CN108663758A - A kind of free space laser coupled to single mode optical fiber device and method - Google Patents

A kind of free space laser coupled to single mode optical fiber device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108663758A
CN108663758A CN201810315086.5A CN201810315086A CN108663758A CN 108663758 A CN108663758 A CN 108663758A CN 201810315086 A CN201810315086 A CN 201810315086A CN 108663758 A CN108663758 A CN 108663758A
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laser
optical fiber
single mode
mode optical
free space
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CN108663758B (en
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吴金才
何志平
张亮
王天洪
舒嵘
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Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of CAS
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Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of CAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4219Mechanical fixtures for holding or positioning the elements relative to each other in the couplings; Alignment methods for the elements, e.g. measuring or observing methods especially used therefor
    • G02B6/422Active alignment, i.e. moving the elements in response to the detected degree of coupling or position of the elements
    • G02B6/4227Active alignment methods, e.g. procedures and algorithms
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4219Mechanical fixtures for holding or positioning the elements relative to each other in the couplings; Alignment methods for the elements, e.g. measuring or observing methods especially used therefor
    • G02B6/422Active alignment, i.e. moving the elements in response to the detected degree of coupling or position of the elements
    • G02B6/4221Active alignment, i.e. moving the elements in response to the detected degree of coupling or position of the elements involving a visual detection of the position of the elements, e.g. by using a microscope or a camera

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of efficient free space laser coupled to the device and method of single mode optical fiber, auto-collimation function of the invention based on prism of corner cube, free space laser is divided into two beams using the light splitting function of spectroscope (Beam Splitter), wherein beam of laser is by spectroscope reflection, prism of corner cube revolution 180 degree outgoing;Another beam of laser enters fiber end face after spectroscope transmits through coupling mirror, laser is introduced using the other end of single mode optical fiber to collimate by coupling mirror, adjust collimation light direction, so that the equidirectional outgoing of laser in direction of the collimated light after spectroscope reflects and prism of corner cube revolution 180 degree, then free space laser is mutually 180 degree with the laser direction after single mode optical fiber collimation, is realized at this time to the coupling of single mode optical fiber.Apparatus of the present invention are of simple structure and low cost, adjusting method is simple.

Description

A kind of free space laser coupled to single mode optical fiber device and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device and method of efficient free space laser coupled to single mode optical fiber, especially suitable for The fields such as the fiber coupling of laser or wide spectrum, beam shaping.
Background technology
Corning Incorporated in 1970 produces first optical fiber and starts, so far Fibre Optical Communication Technology have been developed more than 40 years it Long.Compare with traditional communication technology, modern Fibre Optical Communication Technology then possess many unrivaled peculiar advantages and Feature, first transmission bandwidth possessed by optical fiber have a very significant increase compared to cable and copper wire, therefore optical fiber has frequency Band is extremely wide, and the great advantage optical fiber of message capacity has frequency band extremely wide, the great advantage of message capacity;Secondly optical fiber also has damage Consume low, the advantage of repeater span length;In addition one of the advantages of electromagnetism interference is also fiber optic communication, silica fibre possess preferably Corrosion resistance, and good insulating, therefore it is not readily susceptible to the influence of external environment, is also not readily susceptible to other strong electromagnetics and sets Standby interference.Optical fiber also has light-weight, easy to process and is laid with, and raw material resources are abundant, and manufacturing cost is relatively low, temperature The advantages such as good, the service life length of stability.
Fiber optic communication and satellite laser communications field on ground, erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), demultiplex wavelength division multiplexer Extensive use with device etc. using single mode optical fiber as the Primary Component of input terminal in high-rate laser communication link, especially can be big Amplitude improves Primary Component (such as preposition EDFA and optical fiber mixing in the laser communication coherent detection receiver of detectivity Device) input terminal be necessary for single mode optical fiber, ground fiber optic communication and satellite laser communications are all made of single mode optical fiber interface, for structure Global optical communication network provides basis, thus spatial light becomes the pass of Space laser communications to the efficient coupling of single mode optical fiber Key technology problem.Simultaneously as single mode optical fiber emergent light has the mode characteristic close to ideal Gaussian beam, in beam-shaping On have and be widely applied, and spatial light becomes one of the key technology of beam shaping to the efficient coupling of single mode optical fiber.
