CN110495318B - Illumination method for regulating and controlling plant reproductive development - Google Patents
Illumination method for regulating and controlling plant reproductive development Download PDFInfo
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- CN110495318B CN110495318B CN201910909858.2A CN201910909858A CN110495318B CN 110495318 B CN110495318 B CN 110495318B CN 201910909858 A CN201910909858 A CN 201910909858A CN 110495318 B CN110495318 B CN 110495318B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plant illumination, in particular to an illumination method for regulating and controlling the reproductive development of plants2Concentration; planting the seedlings with excellent growth vigor, intermittently illuminating the seedlings by using a second LED plant lamp, controlling the duty ratio of intermittent illumination and the illumination duration time in a gap illumination period, controlling the PPFD on the vegetable leaves, controlling the illumination amount, controlling the temperature and the relative humidity, and controlling the CO2And (4) concentration. According to the invention, by regulating and controlling different light environment parameters and illumination modes of the seedling period and the cultivation period in the leaf vegetable breeding process, the conversion of vegetative growth to reproductive growth of vegetables is effectively promoted, the flowering time is reduced by more than one fifth, and the seed collection period is greatly shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant illumination, in particular to a luminous environment regulation and control method for regulating and controlling plants to bloom in advance and shorten the planting period.
Background
Reproductive growth refers to the process of starting flower bud differentiation, and then flowering and fruiting to form seeds after a plant grows to a certain period. The realization of the artificial regulation and control of the life process has great significance, especially in the field of agricultural production, such as vegetable and flower cultivation and crop breeding, people can control the growth cycle of crops, accelerate the formation of fruits and seeds or control the time to market, thereby generating great economic benefit.
The growth and development process of the plants is controlled by self genes and is also influenced by illumination, temperature, root nutrients and gas environment. The plant has the ability of accurately sensing environmental signals, and can rapidly generate biochemical reaction in vivo and adjust the growth state of the plant, thereby adapting to the change of living environment. Light is both the only energy source for plant photosynthesis and an important environmental signal for the growth and development of plants. The photosynthetically active radiation is characterized in that red orange light with the wavelength of 610-700nm and blue-violet light with the wavelength of 400-510nm are absorbed by chlorophyll of plants more, so that the charge separation and photochemical reaction of chlorophyll a are caused, and electrons are transferred by a series of carriers to promote the assimilation of CO2, thereby providing a material basis for plant growth. Plants also sense and respond to complex and diverse light environments through several photoreceptors, such as phytochromes, phototropic elements, cryptochromes, and the like. The photoreceptors respectively receive dynamic change information of light quality, illumination intensity, light period and illumination direction, and are selectively regulated and controlled after signal conduction to cause different photochemical reactions so as to make plants adapt to the dynamic change of light environment. With the continuous development of artificial light sources, people can influence the growth and development of plants by regulating and controlling the illumination intensity, the light period, the spectrum composition and the illumination mode. In the production of greenhouses and plant factories, light is used as a highly efficient plant flowering, fruiting regulator.
Intermittent illumination is a special illumination mode which is artificially manufactured and has important influence on the growth and development of plants. Some studies find that the gap light with a certain duty ratio and frequency can be used as a signal to induce a series of biochemical reactions in the plant body, thereby influencing the energy utilization and carbon assimilation processes of the photosynthetic mechanism. The Wangdiff research finds that the plant height, stem thickness and leaf area of the cucumber seedlings treated by the pulsed light are obviously larger than those of the cucumber seedlings treated by the continuous light; pulsed light with different frequencies can promote the accumulation of cucumber seedling substances; the chlorophyll content of cucumber seedlings can be remarkably increased by pulse light with different frequencies. The Wangxiau et al explored the effect of different frequencies and duty cycles of LED light sources on lettuce growth and its photosynthetic properties and found that intermittent light treatment promoted the plant height, stem thickness and leaf area of lettuce overall with the same amount of daily radiation. Olvera-Gonzalez and the like find that 0.1, 1, 100 and 1kHz pulsed light can improve chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of tomato leaves, such as Fv '/Fm', NPQ, phi PSII, ETR, phi CO2 and the like, and finally the yield and the energy utilization rate are improved. Compared with continuous illumination, the light quantum efficiency of the light system II of the tomato leaves under the low-frequency pulse light is higher, and the photosynthetic electron transfer rate is reduced along with the increase of the pulse light frequency. The research of Dong Chen et al finds that continuous illumination growth effect can be realized by intermittent illumination of wheat with millisecond interval light with 80% duty ratio, and the photosynthetic rate can be improved. Liuwei and other experiments find that the adoption of a dark-period light interruption mode can promote the differentiation of the inflorescence primordia and accelerate the formation of the new lilium formolongi inflorescence. The CN102124882A impatiens balsamina flowering phase regulating method adopts intermittent illumination in the dark phase to control the bud stage and increase the flowering number. There have also been reports OF using strobe light or intermittent light generating devices to increase the biomass OF PLANTs, such as "CN 207531418U a strobe based PLANT growth lighting device", "CN 108184300A a stroboscopic lighting METHOD AND device FOR PLANT growth", "EP 1274665A1 METHOD OF CULTIVATING PLANT AND illumanator FOR CULTIVATING PLANT".
