CN114371534A - Collimating system coupling method - Google Patents
Collimating system coupling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114371534A CN114371534A CN202210024021.1A CN202210024021A CN114371534A CN 114371534 A CN114371534 A CN 114371534A CN 202210024021 A CN202210024021 A CN 202210024021A CN 114371534 A CN114371534 A CN 114371534A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/30—Collimators
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coupling method of a collimation system, which is applied to the field of optical devices and aims at solving the problem of complex coupling action in the coupling process of the existing collimation system; the invention decomposes the whole coupling process into two parts: a first section coupling the optical fiber and the condensing lens into a collimator assembly; selecting a fixed collimating lens to move the light source and the collimator assembly, and firstly using the angle adjustment of two sets of coupling tables to enable the light source and the collimating lens, and the collimating lens and the collimator assembly to be flatly attached; after the flattening, the relative position of the light source and the collimating lens is adjusted, so that the power received in the optical fiber is maximum; finally, adjusting the position of the collimator assembly to enable the optical axis of the collimator assembly to be coincident with the optical axis of the collimating lens; the method provided by the invention has the advantages of low coupling complexity, high coupling speed, automatic coupling and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical devices, and particularly relates to a collimating system coupling technology.
Background
Optical devices often use wavelength division multiplexing schemes, light with different wavelengths is multiplexed and demultiplexed through a filter, the wavelength interval which needs multiplexing and demultiplexing is sometimes very small, and in order to ensure that the insertion loss of optical signals passing through the filter is as small as possible or the reflectivity is as high as possible, the light beams passing through the filter are required to be collimated light beams. As shown in fig. 1, the collimating optical system generally includes: a light source, a collimating lens, a converging lens and an optical fiber, it is necessary to couple the light source (typically a semiconductor laser) into a single-mode optical fiber so that the coupling efficiency is as high as possible and to ensure that the light propagates between the collimating lens and the converging lens as a collimated beam.
Generally, the position of a light source can be fixed during coupling of the system, the positions of a collimating lens, a converging lens and an optical fiber are adjusted at the same time, the three components are required to be independently adjusted, each component is required to be adjusted in three axes of X, Y and Z, and if the three components are matched with angle adjustment, three axes are required to be added, so that the coupling action of the whole system is very complex, the law is lacked, and automation cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a coupling method for a collimating system, in which only one element needs to be adjusted for each coupling, and compared with the common method of adjusting a collimating lens, a converging lens and an optical fiber simultaneously, the method has the advantages of low coupling complexity, high coupling speed, automatic coupling, and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method of coupling a collimating system based on a collimating system comprising: the device comprises a light source, a collimating lens, a converging lens and an optical fiber; the coupling method comprises the following steps:
s1, coupling the optical fiber and the convergent lens into a collimator assembly;
s2, adjusting the light source and the collimator assembly by using two sets of coupling tables to be respectively flatly attached to the collimating lens;
s3, after flattening, adjusting the relative position of the light source and the collimating lens to make the power received in the optical fiber maximum;
s4, adjusting the position of the collimator assembly so that its optical axis coincides with the optical axis of the collimating lens.
Step S1, coupling the optical fiber and the convergent lens into a collimator assembly by adopting a light spot method; specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
a beam of laser is connected into a single mode fiber, a beam analyzer is arranged on a converging lens, and the laser presents a real-time spot shape on the beam analyzer after passing through the converging lens;
the light beam analyzer calculates the position of the light spot center and the size of the light spot in real time;
simulating and calculating to obtain light spot simulation values of different light beam analyzers and converging lens positions;
selecting the position of a light beam analyzer and a converging lens, and if the difference between the obtained light spot size and the light spot analog value is large, finely adjusting the relative position of the converging lens and the optical fiber along the light beam propagation direction to enable the light spot size to be close to the analog value;
the optical fiber and the converging lens are fixed to form a collimator assembly.
