CN213122366U - Large divergence angle laser coupling single mode fiber device - Google Patents
Large divergence angle laser coupling single mode fiber device Download PDFInfo
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- CN213122366U CN213122366U CN202021528663.8U CN202021528663U CN213122366U CN 213122366 U CN213122366 U CN 213122366U CN 202021528663 U CN202021528663 U CN 202021528663U CN 213122366 U CN213122366 U CN 213122366U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a simple structure, small and resources are saved's big divergence angle laser coupling single mode fiber's device and method. In the utility model, the light emitted by the laser is collimated by the collimating mirror and then divided into the transmission light and the reflection light by the beam splitter prism; after the reflected light rays are incident to the angular cone prism, the reflected light rays are absorbed by the industrial camera and form a reference light spot; the transmission light split by the beam splitter prism enters the microscope objective, and is incident into the optical fiber after being converged, the coupling end surface of the optical fiber reflects part of the incident light, and the part of the reflected light returns to the beam splitter prism along the original path, is reflected by the reflecting surface of the beam splitter prism, and is absorbed by the industrial camera to form a coupling light spot; when the coupling light spot and the reference light spot completely coincide, the optical fiber emitted by the laser is coupled into the optical fiber, otherwise, the pose of the optical fiber is adjusted until the coupling light spot and the reference light spot completely coincide. The utility model discloses can be applied to the optic fibre field.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an optic fibre field especially relates to a device of big divergence angle laser coupling single mode fiber.
Background
Optical fiber cable communication is the main transmission mode of modern communication transmission systems, and the development history of optical fiber cables is only one or two decades, and the optical fiber cables are upgraded three times: short wavelength multimode fiber optic cables, long wavelength multimode fiber optic cables, and long wavelength single mode fiber optic cables. The optical fiber communication technology, as a brand-new information transmission technology, has become a main communication mode of modern communication, almost replaces the traditional copper cable communication technology, plays a very important role in modern information networks, is applied in various fields and industries at present, becomes an important means for improving the communication quality and efficiency, and promotes the revolution of human science and technology. The adoption of optical fiber cable communication is a great revolution on communication transmission systems, and the optical fiber cable communication in China is already in practical use at present. With the rapid development of social economy in China, the optical fiber communication technology in China achieves very important achievement, the communication efficiency between people is promoted to be comprehensively improved, and the comprehensive development of modernization, intellectualization and automation technology can be guaranteed. In addition, there have been several countries that have announced that copper cable communication lines are no longer being constructed, and that efforts are being made to develop fiber optic cable communications.
The optical fiber communication has the advantages of large communication capacity, low loss, long transmission distance, strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability and the like. The optical fiber can be classified into a single mode optical fiber and a multimode optical fiber according to the transmission mode of light in the optical fiber. Multimode Fiber (Multi Mode Fiber): the central glass core is relatively thick (50 or 62.5 μm) and can transmit multiple modes of light. However, the intermodal dispersion is large, which limits the frequency of the transmitted digital signal and is more severe with increasing distance. For example: a600 MB/KM fiber has a bandwidth of only 300MB at 2 KM. Thus, multimode fibers are relatively close in transmission distance, typically only a few kilometers. Single Mode Fiber (Single Mode Fiber): the central glass core is very thin (core diameter is typically 9 or 10 μm) and can only transmit one mode of light. Therefore, the dispersion between the modes is very small, and the optical fiber is suitable for remote communication, and because the single-mode optical fiber has good optical transmission characteristics and most optical devices are based on the single-mode optical fiber, more and more scenes are used for the single-mode optical fiber. In practical applications, coupling free space light emitted by a laser into an optical fiber is one of the most critical steps, the coupling efficiency determines the amount of energy at the output end of the optical fiber, and since the core diameter of a single-mode optical fiber is narrow, how to couple as much light emitted by the laser into the optical fiber as possible becomes a great difficulty. When coupling, the following points need to be taken into account to ensure that the laser light emitted by the laser completely enters the optical fiber: 1. the cone angle of the laser beam is less than the maximum acceptance angle of the fiber, otherwise total reflection is not satisfied and the loss is large. 2. The laser beam is perpendicular to the fiber end face. 3. The fiber-optic endface is cleaned. 4. The laser beam is preferably concentric with the end face of the fiber. 5. The laser facula is smaller than the diameter of the optical fiber core.