In view of free space laser to the widespread demand of Single-Mode Fiber Coupling technology, it is efficient certainly that the present invention provides one kind The device and method of single mode optical fiber is coupled to by space laser, auto-collimation function of the invention based on prism of corner cube, i.e., arbitrarily into The incident ray entered in prism of corner cube clear aperature is efficiently returned by direction, while utilizing spectroscope (Beam Splitter) Light splitting function free space laser is divided into two beams, wherein beam of laser turns round 180 degree by spectroscope reflection, prism of corner cube Outgoing;Another beam of laser enters fiber end face after spectroscope transmits through coupling mirror, reversed using the other end of single mode optical fiber Light lead passes through and adjusts the collimated light that optical fiber introduces so that collimated light and is coupled laser and is mutually 180 degree at this time and realize to single mode The coupling of optical fiber.Apparatus of the present invention are of simple structure and low cost, adjusting method is simple, are suitable for laser or the optical fiber of wide spectrum The fields such as coupling, beam shaping.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device and methods of efficient free space laser coupled to single mode optical fiber, should The use of invention device can meet coupling of the free space laser to arbitrary core optical fibers, while can also auxiliary optical instrument Registration adjusting etc. between device optical axis.The characteristics of invention, is mainly reflected in:1) simple in structure, it is of low cost;2) present invention is adjusted Method is simple, using the reversed light lead of optical fiber, by the collimated light for adjusting optical fiber introducing so that collimated light is mutually with laser is coupled 180 degree, the adjusting that two-beam is mutually 180 degree are mainly the auto-collimation for utilizing prism of corner cube, spectroscope (Beam Splitter) Function is divided to realize;3) present invention can assist the coupling of the visualization to free space laser to single mode optical fiber to adjust.
Apparatus of the present invention are as shown in Fig. 1, and the course of work of the device is as follows:
Laser 1 emits free space laser, is divided into two beams by spectroscope 4, wherein beam of laser is anti-by spectroscope 4 It penetrates, the revolution 180 degree outgoing of prism of corner cube 5, parallel light tube 6 is entered after being transmitted using spectroscope 4 and in focal plane laser beam analyzer 7 Upper imaging records imaging point centroid position;In addition beam of laser enters single mode optical fiber 3 after the transmission of spectroscope 4 through coupling mirror 2 End face, using single mode optical fiber 3 the other end introduce laser by coupling mirror 2 collimation, collimated light reflects laggard by spectroscope 4 Enter parallel light tube 6 and be imaged on focal plane laser beam analyzer 7, adjust collimation light direction so that two on laser beam analyzer 7 at Picture point overlaps, and the collimation light direction for the free space laser and single mode optical fiber that laser 1 emits at this time is mutually 180 degree, real at this time Show to the coupling of single mode optical fiber.The final laser 1 of the invention device, coupling mirror 2, single mode optical fiber 3, spectroscope 4 and pyramid rib Mirror 5 collectively constitutes, and wherein parallel light tube 6 combines to form light shaft coaxle degree detection device with laser beam analyzer 7.
The optical maser wavelength of the laser 1 is selected according to actual demand.
The optical maser wavelength using wavelength covering laser (1) of the collimating mirror 2, the surface form deviation RMS of collimating mirror (2) Value is less than λ/10, and refractive error is less than 2%.
The optical maser wavelength of the core diameter and laser 1 of the single mode optical fiber 3 matches, and fiber end face is in collimating mirror 2 Position of focal plane.
