CN110498844B - 小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒 - Google Patents
小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110498844B CN110498844B CN201810480834.5A CN201810480834A CN110498844B CN 110498844 B CN110498844 B CN 110498844B CN 201810480834 A CN201810480834 A CN 201810480834A CN 110498844 B CN110498844 B CN 110498844B
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/005—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from viruses
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Abstract
本发明涉及小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒。本发明的检测试剂盒包括基底,以及独立地连接于所述基底上的特定多肽或特定多肽组合。
Description
技术领域
本发明主要涉及兽用诊断试剂盒及诊断方法。具体而言,本发明涉及用于检测对象生物来源的生物样本中是否存在抗小反刍兽疫病毒的抗体(IgG)的试剂盒。
背景技术
小反刍兽疫(Peste des Petits Ruminants,PPR),也称羊瘟、小反刍兽伪牛瘟、卡他肺炎、肺肠炎以及肺肠炎综合症,是由小反刍兽疫病毒(Peste des Peties RuminantsVirus,PPRV)引起的一种严重危害山羊、绵羊等小反刍类动物的传染病,山羊高度易感,且发病率和病死率均较高。PPR在世界上被认为是十分重要的烈性传染病之一,在我国也被列为一类动物传染病。
1942年,小反刍疫首次在西非的科特迪瓦报导,随后几年,尼日利亚、塞拉利昂和加纳等国均发生过此类病,近几年中非、东非、西亚以及南亚的许多国家均发现此种病传染。我国农业部2007年7月26日也发布在西藏自治区日土县发生小反刍疫情。对我国养羊业构成严重威胁。
小反刍兽疫病毒的基因组是单股负链、无节段RNA,其RNA链从3’端至5’端依次分布着N-P-M-F-H-L6个基因,编码6种结构蛋白(核蛋白(N)、磷蛋白(P)、多聚酶大蛋白(L)、基质蛋白(M)、融合蛋白(F)和血凝蛋白(H))和2种非结构蛋白(C和V)。
该病的初步诊断,可根据临床症状和病理变化作出判断,而确诊需进行实验室检查。其中,血清学诊断方法仍为常规采用的方法,包括:琼脂扩散试验(AGID)、沉淀抑制试验(CIEP)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、间接荧光抗体试验(IFA)和病毒中和试验(VNT)、RT-PCR-ELISA等。其中,VNT和ELISA两种方法最为重要,在国际贸易中,前者为指定方法,后者为替代方法。
VNT虽是敏感特异的检测方法,但也存在一些缺点,如(1)费时,一般10~12天才能获得结果。(2)条件严格,涉及细胞培养和试验样品的无菌处理,结果判定要有经验等,在发展中国家,尤其现地基层,没有条件开展。(3)费力,工作量和劳动强度大,不适合大量样品的检测。与此相对,酶联免疫测定的特异性和敏感性较高、检测时间比病毒中和试验短且适合检测大量样品,因此,被广泛应用于小反刍兽疫病毒抗体的检测。
用于小反刍兽疫病毒抗体检测的酶联免疫测定方法主要包括竞争酶联免疫测定(c-ELISA)、阻断酶联免疫测定(b-ELISA)和间接酶联免疫测定(间接ELISA)。c-ELISA和b-ELISA的特异性和敏感性都比较高,是被临床普遍接受的小反刍兽疫病毒抗体检测方法,例如国际上通用的法国BIRAD实验室的小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒就采用了c-ELISA方法。但是,c-ELISA和b-ELISA均需使用单克隆抗体,这造成检测成本大幅提高;而且,c-ELISA和b-ELISA的操作繁琐、检测时间长(虽然相对于VNT已经有所缩短)、判据复杂。另一方面,传统的间接ELISA使用源自小反刍兽疫病毒的完整蛋白(例如H蛋白、N蛋白、F蛋白等)或重组蛋白作为包被抗原来检测血清中的抗体,其成本低于c-ELISA和b-ELISA;但是,由于该方法使用完整蛋白作为抗原,容易发生抗体的错误识别和非特异性识别,因此,其特异性和敏感性都不及c-ELISA和b-ELISA。
因此,需要开发出检测成本低、检测时间短、操作简便、特异性和敏感性高的小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒。
发明内容
鉴于上述现有技术中存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种检测成本低、检测时间短、操作简便、特异性和敏感性高的小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒,以及能够用于制备该试剂盒的多肽或多肽组合。
基于抗原表位多肽的间接ELISA方法使用抗原表位多肽(20个氨基酸左右的单条多肽通常只包含一个抗原表位)作为包被抗原。发明人发现:该方法的敏感性往往偏低,单条多肽的敏感性一般不会超过50%;而灵敏性高的多肽,假阳性率也高,即特异性低。如果能够通过某种方式同时提高检测的特异性和敏感性,就可以克服传统的间接ELISA的缺点,开发出特异性和敏感性均可媲美c-ELISA和b-ELISA、甚至更高的小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒。
