CN107727368B - Device and method for calibrating focal plane position of collimator - Google Patents
Device and method for calibrating focal plane position of collimator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for calibrating focal plane positions of a collimator, which are based on a Beam splitting function of a Beam Splitter, and a Beam analyzer and an optical fiber end face are fixed on two sides of the Beam Splitter at equal distances so as to form a focal plane module integrating fixed transceiver. The focal plane module is placed near the focal plane of the collimator, and the focal plane module integrating receiving and transmitting is integrally regulated by utilizing the assistance of the plane mirror, so that the echo light spot of the reflecting mirror is minimum, and the end face of the optical fiber and the photosensitive surface of the beam analyzer are both positioned at the focal plane position of the collimator. The invention is suitable for the focal plane calibration of any collimator, has simple operation and low price, and can be used in the fields of optical axis registration, divergence angle test and the like of the whole machine after the collimator is combined with the focal plane module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical detection, and particularly relates to a device and a method for calibrating the focal plane position of a collimator, which have the advantages of simple structure, low cost, simple, convenient and quick operation matched with computer-fixed test software, and are particularly suitable for calibrating the focal plane position of the collimator under various conditions; the invention can be better applied to the optical axis registration field of the active and passive optical system transceiver.
Background
The laser remote sensing system is an active modern photoelectric remote sensing device, and is a traditional extension of a radio or microwave radar (radar) to an optical frequency band. In the aerospace remote sensing, the laser is favored by the excellent characteristics of high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, good monochromaticity, all weather and the like, and has wide application in the fields of earth science and planetary science. The laser remote sensing system developed at home and abroad mainly comprises a laser altimeter, a laser range finder, a laser radar and the like. Because of the shortening of the detection wavelength and the enhancement of the directivity, the space and time resolving power of the system are greatly improved, and the system has wide application and intensive research in the aspects of military, aerospace, earth mapping, engineering construction and the like.
For a laser remote sensing system, the optical axis registration degree is one of key technical indexes of an instrument, and the change of the optical axis registration degree directly affects the detection capability of the system, so that standard instruments or equipment are required to test the system, and the change condition is calibrated in time. With the expansion of the application range and the improvement of the application requirements of various optical instruments, the requirements on the stability and the optical axis registration precision of the optical instruments are also higher and higher requirements on the ground calibration and the performance test of the optical instruments are also put forward. In practical engineering application, the collimator is widely applied to detection of various optical indexes, including optical axis test and calibration, and is important to accurate calibration of the focal plane of the collimator in high-precision registration test.
The collimator is used as a conventional optical index detection device, and the accurate calibration of the focal plane directly influences the detection accuracy of the optical axis. The invention is based on the Beam splitting function of the Beam Splitter (Beam Splitter), and the Beam analyzer and the end face of the optical fiber are equidistantly fixed on two sides of the Beam Splitter (Beam Splitter), so that a focal plane module integrating fixed transceiver is formed. The focal plane module is placed near the focal plane of the collimator, and the focal plane module integrating receiving and transmitting is integrally regulated by utilizing the assistance of the plane mirror, so that the echo light spot of the reflecting mirror is minimum, and the end face of the optical fiber and the photosensitive surface of the beam analyzer are both positioned at the focal plane position of the collimator. The invention is suitable for the focal plane calibration of the collimator in any environment, has simple operation and low cost, and can be used in the fields of optical axis registration, divergence angle test and the like of the whole machine after the collimator is combined with the focal plane module.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for calibrating the focal plane position of a collimator. The invention is based on the Beam splitting function of a Beam Splitter (Beam Splitter), and the Beam analyzer and the end face of an optical fiber are equidistantly fixed on two sides of the Beam Splitter (Beam Splitter), so that a focal plane module integrating fixed transceiver is formed. And then the plane mirror is used for assisting to integrally adjust the receiving and transmitting integrated focal plane module, the receiving and transmitting integrated focal plane module is placed near the focal plane of the collimator, the plane mirror is adjusted to enable the reflection echo light spot to be imaged on the beam analyzer, the receiving and transmitting integrated focal plane module is adjusted back and forth along the focal plane to enable the imaging light spot to be minimum, and at the moment, the optical fiber end face and the photosensitive surface of the beam analyzer are both positioned at the focal plane position of the collimator. The invention is suitable for the focal plane calibration of any collimator, has simple operation and low price, and can be used in the fields of optical axis registration, divergence angle test and the like of the whole machine after the collimator is combined with a focal plane module
The detection device of the method is shown in the accompanying figure 1: the device consists of a measured parallel light pipe 1, a focal plane module 2 integrating receiving and transmitting, a pyramid prism 3 and a plane reflecting mirror 4. The focal plane module 2 integrating the receiving and the transmitting consists of a spectroscope 2-1, a light beam analyzer 2-2 with a computer and a laser 2-3 with replaceable optical fibers; the beam analyzer 2-2 with a computer and the laser 2-3 with a replaceable optical fiber are fixed on two sides of the spectroscope 2-1 at equal distance, the beam analyzer 2-2 with the computer is used for receiving signals converged by the collimator, the laser 2-3 with the replaceable optical fiber introduces optical signals, and the optical signals generate emitted parallel light after passing through the tested collimator 1 and are used for generating parallel light sources; the computer in the beam analyser 2-2 with the computer is used to observe the position of the imaging spot on the beam analyser.