The spectroscope 4 is to the optical maser wavelength splitting ratio of laser 1 between 4:6 and 6:Between 4, light splitting angle is 45 ° ± 5 ", the depth of parallelism of two groups of horizontal light pass surfaces is less than 5 ", each light pass surface surface form deviation RMS value is less than the@of λ/10 632.8nm.
The rotating accuracy of the prism of corner cube 5 is less than 3 ".
The surface form deviation RMS value of the parallel light tube 6 is less than λ/10, and the laser beam analyzer 7 uses wavelength model Enclose the optical maser wavelength of covering laser 1.
The parallel light tube 6 need to be used cooperatively with laser beam analyzer (7), and the photosurface of laser beam analyzer 7 is in parallel The position of focal plane of light pipe 6,7 single pixel size of laser beam analyzer and the focal length ratio of parallel light tube 6 need to meet measuring accuracy requirement.
A kind of efficient free space laser coupled of the present invention to single mode optical fiber schematic device as shown in Figure 1, this hair Bright device can assist free space laser to the coupling of single mode optical fiber, while can be extended to free space laser to multimode The specific implementation step of the coupling of optical fiber, the inventive method is as follows:
1, coupling mirror and single mode optical fiber relationship are adjusted
Laser is introduced using one end of single mode optical fiber 3 to collimate by coupling mirror 2, collimated light reflects laggard by spectroscope 4 Enter parallel light tube 6 and be imaged on focal plane laser beam analyzer 7, by the emergent light end face and the coupling mirror 2 that adjust single mode optical fiber 3 Relative position so that collimated light imaging point on laser beam analyzer 7 is minimum, by single mode optical fiber 3 and coupling mirror 2 be fixed as one it is whole Body completes the adjusting of coupling mirror 2 and single mode optical fiber 3.
2, collimated light and coupled laser are mutually 180 degree adjusting
Laser 1 emits free space laser, is divided into two beams by spectroscope 4, wherein beam of laser is anti-by spectroscope 4 It penetrates, the revolution 180 degree outgoing of prism of corner cube 5, parallel light tube 6 is entered after being transmitted using spectroscope 4 and in focal plane laser beam analyzer 7 Upper imaging records imaging point centroid position;Laser is introduced using the other end of single mode optical fiber 3 to collimate by coupling mirror 2, collimated light Enter parallel light tube 6 after the reflection of spectroscope 4 and be imaged on focal plane laser beam analyzer 7, adjusts collimation light direction so that light Two imaging points on beam analysis instrument 7 overlap, and the free space laser that laser 1 emits at this time collimates light direction with single mode optical fiber It is mutually 180 degree.
3, the coupling of free space laser to single mode optical fiber is adjusted
The free space laser that laser 1 emits, wherein beam of laser enter after the transmission of spectroscope 4 through coupling mirror 2 The end face of single mode optical fiber 3, at this time laser be coupled in single mode optical fiber 3, utilize light power meter test 3 exit ports of single mode optical fiber Energy;Spectroscope 4, prism of corner cube 5 are removed, the azimuth pitch angle of collimating mirror 2 and 3 component of single mode optical fiber is finely tuned again, by light Fibre coupling energy adjustment is finally completed coupling of the free space laser to single mode optical fiber to maximum.
