CN110497579B - 一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法 - Google Patents

一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法 Download PDF

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CN110497579B
CN110497579B CN201910677387.7A CN201910677387A CN110497579B CN 110497579 B CN110497579 B CN 110497579B CN 201910677387 A CN201910677387 A CN 201910677387A CN 110497579 B CN110497579 B CN 110497579B
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silica gel
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梁海澄
田先亮
康俊远
吴天保
李康福
甄华劲
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Guangdong Industry Technical College
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/1418Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure
    • B29C2045/14237Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure the inserts being deformed or preformed outside the mould or mould cavity
    • B29C2045/14245Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure the inserts being deformed or preformed outside the mould or mould cavity using deforming or preforming means outside the mould cavity
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    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
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    • B29C2945/76531Temperature
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
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    • B29C2945/76655Location of control
    • B29C2945/76769Moulded articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
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Abstract

本发明公开一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法,制备蜡芯模具以及硅胶模具,蜡芯模具的型腔包括有软体手爪的中空腔结构、气动接头的安装空间和用于在硅胶模具中固定蜡芯位置的固定块型腔结构;在蜡芯模具中放入气动接头,注射液态石蜡,凝固后得到蜡芯,蜡芯的上部为固定块,固定块上设有浇口和若干个安装长螺母的通孔,蜡芯的中部为气动接头,蜡芯的下部与软体手爪中空腔的结构相同;在蜡芯的固定块通孔上装入长螺母,蜡芯放入硅胶模具中,采用硅胶点胶机通过固定块的浇口向硅胶模具中注入硅胶液,待硅胶液凝固之后取出有蜡芯的硅胶制品;加热有蜡芯的硅胶制品至60~70℃,待石蜡熔化流出,得到带有长螺母和气动接头的中空的软体手爪。

Description

一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种气动软体机器手制造技术领域,特别涉及一种软体机器硅胶手爪的制造。
背景技术
目前,生产线上的机器手经常需要夹持不同形状或材料的工件,因此对生产线机器手的末端夹持器的通用性和适应性提出了越来越高的要求。使用气动软体手爪作为机器手夹持器,能够柔顺夹持、适应多种产品,具有重要的工程应用价值。目前软体手爪为中空结构,主要材料为硅橡胶,制造工艺多为分体制造,通过粘接而成,容易出现粘接缺陷,在使用时会出现问题,比如粘接面破裂漏气,并且导致软体手爪的力学性质沿粘接面发生突变,增加了有限元分析建模的复杂度。同时,机器手用的软体手爪上需要粘接用于安装在机器手上的长螺母和用于通气的气动接头,增加了制造步骤,也容易出现粘结缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法,该方法可实现一次成型中空软体手爪,同时无需额外粘接安装长螺母和气动接头。
本发明的技术方案为:一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备蜡芯模具以及制备型腔结构和大小与待制备的软体手爪外形结构和大小相同的硅胶模具,蜡芯模具的型腔包括有软体手爪的中空腔结构、气动接头的安装空间和用于在硅胶模具中固定蜡芯位置的固定块型腔结构;
(2)在蜡芯模具中放入气动接头,向蜡芯模具注射液态石蜡,待液态石蜡凝固后得到蜡芯,蜡芯的上部为固定块,固定块上设有注入硅胶液的浇口和若干个安装长螺母的通孔,蜡芯的中部为气动接头,蜡芯的下部与软体手爪中空腔的结构相同;气动接头分别与固定块和蜡芯的下部结构连接在一起,只需一次成型;
(3)在蜡芯的固定块通孔上装入长螺母,再将蜡芯放入硅胶模具中,蜡芯的固定块在硅胶模具中定位,合模,锁模,采用硅胶点胶机通过固定块的浇口向硅胶模具中注入硅胶液,待硅胶液凝固之后取出有蜡芯的硅胶制品;
(4)加热有蜡芯的硅胶制品至60~70℃,待石蜡熔化流出,得到带有长螺母和气动接头的中空的软体手爪。
步骤(1)中,蜡芯模具和硅胶模具均为对称方式分模。
步骤(2)中,采用注蜡机进行压力注射液态石蜡,注射温度为65℃-75℃,注射压力为0.01Mpa-0.05Mpa,注射时间为10s-20s。
步骤(2)中,蜡芯成型之后进行修整。
步骤(3)中,硅胶硬度为25-60度。硅胶硬度越低,硅胶的弹性越好,但抗拉强度会降低。所采用的硅胶固化后能耐受150℃以上高温。
步骤(3)中,所述硅胶点胶机的注射压力为0.1Mpa-0.5Mpa,在常温下注射。
步骤(4)中,加热硅胶制品至60~70℃的具体步骤为,将硅胶制品放置于60~70℃的恒温箱中,保持15至25分钟,待石蜡熔化并完全流出。
所述硅胶模具采用透明光敏树脂材料,采用3D打印成型。
所述软体手爪外部设有多个成列的齿形结构,软体手爪内部有空腔,壁厚均匀。
所述固定块为圆柱型结构,圆柱侧壁对称设有两个凸块。
本发明相对于现有技术,具有以下有益效果:
本发明采用熔模铸造的方法,将可熔化的石蜡铸造成蜡芯,利用石蜡与硅胶的熔点差,熔化蜡芯,解决了软体手爪的结构不便脱模的问题,并预先固定好长螺母和气动接头的位置,能够完成硅胶的一体化制造,节约程序,无需后续的粘接和装配,提高效率;采用透明材料制造硅胶模具可以方便观察硅胶注入的情况,采用3D打印方式制造硅胶模具精度高。
附图说明
图1为软体手爪的结构示意图。
图2为蜡芯的立体结构示意图。
图3为蜡芯的正视图。
图4为蜡芯模具的结构示意图。
图5为蜡芯模具的俯视图。
图6为硅胶模具的结构示意图。
其中,1为固定块、2为气动接头。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明作进一步的详细说明,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例
本实施例一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)如图3和图4所示,制备蜡芯模具以及制备型腔结构和大小与待制备的软体手爪外形结构和大小相同的硅胶模具,蜡芯模具的型腔包括有软体手爪的中空腔结构、气动接头的安装空间和用于在硅胶模具中固定蜡芯位置的固定块型腔结构,蜡芯模具和硅胶模具均为对称方式分模,硅胶模具采用市面现有的适用于3D打印的透明光敏树脂材料制成,本专利不再赘述,硅胶模具采用3D打印成型。如图1所示,软体手爪外部设有多个成列的齿形结构,软体手爪内部有空腔,壁厚均匀。
(2)在蜡芯模具中放入气动接头,向蜡芯模具注射液态石蜡,采用注蜡机进行压力注射液态石蜡,优选工艺参数为,注射温度为70℃,注射压力为0.01Mpa,注射时间为20s。如图2所示,待液态石蜡凝固后得到蜡芯,蜡芯的上部为固定块1,固定块为圆柱型结构,圆柱侧壁对称设有两个凸块,固定块上设有注入硅胶液的浇口和四个安装长螺母的通孔(图2中未示出),蜡芯的中部为气动接头2,蜡芯的下部与软体手爪中空腔的结构相同,气动接头分别与固定块和蜡芯的下部结构连接在一起,只需一次成型;蜡芯成型之后进行适当修整,去除飞边等瑕疵。
(3)在蜡芯的固定块通孔上装入长螺母,再将蜡芯放入硅胶模具中,蜡芯的固定块在硅胶模具中定位,合模,锁模,可使用橡胶圈进行锁模,采用硅胶点胶机通过固定块的浇口向硅胶模具中注入硅胶液,硅胶点胶机的注射压力为0.1Mpa,注射温度为常温,保证硅胶模具的型腔被完全填充,待硅胶液凝固之后取出有蜡芯的硅胶制品;硅胶的硬度为25度,也可根据具体需求选择相应的硬度。
(4)加热有蜡芯的硅胶制品至65℃,待将硅胶制品放置于65℃的恒温箱中,保持20分钟,待石蜡熔化流出,得到带有长螺母和气动接头的中空的软体手爪。
如上所述,便可较好地实现本发明,上述实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并非用来限定本发明的实施范围;即凡依本发明内容所作的均等变化与修饰,都为本发明权利要求所要求保护的范围所涵盖。