Light is the only energy source of plant photosynthesis and also a signal of growth and development of the plant, and the light environment plays a vital role in substance accumulation and morphogenesis of the plant, so that the research on how to regulate and control the rapid growth, bolting and flowering of the crops and the formation of seeds through the light environment has important significance for saving the cultivation time and improving the propagation efficiency.
In summary, the prior art has already provided a lighting stroboscopic method to improve the production quality of the corresponding plant, for example, a lighting device and a stroboscopic method are designed to dynamically provide a stroboscopic lighting scheme suitable for the production quality of the corresponding plant, mainly aiming at the improvement of an adaptive adjustment method and device; for example, in the above cited references, different influences of different frequencies, duty ratios and intensities of light on the growth effect of different types of plants are discussed, but most of the above references describe how to improve yield and plant trace element content, and how to shorten the plant breeding cycle through light control has not been a perfect solution.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide an illumination method for regulating and controlling the reproductive development of plants, so as to realize early flowering and inoculation of plants and effectively shorten the breeding cycle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a luminous environment regulation method for shortening the breeding period of vegetables by taking leaf vegetable plants as an example, which comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling stage
Carrying out vernalization with the seed, adopting first LED lamp to shine in succession the vegetable seedling after will sprouting, its spectral feature of first LED lamp is: the ratio of the number of 600-700nm photons to the number of 400-500nm photons is 2.0, the PPFD on the leaves of the vegetable seedlings is set to be 150-200 μmol/m2S, controlling the illumination period to be 8-12 hours, controlling the temperature and the relative humidity to be 15-20 ℃ and 90%, and controlling CO2The concentration was 1000 pm.
(2) Cultivation period
After the seedling reaches the standard of field planting, carry out the field planting with the good seedling of growing vigor, adopt second LED lamp to carry out intermittent type and shine, its spectral feature of second LED lamp is: the ratio of the number of 600-700nm photons to the number of 400-500nm photons is 3.8-3.9, the PPFD on the leaves is 200-300 μmol/m2The duty ratio of the interval illumination is 10-50%, and the illumination duration time in one interval illumination period is 0.1-10 s; controlling the daily cumulative illumination amount of each treatment to be 8-16mol/m by setting a proper illumination period2Controlling the temperature and relative humidity at 22-23 deg.C and 80%, and controlling CO2The concentration was 1000 pm.
Different from the prior art, the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention is used for realizing the advanced flowering and seed setting of vegetables and simultaneously ensuring that the germination rate of newly set seeds is consistent with the conventional continuous illumination germination rate.
2. According to the invention, the vegetable breeding period is shortened by at least 20% by setting LED plant lamps with different photon number distributions, different illumination modes (including continuous illumination and intermittent illumination), different illumination intensities and the like adopted in the vegetable seedling raising period and the vegetable cultivation period.