The flattening in step S2 brings the positions of these three components close to the design values.
The optical fiber is a single mode optical fiber.
The single mode fiber is single mode PC optic fibre, after subsides are flat, still includes:
a1, adjusting the relative position of the light source and the collimating lens through one set of coupling table to make the power received in the optical fiber maximum;
a2, if the coupling efficiency does not reach the ideal value, fixing the light source, adjusting the position of the collimator assembly by another set of coupling table to make the optical axis coincide with the optical axis of the collimating lens, that is, the coupling efficiency reaches the ideal value, and ending the adjustment.
When the single-mode optical fiber is the single-mode optical fiber with the inclination angle, after the single-mode optical fiber is flatly attached, the following steps are repeatedly executed until the coupling efficiency reaches an ideal value:
b1, adjusting the relative position of the light source and the collimating lens to make the received power in the optical fiber maximum;
b2, keeping the position of the light source unchanged, and adjusting the position of the collimation assembly to make the received power in the optical fiber maximum.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the coupling mode of the collimation system designed by the invention is that the collimator assembly is manufactured firstly, the collimation lens is fixed, the light source and the collimator assembly are respectively adjusted to be coupled, only one element needs to be adjusted in each coupling, and compared with the common mode of simultaneously adjusting the collimation lens, the convergent lens and the optical fiber, the coupling mode has the advantages of low coupling complexity, high coupling speed, capability of realizing automatic coupling and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a prior art collimating optical system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a final coupling state in embodiment 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a light source after coupling in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a light source after coupling in example 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a final coupling state in embodiment 3;
fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating a state after completion of coupling in embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical contents of the present invention by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The working principle of the method is as follows:
the invention introduces a simple and efficient coupling mode, which can greatly simplify coupling action and improve coupling efficiency. The whole coupling process is decomposed into two parts: the first part is to couple the optical fiber and the condensing lens into a collimator assembly, and there are many methods in the industry at present, such as a light spot method and a collimated light source coupling method, which are not described herein; the second part is used for coupling the light source, the collimating lens and the collimator assembly completed by the first part, when the second part is coupled, the invention selects the fixed collimating lens to move the light source and the collimator assembly, two sets of six-dimensional coupling tables (xyz three axes + xyz angle) are needed, and the coupling process of the second part is as follows:
firstly, the light source and the collimating lens are flattened by using the angle adjustment of two sets of six-dimensional coupling tables, so that the central axes of the light source, the collimating lens and the collimator assembly are in a parallel state, and the positions of the light source, the collimating lens and the collimator assembly are close to a designed value in the flattening process, so that the coupling time can be reduced; the design value in this embodiment specifically refers to the positions of the light source, the collimating lens and the collimator assembly in the coaxial state;
after the leveling, firstly, adjusting the light source by using one set of six-dimensional coupling table to enable the light source to move in the XYZ direction, detecting the power of the optical fiber end by using a power meter, and stopping adjusting the position of the light source when the power is maximum; the position of the light source is adjusted in order to enable the light signal of the light source to enter the collimator assembly at a proper angle after passing through the collimating lens, and the light signal can be focused on the optical fiber through the converging lens only at the proper angle, and the coupling efficiency at the moment is possibly low.
In this embodiment, when the power meter is used to detect the power at the optical fiber end, the connection mode between the power meter and the optical fiber is determined according to the type of the optical fiber, specifically: if the optical fiber is in a jumper type, the optical fiber is directly connected with a power meter, and the power of the optical fiber can be tested; if the optical fiber is an adapter with the optical fiber, after the test jumper is used for being in butt joint with the adapter, the other end of the test jumper is connected with a power meter, and the optical fiber power can be tested.
In this embodiment, the designed relative position of the principal ray after passing through the collimating lens and the optical axis of the converging lens, that is, the position where the principal ray and the optical axis of the converging lens are close to being coaxial, is generally the position corresponding to the coupling efficiency reaching 92.55%.
