CN110895364B - High-coupling-efficiency fiber laser debugging device and method - Google Patents
High-coupling-efficiency fiber laser debugging device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110895364B CN110895364B CN201911314154.7A CN201911314154A CN110895364B CN 110895364 B CN110895364 B CN 110895364B CN 201911314154 A CN201911314154 A CN 201911314154A CN 110895364 B CN110895364 B CN 110895364B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4296—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with sources of high radiant energy, e.g. high power lasers, high temperature light sources
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
- G02B6/4214—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical element having redirecting reflective means, e.g. mirrors, prisms for deflecting the radiation from horizontal to down- or upward direction toward a device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4219—Mechanical fixtures for holding or positioning the elements relative to each other in the couplings; Alignment methods for the elements, e.g. measuring or observing methods especially used therefor
- G02B6/4236—Fixing or mounting methods of the aligned elements
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-coupling-efficiency fiber laser debugging device and a high-coupling-efficiency fiber laser debugging method, which are used for coupling laser emitted by a laser into a fiber core diameter on a laser processing head, and comprise a 45-degree reflecting mirror, a coupling mirror group, a double-head QBH fiber joint with an optical fiber arranged therein, a laser processing head, an observation mirror group, a collimator and a light source, wherein the observation mirror group is used for observing horizontal ray imaging reflected by the 45-degree reflecting mirror, the collimator is positioned at the other side of the 45-degree reflecting mirror and is coaxially arranged with the coupling mirror group, the coupling mirror group is positioned at a position for focusing a light beam to a virtual focus of the double-head QBH fiber joint, and the light source is arranged at a focus position of the laser processing head. The invention can effectively and safely couple the laser beam emitted by the laser into the small-diameter optical fiber core diameter accurately, and the coupling efficiency is as high as more than 95%.
Description
[ field of technology ]
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser coupling debugging, and particularly relates to a fiber laser debugging device with high coupling efficiency and a fiber laser debugging method.
[ background Art ]
Laser processing is widely used in manufacturing industry, such as laser cutting, laser welding and the like, and the principle of laser processing equipment is that a laser generating device is utilized to emit a beam of laser, then the laser is coupled into an optical fiber, then a joint at the end part of the optical fiber is inserted into a laser processing head, the laser beam is introduced into the laser processing head through the optical fiber, and then the laser beam is collimated and focused to the surface of a workpiece to realize cutting or welding. Among them, the optical fiber splice plays a very important role. Before use, the laser beam is coupled into the optical fiber core through coupling debugging by a coupling lens group to realize normal transmission and accurate control; because the diameter of the optical fiber is smaller, the traditional coupling debugging method is to directly set an optical power meter at the focal position of a laser processing head, then adjust a three-dimensional adjusting mechanism of a coupling lens group, and when the optical power meter detects the maximum power, the debugging is successful; however, with the development of technology, the requirements of high-power laser are more and more, the diameter of the optical fiber is smaller and smaller, the debugging method can only be applied to optical fibers with the diameter of more than 300um, and for optical fibers with the diameter of 50-300 um, the method is not applicable, because the laser beam burns out the optical fibers with a little deviation. Therefore, how to couple a laser beam into a fiber core of such small diameter becomes a big challenge.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a new fiber laser debugging device and debugging method with high coupling efficiency to solve the above problems.
[ invention ]
One of the main purposes of the invention is to provide a fiber laser debugging device with high coupling efficiency, which can effectively and safely couple the laser beam emitted by a laser into a small-diameter fiber core precisely, and the coupling efficiency is as high as more than 95%.
The invention realizes the aim through the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a high coupling efficiency's optic fibre laser debugging device, its is arranged in the optical fiber core diameter of coupling the laser that the laser instrument launched to a laser processing head, and it includes 45 speculum, coupling mirror group, the double-end QBH fiber joint that is equipped with optic fibre in, laser processing head, observation mirror group, collimator and a light source, observation mirror group is used for observing through 45 speculum reflection comes horizontal ray formation of image, the collimator is located 45 speculum's opposite side and with coupling mirror group coaxial arrangement, coupling mirror group is located the virtual focus position of double-end QBH fiber joint, the light source sets up laser processing head's focus position.