The focal plane module 2 integrating receiving and transmitting is arranged on the focal plane of the collimator 1, the plane reflector 4 is arranged in front of the collimator 1, and the azimuth and the pitching angle of the plane reflector 4 are adjusted, so that the emergent light of the laser 2-3 with the replaceable optical fiber is collimated by the collimator 1 and then is self-collimated by the plane reflector 4 on the photosensitive plane of the beam analyzer 2-2 with a computer;
light emitted by a laser 2-3 with an exchangeable optical fiber at the focus of the collimator 1 enters the collimator 1 through a spectroscope 2-1, and then travels parallel light to the cube-corner prism 3 to return to the collimator 1 in an original path, and is reflected to a beam analyzer 2-2 with a computer through the spectroscope 2-1.
The focal plane module 2 integrating the receiving and the transmitting consists of a spectroscope 2-1, a light beam analyzer 2-2 with a computer and a laser 2-3 with replaceable optical fibers;
the beam analyzer 2-2 with a computer and the laser 2-3 with a replaceable optical fiber are fixed on two sides of the spectroscope 2-1 at equal distance, the beam analyzer 2-2 with the computer is used for receiving signals converged by the collimator, the laser 2-3 with the replaceable optical fiber introduces optical signals, and the optical signals generate emitted parallel light after passing through the tested collimator 1 and are used for generating parallel light sources; a computer with a computerized beam analyser 2-2 is used to observe the position of the imaging spot on the beam analyser.
The spectrum range of the spectroscope 2-1 needs to cover the wavelength of the fiber laser; the ratio of the beam splitter 2-1 to the used wavelength is between 4:6 and 6:4, the surface shape deviation RMS value of the light passing surface is smaller than that of the light passing surface.
The rotation precision of the pyramid prism 3 is less than 3'.
The surface of the plane reflecting mirror 4 is plated with a metal film, the surface shape deviation RMS value is smaller than that of the plane reflecting mirror 4, and the caliber of the plane reflecting mirror is not smaller than that of the collimator.