Example 2
The light source in this embodiment is a semiconductor laser with a wavelength of 1310nm and a divergence angle of 25x25 °, the collimating lens is FLWQCSE11D of ALPS, the converging lens is CCH24BW1 of IOSolution, and the optical fiber is a single-mode PC optical fiber.
Firstly, coupling a single-mode PC optical fiber and a convergent lens into a collimator assembly, and manufacturing by a light spot method, specifically:
a 1310nm laser is connected to a single-mode PC optical fiber, a beam analyzer is arranged behind a convergent lens, the 1310nm laser can show a real-time light spot shape on the beam analyzer after passing through the convergent lens, the beam analyzer can calculate the position of the center of the light spot and the size of the light spot in real time, the size of the light spot and the incident angle of the light beam to be analyzed can be changed by adjusting the relative positions of the single-mode PC optical fiber and the convergent lens, the incident angle of the laser to be analyzed can be calculated by adjusting the positions of the beam analyzer and the convergent lens, the collimation effect of the laser passing through the convergent lens can be analyzed by the sizes of the light spots at different positions, and the sizes of the light spots at different positions can be calculated by software, as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 size of the spot at different positions
| L(mm) | 20 | 40 | 60 | 80 | 100 | 120 | 140 |
| Spot size (mm) | 0.3060 | 0.3643 | 0.4460 | 0.5407 | 0.6427 | 0.7489 | 0.8579 |
In the embodiment, the spot size of the beam analyzer, which is 20-140 mm away from the converging lens L, is calculated, two positions of 40mm and 120mm are selected, the position of the beam analyzer is firstly adjusted to be 40mm away from the converging lens, the position of the converging lens is adjusted, the spot size is 0.3643mm, and the energy center coordinates of the spot at the moment are recorded as (x1, y 1); the adjusting of the position of the convergent lens comprises the step of adjusting the size of a light spot by moving along the optical axis direction, and the step of adjusting the light emitting angle by moving along the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, wherein the moving distances are micron-sized and can be ignored compared with the distance of 40mm, so that the adjustment of the position of the convergent lens does not influence the distance of 40mm between the beam analyzer and the convergent lens;
then, the position of the light beam analyzer is adjusted to be 120mm away from the converging lens, the position of the converging lens is adjusted to enable the energy center coordinates of the light spots to be (x1, y1), the single-mode PC optical fiber in the example is a PC single-mode optical fiber without an inclination angle, so the collimated laser light is vertically incident on the light beam analyzer, theoretically, the energy center of the light beam cannot be changed no matter how far the position of the light beam analyzer is away from the converging lens, and therefore the energy centers of the light spots at the positions of 40mm and 120mm are (x1, y 1);
checking whether the spot size at the position of 120mm is an analog value of 0.7489mm, if the difference is large, finely adjusting the relative positions of the convergent lens and the optical fiber along the light beam propagation direction, wherein the spot size is close to the analog value, and fixing the convergent lens and the single-mode PC optical fiber after the requirements are met so as to form a collimator assembly; and when the difference value of the spot size and the analog value is out of the range of +/-5% of the analog value, the difference value is considered to be larger, otherwise, the difference value is considered to be close to the analog value.
The coupling of the light source, the collimating lens and the collimator assembly will then take place. The schematic diagram after the coupling of the whole system is shown in fig. 2, since the chief ray of the light source is vertically incident to the collimating lens in the example, and the optical fiber is a PC optical fiber, the optical axes of the light source, the collimating lens, the converging lens and the single-mode PC optical fiber in the whole system are all in a coaxial state, the coupling efficiency of the system is 94.49%, and the angle between the marginal ray of the parallel light between the collimating lens and the converging lens and the optical axis is 0.02379 °.