Apparatus of the present invention not only can assist free space laser to Single-Mode Fiber Coupling, while can be extended to freedom The characteristics of space laser registration can also be adjusted etc. between auxiliary optical instrument optical axis to the coupling of multimode fibre, invention master It is embodied in:
1) apparatus of the present invention are simple in structure, of low cost;
2) the method for the present invention is simple, using the reversed light lead of optical fiber, by the collimated light for adjusting optical fiber introducing so that collimated light It is mutually 180 degree with laser is coupled;The adjusting that two-beam is mutually 180 degree mainly utilizes the auto-collimation of prism of corner cube, spectroscope The light splitting function of (Beam Splitter) is realized;
3) present invention can assist free space laser to Single-Mode Fiber Coupling, can extend to free space laser to multimode The coupling of optical fiber, while adjusting and test etc. can also be registrated between auxiliary optical instrument optical axis.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is device light path schematic diagram of the free space laser coupled to single mode optical fiber.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the method for the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Main devices employed in the present invention are described as follows:
1) laser 1:Using the laser of Changchun Xin Chenye Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. model PGL-V-H-1064, Specifeca tion speeification:Service band is 1064 ± 1nm;Continuous light output goes out light energy 50mw, energy stability<5%, laser The angle of divergence<1.2mrad, light beam light extraction bore about 1.5mm;
2) collimating mirror 2:Use Thorlabs company models for the collimating mirror of 352240-C, Specifeca tion speeification:Work Wave band is 1050-1620nm;Focal length is 8mm, clear aperture 8mm;Transmission material is ECO550;
3) single mode optical fiber 3:Use Thorlabs company models for the single mode optical fiber of SM980, Specifeca tion speeification:Work Wave band is 980-1550nm;Fibre-optic mode field diameter be 9um@1064nm, covering 125 ± 1um of core diameter, by wavelength be 870- 970nm;
4) spectroscope 4:Use Thorlabs company models for the unpolarized Amici prism of BS007, Specifeca tion speeification: Service band is 700-1100nm;Splitting ratio is 1:1, clear aperture 20mm;
5) prism of corner cube 5:Use Thorlabs company models for the prism of corner cube of PS971, Specifeca tion speeification:Light transmission Face surface face type is better than the@of λ/10 632.8nm;Rotating accuracy is less than 3 ", clear aperture 25.4mm;
6) parallel light tube 6:Using the reflective parallel light pipe of customization, Specifeca tion speeification:Parallel light tube focal length is 5m, Reflection paraboloid face type is better than the@of λ/20 632.8nm;
7) laser beam analyzer 7:Use U.S.'s Spiricon company models for the laser beam analyzer of SP620, main performance Parameter:Service band 190nm-1100nm, pixel size 4.4um*4.4um, number of pixels 1600*1200;
A kind of efficient free space laser coupled of the present invention to single mode optical fiber schematic device as shown in Figure 1, this hair Bright device can assist free space laser to the coupling of single mode optical fiber, and it is as follows which obtains specific implementation step:
1, coupling mirror and single mode optical fiber relationship are adjusted
Laser is introduced using one end of single mode optical fiber 3 to collimate by coupling mirror 2, collimated light reflects laggard by spectroscope 4 Enter parallel light tube 6 and be imaged on focal plane laser beam analyzer 7, by the emergent light end face and the coupling mirror 2 that adjust single mode optical fiber 3 Relative position so that collimated light imaging point on laser beam analyzer 7 is minimum, by single mode optical fiber 3 and coupling mirror 2 be fixed as one it is whole Body completes the adjusting of coupling mirror 2 and single mode optical fiber 3.
2, collimated light and coupled laser are mutually 180 degree adjusting
Laser 1 emits free space laser, is divided into two beams by spectroscope 4, wherein beam of laser is anti-by spectroscope 4 It penetrates, the revolution 180 degree outgoing of prism of corner cube 5, parallel light tube 6 is entered after being transmitted using spectroscope 4 and in focal plane laser beam analyzer 7 Upper imaging records imaging point centroid position;Laser is introduced using the other end of single mode optical fiber 3 to collimate by coupling mirror 2, collimated light Enter parallel light tube 6 after the reflection of spectroscope 4 and be imaged on focal plane laser beam analyzer 7, adjusts collimation light direction so that light Two imaging points on beam analysis instrument 7 overlap, and the free space laser that laser 1 emits at this time collimates light direction with single mode optical fiber It is mutually 180 degree.