In the device, the focal plane calibration method of the collimator can be assisted by utilizing the plane reflector 4 and the focal plane module 2 integrating receiving and transmitting, and comprises the following steps:
1) Receiving and transmitting integrated focal plane module 2 assembly
● The designed structure is utilized to preliminarily fix a beam analyzer 2-2 with a computer for receiving signals and a laser 2-3 with a replaceable optical fiber on two sides of a spectroscope 2-1, and the adjustment of a focal plane module 2 integrating receiving and transmitting is preliminarily completed;
● Placing a focal plane module 2 integrating the primary completion of receiving and transmitting into a position near the focal plane of the collimator 1, starting a laser 2-3 with replaceable optical fibers, placing a pyramid prism 3 in front of the collimator 1, and observing the position of a turning light spot of the pyramid prism 3 on the beam analyzer 2-2 with a computer through the beam analyzer 2-2 with the computer;
● The pyramid prism 3 is placed at different positions in front of the collimator 1, whether the revolving light spot of the pyramid prism 3 changes at the position of the beam analyzer 2-2 with a computer is observed, and if the position changes, the distance from the optical fiber end face of the laser 2-3 with the replaceable optical fiber to the center of the spectroscope 2-1 is adjusted
● Through repeated adjustment, the echo light spot positions of the pyramid prism 3 are unchanged at different outlet positions of the collimator 1, at the moment, the optical fiber end faces of the lasers 2-3 with replaceable optical fibers and the photosensitive surfaces of the beam analyzers 2-2 with computers are distributed on two sides of the spectroscope 2-1 at equal intervals, and adjustment of the focal surface modules 2 integrating receiving and transmitting is completed. The maximum variation of the system is delta, and the receiving and transmitting coaxial precision of the system is as follows:
wherein: the parameter u is the relative position (in um) of the image point on the beam analyser, and f is the focal length (in m) of the collimator.
2) Focal plane calibration of collimator 1
● The focal plane module 2 integrating the transmission and the reception is initially placed near the focal plane of the collimator 1;
● Then the plane reflector 4 is placed in front of the collimator 1, and the azimuth and the pitching angle of the plane reflector 4 are adjusted, so that the emergent light of the laser 2-3 with the replaceable optical fiber is collimated by the collimator and then is self-collimated by the plane reflector 4 to the photosensitive surface of the light beam analyzer 2-2 with a computer;
● The front and back positions of the focal plane module 2 with the integrated transceiver are adjusted near the focal plane of the collimator 1, the size of the light spot is observed by a computer of the beam analyzer 2-2 with the computer until the light spot is adjusted to be minimum, the focal plane module 2 with the integrated transceiver is fixed, and at the moment, the end face of the optical fiber of the laser 2-3 with the replaceable optical fiber and the photosensitive surface of the beam analyzer 2-2 with the computer are both the focal plane positions of the collimator 1 to be measured.
The invention is characterized in that:
1) The receiving and transmitting integrated focal plane module self-checking method is simple, high in measuring precision and low in cost.
2) The manufacturing method of the focal plane module integrating receiving and transmitting is simple to operate and easy to learn, and is matched with computer software to operate and understand.
3) The invention can realize detection of different systems by changing the wavelength of a single-mode fiber, can also measure the relation between reference mirrors by a collimator, and can also provide the variable quantity of devices for environmental test.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a focal plane module 2 integrating transmission and reception.
Detailed Description
Examples of the implementation of the method according to the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The main devices employed in the present invention are described below:
1) Collimator 1: the caliber of the telescope is 400mm, the focal length of the telescope is 4m, and the requirement of the parabolic surface RMS is better than 1/20λ@632.8nm by adopting a reflection collimator which is processed normally.
2) The receiving and transmitting integrated focal plane module 2 is characterized in that a spectroscope 2-1 adopts a non-polarized beam splitter prism with a structure of a belt of Thorlabs company and model BS017, and main performance parameters thereof are as follows: the working wave band is 700-1100nm, and the spectral ratio is 1:1, the aperture of the light transmission is 20mm; the beam analyzer with computer 2-2 adopts a beam analyzer with SP620 of the American Spiricon company, and the main performance parameters are as follows: the working wave band is 190nm-1100nm, the pixel size is 4.4um by 4.4um, and the number of pixels is 1600 by 1200; the computer is a common notebook computer; the optical fiber flange in the optical fiber replaceable laser 2-3 adopts a common optical fiber flange of Thorlabs company; the single mode fiber adopts a single mode fiber with the model of SM600 of Thorlabs, and the main performance parameters are as follows: the working wave band is 600-800nm; the diameter of the optical fiber mode field is 4.6um@680nm, the core diameter of the cladding is 125+/-1 um, and the cut-off wavelength is 550+/-50 nm; the fiber laser adopts a laser diode of the model of LPS-PM635-FC of Thorlabs, and the main performance parameters are as follows: the laser wavelength is 635nm, and the adjustable optical power range is 1uw-10mw.
