CN105929382B - A kind of coaxial fill-in light calibration device of the transmitting-receiving of active electro-optical system and method - Google Patents

A kind of coaxial fill-in light calibration device of the transmitting-receiving of active electro-optical system and method Download PDF

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CN105929382B
CN105929382B CN201610236579.0A CN201610236579A CN105929382B CN 105929382 B CN105929382 B CN 105929382B CN 201610236579 A CN201610236579 A CN 201610236579A CN 105929382 B CN105929382 B CN 105929382B
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light
optical fiber
single mode
receiving
laser
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CN105929382A (en
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吴金才
何志平
舒嵘
王建宇
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Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of CAS
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Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of CAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/497Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G01S7/4972Alignment of sensor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of coaxial fill-in light calibration device of the transmitting-receiving of active electro-optical system and method, during fill-in light school especially suitable for existing simultaneously transmitting and receiving optics, other light school fields such as calibration, the auxiliary optical axis registration of plane mirror normal are applied also for.Auto-collimation function of the invention based on prism of corner cube, two beam laser are adjusted to using the light splitting function of spectroscope (Beam Splitter) and are mutually 180 degree, the characteristics of 180 degree being mutually using two-beam, the echo of wherein a branch of optical analog reception is simultaneously registrated with receiving light path progress optical axis, another beam optical analog, which emits light and carries out optical axis with actual transmission light, to be registrated, to realize the coaxial dress school of transmitting-receiving light path.Apparatus of the present invention are of simple structure and low cost, scaling method is simple.

Description

A kind of coaxial fill-in light calibration device of the transmitting-receiving of active electro-optical system and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the performance test of laser active photoelectric instrument and fill-in light calibration device and methods, especially suitable for same When in the presence of transmitting and receiving optics auxiliary dress school during, apply also for calibration, the fill-in light of plane mirror normal Other light school fields such as axis registration.
Background technology
Laser remote sensing system is a kind of active modern photoelectric remote-sensing equipment, is traditional radio or microwave radar (radar) to the extension of optics frequency range.Due to the reinforcement of the shortening and directionality of detection wavelength used, the space of system, time Resolution capability is obtained for prodigious raising, suffers from military affairs, space flight, the earth mapping, engineering construction etc. and widely answers With and in-depth study.Wherein, on airborne and spaceborne RS, laser is with its high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, monochromaticjty are good, It is round-the-clock to wait good characteristics and receive favor, it has a wide range of applications in geoscience and planetary science field.At home and abroad The satellite borne laser remote sensing system of development includes mainly laser altimeter, laser range finder, laser radar etc., and laser remote sensing system can With accurately detecting space length value, can be applied not only to the detection of celestial body surface three dimension height number, can also be applied to pair Tracking, positioning and the navigation of extraterrestrial target.
Laser remote sensing system can be installed on the test platforms such as aircraft, satellite, it is mainly by laser emitting module, laser Receiving module and data processing module three parts composition.The laser that laser emitting module is launched is got to ground, ocean surface first On the detection target such as ice cube on, be then reflected back on the test platforms such as aircraft or satellite.Laser pick-off module receives To reflected optical signal, and convert it to as electric signal.Data processing module can be precisely measured out from Laser emission The time of laser is received to laser radar, and this period is exactly the transmission time of laser in an atmosphere.During this period of time, The stroke of laser walking be laser remote sensing system with detection target spacing from twice.With laser remote sensing system application range Expand and the raising of application demand, people are also higher and higher to detectivity and the system stability requirement of system, this is also to distant More stringent requirements are proposed for the ground calibration and test performance of sensing system.The detectivity index of laser remote sensing system includes mainly System range accuracy, investigative range (maximum ranging distance, minimum ranging), resolution of ranging and detection probability (false alarm rate, false dismissed rate). And the variation of optical axis registration is by the detectivity for the system that directly influences, this requires can have the instrument of standard or equipment can be right It is tested, and calibrates situation of change in time.The text of inquiry related laser remote sensing system calibration and measuring technology both at home and abroad It offers and is learnt with data, each laser remote sensing system that foreign countries are developed can all be equipped with a set of special test system, arrive this generation Discipline starts to use special universal test system;And domestic satellite borne laser remote sensing system is started late, existing at present is one A little test methods for being directed to airborne laser range finder, these test methods are concerned only with range capability test, and test item mostly Mesh is single, and without special molding test equipment, this cannot meet the needs of calibration active laser remote sensing system.
