CN1105167C - 表面活性剂组合物 - Google Patents
表面活性剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1105167C CN1105167C CN97193451A CN97193451A CN1105167C CN 1105167 C CN1105167 C CN 1105167C CN 97193451 A CN97193451 A CN 97193451A CN 97193451 A CN97193451 A CN 97193451A CN 1105167 C CN1105167 C CN 1105167C
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 oxypropylene group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 6
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- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003165 hydrotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N protonated dimethyl amine Natural products CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIWBPDUYBMNFTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCOS(O)(=O)=O KIWBPDUYBMNFTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004435 Oxo alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002582 Polyethylene Glycol 600 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920013701 VORANOL™ Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001346 alkyl aryl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005211 alkyl trimethyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940028356 diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPVXINJRXRIDDB-VCDGYCQFSA-N dodecanoic acid;(2r,3r,4r,5s)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O MPVXINJRXRIDDB-VCDGYCQFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEGBSFPALGFMJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;sodium Chemical group [Na].C=C BEGBSFPALGFMJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl sulfate(1-) Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940059574 pentaerithrityl Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002523 polyethylene Glycol 1000 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000259 polyoxyethylene lauryl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BTURAGWYSMTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dodecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O BTURAGWYSMTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940082004 sodium laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVEFRICMTUKAML-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium tetradecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)CCC(CC(C)C)OS([O-])(=O)=O FVEFRICMTUKAML-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XZTJQQLJJCXOLP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;decyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O XZTJQQLJJCXOLP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxidane Chemical compound OOO JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N veratrole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1OC ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/42—Ethers, e.g. polyglycol ethers of alcohols or phenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