Currently conventional coupling methods include galvanometer scanning and auto-collimation. The galvanometer scanning method is characterized in that the accurate position of a light spot on the end face of an optical fiber is found in a scanning mode, the optical fiber is fixed on piezoelectric ceramics, the end face of the optical fiber is controlled by driving the two-dimensional piezoelectric ceramics, and the voltage applied to the piezoelectric ceramics enables the piezoelectric ceramics to move within a micron order, so that the optical fiber is driven to change the position of the optical fiber, the space light-optical fiber coupling automatic alignment is realized by combining a simulated annealing algorithm, and the optimal coupling point is automatically found by positioning. However, in the process, a control system for alignment, namely two-dimensional piezoelectric ceramics, a feedback system and a control algorithm, is required, the voltage is obtained by a photoelectric detector and is used as an evaluation index to feed back the voltage in real time, the two-dimensional piezoelectric ceramics are further driven, a set of complete photoelectric closed-loop control system is formed, the process is complicated, the algorithm has high requirements, a whole set of system needs to be additionally developed, and the existing resources cannot be integrated. The circuit noise also affects the accuracy of the alignment.
Patent document CN 108663758A proposes a technique for collimating laser light by a collimator to enable relatively precise laser light coupling. However, the technical scheme has extremely high requirements on the processing of instruments, the focal length of the collimator tube reaches 5m, the size of the whole device is more than 5m, equipment for auxiliary alignment needs to be left in a coupling light path after the equipment is used, and the equipment is wasted. So that it is difficult to apply to the industrial field. And it is only suitable for coupling quasi-parallel light emitted from a laser and cannot be applied to laser light of a large divergence angle emitted from a semiconductor chip.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that overcome prior art not enough, provide a simple structure, small, be suitable for the laser source of multiple angle of divergence and resources are saved's big angle of divergence laser coupling single mode fiber's device.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: the optical fiber coupling device comprises a laser to be coupled into an optical fiber and having a large divergence angle, and further comprises a collimating mirror, a beam splitter prism and a microscope objective which are sequentially arranged on an optical axis of the laser, wherein a coupling end face of the optical fiber is arranged on a focus of the microscope objective, a light emitting face of the laser is arranged on an object space focus of the collimating mirror, the beam splitter prism is arranged on an emergent light path of the collimating mirror, the microscope objective is arranged on a light transmitting light path of the beam splitter prism, a pyramid prism is arranged on an emergent light path of reflected light of the beam splitter prism, and an industrial camera is further arranged on the other side of the beam splitter prism and on a reflected light path of the pyramid prism.
The technical scheme shows that the laser emits laser, the laser is collimated by the collimating mirror and then becomes parallel light beams parallel to the optical axis of the laser, the parallel light beams are divided into transmission light and reflection light by the beam splitter prism, the reflection light enters the pyramid prism after being reflected by the beam splitter prism, returns back along the original path after being reflected, and is absorbed by the industrial camera after being transmitted by the beam splitter prism to form a reference light spot; the other path of transmitted light beam of the beam splitter prism directly reaches a microscope objective arranged at a far end, the light beam reaches the end face of an optical fiber after being converged by the microscope objective, most of the light is coupled to the optical fiber, but a small part of the light is reflected at the end face of the optical fiber, the reflected part of the light returns according to the original path, the light beam reaches the beam splitter prism and is reflected by a reflecting surface and then received by the industrial camera, a coupling light spot is formed in the industrial camera, the coupling light spot is adjusted to be coincident with a reference light spot, the coupling end face alignment of the laser and the optical fiber is determined to be consistent, the light beam emitted by the laser is coupled into the optical fiber, and in the process, the applied collimating mirror, the beam splitter prism, the pyramid prism, the industrial camera, the microscope objective and the like are all conventional components without additional customization, and the cost is greatly saved; the debugging is simple, the weight and the volume of the element are small, the manual adjusting machine can be made, and the space is reserved for the automation of the whole equipment; compared with the collimator which is expensive and huge in size, the volume and the cost of the device are greatly reduced; the utility model discloses utilize the beam splitting prism to draw forth a branch of reference light, as the evaluation standard in the middle of the debugging, when debugging this evaluation standard has been regarded as the reference foundation, as long as judge whether the coupling light facula that the light that the fiber end face reflects back formed coincides with the reference light facula, can judge fast that the laser beam coupling gets into optic fibre, compare with the mode that traditional approach found the position that the energy is the biggest in a great regional point-by-point scanning, the utility model discloses simple structure, and the coupling process is quick, has promoted the operating efficiency greatly; in addition, the arrangement of the collimating mirror can collimate the light beam emitted by the laser with a large divergence angle, and the collimated light can meet the transmission and reflection requirements of the beam splitter prism, so that the subsequent laser coupling is guaranteed.