Prism of corner cube is as a kind of inner full-reflection prism according to the manufacture of critical angle principle, it is not by incidence angle size It influences, the arbitrary incident ray into clear aperature, which is efficiently pressed direction, to be returned.The present invention is based on the autocollimatics of prism of corner cube Two beam laser are adjusted to using the light splitting function of spectroscope (Beam Splitter) and are mutually 180 °, utilize two-beam by straight function The characteristics of being mutually 180 °, wherein a branch of optical analog receive echo and with receiving light path carry out optical axis be registrated, another beam optical analog Transmitting light is simultaneously registrated with actual transmission light progress optical axis, to realize the coaxial dress school of transmitting-receiving light path.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of coaxial fill-in light calibration device of transmitting-receiving of active electro-optical system and method, the inventions The characteristics of use of device, can meet the electro-optical system light school demand of coaxial and off-axis transmitting simultaneously, invention major embodiment :1) simple in structure, can testing auxiliary device at any time state, test method is simple;2) optical axis of different offsets can be met The depth of parallelism fills school and test, can also meet dress school and the test of type coaxial photoelectric system.
Apparatus of the present invention are as shown in Fig. 1:
First single mode optical fiber 1, the second single mode optical fiber 2 introduce laser light source respectively, and the first single mode optical fiber 1 introduces light through first The collimation outgoing of collimating mirror 3 enters parallel light tube 7 and is imaged on focal plane laser beam analyzer 8, remembered after being reflected using spectroscope 5 Record imaging point position;Second single mode optical fiber 2 introduces light and collimates outgoing through the second collimating mirror 4, using the reflection of spectroscope 5, pyramid Prism 6 enters parallel light tube 7 after original optical path return and is imaged on focal plane laser beam analyzer 8, adjusts the second collimating mirror 4 and makes The imaging point of two-beam overlaps, and completes the dress school of the device.Remove prism of corner cube 6, final first single mode optical fiber 1, the second single mode Optical fiber 2 introduces the exit direction of light into 180 degree, and the invention device is finally by the first single mode optical fiber 1, the second single mode optical fiber 2, first Collimating mirror 3 and the second collimating mirror 4, spectroscope 5 collectively constitute, and can be used for receiving and dispatching coaxial dress school.
Apparatus of the present invention can be used for the coaxial fill-in light school of transmitting-receiving of active electro-optical system and transmitting-receiving parallelism of optical axis measures, This method comprises the steps of:
1, fill-in light calibration device self-test
As shown in Fig. 1, the first single mode optical fiber 1, the second single mode optical fiber 2 introduce specified laser light source respectively, wherein the One single mode optical fiber 1 introduce light through the first collimating mirror 3, spectroscope 5 reflect, the second single mode optical fiber 2 introduce light through the second collimating mirror 4, After the reflection of spectroscope 5, prism of corner cube 6 turn to, spectroscope 5 transmits, two-beam converges at light at focal plane by parallel light tube 7 together On beam analysis instrument 8, finally whether imaging facula overlaps two beam laser of detection on laser beam analyzer, confirms and completes auxiliary after overlapping Light calibration device self-test, prism of corner cube 6 of dismantling.
2, analogue echo is registrated with optical axis is received
As shown in Fig. 2, by fill-in light calibration device (including the first single mode optical fiber 1, the second single mode optical fiber 2, the first collimating mirror 3, the second collimating mirror 4, spectroscope 5) it is positioned between receiving light path 10 and receiving telescope 11, it is whole to adjust fill-in light calibration device Body so that the first single mode optical fiber 1 introduces laser light source and emits along 11 0 visual field of receiving telescope, while making the second single mode optical fiber 2 introduce laser light source enters receiving light path 10, the second single mode after the second collimating mirror 4 collimation outgoing, using the reflection of spectroscope 5 It is analogue echo that optical fiber 2, which introduces laser, is docked with the receiving light path 10 of electro-optical system using the analogue echo, adjusting connects Light path 10 is received so that analogue echo detector reception signal maximum after receiving light path 10, completes analogue echo and receive optical axis Registration.