发明人为解决上述技术问题进行了深入研究,结果发现了下述多肽组合1。当以该下述多肽组合1中的至少任意两条对对象生物来源的生物样本有响应作为指标时,可以以90.2%的敏感性和91.3%的特异性诊断小反刍兽疫,完全可以与c-ELISA方法和b-ELISA方法媲美。
因此,本发明包括:
1.一种小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒,其包括基底,以及独立地固定于所述基底上的下述多肽组合1;
多肽组合1由SEQ ID NO:1~10所示的多肽组成
SEQ ID NO:1所示的序列为N50:SAEALFRLQAMAKILEDQEE的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:2所示的序列为N49:SSQNPREAQRSAEALFRLQA的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:3所示的序列为F54:LKPDLTGTSKSYVRSL的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:4所示的序列为F13:VATAAQITAGVALHQSLMNS的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:5所示的序列为N41:TGDERTVRGTGPRQAQVSFL的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:6所示的序列为H37:NEANWVVPSTDVRDLQNKGE的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:7所示的序列为N9:VESPGQIQRITDDPDVSIR的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:8所示的序列为F10:TKNVRPIQTLTPGRRTRRFV的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:9所示的序列为F52:CCCKGRCRNKEIPASKINPG的多肽,以及
SEQ ID NO:10所示的序列为F11:TPGRRTRRFVGAVLAGVALG的多肽。
2.根据项1所述的小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒,其用于通过检测对象生物来源的生物样本中是否存在抗小反刍兽疫病毒的抗体(IgG),诊断对象生物是否被小反刍兽疫病毒感染或小反刍兽疫疫苗免疫。
3.根据项2所述的小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒,其中,所述对象生物小反刍动物。
4.根据项2或3所述的小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒,其中,所述对象生物是山羊或绵羊。
5.根据项2~4中任一项所述的小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒,其中,所述生物样本是全血、血浆或血清。
6.下述多肽组合1在制备小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒中的用途;
多肽组合1由SEQ ID NO:1~10所示的多肽组成
SEQ ID NO:1所示的序列为N50:SAEALFRLQAMAKILEDQEE的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:2所示的序列为N49:SSQNPREAQRSAEALFRLQA的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:3所示的序列为F54:LKPDLTGTSKSYVRSL的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:4所示的序列为F13:VATAAQITAGVALHQSLMNS的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:5所示的序列为N41:TGDERTVRGTGPRQAQVSFL的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:6所示的序列为H37:NEANWVVPSTDVRDLQNKGE的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:7所示的序列为N9:VESPGQIQRITDDPDVSIR的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:8所示的序列为F10:TKNVRPIQTLTPGRRTRRFV的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:9所示的序列为F52:CCCKGRCRNKEIPASKINPG的多肽,以及
SEQ ID NO:10所示的序列为F11:TPGRRTRRFVGAVLAGVALG的多肽。
7.根据项6所述的用途,其中,所述小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒用于通过检测对象生物来源的生物样本中是否存在抗小反刍兽疫病毒的抗体(IgG),诊断对象生物是否被小反刍兽疫病毒感染或小反刍兽疫疫苗免疫。
8.根据项7所述的用途,其中,所述对象生物小反刍动物。
9.根据项7或8所述的用途,其中,所述对象生物是山羊或绵羊。
10.根据项7~9中任一项所述的用途,其中,所述生物样本是全血、血浆或血清。
