CN107727250A - Grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device - Google Patents

Grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107727250A
CN107727250A CN201710793558.3A CN201710793558A CN107727250A CN 107727250 A CN107727250 A CN 107727250A CN 201710793558 A CN201710793558 A CN 201710793558A CN 107727250 A CN107727250 A CN 107727250A
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grating
balzed grating
light
mirror
diffraction
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CN107727250B (en
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唐顺兴
朱宝强
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Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
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Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/106000 priority patent/WO2019047330A1/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J11/00Measuring the characteristics of individual optical pulses or of optical pulse trains
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/42Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
    • G02B27/4233Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive element [DOE] contributing to a non-imaging application
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/42Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
    • G02B27/44Grating systems; Zone plate systems

Abstract

A kind of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device, the device include the first balzed grating, Offner optical systems and the second balzed grating, or corner cube mirror.The present invention compensate for time explanation and space stretching caused by grating angle effect of dispersion, it is ensured that the time-space dispersive that light beam reaches light beam on working face is zero.Compared with traditional acquisition technology based on grating inclination of wave front, influence of the Grating angular spectral dispersion effect to inclination of wave front technology application effect has been inherently eliminated.

Description

Grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrashort and ultrahigh laser, particularly a kind of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device is wide for pulse When degree measures more than the ultrashort pulse time response of hundred femtoseconds, pulse is measured using grating single correlation method.
Background technology
Ultrashort and ultrahigh laser technical field, laser pulse width and pulse signal to noise ratio are to evaluate extremely weighing for its output performance The parameter wanted.Ps Pulse Measurement has direct measurement and measurement two ways, direct measurement scheme use fast-response photoelectricity indirectly The method of detector+high-speed oscilloscope is measured with streak camera.Indirect measurement scheme has, scanning (or single) second order (or Three ranks) correlation method, frequency resolved optical gating, be concerned with electric field Reconstruction Method etc. for self-reference spectrum position.
High energy bat watt (1015W) laser system is using chirped pulse optical parameter amplification (OPCPA), using Solid State Laser glass Disk amplifier, due to factors such as thermic wavefront distortions, uses single mode of operation at present as gain media.Typical laser Energy approximate number kJ (kilojoule), the psec of pulse width about one, the bat watt of peak power number.The impulsive measurement of such laser system can only be taken Single measurement scheme.When using single correlation method measurement laser pulse, if directly allowing two beam ultrashort pulses in crystal Autocorrelation signal is produced, can only due to all many condition limitations such as optical element bore, crystalline size and measurement sampling laser fluxs Realize the measurement range of most long hundreds of femtoseconds.Using grating auto-correlation scheme, beam of laser will obtain inclination of wave front, so, During identical work bore, broader autocorrelation time window can be obtained in crystal, using the crystal chi of identical bore Very little to obtain bigger reference time measurement, Product-level representative value is less than 20ps.Theory analysis discovery, grating single auto-correlation When measuring number nano spectral width picosecond laser, the systematic error and pulsewidth phase that are introduced due to grating angle effect of dispersion When.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device, the device present invention compensate for grating Time explanation and space stretching caused by angular dispersion effect, it is ensured that the time-space dispersive that light beam reaches light beam on working face is zero. Compared with traditional acquisition technology based on grating inclination of wave front, Grating angular spectral dispersion effect has been inherently eliminated to inclination of wave front skill The influence of art application effect.When the device is applied to grating single auto-correlation ultrashort pulse measuring device, single can be reduced from phase The systematic error of device is closed, a kind of reliable solution is provided for high energy ultrashort laser pulse measurement.
To realize above-mentioned target, technical solution of the invention is as follows:
A kind of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device, its feature are:Including the first balzed grating, by concave mirror The Offner optical systems and the second balzed grating, the second balzed grating, constant and the first balzed grating, formed with convex reflecting mirror Constant is equal, and the radius of curvature of the concave mirror is 2 times of the convex reflecting mirror, and described concave mirror and institute The convex reflecting mirror center of curvature stated overlaps;Incident light turns into the first diffracted beam after the first described balzed grating, diffraction, Diffraction light incides described concave mirror, described convex reflecting mirror is incided after concave mirror reflection, through this Described concave mirror is arrived again at after convex reflecting mirror reflection, first is arrived again at after described concave mirror reflection Balzed grating, turns into the second diffraction light after the first balzed grating, diffraction again, and the second diffraction light is opposite along described incident light Direction be emitted to the second described balzed grating, turn into the 3rd diffraction light after the second balzed grating, diffraction, along diffraction direction Working face is transferred to, the working face is parallel with the grating face of second balzed grating,;Described incident light is incident upon the first sudden strain of a muscle The incidence angle that the incidence angle of credit grating is incident upon the second balzed grating, with the second diffraction light is equal;Described working face and first dodges The vertical range of credit grating is twice of the vertical range between the first balzed grating, and the convex reflecting mirror center point of curvature.