3, analog transmissions are registrated with Laser emission optical axis
First single mode optical fiber 1 introduces laser light source and collimates outgoing through the first collimating mirror 3, is reflected using spectroscope (5), should Reflected light is analog transmissions light, and the analog transmissions light and analogue echo optical axis are at 180 degree, i.e., coaxial between each other;Simulation hair Light is penetrated using emitting after beam-expanding system 11, and the direct paraxonic transmitting of the transmitting light of laser transmitting system 9, two beams, which emit light, to be passed through On 7 post-concentration of parallel light tube to the laser beam analyzer 8 of focal plane, laser transmitting system 9 is adjusted so that two imaging faculas overlap, complete It is registrated with analog transmissions optical axis at transmitting optical axis, auxiliary of dismantling dress calibration device, the transmitting-receiving for completing active electro-optical system is coaxially registrated.
4, auxiliary transmitting-receiving parallelism of optical axis measures
In step 3, before removing auxiliary dress calibration device, two beams transmitting light is tested respectively and is imaged on laser beam analyzer 8 Facula position calculates two imaging spot center position deviation δ, then the transmitting-receiving optical axis degree of regulation of examining system meets:
Wherein, f ' is the focal length of parallel light tube 7.
Since prism of corner cube is there are certain rotating accuracy, the rotating accuracy is external after the transmitting of beam-expanding system 11 Droop is to expand multiple for beam-expanding system 11.
The present invention can not only meet coaxial type or the altogether measurement of light path type laser transmitting-receiving concentricity, and can be to different inclined The characteristics of depth of parallelism of the non co axial optical axis of shifting amount measures, the invention is mainly reflected in:
1) apparatus of the present invention are simple in structure, of low cost;
2) the method for the present invention is simple, the auto-collimation function based on prism of corner cube, utilizes spectroscope (Beam Splitter) Two beam laser are adjusted to by light splitting function is mutually 180 degree, is mutually 180 degree feature using two-beam to assist receiving and dispatching and coaxially fills school, And the invention device self checking method is simple and effective;
3) present invention can meet the parallelism of optical axis dress school of different offsets, can also meet the dress school of type coaxial photoelectric system And test;
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the coaxial fill-in light calibration device light school schematic diagram of transmitting-receiving of active electro-optical system.
Fig. 2 is the transmitting-receiving axis light school light path of active electro-optical system.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the method for the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Main devices employed in the present invention are described as follows:
1) the first single mode optical fiber 1, the second single mode optical fiber 2:Use Thorlabs company models for the single mode optical fiber of SM600, Its Specifeca tion speeification:Service band is 600-800nm;Fibre-optic mode field diameter be 4.6um@680nm, covering core diameter 125 ± 1um, by wavelength be 550 ± 50nm;
2) the first collimating mirror 3, the second collimating mirror 4:It uses Thorlabs company models for the collimating mirror of 352280-B, leads Want performance parameter:Service band is 600-1050nm;Focal length is 18.4mm, bore 6.5mm;Transmission material is ECO550;
3) spectroscope 5:Use Thorlabs company models for the unpolarized Amici prism of BS017, Specifeca tion speeification: Service band is 700-1100nm;Splitting ratio is 1:1, clear aperture 20mm;
4) prism of corner cube 6:Use Thorlabs company models for the prism of corner cube of PS971, Specifeca tion speeification:Light transmission Face surface face type is better than the@of λ/10 632.8nm;Rotating accuracy is less than 3 ", clear aperture 25.4mm.
5) parallel light tube 7:Using the reflective parallel light pipe of customization, Specifeca tion speeification:Parallel light tube focal length is 5m, Reflection paraboloid face type is better than the@of λ/20 632.8nm;
6) laser beam analyzer 8:Use U.S.'s Spiricon company models for the laser beam analyzer of SP620, main performance Parameter:Service band 190nm-1100nm, pixel size 4.4um*4.4um, number of pixels 1600*1200.