Further, the collimating lens is a non-spherical lens, an antireflection film matched with the wavelength of laser emitted by the laser is arranged on a light transmitting surface, and the vertical deviation between the collimating lens and the optical axis of the laser is less than 5 ". Therefore, the aspheric lens is used as the collimating lens, and has a better curvature radius, so that good aberration correction can be maintained to obtain the required performance, and the aspheric lens can bring more excellent sharpness and higher resolution, and provide a better environment for the laser coupling optical fiber; the antireflection film further reduces the generation of stray light, avoids adverse effects on a coupling result, and ensures that the coupling precision can be ensured by the vertical deviation between the collimating mirror and the optical axis of the laser.
Still further, the beam splitter prism is a beam splitter, and the reflection-transmission ratio R: T of the beam splitter prism is 10: 90-50: 50. Therefore, the beam splitter is used as a beam splitter prism, the requirements of generating reflected light and transmitted light can be met, and the beam splitter is used as a conventional optical lens, so that the cost is greatly reduced compared with the existing collimator with high price and huge size; the range of the reflection transmittance of the beam splitter can be selected, so that the coupling requirements of the laser with different wavelengths can be met.
Still further, an antireflection film adapted to the wavelength of the laser light emitted by the laser is disposed on an incident surface of the corner cube, and a vertical deviation between optical axes of the corner cube and the laser is less than 5 ″. Therefore, the arrangement of the antireflection film also reduces the increase of stray light at the corner cube prism, and ensures the accuracy of reference light spots obtained by an industrial camera; meanwhile, the coupling precision can be guaranteed by guaranteeing the vertical deviation between the pyramid prism and the optical axis of the laser.
Still further, the numerical aperture of the light converged by the microscope objective is less than or equal to the numerical aperture of the optical fiber. Therefore, the light rays converged by the microscope objective can be completely coupled into the optical fiber, and the coupling quality is ensured.
In addition, the micro objective is an infrared objective, and the optical fiber is an FC/PC interface optical fiber or a bare fiber. Therefore, the infrared objective lens serving as the microscope objective lens can meet the convergence effect on laser rays and ensure the smooth proceeding of coupling; the selection of optic fibre can have the multiple, marks the utility model discloses have the commonality, all can satisfy the coupling requirement to the optic fibre of difference.
Further, the reflection transmittance R: T of the light splitting prism is 10: 90. It follows that selecting a lower reflectance to transmittance can ensure the final coupling efficiency of the fiber.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic of the laser;
FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of the laser in cooperation with the collimating mirror;
FIG. 3 is a simplified schematic of the optical path for forming the reference light spot;
fig. 4 is a simple schematic diagram of the coupling light path of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in fig. 1 to 4.
A laser 1 to be coupled into an optical fibre is shown in figure 1, the laser having a divergence angle of 2 theta and the dotted line representing the optical axis.
As shown in FIG. 2, the light emitting surface of the laser 1 is placed at the object focus of the collimator lens 2, and the focal length of the collimator lens 2 is f1The wave aberration RMS value should be less than 1/10 λ, where λ is the wavelength of incident light, in this embodiment, a non-spherical lens is used, the light-passing surface needs to be plated with an anti-reflection film adapted to the working wavelength, and the effective light-passing aperture D needs to satisfy: d is more than or equal to 2f1Tan θ. After being collimated by the collimating lens, the laser becomes parallel light parallel to the optical axis, and the diameter d of the light spot is d =2 ƒ1Tan θ. In this embodiment, the collimating lens is an aspheric lens with a focal length of 10 mm. If the light emitting center of the laser 1 is not at the focus of the collimating mirror, but at a certain point of the focal plane perpendicular to the optical axis, and the distance between the point and the focus is a, the light emitted by the laser 1 and the optical axis form parallel light with a certain included angle, where the included angle is
=arctan(A/f1)。
As shown in fig. 3, the collimated laser beam is divided into two paths of transmitted and reflected light by the beam splitter prism 3, and in order to reduce the influence on the coupling efficiency as much as possible, the reflection ratio of the beam splitter prism should be as small as possible, and the beam splitter prism with the reflection-transmission ratio of R: T =10:90 is selected in this embodiment. For convenience of adjustment, the beam splitter of 25.4mm is selected in the present embodiment. The pyramid prism arranged in the outgoing direction of the reflected light from the beam splitter prism has the function of returning the incident light beam perpendicular to the normal line by the same return path as the incident light beam. Therefore, the authenticity and consistency of the reference light spot formed after the industrial camera receives the light are ensured.