Further, the laser and the coupling lens group are positioned on the same side of the 45-degree reflecting mirror and distributed at 90 degrees.
Further, a collimating lens group is arranged between the laser and the 45-degree reflecting mirror; the divergent light emitted by the laser forms collimated parallel light through the collimating lens group, then the collimated parallel light is reflected into the coupling lens group through the 45-degree reflecting mirror, and the collimated parallel light is focused into the double-head QBH optical fiber connector through the coupling lens group.
Further, the observation lens set is located between the collimating lens set and the 45-degree reflecting mirror.
Further, the QBH fiber connector at one end of the dual-head QBH fiber connector is coaxially arranged with the coupling lens group, and the QBH fiber connector at the other end is inserted into the QBH fiber connector at the top of the laser processing head.
Furthermore, one surface of the 45-degree reflecting mirror is plated with a laser reflecting film, and the other surface is a quartz polished surface; one surface of the 45-degree reflecting mirror, which is plated with a laser reflecting film, is arranged towards the laser and the coupling mirror group; the quartz polishing surface of the 45 DEG mirror is disposed toward the collimator.
Further, the light source is different in color from the collimator.
Further, the observation lens group comprises a triple prism for steering the light beam reflected by the 45-degree reflecting mirror, a zoom lens group with adjustable focal length, a focusing lens, a reticle and an eyepiece capable of axially moving.
Further, the magnification of the observation lens group is 4-8 times, and the axial adjusting range of the ocular is more than or equal to 15mm.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a fiber laser debugging method with high coupling efficiency, which includes the following steps:
1) A coupling mirror group is arranged at the virtual focus position of a double-head QBH optical fiber connector, a 45-degree reflecting mirror is coaxially arranged above the coupling mirror group, an observation mirror group is arranged on a horizontal light path reflected by the 45-degree reflecting mirror, the connector of the double-head QBH optical fiber connector is inserted into a QBH optical fiber interface at the top of a laser processing head, and a light source is arranged at the focus position of the laser processing head;
2) Adjusting a zoom lens group and an eyepiece in the observation lens group so that a first round light spot formed by the fiber core end face of the double-head QBH fiber connector illuminated by a light source is positioned at the center of a differentiation plate in the observation lens group;
3) A collimator is coaxially arranged on the other side of the 45-degree reflecting mirror and the coupling mirror group;
4) Adjusting a zoom lens group and an eyepiece in the observation lens group to enable a second round light spot formed by reflection of the crystal head end surface of the double-head QBH optical fiber connector to form clear images;
5) Adjusting the position and the angle of the coupling lens group so that the first circular light spot and the second circular light spot are positioned at the right center of the dividing plate in the observation lens group;
6) Correcting the axial position of the coupling lens group to be positioned at the virtual focus position of the double-head QBH optical fiber connector.
Compared with the prior art, the optical fiber laser debugging device with high coupling efficiency and the debugging method have the beneficial effects that: the coupling efficiency can reach more than 95%, the method is suitable for optical fibers with the core diameter larger than or equal to 50um, the optical fiber end face and the crystal head end face are observed twice respectively, and the error is quantitatively measured by using an observation mirror; the debugging operation is simple, and the method can be used for industrial laser equipment debugging; the collimating lens group does not need an adjusting mechanism, and all assembly tolerances are compensated by the three-dimensional adjusting mechanism of the coupling lens group at one time; the structure design is simple, the device is small in size, the debugging is convenient, and the debugging efficiency is improved; the axial coupling precision of the laser focusing beam and the optical fiber core diameter is visually adjusted, so that the operation is simple and the precision is high; high coupling efficiency, reduced water cooling requirement and laser power loss, and improved processing capacity of the laser processing head.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure of a dual-headed QBH optical fiber splice in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of an observation lens set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the figures represent the numbers:
100 high coupling efficiency fiber laser debugging device and debugging method; 101 beams;
1 a laser; 2, a collimation lens group; 345 ° mirror; 4, coupling the lens group; 5 double-ended QBH fiber splice; 6, an observation lens group, a triple prism 61, a zoom lens group 62, a focusing lens 63, a reticle 64 and an eyepiece 65; 7 collimator.