A kind of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device, its feature are:Including the first balzed grating, by concave mirror The Offner optical systems formed with convex reflecting mirror, corner cube mirror, the radius of curvature of the concave mirror is described convex 2 times of face speculum, and described concave mirror and the described convex reflecting mirror center of curvature overlap;Described in incident light warp Turn into the first diffraction light after first balzed grating, diffraction, diffraction light incides described concave mirror, through the concave mirror Described convex reflecting mirror is incided after reflection, described concave mirror, warp are arrived again at after convex reflecting mirror reflection The first balzed grating, is arrived again at after described concave mirror reflection, is spread out again after the first balzed grating, diffraction as second Light is penetrated, diffraction light is emitted to described corner cube mirror along the opposite direction of described incident light, is reflected through the corner cube mirror It is transferred to the first balzed grating, for the third time afterwards, turns into the 3rd diffraction light after the first balzed grating, for the third time, diffraction light is incident It is parallel with the grating face of first balzed grating, to working face, the working face;Described incident light is incident upon first and glared The incidence angle that the incidence angle of grid is incident upon the first balzed grating, with the second diffraction light from speculum is equal;Described working face and The vertical range of one balzed grating, is the vertical range between the first balzed grating, and the convex reflecting mirror center point of curvature Twice.
Described concave mirror and convex reflecting mirror is spherical reflector or cylindrical mirror.
The technique effect of the present invention is as follows:
By dispersion pre-compensation analytic explanation, the present invention compensate for time explanation and sky caused by grating angle effect of dispersion Between broadening, it is ensured that it is zero that light beam, which reaches the time-space dispersive of light beam on working face,.Skill is obtained based on grating inclination of wave front with traditional Art is compared, and has been inherently eliminated influence of the Grating angular spectral dispersion effect to inclination of wave front technology application effect.The device is applied to During grating single auto-correlation ultrashort pulse measuring device, the systematic error of single auto-correlation device can be reduced, being that high energy is ultrashort swashs Optical pulse detection provides a kind of reliable solution.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure light path schematic diagram of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device embodiment 1 of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the structure light path schematic diagram of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device embodiment 3 of the present invention
Fig. 3 is grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device dispersion pre-compensation schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device grating dispersion schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, but the protection model of the present invention should not be limited with this Enclose.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device embodiment 1 of the present invention, with Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 Illustrate application method of the present invention in inclination of wave front acquisition technology.As seen from the figure, grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation of the present invention Device, including the first balzed grating, 1, Offner optical systems and the second balzed grating, 4, described Offner optical systems are by recessed Face speculum 2 and convex reflecting mirror 3 are formed, the grating constant of the second balzed grating, 4 and the grating constant phase of the first balzed grating, 1 It is 2 times of the radius of curvature of described convex reflecting mirror 3 Deng, the radius of curvature of described concave mirror 2, and described concave surface The center of curvature of speculum 2 and the center of curvature of described convex reflecting mirror 3 coincide with 1: 200;Incident light 110 passes through described After the diffraction of first balzed grating, 1, the first diffraction light 120 of the first balzed grating, 1 output incides described concave mirror 2, Described convex reflecting mirror 3 is incided after the first reflection of concave mirror 2, through the secondary reflection of convex reflecting mirror 3 second The third time reflected light 130 for passing through described concave mirror 2 again afterwards reaches the first balzed grating, 1, the reflection of described third time Formation second diffraction light 140 of the light 130 after the diffraction of the first balzed grating, 1, second diffraction light 140 is along described incident light 110 opposite directions are emitted to the second described balzed grating, 4, and the 3rd diffraction light is formed after the diffraction of the second balzed grating, 4 150, it is working face 5 along the direction of the 3rd diffraction light 150, the working face 5 is parallel with the grating face of second balzed grating, 4;
The diffraction light 140 of incidence angle 401 and second that described incident light 110 is incident upon the first balzed grating, 1 is incident upon The incidence angle 402 of two balzed grating,s 4 is equal;The vertical range of described working face 5 and the second balzed grating, 4 is first to glare Twice of vertical range between grid 1 and the center point of curvature 200 of the convex reflecting mirror 3.Concave surface described in this embodiment Speculum and convex reflecting mirror are spherical reflector.
Incident beam 110, centre wavelength λ0, spectral width is Δ λ, no inclination of wave front.Second diffracted beam 140 obtains Time domain and spatial dispersion precompensation.The light beam passes through the second balzed grating, diffraction, at working face 5 turn into non-dispersive (time and Space is without broadening) the 3rd diffracted beam 150, the 3rd diffracted beam 150 has certain inclination of wave front.
The operation principle that beam center light carries out the grating dispersion analytic explanation present invention is chosen below:
As shown in figure 3, incident beam central ray 110 contains all wavelengths composition in the spectral region of tested light beam, with The incidence angle 401 of first time diffraction is incident from the point 201 on the first balzed grating, after the first balzed grating, diffraction, middle cardiac wave Long λ0Light 120 is emitted at an angle, and off-center wavelength d λ light 121 is emitted at different angles, and they are through recessed The Offner optical systems of face speculum and convex reflecting mirror composition, centre wavelength light 130 are again incident at a certain angle Transmitted after first balzed grating, along 140 directions, the light 131 of off-center wavelength is again incident on the first glittering with different angle Transmitted after grating along 141 directions.According to Offner optical system characteristics, light 120 is parallel with 130, and light 121 is parallel with 131, According to grating formula, light 140 and 141 is parallel with light 110 respectively, and is spatially separating.According to geometrical relationship and optical grating diffraction Characteristic, the λ of light 140 is calculated respectively0With 141 (λ0+ d λ) time bias and spatial offset amount.
Time bias, i.e., 141 relative 140 beam Propagation direction time delay, with wavelength variation relation such as Following formula:
Wherein, c is the light velocity, d1It is the grating constant of the first balzed grating, Lgg’It is anti-for the first balzed grating, and the convex surface Twice of the vertical range 301 penetrated between mirror curvature central point 200, γ are the incidence angles 401 of first time diffraction, and t is second to spread out Penetrate light group and be transferred to time needed for some section vertical with the direction of propagation.As can be seen that the pulse propagation that wavelength is longer Must be faster.
Spatial offset amount, i.e., 141 relative 140 distance and the relation of wavelength are as follows:
Wherein, Div is the distance that light deviates incident ray 110.As can be seen that the longer pulse of wavelength and incident ray Apart from smaller.
Fig. 4 represents the diffraction of parallelism of raster pair light beam.Space pre-compensates for light beam with the incidence angle 402 of third time diffraction Incident second balzed grating, 4, according to light path principle, from the different wave length light group sent of point 203, central wavelength lambda0Light 150 are propagated with certain incident angles to the second balzed grating, 4, diffracted ray along 140 ' directions, off-center wavelength d λ's Light 151 is with different incident angles to the second balzed grating, and second of diffracted ray is propagated along 141 ' directions, due to 140 ' It is consistent with the 141 ' directions of propagation.According to geometrical relationship and diffraction properties, these incident ray groups pass through the second balzed grating, 4 After diffraction, spatial offset occurs between different wave length light, i.e., 141 ' relative 140 ' distance is as follows with the relation of wavelength:
Wherein, d2It is grating constant, LgcIt is the vertical wheelbase in the balzed grating, face of working face position 5 and second from 302, Div ' be For emergent ray with putting the distance between 203 to the second balzed grating, upright projection position 204, γ ' is the incidence of third time diffraction Angle 402.As can be seen that from the light groups launched of point 203 after the diffraction of the second balzed grating, 4, the longer pulse of wavelength and 204 The distance of point is bigger.
The relation of time delay and wavelength of the light group after the second balzed grating, 4 is calculated by following equation simultaneously:
Wherein, t ' is to be transferred to from 203 points and the time needed for 140 ' transmission directions some vertical planes.As can be seen that from The light group that point 203 is launched after the second balzed grating, diffraction, transmit slower by the longer pulse of wavelength.
According to light path principle, the light group for obtaining space-time precompensation is converged in a little 203, and the time is without exhibition Width, i.e., allow 140 and 140 ' light simultaneously, 141 overlap with the space-time of 141 ' light, it is necessary to meet following relation:
From above formula, the formula establishment condition is unrelated with light incoming position, so expanding to whole incident beam bore Interior, remaining non-central light is satisfied by relation above, i.e., is zero in the time-space dispersive of working face.It is simultaneously guarantee LgcNot with wavelength Change and change, then there must be d1=d2, and γ=γ ', the i.e. grating constant when the constant of the first grating 1 and the second balzed grating, 4 It is identical, when the incidence angle 401 of first time diffraction is equal with the incidence angle 402 of third time diffraction, Lgc=Lgg'.It is i.e. each in light beam The all wavelengths composition of bar light on working face 5 only by same point, without the time difference between different wave length, so, from Fundamentally eliminate influence of the Grating angular spectral dispersion effect to inclination of wave front technology application effect.
Embodiment 2
The difference of embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 is that described concave mirror and convex reflecting mirror are cylindrical mirror.
Embodiment 3
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the structure light path schematic diagram of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device embodiment 3 of the present invention, As seen from the figure, grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device of the present invention, including the first balzed grating, 1, Offner optical systems and straight Corner reflector 4 ', described Offner optical systems are made up of concave mirror 2 and convex reflecting mirror 3, described concave reflection The radius of curvature of mirror 2 is 2 times of the radius of curvature of described convex reflecting mirror 3, and described concave mirror 2 and described convex The center of curvature of face speculum 3 coincides with 1: 200;Incident light 110 is after the described diffraction of the first balzed grating, 1, the first glittering The first diffraction light 120 that grating 1 exports incides described concave mirror 2, enters after the first reflection of concave mirror 2 Be mapped to described convex reflecting mirror 3, after the secondary reflection of convex reflecting mirror 3 second again through described concave mirror 2 the Triple reflection light 130 reaches the first balzed grating, 1, shape of the described third time reflected light 130 after the diffraction of the first balzed grating, 1 Described corner cube mirror 4 ' is emitted into the second diffraction light 140 along the opposite direction of described incident light 110, it is anti-through the right angle Penetrate after mirror 4 ' reflects and be transferred to the first balzed grating, 1 for the third time, form the 3rd diffraction after the diffraction of the first balzed grating, 1 for the third time Light 150, it is working face 5 along the direction of the 3rd diffraction light 150, the working face 5 is parallel with the grating face of first balzed grating, 1; Described incident light 110 is incident upon the incidence angle 401 of the first balzed grating, 1 and the second described diffraction light 140 from described straight The incidence angle 402 that corner reflector 4 ' is incident upon the first balzed grating, 1 is equal;The described balzed grating, 1 of working face 5 and first hangs down Straight distance is twice of the vertical range between the first balzed grating, and the center point of curvature 200 of the convex reflecting mirror 3.This implementation Concave mirror and convex reflecting mirror described in example are spherical reflector.
Application method of the present embodiment 3 in inclination of wave front technology is illustrated with Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.It is anti-that light reaches right angle Operation principle is the same as embodiment 1 before penetrating mirror 4 '.Light beam 140 arrives again at the first balzed grating, 1, the light after corner cube mirror 4 ' Beam passes through the first balzed grating, diffraction, turns into the 3rd diffraction light of non-dispersive (time and space are without broadening) at working face 5 Beam 150,150 has certain inclination of wave front.
Choose the operation principle that beam center light carries out the grating dispersion analytic explanation present invention.
Operation principle is the same as embodiment 1 before light reaches corner cube mirror 4 '.Light 140 and 141 passes through corner cube mirror Afterwards, locus exchanges up and down, is transferred to the first balzed grating, again.The mistake of working face position 5 is reached through the first balzed grating, Journey is the same as embodiment 1.According to the analysis of embodiment 1, formula (5) is in this example due to d2=d1, and the incidence angle of first time diffraction 401 is equal with the incidence angle 402 of third time diffraction, now there is Lgc=Lgg', i.e., all wavelengths composition of each light in light beam In working face position (5) only by a point, and so, grating has been inherently eliminated without the time difference between different wave length Influence of the angle dispersion effect to inclination of wave front technology application effect.
Embodiment 4
The difference of embodiment 4 and embodiment 3 is that described concave mirror and convex reflecting mirror are cylindrical mirror.
By the dispersion pre-compensation analytic explanation of above example, the present invention compensate for caused by grating angle effect of dispersion Time explanation and space stretching, it is ensured that the time-space dispersive that light beam reaches light beam on working face is zero.With traditional based on grating ripple Top rake obtains technology and compared, and has been inherently eliminated influence of the Grating angular spectral dispersion effect to inclination of wave front technology application effect. When the device is applied to grating single auto-correlation ultrashort pulse measuring device, the systematic error of single auto-correlation device can be reduced, A kind of reliable solution is provided for high energy ultrashort laser pulse measurement.

Claims (3)

  1. A kind of 1. grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device, it is characterised in that the device include the first balzed grating, (1), Offner optical systems and the second balzed grating, (4), described Offner optical systems are by concave mirror (2) and convex refractive Mirror (3) is formed, the grating constant of the second balzed grating, (4) concave surface equal, described with the grating constant of the first balzed grating, (1) The radius of curvature of speculum (2) is 2 times of the radius of curvature of described convex reflecting mirror (3), and described concave mirror (2) Coincided with a bit (200) with described convex reflecting mirror (3) center of curvature;The first described balzed grating, of incident light (110) warp (1) after diffraction, the first diffraction light (120) of the first balzed grating, (1) output incides described concave mirror (2), through this Described convex reflecting mirror (3) is incided after concave mirror (2) first reflection, it is anti-for the second time through the convex reflecting mirror (3) Third time reflected light (130) through described concave mirror (2) reaches the first balzed grating, (1) again after penetrating, and described the Formation second diffraction light (140) of the triple reflection light (130) after the first balzed grating, (1) diffraction is along described incident light (110) opposite direction is emitted to described the second balzed grating, (4), and the 3rd is formed after the second balzed grating, (4) diffraction and is spread out Light (150) is penetrated, is working face (5) along the 3rd diffraction light (150) direction, the working face (5) and second balzed grating, (4) Grating face is parallel;Described incident light (110) is incident upon the incidence angle (401) and the second diffraction light of the first balzed grating, (1) (140) incidence angle (402) for being incident upon the second balzed grating, (4) is equal;Described working face (5) and the second balzed grating, (4) Vertical range be vertical range between the first balzed grating, (1) and the convex reflecting mirror (3) center point of curvature (200) Twice.
  2. A kind of 2. grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device, it is characterised in that the device include the first balzed grating, (1), Offner optical systems and corner cube mirror (4 '), described Offner optical systems are by concave mirror (2) and convex refractive Mirror (3) is formed, and the radius of curvature of described concave mirror (2) is 2 times of the radius of curvature of described convex reflecting mirror (3), And described concave mirror (2) and described convex reflecting mirror (3) center of curvature coincide with a bit (200);Incident light (110) After described the first balzed grating, (1) diffraction, the first diffraction light (120) of the first balzed grating, (1) output incides described Concave mirror (2), described convex reflecting mirror (3) is incided after concave mirror (2) first reflection, it is convex through this The third time reflected light (130) through described concave mirror (2) reaches the first sudden strain of a muscle again after the secondary reflection of face speculum (3) second Credit grating (1), formation second diffraction light (140) of the described third time reflected light (130) after the first balzed grating, (1) diffraction The direction opposite along described incident light (110) is emitted to described corner cube mirror (4 '), anti-through the corner cube mirror (4 ') The first balzed grating, (1) is transferred to after penetrating for the third time, forms the 3rd diffraction light after the first balzed grating, (1) diffraction for the third time (150) it is, working face (5) along the 3rd diffraction light (150) direction, the working face (5) and the grating of first balzed grating, (1) Face is parallel;Described incident light (110) is incident upon the incidence angle (401) of the first balzed grating, (1) and the second described diffraction light (140) incidence angle (402) that the first balzed grating, (1) is incident upon from described corner cube mirror (4 ') is equal;Described work Face (5) and the vertical range of the first balzed grating, (1) are the first balzed grating, and the convex reflecting mirror (3) center point of curvature (200) twice of vertical range between.
  3. 3. grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that described concave mirror It is spherical reflector or cylindrical mirror with convex reflecting mirror.
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CN109682484A (en) * 2019-02-01 2019-04-26 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 A kind of single-shot time femto-second laser pulse waveform meter
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CN110535008A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-12-03 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 Compensate the achromatism grating stretcher of configuration off axis based on total reflection telescopic system
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CN109682484A (en) * 2019-02-01 2019-04-26 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 A kind of single-shot time femto-second laser pulse waveform meter
CN109682483A (en) * 2019-02-01 2019-04-26 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 A kind of single-shot time Ps Laser Pulse waveform meter
CN110535008A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-12-03 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 Compensate the achromatism grating stretcher of configuration off axis based on total reflection telescopic system
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