The dress school schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention itself is as shown in Figure 1, be as follows:
1, the first single mode optical fiber 1 combines adjusting with the first collimating mirror 3:One end introducing of first single mode optical fiber 1 is specified to swash Radiant, the optical fiber other end are docked with the first collimating mirror 3, and laser light source is assembled after collimating mirror collimates by parallel light tube 7 At the focal plane on laser beam analyzer 8, adjusts optical fiber front and back position and so that imaging facula is minimum, fixed transmission end fiber position is complete It is combined with collimating mirror 3 at single mode optical fiber 1;
2, the second single mode optical fiber 2 combines adjusting with the second collimating mirror 4:Adjusting method is identical as step 1;
3, the first single mode optical fiber 1, the second single mode optical fiber 2 introduce laser light source respectively, wherein the first single mode optical fiber 1 introduces light Through the first collimating mirror 3 collimate be emitted, using spectroscope 5 reflect after enter parallel light tube 7 and on focal plane laser beam analyzer 8 at Picture is recorded as image point position;
4, the second single mode optical fiber 2 introduces light and collimates outgoing through the second collimating mirror 4, using the reflection of spectroscope 5, prism of corner cube 6 enter after original optical path return and parallel light tube 7 and are imaged on focal plane laser beam analyzer 8, adjust the second collimating mirror 4 so that with the The imaging point that one single mode optical fiber 1 introduces light overlaps, and removes prism of corner cube 6, final first single mode optical fiber 1, the second single mode optical fiber 2 draw Enter the exit direction of light into 180 degree, completes the dress school of invention device.
The fill-in light school schematic diagram of the method for the present invention is as shown in Fig. 2, and fill-in light school flow is as follows:
1, fill-in light calibration device self-test:As shown in Fig. 1, the first single mode optical fiber 1, the second single mode optical fiber 2 introduce respectively refers to Fixed laser light source passes through the first collimating mirror 3, the collimation transmitting of the second collimating mirror 4 respectively, and 3 emergent light of the first collimating mirror is through excessive The reflection of light microscopic 5 is directly entered parallel light tube 7;Second collimating mirror, 4 emergent light is turned to by the reflection of spectroscope 5, prism of corner cube, is passed through again It crosses after spectroscope 5 transmits and enters parallel light tube 7, two-beam is converged at together at focal plane on laser beam analyzer 8, detects two beam laser Finally whether imaging facula overlaps on laser beam analyzer 8, confirms and completes fill-in light calibration device self-test, pyramid rib of dismantling after overlapping Mirror.
2, analogue echo is registrated with optical axis is received:As shown in Fig. 2, by fill-in light calibration device (including the first single mode optical fiber 1, the second single mode optical fiber 2, the first collimating mirror 3, the second collimating mirror 4 and spectroscope 5) it is positioned over receiving light path 10 and receiving telescope Between 11, it is whole to adjust fill-in light calibration device so that the first single mode optical fiber 1 introduces laser light source along 11 0 visual field of receiving telescope Transmitting, while the second single mode optical fiber 2 being made to introduce laser light source and enter receiving light path 10, the second single mode optical fiber 2 introduces laser and is For analogue echo, then adjust receiving light path 10 so that it is maximum that analogue echo detector after receiving light path 10 receives signal, complete It is registrated at analogue echo with optical axis is received.
3, analog transmissions are registrated with Laser emission optical axis:It is accurate through the first collimating mirror 3 that first single mode optical fiber 1 introduces laser light source Straight outgoing, reflects using spectroscope 5, which is analog transmissions light, the analog transmissions light and analogue echo optical axis at 180 degree, i.e., it is coaxial between each other;Analog transmissions light after beam-expanding system 11 using emitting, and the transmitting light of laser transmitting system 9 Direct paraxonic transmitting, two beams emit light by 7 post-concentration of parallel light tube to the laser beam analyzer 8 of focal plane, adjusting Laser emission So that two beam imaging faculas overlap, completion transmitting optical axis is registrated system 9 with analog transmissions optical axis, and auxiliary of dismantling dress calibration device is complete It is coaxially registrated at the transmitting-receiving of active electro-optical system.
4, auxiliary transmitting-receiving parallelism of optical axis measures:In step 3, before removing auxiliary dress calibration device, two beams are tested respectively Emit light imaging facula position on laser beam analyzer 8, calculates two imaging spot center position deviation δ, then the receipts of examining system Light-emitting axis degree of regulation meets:
Wherein, f ' is the focal length of parallel light tube 7.