[ detailed description ] of the invention
Examples:
referring to fig. 1-3, the present embodiment is a fiber laser debugging device 100 with high coupling efficiency, which is used for coupling laser emitted by a laser 1 into a fiber core on a laser processing head, and includes a 45 ° reflector 3, a coupling mirror set 4, a dual-head QBH fiber connector 5 with an optical fiber therein, a laser processing head (not identified in the drawing), a viewing mirror set 6, a collimator 7, and a light source (not identified in the drawing), wherein the viewing mirror set 6 and the coupling mirror set 4 are located on the same side of the 45 ° reflector 3 and distributed at 90 °, the collimator 7 is located on the other side of the 45 ° reflector 3 and coaxially disposed with the coupling mirror set 4, the coupling mirror set 4 is located at a virtual focus position of the dual-head QBH fiber connector 5, and the light source is disposed at a focus position of the laser processing head.
The device is mainly used for debugging the placement position and angle of the coupling lens group 4, so that laser beams emitted by lasers can be focused into the fiber core diameter of the double-end QBH fiber connector 5, and then output to the surface of a workpiece through the lens group in the laser processing head, and after debugging is finished, laser processing can be realized.
The laser 1 and the coupling mirror group 4 are positioned on the same side of the 45-degree reflecting mirror 3 and distributed at 90 degrees, and a collimating mirror group 2 is arranged between the laser 1 and the 45-degree reflecting mirror 3. The divergent light emitted by the laser 1 forms collimated parallel light through the collimating lens group 2, then is reflected into the coupling lens group 4 through the 45 DEG reflecting mirror 3, and is focused into the double-head QBH fiber joint 5 through the coupling lens group 4.
The observation mirror set 6 is located between the collimation mirror set 2 and the 45-degree reflecting mirror 3.
In this embodiment, the QBH fiber connector at one end of the dual-head QBH fiber connector 5 is coaxially disposed with the coupling lens group 4, and the QBH fiber connector at the other end is plugged into the QBH fiber interface at the top of the laser processing head.
In this embodiment, the light source is a white light source, and the collimator 7 is a red collimator. In other embodiments, the light source and the collimator 7 may be light sources with other colors, which are different, for example, a blue light source and a red collimator, or a red light source and a blue collimator, or a red light source and a violet collimator, or a violet light source and a red collimator, or the like.
The observation mirror set 6 includes a triangular prism 61 that reflects the light beam reflected by the 45 ° mirror 3 upward, a zoom lens set 62 whose focal length is adjustable, a focusing lens 63, a reticle 64, and an eyepiece 65 that is axially movable. The triangular prism 61 is used for steering, so that the observation is convenient; the reticle 64 is located at the focal length position of the focusing mirror 63. The magnification of the observation lens group 6 is 4-8 times, and the axial adjusting range of the ocular lens 65 is more than or equal to 15mm.
One surface of the 45-degree reflecting mirror 3 is plated with a laser reflecting film, and the other surface is a quartz polished surface. The surface of the 45-degree reflecting mirror 3 plated with the laser reflecting film faces the laser 1 and the coupling mirror group 4; the quartz polished surface of the 45 ° mirror 3 is disposed facing the collimator 7.