In order to reduce stray light, the incidence surfaces of the beam splitter prism and the pyramid prism need to be plated with an antireflection film which is adaptive to the wavelength of the laser. The smoothness of the beam splitter prism and the pyramid prism is not lower than the American military standard 40/20 or the Chinese national standard III grade. To ensure the coupling precision, the precision error of the pyramid and the splitting prism is less than 5 ".
Fig. 3 shows that the reflected light having passed through the beam splitter prism is reflected by the corner cube 4, and then returned to the camera 5. The path of light is defined as reference light, and a light spot formed on the lens of the industrial camera corresponding to the reference light is called a reference light spot.
In this embodiment, it is assumed that the light emitting area of the laser is S1Dimension S at camera image plane2，S1/S2=f1/f2Wherein f is2Is the focal length of the camera lens. The incidence plane of the beam splitter prism should be perpendicular to the laser axis, assuming that the error angle is γ. The half field angle of the industrial camera 5 needs to meet the requirement that beta is more than or equal to gamma + by combining the possible installation errors of the collimating lens and the beam splitting prism
. The size B of the target surface of the camera detector depends on the field range and the focal length f of the lens2：B≥2*f2Tan β. In this embodiment, the size of the target surface of the camera is 16 mm. And the picture element aIs dependent on the focal length f of the lens according to the accuracy requirements2Focal length f from collimating lens1The pixel equivalent should be: b = a f1/f2. It can be seen from the formula that the smaller the pixel, the longer the focal length of the camera lens, and the higher the precision, the focal length of the industrial lens selected in this embodiment is 75mm, and the size of the camera pixel is 3.1 μm.
As shown in fig. 4, the collimated laser beam transmitted by the splitting prism is converged by the microscope objective 6, the coupling end surface of the optical fiber 7 is disposed at the focal point of the microscope objective 6, and since the optical fiber end surface is a plane, about 4% of the laser beam is reflected by the optical fiber end surface and returns along the original path, enters the splitting prism, is reflected by the reflecting surface and received by the industrial camera 5, and the path of laser beam is defined as coupled laser beam, and a light spot formed on the lens is called a coupled light spot. Furthermore, the operating band of the microscope objective needs to be adapted to the spectral range of the laser. Numerical aperture NA of the light collected by the microscope objective 6LaserNot larger than the numerical aperture NA of the optical fiberOptical fiber. The numerical aperture of the single-mode fiber is small, wherein the NALaser= d/（2*fObjective lens). The NA of the optical fiber used in this example was 0.15. In this embodiment, the aperture d of the light spot is 1mm, the focal length of the objective lens is 4mm, and then NALaser= 1/(2 × 4) = 0.125. In order to ensure high transmittance and beam quality, an objective lens matched with the laser wavelength should be selected, and an infrared objective lens is used in this embodiment. The laser wavelength used in this embodiment is 850nm, and an appropriate infrared objective lens or visible light objective lens can be selected according to the wavelength of the coupled light. For convenient debugging, an infinite objective lens can be selected, and in the embodiment, an objective lens with a working distance of 20.3mm, a focal length of 4mm and a magnification of 50X is adopted.
For convenience of fixing and holding, the FC/PC interface fiber is adopted in the embodiment, and a bare fiber can be selected.