3) Cube corner prism 3: the pyramid prism with the model PS971 of Thorlabs is adopted, and the main performance parameters are as follows: the surface shape of the light-transmitting surface is better than lambda/10@632.8nm; the rotation precision is less than 3', the light transmission caliber is 25.4mm, and the light transmission range is 400-1100.
4) Plane mirror 4: the customized standard plane mirror is adopted, and the main performance parameters are as follows: the surface shape is better than lambda/40@632.8nm, the surface is plated with silver film, and the light-transmitting caliber of the plane mirror is 400mm.
In the specific embodiment, the schematic diagram of the device of the invention is shown in FIG. 1, and the specific steps are as follows
1) Receiving and transmitting integrated focal plane module 2 assembly
● The designed structure is utilized to preliminarily fix a beam analyzer 2-2 with a computer for receiving signals and a laser 2-3 with a replaceable optical fiber on two sides of a spectroscope 2-1, and the adjustment of a focal plane module 2 integrating receiving and transmitting is preliminarily completed;
● Placing a focal plane module 2 integrating the primary completion of receiving and transmitting into a position near the focal plane of the collimator 1, starting a laser 2-3 with replaceable optical fibers, placing a pyramid prism 3 in front of the collimator 1, and observing the position of a turning light spot of the pyramid prism 3 on the beam analyzer 2-2 with a computer through the beam analyzer 2-2 with the computer;
● The pyramid prism 3 is placed at different positions in front of the collimator 1, whether the revolving light spot of the pyramid prism 3 changes at the position of the beam analyzer 2-2 with a computer is observed, and if the position changes, the distance from the optical fiber end face of the laser 2-3 with the replaceable optical fiber to the center of the spectroscope 2-1 is adjusted
● Through repeated adjustment, the echo light spot positions of the pyramid prism 3 are unchanged at different outlet positions of the collimator 1, at the moment, the optical fiber end faces of the lasers 2-3 with replaceable optical fibers and the photosensitive surfaces of the beam analyzers 2-2 with computers are distributed on two sides of the spectroscope 2-1 at equal intervals, and adjustment of the focal surface modules 2 integrating receiving and transmitting is completed. The maximum variation of the system is delta, and the receiving and transmitting coaxial precision of the system is as follows:
wherein: the parameter u is the relative position (in um) of the image point on the beam analyser, and f is the focal length (in m) of the collimator.
2) Focal plane calibration of collimator 1
● The focal plane module 2 integrating the transmission and the reception is initially placed near the focal plane of the collimator 1;
● Then the plane reflector 4 is placed in front of the collimator 1, and the azimuth and the pitching angle of the plane reflector 4 are adjusted, so that the emergent light of the laser 2-3 with the replaceable optical fiber is collimated by the collimator and then is self-aligned to the photosensitive surface of the light beam analyzer 2-2 with a computer by the plane reflector 4;
● The front and back positions of the focal plane module 2 with the integrated transceiver are adjusted near the focal plane of the collimator 1, the size of the light spot is observed by a computer of the beam analyzer 2-2 with the computer until the light spot is adjusted to be minimum, the focal plane module 2 with the integrated transceiver is fixed, and at the moment, the end face of the optical fiber of the laser 2-3 with the replaceable optical fiber and the photosensitive surface of the beam analyzer 2-2 with the computer are both the focal plane positions of the collimator 1 to be measured.