The optical fiber laser debugging method with high coupling efficiency comprises the following steps:
1) A coupling mirror group 4 is arranged at the virtual focus position of a double-head QBH optical fiber connector 5, a 45-degree reflecting mirror 3 is coaxially arranged above the coupling mirror group 4, an observation mirror group 6 is arranged on a horizontal light path reflected by the 45-degree reflecting mirror 3, the connector of the double-head QBH optical fiber connector 5 is inserted into a QBH optical fiber interface at the top of a laser processing head, and a light source is arranged at the focus position of the laser processing head;
in this embodiment, the light source is a white light source, and according to the reversibility of light, the light emitted by the white light source passes through the laser processing head to irradiate the end face of the double-end QBH optical fiber connector 5, and at this time, the end face of the double-end QBH optical fiber connector 5 is illuminated and enters the observation lens group 6 through the coupling lens group 4 and the 45-degree reflecting lens 3; the observation lens group 6 and the coupling lens group 4 are positioned on the same side of the 45-degree reflecting mirror 3 and are distributed at 90 degrees;
2) Adjusting the zoom lens group 62 and the ocular lens 65 in the observation lens group 6 to enable a first round light spot formed by the fiber core end face of the double-end QBH fiber connector 5 illuminated by the light source to be clearly imaged in the visual field range of the observation lens group 6, and adjusting the placement position of the observation lens group 6 to enable the first round light spot to be located at the right center of the division plate in the observation lens group 6, namely at the cross position of "+" graduations;
3) A collimator 7 is coaxially arranged on the other side of the 45-degree reflecting mirror 3 and the coupling mirror group 4; the color of the light beam of the collimator 7 is different from that of the light source;
in this embodiment, the collimator 7 is a red collimator, and the emitted light is transmitted through the 45 ° reflecting mirror 3 and then enters the double-end QBH fiber connector 5 through the coupling mirror group 4, and is reflected by the crystal head end surface of the double-end QBH fiber connector 5 to form a part of light, and the reflected light enters the observation mirror group 6 through the coupling mirror group 4 and the 45 ° reflecting mirror 3;
4) Adjusting the axial position of an eyepiece 65 in the observation mirror group 6 to enable a second round light spot formed by reflection of the crystal head end surface of the double-head QBH optical fiber connector 5 to form a clear image; at this time, the image observed in the eyepiece 65 is a red flare;
5) The three-dimensional adjusting mechanism in the coupling lens group 4 is adjusted to finely adjust the position and the angle of the coupling lens, so that the first circular light spot and the second circular light spot are positioned at the right center of the division plate in the observation lens group 6, namely at the cross position of "+" graduations; this ensures that the optical axis of the coupling lens group 4 is coaxial with the optical fibers of the double-ended QBH optical fiber connector 5;
6) Because the position of the coupling lens group 4 is finely adjusted, the position of the coupling lens group 4 needs to be corrected so as to be positioned at the virtual focus position of the double-head QBH optical fiber connector 5; the adjusting method comprises two methods:
the method comprises the following steps: since the refractive indexes of the red light and the laser are different for the materials of the lenses of the coupling lens group, the theoretical deviation x of the red light and the laser can be calculated, and then the coupling lens group 4 is adjusted to move by x distance in the axial direction; wherein, the calculation formula of the theoretical deviation x is:
wherein d is the length of the crystal head in the double-head QBH optical fiber connector 5, and f is the focal length of the coupling mirror; n is the refractive index of the quartz material, D e Is the beam diameter.
The second method is as follows: and setting an optical power meter at the focal position of the laser processing head, and axially adjusting the position of the coupling lens group 4, wherein the position of the corresponding coupling lens group 4 is successfully adjusted when the optical power meter detects the maximum power.
The optical fiber laser debugging device 100 with high coupling efficiency and the debugging method thereof can achieve the coupling efficiency of more than 95%, are suitable for optical fibers with the core diameter of more than or equal to 50um, are respectively observed at the end face of the optical fiber and the end face of the crystal head for two times, and quantitatively measure errors by utilizing an observation mirror; the debugging operation is simple, and the method can be used for industrial laser equipment debugging; the collimating lens group does not need an adjusting mechanism, and all assembly tolerances are compensated by the three-dimensional adjusting mechanism of the coupling lens group at one time; the structure design is simple, the device is small in size, the debugging is convenient, and the debugging efficiency is improved; the axial coupling precision of the laser focusing beam and the optical fiber core diameter is visually adjusted, so that the operation is simple and the precision is high; high coupling efficiency, reduced water cooling requirement and laser power loss, and improved processing capacity of the laser processing head.
What has been described above is merely some embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a high coupling efficiency's optic fibre laser debugging device, its is arranged in the optical fiber core that couples the laser that laser instrument (1) launched to a laser processing head, its characterized in that: the laser device (1), the collimating lens group (2), the observation lens group (6), the 45-degree reflecting mirror (3), the coupling lens group (4) and the double-head QBH optical fiber connector (5) with optical fibers are sequentially arranged along an optical path;
the observation mirror group (6) is used for observing horizontal light imaging reflected by the 45-degree reflecting mirror (3), the laser (1) and the coupling mirror group (4) are positioned on the same side of the 45-degree reflecting mirror (3) and distributed at 90 degrees, a collimator (7) coaxially arranged with the coupling mirror group (4) is arranged on the other side of the 45-degree reflecting mirror (3), the coupling mirror group (4) is positioned at the virtual focus position of the double-end QBH optical fiber connector (5), and a light source is arranged at the focus position of the laser processing head; the QBH fiber connector of one end of the double-end QBH fiber connector (5) is coaxially arranged with the coupling mirror group (4), and the QBH fiber connector of the other end is inserted into the QBH fiber connector at the top of the laser processing head.