3. In the seedling raising period, continuous illumination is carried out on vegetable seedlings, and the illumination intensity PPFD and the illumination period of leaves are controlled; in the cultivation period, seedlings with excellent growth vigor are subjected to intermittent illumination, meanwhile, the duty ratio and the illumination duration, the illumination intensity PPFD value and the illumination period in one interval illumination period are the same, the conversion of vegetative growth to reproductive growth of the vegetables is effectively promoted through different light environment parameters and illumination modes in the seedling period and the cultivation period in the artificial light vegetable breeding process, the flowering time is advanced by more than one fifth, and the seed collection period is greatly shortened.
4. The intermittent light adopted by the invention not only provides energy for the growth and development of vegetable plants, but also can be used as a light-sensitive receptor for continuously stimulating plants by a signal to induce the plants to generate substances and change the form, and the reason can be that the light quantum density in unit time is reduced due to the light and shade alternation of illumination, and the plants can accelerate the conversion from vegetative growth to reproductive growth due to the weak light stress.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the technical means in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
(1) Seedling stage
The lettuce seeds are sown in the sponge soaked by deionized water, and then the sponge is placed in a constant-temperature germination accelerating box in a dark environment, the set temperature is 20 ℃, the relative humidity is 90%, and the sponge is taken out after accelerating germination for 24 hours. The lettuce after sprouting is placed on a seedling raising frame for continuous culture, the height of the seedling raising frame layer is 28cm, the LED lamp 1 is adopted for continuous irradiation, and the spectral characteristics are as follows: the ratio of the number of 600-700nm photons to the number of 400-500nm photons is 2.0, the illumination intensity PPFD of the leaf canopy is 150 μmol/m2/s, the illumination period is 9 hours per day, the temperature is controlled at 20-22 ℃, and the relative humidity is 80%. The CO2 concentration was 1000 ppm. Irrigating the nutrient solution once every 2 days in the seedling raising period, wherein the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2ms/cm, and the pH value is 6.0-7.0.
(2) Cultivation period
After 20 days of seeding, with the good lettuce seedling field planting of growing vigor to water planting cultivation frame, be equipped with adjustable height's LED lamp 2 on the cultivation frame, its spectral characteristic of this LED lamp is: the ratio of the number of 600-700nm photons to the number of 400-500nm photons is 3.8, and the LED lamp 2 is used for intermittent illumination. The following processing is set:
t1, duty ratio is 35% \ duration of illumination within the interval illumination period is 3s, and the illumination period is 21.5 hours;
t2, the duty ratio is 40% \ the illumination duration time in the gap illumination period is 4s, and the illumination period is 20 hours;
t3, duty ratio is 50% \ duration of illumination within the interval illumination period is 1s, the illumination period is 15 hours;
t4, duty ratio is 75% \ duration of illumination within the interval illumination period is 3s, the illumination period is 10 hours;
CK, continuous illumination period is 7.5 hours;
the illumination intensity of the lettuce canopy is 200 mu mol/m2And the daily cumulative light exposure of each treatment is controlled by the photoperiod to be 8.1mol/m 2/d. The temperature and relative humidity are respectively controlled at 22-23 deg.C and 80%, and CO is added2The concentration is controlled at 1000ppm, the EC value of the used nutrient solution is 1.8-2.0ms/cm, and the pH value is 6.0-7.0.
(3) Results and analysis
And (4) conclusion: compared with the continuous light CK, the intermittent light T1, the intermittent light T2 and the intermittent light T3 have no obvious difference in the germination rate of the seeds, but can shorten the seed collecting time by 22 percent.