- C11D1/8255—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic containing a combination of compounds differently alcoxylised or with differently alkylated chains
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/02—Alkyl sulfonates or sulfuric acid ester salts derived from monohydric alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
一种无着火危险或气味问题、含有冬季无凝固之虞的添加剂并使得能容易地从其制备低粘度水溶液的表面活性剂组合物。该组合物含有如下化合物(1)A-[(EO)x-(PO)y-(EO)x＇-H]n和一种表面活性剂，式中A代表有n个活泼氢原子的化合物脱除全部活泼氢原子而生成的残基；n是2～4的数；EO代表氧亚乙基；PO代表氧亚丙基；x和x＇是1以上的数；y是0.5～6的数，先决条件是：(EO)x、(PO)y和(EO)x＇是按该顺序嵌段结合的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及表面活性剂组合物。更具体地说，涉及可作为家庭用和工业用洗涤剂、乳化剂、增溶剂、分散剂使用的、容易配制成高浓度且低粘度表面活性剂水溶液的表面活性剂组合物。
背景技术
表面活性剂早就已知可作为洗涤剂、乳化剂、增溶剂、分散剂使用。然而，表面活性剂的浓水溶液，由于要么凝胶化要么高粘度，对其使用方法或制备配有表面活性剂的组合物时产生种种制约。
因此，早就有人提出向表面活性剂中加进添加剂来降低浓水溶液的粘度。
例如，可以列举对阴离子型表面活性剂、非离子型表面活性剂的混合物添加聚乙二醇的方法(特公昭44-1703号、特开平4-227698号)或添加特定溶剂组合的方法(特开昭50-92308号)，此外，添加乙醇或丙二醇(特开平8-3587号)或添加对甲苯磺酸钠等水溶助长剂的方法也是众所周知的。
然而，由于聚乙二醇熔点高(Nonionic Surfact ant，Shick编，p.784，Marcel Dekker公司，1967年)，操作性或组合物的稳定性有问题，效果也不令人满意。乙醇等溶剂虽然其效果优异，但引火性危险增大，而且气味强烈。另一方面，对甲苯磺酸钠等离子型水溶助长剂，由于价格高而且离子强度高，因而其添加量受到限制。
此外，WO96/33800公开了利用4～12个碳的二元醇或其烯化氧加成物使水溶性低的表面活性剂、尤其阳离子型表面活性剂均匀分散或增溶于水中的技术。
US-A4338212也公开了环氧乙烷加成型非离子型表面活性剂与链烷-1，2-二醇的环氧乙烷加成物的组合。
发明公开
本发明的课题是提供一种配入了既无着火危险或气味问题也无冬季凝固之虞的添加剂，而且可以容易地配制低粘度水溶液的表面活性剂组合物。
本发明者等人发现，含有具有特定结构的聚氧亚烷基型化合物和表面活性剂的组合物能解决上述课题，终于完成了本发明。
本发明是含有下述式(I)所示化合物和至少一种表面活性剂的表面活性剂组合物：
A-[(EO)x-(PO)y-(EO)x′-H]n (I)式中，A表示有n个活泼氢的化合物去除全部活泼氢而生成的残基，n表示2～4的数，EO表示氧亚乙基，PO表示氧亚丙基，x、x′分别是表示环氧乙烷平均加成摩尔数的1以上的数，y是表示环氧丙烷平均加成摩尔数的0.5～6的数，(EO)x、(PO)y、(EO)x′按照这一顺序嵌段结合。
以下详细说明本发明的实施形态。
本发明中要使用的式(I)所示化合物，可以通过在式(II)所示化合物上
A-[H]n (II)(式中A和n表示上述含义)按照环氧乙烷、然后环氧丙烷、再环氧乙烷的顺序嵌段加成得到。
作为上述式(II)代表的化合物，除n元的醇、胺、酰胺外，还可以列举水、氨、硫化氢等。尤其水或6个以下碳原子的多元醇，因难以着色且无气味之忧，是较好的。元数n越低，式(I)所示化合物的分子量就越小，因而有利于本发明组合物水溶液粘度的降低。
作为式(II)所示化合物的具体例，n＝2时可以列举水、乙二醇、丙二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、1，3-丁二醇、1，6-己二醇、新戊二醇、甲基二乙醇胺等，n＝3时可以列举甘油、三(羟甲基)丙烷、三乙醇胺等，n＝4时可以列举季戊四醇、双甘油等。这些化合物中，尤其好的是水、乙二醇、丙二醇、新戊二醇。
此外，作为在式(II)所示化合物上加成烯化氧的方法，可以列举利用众所周知的烷氧基化反应在催化剂存在下加成的方法，但在本发明中烯化氧的加成顺序是重要的，要首先加成环氧乙烷，、其次加成环氧丙烷、再加成环氧乙烷这样依次嵌段加成。这种烷氧基化中可以使用的催化剂，既可以是酸催化剂也可以是碱催化剂，而且还可以用特开平7-227540号中记载的MgO-ZnO、MgO-SnO、MgO-TiO2、MgO-SbO等能给出狭窄烯化氧加成分布(narrow range)的催化剂、特开平1-164437号中记载的同样Mg系催化剂这样能选择性给出狭窄烯化氧加成分布的催化剂来合成。