2. The high coupling efficiency fiber laser tuning device of claim 1, wherein: the divergent light emitted by the laser (1) passes through the collimating lens group (2) to form collimated parallel light, then the collimated parallel light is reflected into the coupling lens group (4) through the 45-degree reflecting mirror (3), and the collimated parallel light is focused into the double-head QBH optical fiber connector (5) through the coupling lens group (4).
3. The high coupling efficiency fiber laser tuning device of claim 1, wherein: the light source is of a different colour than the collimator (7).
4. The high coupling efficiency fiber laser tuning device of claim 1, wherein: the observation lens group (6) comprises a triangular prism (61) for steering the light beam reflected by the 45-degree reflecting mirror (3), a zoom lens group (62) with adjustable focal length, a focusing lens (63), a reticle (64) and an eyepiece (65) capable of moving axially.
5. The high coupling efficiency fiber laser tuning device of claim 4, wherein: the magnification of the observation lens group (6) is 4-8 times, and the axial adjusting range of the ocular lens (65) is more than or equal to 15mm.
6. The high coupling efficiency fiber laser tuning device of claim 1, wherein: one surface of the 45-degree reflecting mirror (3) is plated with a laser reflecting film, and the other surface is a quartz polished surface; one surface of the 45-degree reflecting mirror (3) plated with the laser reflecting film is arranged towards the laser (1) and the coupling mirror group (4); the quartz polishing surface of the 45 DEG reflecting mirror (3) is arranged towards the collimator (7).
7. A fiber laser debugging method with high coupling efficiency is characterized in that: which comprises the following steps:
1) A coupling mirror group (4) is arranged at the virtual focus position of a double-head QBH optical fiber connector (5), a 45-degree reflecting mirror (3) is coaxially arranged above the coupling mirror group (4), an observation mirror group (6) is arranged on a horizontal light path reflected by the 45-degree reflecting mirror (3), one end connector of the double-head QBH optical fiber connector (5) is inserted into a QBH optical fiber connector at the top of a laser processing head, the QBH optical fiber connector at the other end is coaxially arranged with the coupling mirror group (4), a light source is arranged at the focus position of the laser processing head, a laser (1) and the coupling mirror group (4) are arranged on the same side of the 45-degree reflecting mirror (3) and are distributed at 90 degrees, and a collimating mirror group (2) is arranged between the laser (1) and the 45-degree reflecting mirror (3);
2) Adjusting a zoom lens group and an eyepiece in the observation lens group (6) so that a first round light spot formed by the fiber core end face of the double-end QBH fiber connector (5) illuminated by a light source is positioned at the center of a division plate in the observation lens group (6);
3) A collimator (7) is coaxially arranged on the other side of the 45-degree reflecting mirror (3) and the coupling mirror group (4);
4) Adjusting a zoom lens group and an eyepiece in the observation lens group (6) to enable a second round light spot formed by reflection of the crystal head end surface of the double-head QBH optical fiber connector (5) to form a clear image;
5) Adjusting the position and the angle of the coupling lens group (4) so that the first circular light spot and the second circular light spot are positioned at the right center of the dividing plate in the observation lens group (6);
6) Correcting the axial position of the coupling lens group (4) to be positioned at the virtual focus position of the double-head QBH optical fiber connector (5).
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| CN112630904A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-09 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | Laser coupling debugging device and laser coupling debugging method |
| CN112965182B (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2023-04-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | System and method for realizing automatic alignment coupling of multi-focus array and multi-core optical fiber |
| CN113084376B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-04-12 | 华中科技大学 | Laser processing method for realizing dynamic adjustment of laser spots |
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