上述多肽及试剂盒可以用于检测对象生物来源的生物样本中是否存在抗小反刍兽疫病毒的抗体(IgG)。通常,生物样本中的小反刍兽疫病毒抗体(IgG)是由于对象生物被小反刍兽疫病毒感染或被小反刍兽疫疫苗免疫而产生的,因此,上述多肽及试剂盒可以用于诊断对象生物是否被小反刍兽疫病毒感染或小反刍兽疫疫苗免疫。
发明的具体实施方式
首先,本发明提供下述多肽组合1:
多肽组合1由SEQ ID NO:1~10所示的多肽组成
SEQ ID NO:1所示的序列为N50:SAEALFRLQAMAKILEDQEE的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:2所示的序列为N49:SSQNPREAQRSAEALFRLQA的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:3所示的序列为F54:LKPDLTGTSKSYVRSL的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:4所示的序列为F13:VATAAQITAGVALHQSLMNS的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:5所示的序列为N41:TGDERTVRGTGPRQAQVSFL的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:6所示的序列为H37:NEANWVVPSTDVRDLQNKGE的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:7所示的序列为N9:VESPGQIQRITDDPDVSIR的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:8所示的序列为F10:TKNVRPIQTLTPGRRTRRFV的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:9所示的序列为F52:CCCKGRCRNKEIPASKINPG的多肽,以及
SEQ ID NO:10所示的序列为F11:TPGRRTRRFVGAVLAGVALG的多肽。
与基于抗原表位多肽的间接ELISA方法中,单条多肽的一般不超过50%的敏感性相比,在以该多肽组合1中的至少任意两条对对象生物来源的生物样本有响应作为指标的情况下,可以以90.2%的敏感性和91.3%的特异性诊断小反刍兽疫。
本说明书中,敏感性是指:用“金标准”方法确认的阳性样本中,被其他方法测定为阳性样本的比例。特异性是指:用“金标准”方法确认的阴性样本中,被其他方法测定为阴性样本的比例。对于小反刍兽疫病毒抗体的检测而言,本技术领域的“金标准”是病毒中和试验(VNT)。
上述多肽组合可以作为检测探针用于制备检测对象生物来源的生物样本中是否存在抗小反刍兽疫病毒的抗体(IgG)的试剂盒。通常,生物样本中的小反刍兽疫病毒抗体(IgG)是由于对象生物被小反刍兽疫病毒感染或被小反刍兽疫疫苗免疫而产生的,因此,上述多肽组合及试剂盒可以用于诊断对象生物是否被小反刍兽疫病毒感染或小反刍兽疫疫苗免疫。
因此,本发明还提供一种小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒,其包括基底,以及独立地连接于所述基底上的上述多肽组合1。
在本说明书中,基底通常为固体,可以是一个,也可以是多个,但优选为一个,即全部多肽独立地连接于同一基底上。在本发明中,对基底没有特殊限制,只要是固体或不溶性材料载体即可。多肽与基底的连接可以采用本领域技术人员公知的多肽与固体材料的连接方法来进行。
在本说明书中,所述对象生物优选为小反刍动物,更优选为山羊或绵羊。
在本说明书中,所述生物样本可以是全血、血浆或血清。
在使用上述试剂盒诊断小反刍兽疫的情况下,当所述多肽组合1中的任意两条或两条以上多肽对对象生物来源的生物样本有响应时,判定该对象生物已被小反刍兽疫病毒感染或小反刍兽疫疫苗免疫(即阳性);反之,判定该对象生物未被小反刍兽疫病毒感染或小反刍兽疫疫苗免疫(即阴性)。
在本说明书中,“响应”是指:信噪比(SNR)大于或等于2,其中,信噪比=(多肽点信号值-阴性对照点信号值)/阴性对照点信号值。
实施例
1.多肽的制备与确认
SEQ ID NO:1~10的多肽由吉尔生化(上海)有限公司合成,并通过质谱对其进行了确认。其中,
SEQ ID NO:1的序列为N50:SAEALFRLQAMAKILEDQEE;
SEQ ID NO:2的序列为N49:SSQNPREAQRSAEALFRLQA;
SEQ ID NO:3的序列为F54:LKPDLTGTSKSYVRSL;
SEQ ID NO:4的序列为F13:VATAAQITAGVALHQSLMNS;
SEQ ID NO:5的序列为N41:TGDERTVRGTGPRQAQVSFL;
SEQ ID NO:6的序列为H37:NEANWVVPSTDVRDLQNKGE;
SEQ ID NO:7的序列为N9:VESPGQIQRITDDPDVSIR;
SEQ ID NO:8的序列为F10:TKNVRPIQTLTPGRRTRRFV;
SEQ ID NO:9的序列为F52:CCCKGRCRNKEIPASKINPG;
SEQ ID NO:10的序列为F11:TPGRRTRRFVGAVLAGVALG。
2.试剂盒(多肽芯片)1的制备
试剂盒1
多肽芯片是将SEQ ID NO:1~10的多肽的溶液分别点样在固体支撑材料——“0+X”膜(iPDMS膜)上制备而成的(同时点样一个山羊IgG作为阳性质控点以及一个PB点作为阴性质控点)。“0+X”膜是将带烯烃末端的、表面引发聚合反应的引发剂加入到聚二甲基硅氧烷材料中,随后以热交联(硅氢键键合)的方式固定到聚二甲基硅氧烷的三维结构中,得到的一种材料。其制作过程可参见国际公开专利WO2014/044184。