本发明的式(I)所示化合物的环氧乙烷平均加成摩尔数x、x′在1以上，但当其合计(x+x′)是第一条(EO)x-(PO)y-(EO)x′-H链较好为4～20、更好地为5～16摩尔时，式(I)所示化合物变得与水的相溶性特别好、难以凝固，作为目的的表面活性剂水溶液的粘度变低。
而且，式(I)所示化合物的环氧丙烷平均加成摩尔数y是每一条(EO)x-(PO)y-(EO)x′- 链为0.5～6摩尔，较好为1～4.5摩尔。若环氧丙烷的平均加成摩尔数超过6摩尔，则式(I)所示化合物的水溶性降低，或变得难以起泡，而在不足0.5摩尔的情况下，可操作性或组合物的稳定性有问题。
本发明的表面活性剂组合物含有上述式(I)所示化合物和表面活性剂，但作为本发明中要使用的表面活性剂，既可以是阴离子型表面活性剂、阳离子型表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂、非离子型表面活性剂中任何一种，也可以是数种不同表面活性剂的混合物。
作为阴离子型表面活性剂，可以列举烷基硫酸盐、烷基醚硫酸盐、直链烷基苯磺酸盐、α-链烯烃磺酸盐、α-磺基脂肪酸盐、高级脂肪酸盐、链烷磺酸盐、高级醇乙氧基化物的羧甲基化物的盐等。更具体地说，作为烷基硫酸盐，可以列举十二烷基硫酸钠、十四烷基硫酸钠、癸基硫酸钠；作为烷基醚硫酸盐，可以列举n-C12H25O(EO)mSO3Na(m＝2～4)、羰基合成醇(例如，Dobanol 23和Dobanol 25(三菱化学公司制，商品名)等)的环氧乙烷加成物的硫酸酯钠盐等；作为直链烷基苯磺酸盐，可以列举十二烷基苯磺酸钠；作为高级脂肪酸盐，可以列举月桂酸钠、半硬化牛脂脂肪酸钾、油酸钠等。
作为阳离子型表面活性剂，可以列举有8～18个烷基碳的烷基三甲铵盐、烷基吡啶鎓盐、二烷基二甲铵盐、二羟乙基烷基胺与硫酸二乙酯或硫酸二甲酯反应生成的季铵盐、烷基胺、烷基二甲胺用酸中和的产物等。
作为两性表面活性剂，可以列举有8～18个烷基碳的烷基二甲胺的羧甲基化物、烷基二甲胺氧化物等。
作为非离子型表面活性剂，可以列举聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚、聚氧乙烯缩水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、聚甘油脂肪酸酯、烷基多苷、环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷对醇加成生成的聚氧亚烷基烷基醚等。更具体地说，可以列举聚氧乙烯月桂基醚、聚氧乙烯肉豆蔻基醚、聚氧乙烯壬基苯基醚、聚氧乙烯缩水山梨糖醇月桂酸酯、聚甘油油酸酯、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯月桂基醚(包括环氧乙烷对醇加成后的环氧丙烷加成物，环氧丙烷对醇加成后的环氧乙烷加成物，环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷对醇的无规加成物，环氧乙烷对醇加成后加成环氧丙烷再加成环氧乙烷的加成物等种种加成方式的生成物)、环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷对羰基法合成醇(例如，Dobano1 23和Dobanol 25(三菱化学公司制，商品名)等)的加成物(包括种种加成方式)等。
上述表面活性剂中，较好的是非离子型表面活性剂和阴离子型表面活性剂，尤其好的是聚氧亚烷基烷基醚、烷基醚硫酸盐。
本发明的表面活性剂组合物中通式(I)所示化合物的含量必要时可以改变，但较好的是0.01～20％(重量)、特别好的是0.1～10％(重量)。
而且，本发明的表面活性剂组合物中表面活性剂的含量是没有特别限定的，但较好的是1～99.99％(重量)，更好的是10～99.9％(重量)。
本发明的表面活性剂组合物可以是不含水而只由表面活性剂和通式(I)所示化合物组成的组合物，但在无损于本发明效果的范围内，也可以含有乙醇、异丙醇、丙二醇、乙二醇单丁醚、二甘醇单丁醚等溶剂，或聚丙烯酸钠等分散剂，次氮基三乙酸钠、乙二胺四乙酸钠等螯合剂，单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺等碱剂，或沸石、硅酸钠、多磷酸盐等无机物。进而，还可以是向上述成分中添加了水的水溶液。
本发明的表面活性剂组合物没有引火性危险或气味问题，因组合物中添加剂的凝固点低而无冬季凝固之虞，而且可以容易地制成粘度比以往低的水溶液。因此，可以作为家庭用和工业用的洗涤剂、乳化剂、增溶剂、分散剂，或者作为配方的原料或最终制品使用。
以下用式(I)所示化合物的合成例以及本发明表面活性剂组合物的实施例更详细地说明本发明，但本发明不限于这些实施例。要说明的是，例中的％除非特别指出否则均以重量计。合成例1下述式(I-1)所示化合物(以下简称化合物(I-1))的合成
向配备了环氧乙烷用和环氧丙烷用的2个计量槽的5升旋转搅拌式高压釜中加入新戊二醇250g、氢氧化钾54g，进行氮气置换后升温至110℃，在40 Torr进行1小时脱水。然后升温至150℃，以3.5kg/cm2的压力把环氧乙烷1057g导入高压釜中，进行反应直至压力下降而达到恒定之后，冷却至120℃，以3.5kg/cm2的压力把环氧丙烷557g导入高压釜中。同环氧乙烷的情况一样，进行反应直至压力下降而达到恒定为止。然后，再升温至150℃，导入环氧乙烷1057g，进行反应直至压力下降而达到恒定为止。反应结束后，使温度降低，取出合成的样品，得到约2.9kg化合物(I-1)。这种化合物(I-1)的凝固点在0℃以下。
合成例2
下述式(I-2)所示化合物(以下简称化合物(I-2))的合成
除合成例1的新戊二醇变成乙二醇149g、先用环氧乙烷634g、然后用环氧丙烷557g、再用环氧乙烷1057g进行反应外，同合成例1一样反应，合成了化合物(I-2)。这种化合物(I-2)的凝固点在0℃以下。
合成例3
下述式(I-3)所示化合物(以下简称化合物(I-3))的合成
除合成例1中先用环氧乙烷1480g、然后用环氧丙烷1114g、再用环氧乙烷1480g反应外，同合成例1一样反应，合成了化合物(I-3)。这种化合物(I-3)的凝固点在0℃以下。
合成例4