In the process of coupling the light source, the collimating lens and the collimator assembly, the embodiment selects the fixed collimating lens, the light source and the collimator assembly are in an adjustable state, and the specific process is as follows:
firstly, clamping the light source, the collimating lens and the collimator assembly on a jig, and adjusting the light source and the collimator assembly to be respectively flattened with the collimating lens, which is to make the optical axes of the light source, the collimating lens and the collimator assembly in a parallel state as much as possible, and make the relative distance between the collimating lens and the collimator assembly on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis (i.e. the relative position of the optical axes of the collimating lens and the collimator assembly) in a design value as much as possible in the flattening process, if the deviation is large, the situation of little coupling can occur anyway, because the clear aperture of the collimator assembly is limited, the deviation is large, the light emitted by the collimating lens cannot be incident into the receiving aperture of the collimator assembly, in the embodiment, it is assumed that the difference between the optical axes of the collimating lens and the collimator assembly is 0.2mm, and the relative positions of the light source and the collimating lens are adjusted, the received power in the fiber was maximized and the coupled state is shown in fig. 3, and the simulation results show that the maximum coupling efficiency was 16.54% at the maximum, and the parallel edge ray angle between the collimating lens and the converging lens was 0.07049 °.
The difference between the coupling efficiency of 16.54% and the coupling efficiency of 94.49% in the final state is caused by the relative position difference between the collimator lens and the optical axis of the collimator assembly, so that the light beam emitted from the collimator lens does not pass through the optical axis of the collimator assembly, and the chief ray is incident on the optical fiber at a relatively large angle, so that the coupling efficiency is reduced, and only the position of the collimator assembly needs to be adjusted to make the optical axis coincide with the optical axis of the collimator lens as much as possible, so that the collimator assembly is only required to be adjusted during the coupling, the position of the light source remains unchanged, the state diagram after the coupling is completed is shown in fig. 3, which is almost the same as that in fig. 2, the coupling efficiency at this time is 92.55%, the angle of the edge light beam of the parallel light between the collimator lens and the converging lens is 0.07049 °, which is very close to the ideal state (i.e. the coupling efficiencies are all within the error range of ± 5% of the ideal value of 94.49%, the angular deviation is in the range of 0.05 deg., considered close to the ideal value).
The coupling scheme has the advantages that only one element needs to be adjusted in each coupling, the coupling difficulty is greatly simplified, the relative position of the convergent lens and the optical fiber only needs to be adjusted in the coupling process of the collimator assembly, the relative position of the light source and the collimating lens is firstly adjusted in the coupling process of the light source, the collimating lens and the collimator, the position of the light source is fixed when the power is maximum, then the position of the collimator assembly is adjusted, the position of the collimator assembly is fixed when the power is maximum, the coupling is completed, the whole process is simpler and more than the linkage adjustment of a common collimating lens, the convergent lens and the optical fiber, the complexity is reduced, and the automatic operation can be realized.
Example 3
In the present embodiment, the single-mode fiber may be selected according to the requirement, and the tilt angle may be 4 °, 6 °, and so on.
In the coupling of the collimator assembly, it is impossible to ensure that the emergent light of the collimator is completely vertically incident on the beam analyzer, but the emergent light of the collimator can be generally ensured within 0.5 degrees. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the tilt angle of the single-mode fiber is 4 °, the light-emitting angle of the collimator assembly is 0.5 °, the ideal coupling efficiency in this state is 94.39%, and the angle of the edge light of the parallel light between the collimator lens and the condensing lens is 0.052 °. In the same embodiment, the position of the light source is first adjusted to the maximum optical power, the coupling completion schematic diagram is shown in fig. 4, at this time, the coupling efficiency is about 6.3%, and the angle of the parallel light edge light between the collimating lens and the condensing lens is 0.14 °; keeping the position of the light source unchanged, and adjusting the position of the collimation assembly to enable the power to be maximum, wherein the coupling efficiency is about 86.4%; keeping the position of the collimator assembly unchanged, adjusting the position of the light source again to maximize the power, wherein the coupling efficiency is 94.2%, and the angle of the parallel light edge ray between the collimating lens and the converging lens is 0.052 degrees; keeping the position of the light source unchanged, the collimator is adjusted gradually again, the coupling is performed until the optical power is maximum, the coupling efficiency is 94.39%, the theoretical maximum value is reached, and the final coupling state is as shown in fig. 5. From the simulation process, the coupling action may need to be repeated 2-3 times to achieve the best state, but all the coupling actions still only need to couple one of the elements, and the coupling action can be completed by using an automatic coupling device.