3.用试剂盒进行检测
将多肽芯片置于室温20min,肉眼观察芯片表面,将有缺损的多肽芯片淘汰,同时确定多肽芯片的正确方向,夹于凸槽,按照血清的数量进行芯片的编号,然后在合格的多肽芯片内注满TBST(0.4M Tris-HCl,2.74M NaCl,2%Tween20,pH7.2±0.2),室温放置2-4min,检查有无漏夜,将漏液的多肽芯片弃去。填补空缺的多肽芯片,操作同上。将检验合格的多肽芯片夹于凸槽上,每8个芯片为一组,用TBST润洗2次,喷壶淋洗,一孔进一孔出,形成流动,最后在纱布上轻轻拍打,再一个一个取盖甩干,但要注意保持多肽芯片表面湿润,备用。
在超净台内将血清稀释50倍(5μl血清样本+245μl血清稀释液)分别做编号,震荡混匀,使芯片编号与血清编号互相一致,在已经润洗的芯片上上样,200μl/孔,避免产生气泡,加入经稀释后的血清200μl,室温,摇床150rpm,孵育30min。
弃液,淋洗4次(方法同上),甩干,加入二抗(兔抗山羊IgG),室温,摇床150rpm,孵育30min。
弃液,弃盖,淋洗4次,甩干,每8个芯片为一组,加20μl/孔的发光液(Thermo,Prod#37074),曝光2min。使用GenePix Pro6.0采集数据。
对于每一份血清,分别统计该试剂盒中的每一条多肽是否有响应(即,信噪比(SNR)大于等于2),并进行判定。
对于上述试剂盒1,当检测到SEQ ID NO:1~10所示的多肽中的任意两条或两条以上有响应时,判定为小反刍兽疫阳性;反之,判定为阴性。
其中,信噪比=(多肽点信号值-阴性对照点信号值)/阴性对照点信号值。多肽点信号值是指软件读取的多肽点的化学发光强度值,阴性对照点信号值是指软件读取的阴性对照点的化学发光强度值。
对于755份来自中国各地区的山羊和绵羊血清样本,分别采用上述步骤2中制备的试剂盒(按上述3的步骤)以及病毒中和试验(VNT,按OIE(2010)《小反刍兽疫病毒中和试验》所述方法)进行检测,检测结果如下所示。
表1
敏感性=360/399*100%=90.2%
特异性=325/356=91.3%
由以上可知,试剂盒1的敏感性和特异性均在90%以上(且是采用VNT方法验证,不是采用对照试剂盒方法验证),足以媲美采用c-ELISA方法或b-ELISA方法的试剂盒。
序列表
<110> 中国兽医药品监察所
<120> 小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒
<130> PB00110
<141> 2018-04-24
<160> 10
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
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<211> 20
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 1
Ser Ala Glu Ala Leu Phe Arg Leu Gln Ala Met Ala Lys Ile Leu Glu
1 5 10 15
Asp Gln Glu Glu
20
<210> 2
<211> 20
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 2
Ser Ser Gln Asn Pro Arg Glu Ala Gln Arg Ser Ala Glu Ala Leu Phe
1 5 10 15
Arg Leu Gln Ala
20
<210> 3
<211> 16
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 3
Leu Lys Pro Asp Leu Thr Gly Thr Ser Lys Ser Tyr Val Arg Ser Leu
1 5 10 15
<210> 4
<211> 20
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 4
Val Ala Thr Ala Ala Gln Ile Thr Ala Gly Val Ala Leu His Gln Ser
1 5 10 15
Leu Met Asn Ser
20
<210> 5
<211> 20
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
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Thr Gly Asp Glu Arg Thr Val Arg Gly Thr Gly Pro Arg Gln Ala Gln
1 5 10 15
Val Ser Phe Leu
20
<210> 6
<211> 20
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
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Asn Glu Ala Asn Trp Val Val Pro Ser Thr Asp Val Arg Asp Leu Gln
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Val Glu Ser Pro Gly Gln Ile Gln Arg Ile Thr Asp Asp Pro Asp Val
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Ser Ile Arg
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<211> 20
<212> PRT
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Val Ala Leu Gly
