port of the polarization maintaining fiber circulator combination 8 When the beam intensity matches the light intensity calibrated in step 5, the third grating G3 and the fourth grating G4 are debugged and locked;
步骤11.将光纤波分复用器4的R端接入保偏光纤分束器7输入端，沿垂直于第二光栅G2衍射光束方向移动直角分束棱镜组112，使得光纤阵列激光束组垂直入射直角分束棱镜组112侧面，即可实现入射光源经角锥组合12后逆向反射，记录经保偏光纤环形器组合8第三端口光强数组与步骤6标定的光强相匹配时，完成评估光栅压缩器13通过钛宝石飞秒激光器大于中心波长激光光源谱宽；Step 11. Connect the R end of the fiber wavelength division multiplexer 4 to the input end of the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 7, and move the right-angle beam splitting prism group 112 along the direction perpendicular to the diffraction beam of the second grating G2, so that the fiber array laser beam group Vertically incident on the side of the right-angle beam splitting prism group 112, the incident light source can be retroreflected after passing through the pyramid combination 12, and when the light intensity array at the third port of the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator combination 8 matches the light intensity calibrated in step 6, Completing the evaluation of the grating compressor 13 through a Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser with a spectral width greater than that of the central wavelength laser source;
步骤12.将光纤波分复用器4的B端接入保偏光纤分束器7输入端，沿垂直于第二光栅G2衍射光束方向移动直角分束棱镜组112，使得光纤阵列激光束组垂直入射直角分束棱镜组112即可实现入射光源经角锥组合12后逆向反射，记录经保偏光纤环形器组合8第三端口光强数组与步骤7标定的光强相匹配时，完成评估光栅压缩器13通过钛宝石飞秒激光器小于中心波长激光光源谱宽；Step 12. Connect the B end of the fiber wavelength division multiplexer 4 to the input end of the polarization maintaining fiber beam splitter 7, and move the right-angle beam splitting prism group 112 along the direction perpendicular to the second grating G2 diffracted beam, so that the fiber array laser beam group The vertical incident right-angle beam splitting prism group 112 can realize the retroreflection of the incident light source after passing through the pyramid combination 12, and when the light intensity array at the third port of the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator combination 8 matches the light intensity calibrated in step 7, the evaluation is completed The grating compressor 13 passes the titanium sapphire femtosecond laser with a spectral width smaller than the central wavelength laser light source;
在实施例中，光栅压缩器中单块光栅的衍射效率为92％，步骤5，6，7中得到的激光光强功率数组均为未经过光栅衍射的数值，即为初始状态。保偏准直器组9输出的光纤阵列光束经角锥组121后逆向反射光束至保偏光纤环形器组合8第三端口的输出光束共计经过四次光栅(依次为G1，G2，G2，G1)，因此光强衰减率为0.92的四次方，即为72％；以此类似，保偏准直器组9输出的光纤阵列光束经角锥组122和角锥组122后，光强衰减率为0.92的八次方，即为51％。步骤9，10，11，12中测量光强数值与标定光强数值相匹配即满足上述的衰减倍率关系。In the embodiment, the diffraction efficiency of a single grating in the grating compressor is 92%, and the laser light intensity and power arrays obtained in steps 5, 6, and 7 are all values that have not been diffracted by the grating, that is, the initial state. The optical fiber array beam output by the polarization maintaining collimator group 9 passes through the pyramid group 121 and then retroreflects the beam to the output beam of the third port of the polarization maintaining fiber circulator combination 8 and passes through the grating four times (G1, G2, G2, G1 in sequence) ), so the light intensity attenuation rate is 0.92 to the fourth power, which is 72%; similarly, the optical fiber array light beam output by the polarization maintaining collimator group 9 passes through the pyramid group 122 and the pyramid group 122, and the light intensity attenuation The rate is 0.92 to the eighth power, which is 51%. Matching the measured light intensity value with the calibrated light intensity value in steps 9, 10, 11, and 12 satisfies the above attenuation ratio relationship.
步骤13.通过对比保偏光纤环形器组合8第三输出端光强数组即可判定光栅压缩器13两组光栅对G1和G2，G3和G4的光栅面的平行度，并评估光栅压缩器13通过钛宝石飞秒激光器宽带光源的谱宽特征；Step 13. By comparing the light intensity array at the third output end of the polarization maintaining fiber circulator combination 8, the parallelism of the grating surfaces of the two groups of grating pairs G1 and G2, G3 and G4 of the grating compressor 13 can be determined, and the grating compressor 13 can be evaluated Spectral width characteristics of broadband light source through Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser;
步骤14.调试完成后锁定所有多维光栅调节架，撤出保偏光纤准直器组合9、直角分束棱镜组合11和角锥组合12完成光栅压缩器13的调试。Step 14. After debugging, lock all the multi-dimensional grating adjustment racks, withdraw the polarization-maintaining fiber collimator assembly 9, the right-angle beam splitting prism assembly 11 and the pyramid assembly 12 to complete the debugging of the grating compressor 13.
将上述发明内容已应用到大型超短激光装置的大口径光栅压缩器，并完成多轮打靶实验，取得了满意物理结果。本发明专利所述的用于调试光栅压缩器光纤阵列装置和调试方法有效提升大口径光栅压缩器调试效率，并实现了光栅压缩器多维高精度调试及具备实时监控功能，保证了大口径光栅压缩器的性能，因此本专利为超短超强激光系统的光栅压缩器调试及相关技术发展提供创造性的手段和方法。The content of the above invention has been applied to the large-aperture grating compressor of a large ultra-short laser device, and multiple rounds of shooting experiments have been completed, and satisfactory physical results have been obtained. The optical fiber array device and debugging method for debugging grating compressors described in the patent of the present invention effectively improve the debugging efficiency of large-diameter grating compressors, and realize multi-dimensional high-precision debugging of grating compressors and have real-time monitoring functions, ensuring large-diameter grating compression Therefore, this patent provides creative means and methods for debugging the grating compressor of the ultra-short and ultra-intense laser system and the development of related technologies.
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