下述式(I-4a)和(I-4b)所示化合物组成的混合物(以下简称化合物(I-4))的合成
合成例1中新戊二醇变成乙二醇149g，加入48％氢氧化钾水溶液11.3g，进行氮气置换后，不进行脱水就升温到150℃。升温前的水分是4.7％。
除先用环氧乙烷1243g、然后用环氧丙烷655g、再用环氧乙烷1243g反应外，同合成例1一样反应，合成了混合物(I-4)。
这种混合物的水分是0.07％，羟值是96.5mgKOH/g。从此可以确认，加入原料中的水分大部分反应了，生成了混合物(I-4)。
实施例1～10和比较例1～15
向表1和表2中所示表面活性剂和添加剂中加水，得到表1和表2中所示组成的表面活性剂组合物。测定了各表面活性剂组合物在25℃的粘度。结果列于表1和表2中。
要说明的是，水溶液粘度的测定是用E型粘度计(东机产业公司制VISCONIC-EMD)进行的。
表1
注)
| 表面活性剂组合物配方组成 | 水溶液的粘度(25℃、cp) | |||||
| 表面活性剂 | 添 加 剂 | 水(％) | ||||
| 种类 | 含有量(％) | 种类 | 含有量(％) | |||
| 实施例1 | n-C12H25O-(EO)2.5-SO3Na | 23.8 | 化合物(I-1) | 4.8 | 714 | 20.4 |
| 比较例1 | 同上 | 同上 | 76.2 | 225 | ||
| 比较例2 | 同上 | 同上 | PEG 1000*3 | 4.8 | 71.4 | 107 |
| 比较例3 | 同上 | 同上 | 乙醇 | 4.8 | 71.4 | 36.7 |
| 比较例4 | 同上 | 同上 | PPG 1000*4 | 4.8 | 71.4 | 141.8 |
| 实施例2 | 十二烷基苯磺酸Na*1 | 24.8 | 化合物(I-2) | 1.0 | 74.2 | 704 |
| 实施例3 | 同上 | 同上 | 化合物(I-4) | 1.0 | 74.2 | 680 |
| 比较例5 | 同上 | 同上 | 75.2 | 2840 | ||
| 比较例6 | 同上 | 同上 | PEG 600*5 | 1.0 | 74.2 | 950 |
| 实施例4 | POE(9)壬基苯基醚 | 50.0 | 化合物(I-3) | 5.0 | 45.0 | 550 |
| 比较例7 | 同上 | 同上 | 50.0 | 1340 | ||
| 比较例8 | 同上 | 同上 | 丙二醇 | 5.0 | 45.0 | 891 |
| 实施例5 | POE(9)2级烷基醚*2 | 70.0 | 化合物(I-1) | 5.0 | 25.0 | 134 |
| 实施例6 | 同上 | 同上 | 化合物(I-4) | 5.0 | 25.0 | 125 |
| 比较例9 | 同上 | 同上 | 30.0 | 1574 | ||
| 比较例10 | 同上 | 同上 | 丙二醇 | 5.0 | 25.0 | 162 |
*1：Neopelex F-65(花王公司制，商品名)
*2：Softanol90(日本触媒公司制，商品名)
*3：聚乙二醇(分子量1,000)
*4：聚丙二醇(分子量1,000)
*5：聚乙二醇(分子量600)
Claims (6)
1.表面活性剂组合物，它包括：
式(I)所示化合物0.01～20重量％，和
至少一种表面活性剂1-99.99重量％，
式1为
A-[(EO)x-(PO)y-(EO)x′-H]n (I)
式中，
A是从水或从6个以下碳原子的多元醇脱除其活泼氢后的残基；
n表示2～4的数；
EO表示氧亚乙基；
PO表示氧亚丙基；
x、x′表示环氧乙烷的平均加成摩尔数，它们分别为1或以上的数；
y表示环氧丙烷的平均加成摩尔数，其范围为0.5～6，
条件是(EO)x、(PO)y、(EO)x′依此顺序嵌段结合。
2.权利要求1记载的组合物，其中，x与x′之和是4～20。
3.权利要求1记载的组合物，其中，所述表面活性剂是非离子型表面活性剂或阴离子型表面活性剂。
4.权利要求1记载的组合物，其中，A是从水、乙二醇、丙二醇或新戊二醇脱除活泼氢后的残基。
5.权利要求1记载的组合物，其中，y是1～4.5。
6.权利要求1记载的组合物，其中，所述表面活性剂是聚氧亚烷基烷基醚或烷基醚硫酸盐。
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| JP321271/96 | 1996-12-02 |
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| CN1214723A CN1214723A (zh) | 1999-04-21 |
| CN1105167C true CN1105167C (zh) | 2003-04-09 |
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| EP (1) | EP0882784B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP3672935B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1105167C (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69716243T2 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2183219T3 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW391981B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1998024866A1 (zh) |
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| JP3025763B1 (ja) * | 1999-03-04 | 2000-03-27 | 花王株式会社 | 乳化重合用界面活性剤組成物 |
| FR2852596B1 (fr) | 2003-03-18 | 2007-02-23 | Rhodia Elect & Catalysis | Composition a base d'oxydes de cerium et de zirconium a surface specifique stable entre 900 c et 1000 c, son procede de preparation et son utilisation comme catalyseur |
| WO2015140102A1 (de) * | 2014-03-20 | 2015-09-24 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur tertiären erdölförderung unter verwendung von alkoxylaten mit mittelständigem propylenoxy-block |
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| US4115457A (en) * | 1976-07-07 | 1978-09-19 | Sandoz Ltd. | Polyglycol ether derivatives |
| US5215683A (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1993-06-01 | Shell Oil Company | Highly concentrated liquid surface active compositions containing alcohol ethoxylate and alcohol ethoxysulfate |
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| CH1606070A4 (zh) * | 1970-10-30 | 1976-01-30 | ||
| DE2529444C3 (de) * | 1975-07-02 | 1982-04-15 | Blendax-Werke R. Schneider Gmbh & Co, 6500 Mainz | Flüssiges Feinwaschmittel |
| KR900016443A (ko) * | 1989-04-26 | 1990-11-13 | 오노 알버어스 | 표면 활성 조성물 및 그 제조방법 |
| JPH05125391A (ja) * | 1991-03-28 | 1993-05-21 | Union Carbide Chem & Plast Technol Corp | 洗浄用組成物及びその使用方法 |
| DE4232414A1 (de) * | 1992-09-28 | 1994-03-31 | Henkel Kgaa | Sulfatierte Schwefelverbindungen |
-
1997
- 1997-11-26 TW TW086117770A patent/TW391981B/zh active
- 1997-12-02 CN CN97193451A patent/CN1105167C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1997-12-02 DE DE69716243T patent/DE69716243T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-02 JP JP52122898A patent/JP3672935B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-02 EP EP97946068A patent/EP0882784B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4115457A (en) * | 1976-07-07 | 1978-09-19 | Sandoz Ltd. | Polyglycol ether derivatives |
| US5215683A (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1993-06-01 | Shell Oil Company | Highly concentrated liquid surface active compositions containing alcohol ethoxylate and alcohol ethoxysulfate |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110249039A (zh) * | 2017-01-27 | 2019-09-17 | 宝洁公司 | 浓缩型表面活性剂组合物 |
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| JP3672935B2 (ja) | 2005-07-20 |
| ES2183219T3 (es) | 2003-03-16 |
| EP0882784A1 (en) | 1998-12-09 |
| EP0882784A4 (en) | 2000-11-15 |
| TW391981B (en) | 2000-06-01 |
| CN1214723A (zh) | 1999-04-21 |
| EP0882784B1 (en) | 2002-10-09 |
| WO1998024866A1 (fr) | 1998-06-11 |
| DE69716243D1 (de) | 2002-11-14 |
| DE69716243T2 (de) | 2003-09-11 |
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