Claims (9)

1.一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备蜡芯模具以及制备型腔结构和大小与待制备的软体手爪外形结构和大小相同的硅胶模具,蜡芯模具的型腔包括有软体手爪的中空腔结构、气动接头的安装空间和用于在硅胶模具中固定蜡芯位置的固定块型腔结构;
(2)在蜡芯模具中放入气动接头,向蜡芯模具注射液态石蜡,待液态石蜡凝固后得到蜡芯,蜡芯的上部为固定块,固定块上设有注入硅胶液的浇口和若干个安装长螺母的通孔,蜡芯的中部为气动接头,蜡芯的下部与软体手爪中空腔的结构相同;气动接头分别与固定块和蜡芯的下部结构连接在一起,只需一次成型;
(3)在蜡芯的固定块通孔上装入长螺母,再将蜡芯放入硅胶模具中,蜡芯的固定块在硅胶模具中定位,合模,锁模,采用硅胶点胶机通过固定块的浇口向硅胶模具中注入硅胶液,待硅胶液凝固之后取出有蜡芯的硅胶制品;
(4)加热有蜡芯的硅胶制品至60~70℃,待石蜡熔化流出,得到带有长螺母和气动接头的中空的软体手爪;
所述固定块为圆柱型结构,圆柱侧壁对称设有两个凸块。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,蜡芯模具和硅胶模具均为对称方式分模。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,采用注蜡机进行压力注射液态石蜡,注射温度为65-75℃,注射压力为0.01-0.05Mpa,注射时间为10-20s。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,蜡芯成型之后进行修整。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,硅胶硬度为25-60度。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述硅胶点胶机的注射压力为0.1Mpa-0.5Mpa,在常温下注射。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,加热硅胶制品至60~70℃的具体步骤为,将硅胶制品放置于60~70℃的恒温箱中,保持15至25分钟。
8.根据权利要求1所述一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法,其特征在于,所述硅胶模具采用透明光敏树脂材料,用3D打印成型。
9.根据权利要求1所述一种气动软体机器手爪的熔模铸造方法,其特征在于,所述软体手爪外部设有多个成列的齿形结构,软体手爪内部有空腔,壁厚均匀。
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