As shown in fig. 4, light emitted from the laser 1 is collimated by the collimator lens 2, and then divided into transmission light and reflection light by the beam splitter prism 3. After the reflected light enters the corner cube prism 4, the reflected light is absorbed by the industrial camera 5 and forms a reference light spot. The transmitted light split by the beam splitter prism 3 enters the microscope objective 6, and is incident into the optical fiber 7 after being converged, the coupling end surface of the optical fiber 7 reflects a part of the incident light, and the part of the reflected light returns to the beam splitter prism 3 along the original path, and is reflected by the reflecting surface of the beam splitter prism 3 and then absorbed by the industrial camera 5 to form a coupled light spot. Two light spots are generated on the camera, one is a reference light spot formed by reflection of the corner cube prism, and the other is a coupling light spot reflected by the optical fiber. In order to distinguish the two light spots, the light path corresponding to the light spot can be determined by adding a blocking object in the light path. When the coupling light spot and the reference light spot are completely coincident, judging that the optical fiber emitted by the laser 1 is coupled into the optical fiber 7; otherwise, the pose of the optical fiber 7 is adjusted, the coupled light spot can be seen to move in the camera, and when the position of the coupled light spot is adjusted to coincide with that of the reference light spot, the laser emitted by the laser enters the optical fiber.
The utility model discloses the adjusting device who adopts is convenient easy, and the spare part that chooses for use is whole to be conventional components and parts, does not need extra customization, has practiced thrift the cost greatly. The debugging method is simple and convenient, the weight and the volume of the element are small, and the manual adjusting machine can be made into a manual adjusting machine table and reserve space for the automation of the whole equipment.
The utility model discloses it is easy and simple to handle, simple structure, it is small, be suitable for the multiple laser source who diverges the angle, utilize the equipment of the extensive volume production of ripe to build the autocollimator equipment that is used for supplementary counterpoint equipment, can be convenient remove equipment after accomplishing optical fiber coupling, can not cause the loss of energy because of counterpoint equipment's existence.
Claims (7)
1. A device for large divergence angle laser coupling of single mode optical fibers, comprising a laser (1) to be coupled into an optical fiber (7) and having a large divergence angle, characterized in that: it is still including setting gradually on the optical axis of laser instrument (1) collimating mirror (2), beam splitter prism (3) and micro objective (6), the coupling terminal surface of optic fibre (7) set up in on the focus of micro objective (6), the light emitting area of laser instrument (1) set up in the object side focus department of collimating mirror (2), beam splitter prism (3) set up on the emergent light path of collimating mirror (2), micro objective (6) set up on the printing opacity light path of beam splitter prism (3) be provided with pyramid prism (4) on the emergent light path of the reverberation of beam splitter prism (3) the opposite side of beam splitter prism (3) just is located the reflection light path of pyramid prism (4) still is provided with industrial camera (5).
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the collimating lens (2) is a non-spherical lens, an antireflection film matched with the wavelength of laser emitted by the laser (1) is arranged on a light transmitting surface, and the vertical deviation between the collimating lens (2) and the optical axis of the laser (1) is less than 5'.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the beam splitter prism (3) is a beam splitter, and the reflection-transmission ratio R: T of the beam splitter prism (3) ranges from 10:90 to 50: 50.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: an antireflection film matched with the wavelength of laser emitted by the laser (1) is arranged on the incident surface of the pyramid prism (4), and the vertical deviation between the optical axes of the pyramid prism (4) and the laser (1) is less than 5'.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the numerical aperture of the light rays converged by the microscope objective (6) is less than or equal to the numerical aperture of the optical fiber (7).
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the microscope objective (6) is an infrared objective, and the optical fiber (7) is an FC/PC interface optical fiber or a bare fiber.
7. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the reflection-transmission ratio R: T of the light splitting prism (3) is 10: 90.
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| CN2019214268911 | 2019-08-30 | ||
| CN201921426891 | 2019-08-30 |
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| CN213122366U true CN213122366U (en) | 2021-05-04 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111708133A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2020-09-25 | 珠海长园达明智能科技有限公司 | Device and method for coupling single-mode optical fiber by laser with large divergence angle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111708133A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2020-09-25 | 珠海长园达明智能科技有限公司 | Device and method for coupling single-mode optical fiber by laser with large divergence angle |
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Effective date of registration: 20220906 Address after: 519000 type B plant in Xinqing Science and Technology Industrial Park, Doumen District, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION (ZHUHAI) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 519000 unit 1, floor 3, exhibition center, No. 1, Software Park Road, Tangjiawan Town, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: ZHUHAI DAMING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |