CN107727250B - Grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device - Google Patents

Grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107727250B
CN107727250B CN201710793558.3A CN201710793558A CN107727250B CN 107727250 B CN107727250 B CN 107727250B CN 201710793558 A CN201710793558 A CN 201710793558A CN 107727250 B CN107727250 B CN 107727250B
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grating
balzed grating
light
mirror
diffraction
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CN107727250A (en
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唐顺兴
朱宝强
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Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
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Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J11/00Measuring the characteristics of individual optical pulses or of optical pulse trains
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/42Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
    • G02B27/4233Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive element [DOE] contributing to a non-imaging application
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/42Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
    • G02B27/44Grating systems; Zone plate systems

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device, the device include the first balzed grating, Offner optical system and the second balzed grating, or corner cube mirror.The present invention compensates for time explanation caused by grating angle effect of dispersion and space stretching, it is ensured that the time-space dispersive that light beam reaches light beam on working face is zero.Compared with traditional acquisition technology based on grating inclination of wave front, it is inherently eliminated influence of the Grating angular spectral dispersion effect to inclination of wave front technical application effect.

Description

Grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrashort and ultrahigh laser, especially a kind of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device is wide for pulse When degree is greater than the ultrashort pulse time response measurement of hundred femtoseconds, pulse is measured using grating single correlation method.
Background technique
Ultrashort and ultrahigh laser technical field, laser pulse width and pulse signal-to-noise ratio are to evaluate extremely weighing for its output performance The parameter wanted.Ps Pulse Measurement has directly measurement and measurement two ways, direct measurement scheme use fast-response photoelectricity indirectly Detector+high-speed oscilloscope method is measured with streak camera.Indirect measurement scheme has, scanning (or single) second order (or Three ranks) correlation method, frequency resolved optical gating, be concerned with electric field Reconstruction Method etc. for self-reference spectrum position.
High energy bat watt (1015W) laser system is using chirped pulse optical parameter amplification (OPCPA), using Solid State Laser glass Disk amplifier is as gain media, due to factors such as thermotropic wavefront distortions, is all made of single operating mode at present.Typical laser Energy approximate number kJ (kilojoule), about one picosecond of pulse width, the bat watt of peak power number.The impulsive measurement of such laser system can only be taken Single measurement scheme.When using single correlation method measurement laser pulse, if directly allowing two beam ultrashort pulses in crystal Autocorrelation signal is generated, it, can only due to all many condition limitations such as optical element bore, crystalline size and measurement sampling laser fluxes Realize the measurement range of the hundreds of femtoseconds of longest.Using grating auto-correlation scheme, beam of laser will obtain inclination of wave front, in this way, When identical work bore, broader autocorrelation time window can be obtained in crystal, using the crystal ruler of identical bore Very little to can get bigger reference time measurement, Product-level representative value is less than 20ps.Theory analysis discovery, grating single auto-correlation When measuring number nano spectral width picosecond laser, the systematic error and pulsewidth phase that are introduced due to grating angle effect of dispersion When.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device, the device present invention compensates for grating Time explanation caused by angular dispersion effect and space stretching, it is ensured that the time-space dispersive that light beam reaches light beam on working face is zero. Compared with traditional acquisition technology based on grating inclination of wave front, Grating angular spectral dispersion effect has been inherently eliminated to inclination of wave front skill The influence of art application effect.When the device is applied to grating single auto-correlation ultrashort pulse measuring device, single can be reduced from phase The systematic error for closing device, provides a kind of reliable solution for high energy ultrashort laser pulse measurement.
To realize that above-mentioned target, technical solution of the invention are as follows:
A kind of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device, it is characterized in that: including the first balzed grating, by concave mirror The Offner optical system and the second balzed grating, the second balzed grating, constant and the first balzed grating, constituted with convex reflecting mirror Constant is equal, and the radius of curvature of the concave mirror is 2 times of the convex reflecting mirror, and the concave mirror and institute The convex reflecting mirror center of curvature stated is overlapped;Incident light becomes the first diffracted beam after the first balzed grating, diffraction, Diffraction light is incident on the concave mirror, the convex reflecting mirror is incident on after concave mirror reflection, through this The concave mirror is arrived again at after convex reflecting mirror reflection, arrives again at first after the concave mirror reflection Balzed grating, becomes the second diffraction light after the first balzed grating, diffraction again, and the second diffraction light is opposite along the incident light Direction be emitted to second balzed grating, become third diffraction light after the second balzed grating, diffraction, along diffraction direction It is transferred to working face, the working face is parallel with the grating face of second balzed grating,;The incident light is incident upon the first sudden strain of a muscle The incidence angle of credit grating is equal with the incidence angle that the second diffraction light is incident upon the second balzed grating,;The working face and first dodges The vertical range of credit grating is twice of the vertical range between the first balzed grating, and the convex reflecting mirror center point of curvature.
A kind of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device, it is characterized in that: including the first balzed grating, by concave mirror The Offner optical system constituted with convex reflecting mirror, corner cube mirror, the radius of curvature of the concave mirror are described convex 2 times of face reflecting mirror, and the concave mirror and the convex reflecting mirror center of curvature are overlapped;Incident light is through described Become the first diffraction light after first balzed grating, diffraction, diffraction light is incident on the concave mirror, through the concave mirror It is incident on the convex reflecting mirror after reflection, the concave mirror, warp are arrived again at after convex reflecting mirror reflection The first balzed grating, is arrived again at after the concave mirror reflection, becomes second after the first balzed grating, diffraction again and spreads out Light is penetrated, diffraction light is emitted to the corner cube mirror along the opposite direction of the incident light, reflects through the corner cube mirror It is transferred to the first balzed grating, for the third time afterwards, becomes third diffraction light after the first balzed grating, for the third time, diffraction light is incident To working face, the working face is parallel with the grating face of first balzed grating,;The incident light is incident upon first and glares The incidence angle of grid is equal with the incidence angle that the second diffraction light is incident upon the first balzed grating, from reflecting mirror;The working face and The vertical range of one balzed grating, is the vertical range between the first balzed grating, and the convex reflecting mirror center point of curvature Twice.
The concave mirror and convex reflecting mirror is spherical reflector or cylindrical mirror.
Technical effect of the invention is as follows:
By dispersion pre-compensation analytic explanation, the present invention compensates for time explanation caused by grating angle effect of dispersion and sky Between broaden, it is ensured that it is zero that light beam, which reaches the time-space dispersive of light beam on working face,.Skill is obtained based on grating inclination of wave front with traditional Art is compared, and influence of the Grating angular spectral dispersion effect to inclination of wave front technical application effect has been inherently eliminated.The device is applied to When grating single auto-correlation ultrashort pulse measuring device, the systematic error of single auto-correlation device can be reduced, being that high energy is ultrashort swashs Optical pulse detection provides a kind of reliable solution.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure light path schematic diagram of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device embodiment 1 of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the structure light path schematic diagram of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device embodiment 3 of the present invention
Fig. 3 is grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device dispersion pre-compensation schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device grating dispersion schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the invention will be further described, but protection model of the invention should not be limited with this It encloses.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device embodiment 1 of the present invention, with Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 Illustrate application method of the present invention in inclination of wave front acquisition technology.As seen from the figure, grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation of the present invention Device, including the first balzed grating, 1, Offner optical system and the second balzed grating, 4, the Offner optical system is by recessed Face reflecting mirror 2 and convex reflecting mirror 3 are constituted, the grating constant phase of the grating constant of the second balzed grating, 4 and the first balzed grating, 1 Deng the radius of curvature of the concave mirror 2 is 2 times of the radius of curvature of the convex reflecting mirror 3, and the concave surface The center of curvature of reflecting mirror 2 and the center of curvature of the convex reflecting mirror 3 coincide with 1: 200;Incident light 110 is through described After first balzed grating, 1 diffraction, the first diffraction light 120 of the first balzed grating, 1 output is incident on the concave mirror 2, The convex reflecting mirror 3 is incident on after 2 first reflection of concave mirror, through 3 second secondary reflection of convex reflecting mirror The third time reflected light 130 through the concave mirror 2 reaches the first balzed grating, 1, the third secondary reflection again afterwards Formation second diffraction light 140 of the light 130 after 1 diffraction of the first balzed grating, second diffraction light 140 is along the incident light 110 opposite directions are emitted to second balzed grating, 4, and third diffraction light is formed after 4 diffraction of the second balzed grating, 150, it is working face 5 along 150 direction of third diffraction light, the working face 5 is parallel with the grating face of second balzed grating, 4;
The incident light 110 is incident upon the incidence angle 401 of the first balzed grating, 1 and the second diffraction light 140 is incident upon The incidence angle 402 of two balzed grating,s 4 is equal;The vertical range of the working face 5 and the second balzed grating, 4 is first to glare Twice of vertical range between 3 center point of curvature 200 of grid 1 and the convex reflecting mirror.The concave surface in this embodiment Reflecting mirror and convex reflecting mirror are spherical reflector.
Incident beam 110, central wavelength λ0, spectral width is Δ λ, no inclination of wave front.Second diffracted beam 140 obtains Time domain and spatial dispersion precompensation.The light beam pass through the second balzed grating, diffraction, at working face 5 become non-dispersive (time and Space is without broadening) third diffracted beam 150, third diffracted beam 150 has certain inclination of wave front.
Beam center light is chosen below carries out grating dispersion analytic explanation the working principle of the invention:
As shown in figure 3, incident beam central ray 110 contains all wavelengths ingredient in the spectral region of tested light beam, with The incidence angle 401 of first time diffraction is incident from the point 201 on the first balzed grating, after the first balzed grating, diffraction, middle cardiac wave Long λ0Light 120 is emitted at an angle, and the light 121 for deviateing central wavelength d λ is emitted at different angles, they are through recessed The Offner optical system of face reflecting mirror and convex reflecting mirror composition, central wavelength light 130 are again incident at a certain angle It is transmitted after first balzed grating, along 140 directions, the light 131 for deviateing central wavelength is again incident on the first glittering with different angle It is transmitted after grating along 141 directions.According to Offner optical system characteristics, light 120 is parallel with 130, and light 121 is parallel with 131, According to grating formula, light 140 and 141 is parallel with light 110 respectively, and is spatially separating.According to geometrical relationship and optical grating diffraction Characteristic calculates separately 140 λ of light0With 141 (λ0+ d λ) time bias and spatial offset amount.
Time bias, i.e., 141 opposite 140 beam Propagation direction time delay, with wavelength variation relation such as Following formula:
Wherein, c is the light velocity, d1It is the grating constant of the first balzed grating, Lgg’It is anti-for the first balzed grating, and the convex surface Twice for penetrating the vertical range 301 between mirror curvature central point 200, γ are the incidence angles 401 of first time diffraction, and t is second to spread out Penetrate the time needed for light group is transferred to some section vertical with the direction of propagation.As can be seen that the pulse propagation that wavelength is longer It obtains faster.
Spatial offset amount, i.e., 141 is as follows with respect to the relationship of 140 distance and wavelength:
Wherein, Div is the distance that light deviates incident ray 110.As can be seen that pulse and incident ray that wavelength is longer Apart from smaller.
The diffraction of Fig. 4 expression parallelism of raster pair light beam.Space pre-compensates for light beam with the incidence angle 402 of third time diffraction Incident second balzed grating, 4, according to light path principle, the different wave length light group issued from point 203, central wavelength lambda0Light 150 are propagated with certain incident angles to the second balzed grating, 4, diffracted ray along 140 ' directions, deviate central wavelength d λ's Light 151 is with different incident angles to the second balzed grating, and second of diffracted ray is propagated along 141 ' directions, due to 140 ' It is consistent with the 141 ' directions of propagation.According to geometrical relationship and diffraction properties, these incident ray groups pass through the second balzed grating, 4 After diffraction, spatial offset occurs between different wave length light, i.e., 141 ' opposite 140 ' distance is as follows with the relationship of wavelength:
Wherein, d2It is grating constant, LgcIt is the vertical wheelbase in working face position 5 and the second balzed grating, face from 302, Div ' be The distance between emergent ray and the 203 to the second balzed grating, upright projection position 204 of point, γ ' is the incidence of third time diffraction Angle 402.As can be seen that from the light group that point 203 is launched after 4 diffraction of the second balzed grating, the longer pulse of wavelength and 204 The distance of point is bigger.
The relationship of time delay and wavelength of the light group after the second balzed grating, 4 is calculated according to the following formula simultaneously:
Wherein, t ' is to be transferred to from 203 points and the time needed for some vertical plane of 140 ' transmission directions.As can be seen that from The light group that point 203 is launched after the second balzed grating, diffraction, transmit slower by the longer pulse of wavelength.
According to light path principle, the light group that will obtain space-time precompensation converges in a little 203, and the time is without exhibition Width allows 140 and 140 ' light simultaneously, 141 be overlapped on the space-time of 141 ' light, need to meet following relationship:
From the above equation, we can see that the formula establishment condition is unrelated with light incoming position, so expanding to entire incident beam bore Interior, remaining non-central light is all satisfied relation above, i.e., is zero in the time-space dispersive of working face.It is simultaneously guarantee LgcNot with wavelength Change and change, then there must be d1=d2, and γ=γ ', the i.e. grating constant when 1 constant of the first grating and the second balzed grating, 4 It is identical, when the incidence angle 401 of first time diffraction and the equal incidence angle 402 of third time diffraction, Lgc=Lgg'.It is i.e. each in light beam The all wavelengths ingredient of light on working face 5 only by the same point, without the time difference between different wave length, in this way, from Fundamentally eliminate influence of the Grating angular spectral dispersion effect to inclination of wave front technical application effect.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 2 is the difference from embodiment 1 is that the concave mirror and convex reflecting mirror is cylindrical mirror.
Embodiment 3
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the structure light path schematic diagram of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device embodiment 3 of the present invention, As seen from the figure, grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device of the present invention, including the first balzed grating, 1, Offner optical system and straight Corner reflector 4 ', the Offner optical system are made of concave mirror 2 and convex reflecting mirror 3, the concave reflection The radius of curvature of mirror 2 is 2 times of the radius of curvature of the convex reflecting mirror 3, and the concave mirror 2 and described convex Reflecting mirror 3 center of curvature in face coincides with 1: 200;Incident light 110 is after 1 diffraction of the first balzed grating, the first glittering The first diffraction light 120 that grating 1 exports is incident on the concave mirror 2, enters after 2 first reflection of concave mirror Be mapped to the convex reflecting mirror 3, after 3 second secondary reflection of convex reflecting mirror again through the concave mirror 2 the Triple reflection light 130 reaches the first balzed grating, 1, shape of the third time reflected light 130 after 1 diffraction of the first balzed grating, The corner cube mirror 4 ' is emitted to along the opposite direction of the incident light 110 at the second diffraction light 140, it is anti-through the right angle It penetrates after mirror 4 ' reflects and is transferred to the first balzed grating, 1 for the third time, form third diffraction after 1 diffraction of the first balzed grating, for the third time Light 150 is working face 5 along 150 direction of third diffraction light, and the working face 5 is parallel with the grating face of first balzed grating, 1; The incident light 110 is incident upon the incidence angle 401 of the first balzed grating, 1 and second diffraction light 140 from described straight The incidence angle 402 that corner reflector 4 ' is incident upon the first balzed grating, 1 is equal;The working face 5 and the first balzed grating, 1 hangs down Straight distance is twice of the vertical range between 3 center point of curvature 200 of the first balzed grating, and the convex reflecting mirror.This implementation Concave mirror described in example and convex reflecting mirror are spherical reflector.
Illustrate application method of the present embodiment 3 in inclination of wave front technology with Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.It is anti-that light reaches right angle Working principle is the same as embodiment 1 before penetrating mirror 4 '.Light beam 140 arrives again at the first balzed grating, 1, the light after corner cube mirror 4 ' Beam passes through the first balzed grating, diffraction, becomes the third diffraction light of non-dispersive (time and space are without broadening) at working face 5 Beam 150,150 has certain inclination of wave front.
It chooses beam center light and carries out grating dispersion analytic explanation the working principle of the invention.
Working principle is the same as embodiment 1 before light reaches corner cube mirror 4 '.Light 140 and 141 passes through corner cube mirror Afterwards, spatial position exchanges up and down, is transferred to the first balzed grating, again.The mistake of working face position 5 is reached through the first balzed grating, Journey is the same as embodiment 1.According to the analysis of embodiment 1, formula (5) is in this example due to d2=d1, and the incidence angle of first time diffraction 401 is equal with the incidence angle 402 of third time diffraction, there is L at this timegc=Lgg', i.e., all wavelengths ingredient of each light in light beam In working face position (5) only by a point, and without the time difference between different wave length, in this way, being inherently eliminated grating Influence of the angle dispersion effect to inclination of wave front technical application effect.
Embodiment 4
The difference of embodiment 4 and embodiment 3 is that the concave mirror and convex reflecting mirror are cylindrical mirror.
By the dispersion pre-compensation analytic explanation of above embodiments, caused by the present invention compensates for grating angle effect of dispersion Time explanation and space stretching, it is ensured that the time-space dispersive that light beam reaches light beam on working face is zero.With traditional based on grating wave Top rake obtains technology and compares, and has been inherently eliminated influence of the Grating angular spectral dispersion effect to inclination of wave front technical application effect. When the device is applied to grating single auto-correlation ultrashort pulse measuring device, the systematic error of single auto-correlation device can be reduced, A kind of reliable solution is provided for high energy ultrashort laser pulse measurement.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device, which is characterized in that the device include the first balzed grating, (1), Offner optical system and the second balzed grating, (4), the Offner optical system is by concave mirror (2) and convex refractive Mirror (3) is constituted, the grating constant of the second balzed grating, (4) concave surface equal, described with the grating constant of the first balzed grating, (1) The radius of curvature of reflecting mirror (2) is 2 times of the radius of curvature of the convex reflecting mirror (3), and the concave mirror (2) A bit (200) are coincided with described convex reflecting mirror (3) center of curvature;Incident light (110) is through first balzed grating, (1) after diffraction, the first diffraction light (120) of the first balzed grating, (1) output is incident on the concave mirror (2), through this The convex reflecting mirror (3) is incident on after concave mirror (2) first reflection, it is anti-through second of the convex reflecting mirror (3) Third time reflected light (130) through the concave mirror (2) reaches the first balzed grating, (1) again after penetrating, and described the The second diffraction light (140) that triple reflection light (130) is formed after the first balzed grating, (1) diffraction is along the incident light (110) opposite direction is emitted to second balzed grating, (4), forms third after the second balzed grating, (4) diffraction and spreads out Light (150) are penetrated, are working face (5) along third diffraction light (150) direction, the working face (5) and second balzed grating, (4) Grating face is parallel;The incident light (110) is incident upon the incidence angle (401) and the second diffraction light of the first balzed grating, (1) (140) incidence angle (402) for being incident upon the second balzed grating, (4) is equal;The working face (5) and the second balzed grating, (4) Vertical range be vertical range between the first balzed grating, (1) and the convex reflecting mirror (3) center point of curvature (200) Twice.
2. a kind of grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device, which is characterized in that the device include the first balzed grating, (1), Offner optical system and corner cube mirror (4 '), the Offner optical system is by concave mirror (2) and convex refractive Mirror (3) is constituted, and the radius of curvature of the concave mirror (2) is 2 times of the radius of curvature of the convex reflecting mirror (3), And the concave mirror (2) and the convex reflecting mirror (3) center of curvature coincides with a bit (200);Incident light (110) After described the first balzed grating, (1) diffraction, the first diffraction light (120) of the first balzed grating, (1) output is incident on described Concave mirror (2), the convex reflecting mirror (3) is incident on after concave mirror (2) first reflection, it is convex through this The third time reflected light (130) through the concave mirror (2) reaches the first sudden strain of a muscle again after (3) second secondary reflection of face reflecting mirror It shines grating (1), the second diffraction light (140) that the third time reflected light (130) is formed after the first balzed grating, (1) diffraction The direction opposite along the incident light (110) is emitted to the corner cube mirror (4 '), anti-through the corner cube mirror (4 ') The first balzed grating, (1) is transferred to after penetrating for the third time, forms third diffraction light after the first balzed grating, (1) diffraction for the third time It (150), is working face (5) along third diffraction light (150) direction, the grating of the working face (5) and first balzed grating, (1) Face is parallel;The incident light (110) be incident upon the first balzed grating, (1) incidence angle (401) and second diffraction light (140) incidence angle (402) for being incident upon the first balzed grating, (1) from the corner cube mirror (4 ') is equal;The work The vertical range of face (5) and the first balzed grating, (1) is the first balzed grating, and the convex reflecting mirror (3) center point of curvature (200) twice of the vertical range between.
3. grating inclination of wave front dispersion compensation device according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that the concave mirror It is spherical reflector or cylindrical mirror with convex reflecting mirror.
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CN109682484A (en) * 2019-02-01 2019-04-26 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 A kind of single-shot time femto-second laser pulse waveform meter
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