Since prism of corner cube is there are certain rotating accuracy, the rotating accuracy is external after the transmitting of beam-expanding system 11 Droop is to expand multiple for beam-expanding system 11.System accuracy is the combined effect of two kinds of errors.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of coaxial fill-in light calibration device of the transmitting-receiving of active electro-optical system, including the first single mode optical fiber (1), the second single mode optical fiber (2), the first collimating mirror (3), the second collimating mirror (4), spectroscope (5), prism of corner cube (6), parallel light tube (7), laser beam analyzer (8), it is characterised in that:
First single mode optical fiber (1), the second single mode optical fiber (2) introduce laser light source respectively, wherein the first single mode optical fiber (1) introduces light It collimates and is emitted through the first collimating mirror (3), parallel light tube (7) is entered after being reflected using spectroscope (5) and in focal plane beam analysis Instrument is imaged on (8), is recorded as image point position;Second single mode optical fiber (2) introduces light and collimates outgoing through the second collimating mirror (4), then passes through Spectroscope (5) reflection, prism of corner cube (6) are crossed after original optical path return into parallel light tube (7) and in focal plane laser beam analyzer (8) Upper imaging adjusts the second collimating mirror (4) so that the imaging point of two-beam overlaps;Remove prism of corner cube (6), final first single-mode optics Fine (1), the second single mode optical fiber (2) introduce the exit direction of light at 180 degree, and for coaxially carrying out fill-in light school to receiving and dispatching.
2. a kind of coaxial fill-in light calibration device of transmitting-receiving of active electro-optical system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute The first single mode optical fiber (1), the second single mode optical fiber (2) core diameter stated are matched with institute using laser source wavelength, at fiber end face In the position of focal plane of the first collimating mirror (3), the second collimating mirror (4).
3. a kind of coaxial fill-in light calibration device of transmitting-receiving of active electro-optical system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute The first collimating mirror (3), the second collimating mirror (4) the surface form deviation RMS value stated are less than λ/10, and the refractive error of collimating mirror material is small In 2%.
4. a kind of coaxial fill-in light calibration device of transmitting-receiving of active electro-optical system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute The spectroscope (5) stated is to using the splitting ratio of wavelength between 4:6 and 6:Between 4, each light pass surface surface form deviation RMS value be less than λ/ 10@632.8nm。
5. a kind of coaxial fill-in light calibration device of transmitting-receiving of active electro-optical system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute The rotating accuracy for the prism of corner cube (6) stated is less than 3 ".
6. a kind of coaxial based on a kind of transmitting-receiving of the coaxial fill-in light calibration device of transmitting-receiving of active electro-optical system described in claim 1 Fill-in light calibration method, it is characterised in that method and step is as follows:
1) fill-in light calibration device self-test:Specified laser is introduced respectively by the first single mode optical fiber (1), the second single mode optical fiber (2) Light source reflects wherein the first single mode optical fiber (1) introduces light through the first collimating mirror (3) collimation, spectroscope (5), the second single mode optical fiber (2) it introduces light to turn to, after spectroscope (5) transmission through the second collimating mirror (4) collimation, spectroscope (5) reflection, prism of corner cube (6), two Shu Guang is converged at by parallel light tube (7) on laser beam analyzer at focal plane (8) together, and two beam laser of detection are finally in beam analysis Whether imaging facula overlaps on instrument, confirms and completes fill-in light calibration device self-test, prism of corner cube of dismantling (6) after overlapping;
2) analogue echo is registrated with optical axis is received:Second single mode optical fiber (2) introduces laser light source and is collimated out through the second collimating mirror (4) It penetrates, after being reflected using spectroscope (5), which is analogue echo, utilizes the reception of the analogue echo and electro-optical system Light path is docked, and adjusts receiving light path and analogue echo is made to be followed by collection of letters maximum by receiving light path, complete analogue echo With being registrated for reception optical axis;
3) analog transmissions are registrated with Laser emission optical axis:First single mode optical fiber (1) introduces laser light source through the first collimating mirror (3) standard Straight outgoing, reflects using spectroscope (5), which is analog transmissions light, the analog transmissions light and analogue echo optical axis At 180 degree, i.e., coaxial between each other, the optical axis that analog transmissions light and practical laser are emitted to light using parallel light tube is adjusted to weight It closes, auxiliary of dismantling dress calibration device, the transmitting-receiving for completing active electro-optical system is coaxially registrated.
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