Claims (1)
1. A focal plane position calibration method based on a calibration collimator focal plane position device comprises a measured collimator (1), a focal plane module (2) integrating receiving and transmitting, a pyramid prism (3) and a plane reflector (4); the focal plane module (2) integrating receiving and transmitting consists of a spectroscope (2-1), a light beam analyzer (2-2) with a computer and a laser (2-3) with replaceable optical fibers; the beam analyzer (2-2) with the computer and the laser (2-3) with the replaceable optical fiber are fixed on two sides of the spectroscope (2-1) equidistantly, the beam analyzer (2-2) with the computer is used for receiving signals converged by the collimator, the laser (2-3) with the replaceable optical fiber introduces optical signals, and the optical signals generate emitted parallel light after passing through the tested collimator (1) and are used for generating parallel light sources; a computer with a computer beam analyzer (2-2) for observing the position of the imaging light spot on the beam analyzer; the focal plane module (2) integrating receiving and transmitting is arranged on the focal plane of the collimator (1), the plane reflector (4) is arranged in front of the collimator (1), and the azimuth and the pitching angle of the plane reflector (4) are adjusted, so that the emergent light of the laser (2-3) with the replaceable optical fiber is collimated by the collimator (1) and then is autocollimated to the photosensitive plane of the beam analyzer (2-2) with a computer by the plane reflector (4); light emitted by a laser (2-3) with replaceable optical fibers at a focus of a collimator (1) enters the collimator (1) through a spectroscope (2-1) and then exits parallel light to a pyramid prism (3) to return to the collimator (1) in an original way, and then is reflected to a light beam analyzer (2-2) with a computer through the spectroscope (2-1); the method is characterized in that: the focal plane position calibration method comprises the following steps:
1) Receiving and transmitting integrated focal plane module (2) assembly
1-1) a beam analyzer (2-2) with a computer and a laser (2-3) with a replaceable optical fiber for receiving signals are preliminarily fixed on two sides of a spectroscope (2-1) by utilizing a designed structure, and adjustment of a focal plane module (2) integrating receiving and transmitting is preliminarily completed;
1-2) placing a focal plane module (2) which is integrated with the primary assembly and is used for receiving and transmitting, near the focal plane of the collimator (1), starting a laser (2-3) with a replaceable optical fiber, placing a pyramid prism (3) in front of the collimator (1), and observing the position of a rotary light spot of the pyramid prism (3) on the beam analyzer (2-2) with a computer through the beam analyzer (2-2) with the computer;
1-3) placing the pyramid prism (3) at different positions in front of the collimator (1), observing whether the position of a rotary light spot of the pyramid prism (3) changes in a beam analyzer (2-2) with a computer, and if the position changes, adjusting the distance from the optical fiber end face of a laser (2-3) with replaceable optical fibers to the center of a spectroscope (2-1);
1-4) through repeated adjustment, the rotation facula position of the pyramid prism (3) is unchanged when the pyramid prism (3) is at different outlet positions of the collimator (1), at the moment, the fiber end face of the laser (2-3) with the replaceable fiber and the photosensitive surface of the beam analyzer (2-2) with a computer are distributed on two sides of the spectroscope (2-1) at equal intervals, and the adjustment of the focal surface module (2) integrating receiving and transmitting is completed; the maximum variation of the system is delta, and the receiving and transmitting coaxial precision of the system is as follows:
wherein: the parameter u is the relative position of an image point on the beam analyzer, the unit is um, f is the focal length of the collimator (1), and the unit is m;
2) Focal plane calibration of collimator (1)
2-1) preliminarily placing the adjusted integrated receiving and transmitting focal plane module (2) near the focal plane of the collimator (1);
2-2) placing a plane reflecting mirror (4) in front of the collimator (1), and adjusting the azimuth and the pitching angle of the plane reflecting mirror (4) to enable the emergent light of the laser (2-3) with the replaceable optical fiber to be collimated by the collimator (1) and then to be autocollimated by the plane reflecting mirror (4) to a photosensitive surface of a light beam analyzer (2-2) with a computer;
2-3) adjusting the front and back positions of a focal plane module (2) integrating receiving and transmitting near the focal plane of the collimator (1), observing the size of an imaging light spot by a computer of a light beam analyzer (2-2) with a computer until the imaging light spot is adjusted to be minimum, fixing the focal plane module (2) integrating receiving and transmitting, and at the moment, the end face of the optical fiber of the laser (2-3) with the replaceable optical fiber and the photosensitive surface of the light beam analyzer (2-2) with the computer are both positioned at the focal plane position of the measured collimator (1).
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| CN110375962B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2024-05-31 | 中科院南京天文仪器有限公司 | Device and method for calibrating focal plane of optical system based on front-end cluster illumination |
| CN110487516B (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2024-05-10 | 南京英田光学工程股份有限公司 | Pyramid auto-collimation scanning device for focusing of collimator |
| CN116296290B (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2024-02-20 | 之江实验室 | Laser diffraction divergence angle detection method and device |
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