The coupling mode of the collimation system designed by the invention is that the collimator assembly is manufactured firstly, the collimation lens is fixed, the light source and the collimator assembly are respectively adjusted to be coupled, and only one element needs to be adjusted in each coupling, so that the coupling mode is compared with the mode of simultaneously adjusting the general collimation lens, the convergent lens and the optical fiber; the method of the invention comprises the following steps: the coupling complexity is low, the coupling speed is high, and the coupling can be automated.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of coupling a collimating system, the collimating system based on comprising: the device comprises a light source, a collimating lens, a converging lens and an optical fiber; the coupling method comprises the following steps:
s1, coupling the optical fiber and the convergent lens into a collimator assembly;
s2, fixing the collimating lens, and adjusting the light source and the collimator assembly by using two sets of coupling tables to be respectively flatly attached to the collimating lens;
s3, after flattening, adjusting the relative position of the light source and the collimating lens to make the power received in the optical fiber maximum;
s4, adjusting the position of the collimator assembly so that its optical axis coincides with the optical axis of the collimating lens.
2. The method for coupling a collimating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein step S1 is performed by using a spot method to couple the optical fiber and the converging lens into a collimator assembly; specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
a beam of laser is connected into a single mode fiber, a beam analyzer is arranged on a converging lens, and the laser presents a real-time spot shape on the beam analyzer after passing through the converging lens;
the light beam analyzer calculates the position of the light spot center and the size of the light spot in real time;
simulating and calculating to obtain light spot simulation values of different light beam analyzers and converging lens positions;
selecting the position of a light beam analyzer and a converging lens, and if the difference between the obtained light spot size and the light spot analog value is large, finely adjusting the relative position of the converging lens and the optical fiber along the light beam propagation direction to enable the light spot size to be close to the analog value;
the optical fiber and the converging lens are fixed to form a collimator assembly.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step S2 of flattening makes the positions of the light source, the collimator assembly and the collimating lens close to the design values.
4. A method of coupling a collimating system as in claim 3, wherein said optical fiber is a single mode optical fiber.
5. A method of coupling a collimating system as in claim 4, wherein said single mode fiber is a single mode PC fiber.
6. The collimating system coupling method of claim 5, further comprising, after flattening:
a1, adjusting the relative position of the light source and the collimating lens through one set of coupling table to make the power received in the optical fiber maximum;
a2, if the coupling efficiency does not reach the ideal value, fixing the light source, adjusting the position of the collimator assembly by another set of coupling table to make the optical axis coincide with the optical axis of the collimating lens, that is, the coupling efficiency reaches the ideal value, and ending the adjustment.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the single mode fiber is a tilted single mode fiber.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein after the flattening, the following steps are repeated until the coupling efficiency reaches a desired value:
b1, adjusting the relative position of the light source and the collimating lens to make the received power in the optical fiber maximum;
b2, keeping the position of the light source unchanged, and adjusting the position of the collimation assembly to make the received power in the optical fiber maximum.
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| CN115236801A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2022-10-25 | 成都光创联科技有限公司 | Optical device coupling control method |
| CN116560019A (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-08-08 | 中天通信技术有限公司 | Dual-lens coupling method for optical module transmitting assembly and related equipment |
| WO2024099476A1 (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2024-05-16 | 长园视觉科技(珠海)有限公司 | Fiber optic light source generating device |
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