3, the coupling of free space laser to single mode optical fiber is adjusted
The free space laser that laser 1 emits, wherein beam of laser enter after the transmission of spectroscope 4 through coupling mirror 2 The end face of single mode optical fiber 3, at this time laser be coupled in single mode optical fiber 3, utilize light power meter test 3 exit ports of single mode optical fiber Energy;Spectroscope 4, prism of corner cube 5 are removed, the azimuth pitch angle of collimating mirror 2 and 3 component of single mode optical fiber is finely tuned again, by light Fibre coupling energy adjustment is finally completed coupling of the free space laser to single mode optical fiber to maximum.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of free space laser coupled is to the device of single mode optical fiber, including laser (1), coupling mirror (2), single mode optical fiber (3), spectroscope (4) and prism of corner cube (5), parallel light tube (6) and laser beam analyzer (7), it is characterised in that:
The parallel light tube (6) need to be used cooperatively with laser beam analyzer (7), and the photosurface of laser beam analyzer (7) is in parallel The focal length ratio of the position of focal plane of light pipe (6), laser beam analyzer (7) single pixel size and parallel light tube (6) need to meet test essence Degree requires;
The laser (1) emits free space laser, is divided into two beams by spectroscope (4), wherein beam of laser is through excessive Light microscopic (4) reflection, prism of corner cube (5) revolution 180 degree outgoing, using spectroscope (4) transmit after enter parallel light tube (6) and Focal plane laser beam analyzer is imaged on (7), records imaging point centroid position;In addition beam of laser passes through after spectroscope (4) transmission Coupling mirror (2) enters the end face of single mode optical fiber (3), and it is accurate by coupling mirror (2) to introduce laser using the other end of single mode optical fiber (3) Directly, collimated light enters parallel light tube (6) after spectroscope (4) reflection and is imaged on focal plane laser beam analyzer (7), adjusts accurate Direct light direction so that two imaging points on laser beam analyzer (7) overlap, the free space laser of laser (1) transmitting at this time It is mutually 180 degree with the collimation light direction of single mode optical fiber, is realized at this time to the coupling of single mode optical fiber.
2. a kind of free space laser coupled according to claim 1 is to the device of single mode optical fiber, it is characterised in that:It is described The optical maser wavelength of laser (1) selected according to actual demand.
3. a kind of free space laser coupled according to claim 1 is to the device of single mode optical fiber, it is characterised in that:It is described Collimating mirror (2) the optical maser wavelength using wavelength covering laser (1), the surface form deviation RMS value of collimating mirror (2) be less than λ/ 10, refractive error is less than 2%.
4. a kind of free space laser coupled according to claim 1 is to the device of single mode optical fiber, it is characterised in that:It is described The optical maser wavelength of core diameter and laser (1) of single mode optical fiber (3) match, fiber end face is in the focal plane position of collimating mirror (2) It sets.
5. a kind of free space laser coupled according to claim 1 is to the device of single mode optical fiber, it is characterised in that:It is described Spectroscope (4) to the optical maser wavelength splitting ratio of laser (1) between 4:6 and 6:Between 4, light splitting angle is 45 ° ± 5 ", two groups The depth of parallelism of horizontal light pass surface is less than 5 ", each light pass surface surface form deviation RMS value is less than the@of λ/10 632.8nm.
6. a kind of free space laser coupled according to claim 1 is to the device of single mode optical fiber, it is characterised in that:It is described Prism of corner cube (5) rotating accuracy be less than 3 ".
7. a kind of free space laser coupled according to claim 1 is to the device of single mode optical fiber, it is characterised in that:It is described The surface form deviation RMS value of parallel light tube (6) be less than λ/10, use the wave-length coverage covering of the laser beam analyzer (7) is sharp The optical maser wavelength of light device (1).