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Claims (6)
1.一种多肽组合1,其由SEQ ID NO:1~10所示的多肽组成,其中,
SEQ ID NO:1的序列为N50:SAEALFRLQAMAKILEDQEE;
SEQ ID NO:2的序列为N49:SSQNPREAQRSAEALFRLQA;
SEQ ID NO:3的序列为F54:LKPDLTGTSKSYVRSL;
SEQ ID NO:4的序列为F13:VATAAQITAGVALHQSLMNS;
SEQ ID NO:5的序列为N41:TGDERTVRGTGPRQAQVSFL;
SEQ ID NO:6的序列为H37:NEANWVVPSTDVRDLQNKGE;
SEQ ID NO:7的序列为N9:VESPGQIQRITDDPDVSIR;
SEQ ID NO:8的序列为F10:TKNVRPIQTLTPGRRTRRFV;
SEQ ID NO:9的序列为F52:CCCKGRCRNKEIPASKINPG;
SEQ ID NO:10的序列为F11:TPGRRTRRFVGAVLAGVALG。
2.一种多肽组合1在制备小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒中的用途;
所述多肽组合1由SEQ ID NO:1~10所示的多肽组成,
SEQ ID NO:1所示的序列为N50:SAEALFRLQAMAKILEDQEE的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:2所示的序列为N49:SSQNPREAQRSAEALFRLQA的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:3所示的序列为F54:LKPDLTGTSKSYVRSL的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:4所示的序列为F13:VATAAQITAGVALHQSLMNS的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:5所示的序列为N41:TGDERTVRGTGPRQAQVSFL的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:6所示的序列为H37:NEANWVVPSTDVRDLQNKGE的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:7所示的序列为N9:VESPGQIQRITDDPDVSIR的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:8所示的序列为F10:TKNVRPIQTLTPGRRTRRFV的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:9所示的序列为F52:CCCKGRCRNKEIPASKINPG的多肽,以及
SEQ ID NO:10所示的序列为F11:TPGRRTRRFVGAVLAGVALG的多肽。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用途,其中,所述小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒用于通过检测对象生物来源的生物样本中是否存在抗小反刍兽疫病毒的IgG抗体,诊断对象生物是否被小反刍兽疫病毒感染或小反刍兽疫疫苗免疫。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用途,其中,所述对象生物是山羊或绵羊。
5.根据权利要求3所述的用途,其中,所述生物样本是全血、血浆或血清。
6.一种小反刍兽疫诊断试剂盒,其包括基底,以及独立地固定于所述基底上的下述多肽组合1;
所述多肽组合1由SEQ ID NO:1~10所示的多肽组成,
SEQ ID NO:1所示的序列为N50:SAEALFRLQAMAKILEDQEE的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:2所示的序列为N49:SSQNPREAQRSAEALFRLQA的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:3所示的序列为F54:LKPDLTGTSKSYVRSL的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:4所示的序列为F13:VATAAQITAGVALHQSLMNS的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:5所示的序列为N41:TGDERTVRGTGPRQAQVSFL的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:6所示的序列为H37:NEANWVVPSTDVRDLQNKGE的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:7所示的序列为N9:VESPGQIQRITDDPDVSIR的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:8所示的序列为F10:TKNVRPIQTLTPGRRTRRFV的多肽,
SEQ ID NO:9所示的序列为F52:CCCKGRCRNKEIPASKINPG的多肽,以及
SEQ ID NO:10所示的序列为F11:TPGRRTRRFVGAVLAGVALG的多肽。
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