8. a kind of coupling process of device based on a kind of free space laser coupled described in claim 1 to single mode optical fiber, It is characterized in that method and step is as follows:
1) coupling mirror is adjusted with single mode optical fiber relationship:It is accurate by coupling mirror (2) that laser is introduced using one end of single mode optical fiber (3) Directly, collimated light enters parallel light tube (6) after spectroscope (4) reflection and is imaged on focal plane laser beam analyzer (7), passes through tune Save single mode optical fiber (3) emergent light end face and coupling mirror (2) relative position so that collimated light on laser beam analyzer (7) at Picture point is minimum, and single mode optical fiber (3) and coupling mirror (2) are fixed as an entirety, complete coupling mirror (2) and single mode optical fiber (3) It adjusts;
2) collimated light is mutually 180 degree adjusting with coupled laser:Laser (1) emits free space laser, by spectroscope (4) point At two beams, wherein beam of laser is by spectroscope (4) reflection, prism of corner cube (5) revolution 180 degree outgoing, using spectroscope (4) Enter parallel light tube (6) after transmission and be imaged on focal plane laser beam analyzer (7), records imaging point centroid position;Utilize single mode The other end of optical fiber (3) introduces laser and is collimated by coupling mirror (2), and collimated light enters directional light after spectroscope (4) reflection Pipe (6) is simultaneously imaged on focal plane laser beam analyzer (7), adjusts collimation light direction so that two imagings on laser beam analyzer (7) Point overlaps, and free space laser and the single mode optical fiber collimation light direction of laser (1) transmitting at this time are mutually 180 degree;
3) coupling of free space laser to single mode optical fiber is adjusted:The free space laser of laser (1) transmitting, wherein a branch of swash Light enters the end face of single mode optical fiber (3) after spectroscope (4) transmission through coupling mirror (2), and laser has been coupled to single-mode optics at this time In fine (3), single mode optical fiber (3) exit ports energy is tested using light power meter;Spectroscope (4), prism of corner cube (5) are removed, then The azimuth pitch angle of secondary fine tuning collimating mirror (2) and single mode optical fiber (3) component, by fiber coupling energy adjustment to maximum, finally Complete coupling of the free space laser to single mode optical fiber.
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CN109596567A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-04-09 北京航天易联科技发展有限公司 A kind of methane laser detection device
CN110146257A (en) * 2019-05-17 2019-08-20 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 A kind of device and method of rapid survey space laser load optical axis variation
CN110632713A (en) * 2019-08-30 2019-12-31 珠海达明科技有限公司 Device and method for rapidly coupling large-divergence-angle laser to single-mode fiber
CN110895364A (en) * 2019-12-19 2020-03-20 苏州迅镭激光科技有限公司 High-coupling-efficiency fiber laser debugging device and method
CN111122120A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-08 深圳市杰普特光电股份有限公司 Adjusting device and method for fast and efficient coupling of space light
CN111238409A (en) * 2020-02-28 2020-06-05 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Device and method for measuring large-angle optical wedge angle with high precision
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CN109596567A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-04-09 北京航天易联科技发展有限公司 A kind of methane laser detection device
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CN110632713A (en) * 2019-08-30 2019-12-31 珠海达明科技有限公司 Device and method for rapidly coupling large-divergence-angle laser to single-mode fiber
CN110632713B (en) * 2019-08-30 2021-05-07 珠海市运泰利自动化设备有限公司 Device and method for rapidly coupling large-divergence-angle laser to single-mode fiber
CN110895364A (en) * 2019-12-19 2020-03-20 苏州迅镭激光科技有限公司 High-coupling-efficiency fiber laser debugging device and method
CN110895364B (en) * 2019-12-19 2023-09-15 苏州迅镭激光科技有限公司 High-coupling-efficiency fiber laser debugging device and method
CN111122120B (en) * 2019-12-31 2021-09-17 深圳市杰普特光电股份有限公司 Adjusting device and method for fast and efficient coupling of space light
CN111122120A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-08 深圳市杰普特光电股份有限公司 Adjusting device and method for fast and efficient coupling of space light
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CN111238409A (en) * 2020-02-28 2020-06-05 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Device and method for measuring large-angle optical wedge angle with high precision
CN112713932A (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-27 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 Laser communication terminal optical path relay unit assembling and detecting system and detecting method based on same
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