Example 2
(1) Seedling stage
Put into 55 ℃ warm water with the spinach seed and soak kind 2 hours after in the seed soaking 22 hours under normal atmospheric temperature, the seeding is in the sponge that the deionized water soaks, put into constant temperature germinating box, the dark surrounds, the setting temperature is 15 ℃, relative humidity is 90%, treat that most seeds are taken out after the emergence and sow in the sponge that the deionized water soaks, take out after the 120 hours of vernalization, place and continue to cultivate on the nursery cabinet, this nursery cabinet layer height 28cm adopts LED lamp 1 to shine in succession, its spectral feature of LED lamp 1 is: the ratio of the number of 600-700nm photons to the number of 400-500nm photons is 2.0, the illumination intensity PPFD of the leaf canopy is 200 μmol/m2/s, the illumination period is 12 hours per day, the temperature is controlled at 18-20 ℃, and the relative humidity is 80%. The CO2 concentration was 1000 ppm. Irrigating the seedling once every 2 days, wherein the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2ms/cm, and the pH value is 6.0-7.0
(2) Cultivation period
After 15 days of seeding, fix planting the excellent lettuce seedling of growing vigor to the water planting cultivation frame, be equipped with adjustable height's LED lamp 3 on the cultivation frame, its spectral feature is: the ratio of the number of 600-700nm photons to the number of 400-500nm photons is 3.9, and the LED lamp 3 is used for intermittent illumination. The following processing is set:
t1, the duty ratio is 40% \ the illumination duration time in the interval illumination period is 3s, and the illumination period is 22.5 hours;
t2, duty ratio is 45% \ duration of illumination in the interval illumination period is 9s, and the illumination period is 20 hours;
t3, the duty ratio is 50% \ the illumination duration time in the gap illumination period is 1s, and the illumination period is 18 hours;
t4, duty ratio is 75% \ duration of illumination within the interval illumination period is 3s, the illumination period is 12 hours;
CK, continuous illumination period is 9 hours;
the illumination intensity of the lettuce canopy is 300 mu mol/m2/s, and the daily cumulative illumination of each treatment is controlled by the photoperiod to be 8.1mol/m 2/d. The temperature and relative humidity are respectively controlled at 22-23 deg.C and 80%, and CO is added2The concentration is controlled at 1000ppm, the EC value of the used nutrient solution is 1.8-2.0ms/cm, and the pH value is 6.0-7.0.
(3) Results and analysis
Through experimental comparison, the conclusion is that: compared with the continuous light CK, the intermittent light T1, the T2 and the T3 have no obvious difference in the germination rate of the seeds, but can shorten the seed collecting time by 20 percent.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising … …" or "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of additional elements in a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises the element. Further, herein, "greater than," "less than," "more than," and the like are understood to exclude the present numbers; the terms "above", "below", "within" and the like are to be understood as including the number.
Although the embodiments have been described, once the basic inventive concept is known, other variations and modifications can be made to the embodiments by those skilled in the art, so that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes that can be used in the present specification or directly or indirectly applied to other related fields are encompassed by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An illumination mode for regulating and controlling plant reproductive development is characterized in that in the plant growth process, a gap illumination mode is at least adopted to realize the early flowering and seed setting of a plant, the duty ratio of the gap illumination is 10-50%, and the illumination duration time in one gap illumination period is 0.1-10 s; wherein, adopt continuous illumination mode at seedling growing stage, spectral characteristic is in the luminous environment: the ratio of the number of 600-700nm photons to the number of 400-500nm photons is 2.0; in the cultivation period, a gap illumination mode is adopted, and the spectral characteristics in a light environment are as follows: the ratio of the 600-700nm photon proportion to the 400-500nm photon proportion is 3.8-3.9, and the plant is vegetable.
2. The illumination mode for regulating and controlling the reproductive development of plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the illumination intensity in the nursery stage is 150-200 μmol/m2And the illumination period is 9-12 h/d.
3. Illumination means for regulating the reproductive development of a plant according to claim 1,
the PPFD arranged on the leaves of the vegetable seedlings in the seedling raising period reaches 150-2S, controlling the illumination period to be 8-12 hours, controlling the temperature and the relative humidity to be 15-20 ℃ and 90%, and controlling CO2The concentration was 1000 pm.
4. An illumination mode for regulating and controlling plant reproduction and development according to claim 1, characterized in that the continuous illumination mode is continuous illumination by using a first LED lamp.
5. The illumination mode for regulating and controlling the reproductive development of plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the illumination intensity in the cultivation period is 200-300 μmol/m2And the illumination period is 8-24 h/d.
6. An illumination mode for regulating and controlling plant reproduction and development according to claim 1, characterized in that the interval illumination mode is interval illumination by a second LED lamp.
7. Illumination means for regulating the reproductive development of a plant according to claim 1,
the PPFD on the vegetable leaves is set to be 200-2The duty ratio of the interval illumination is 10-50%, the illumination duration in one interval illumination period is 0.1-10 s, and the daily cumulative illumination amount is controlled to be 8-16mol/m2Controlling the temperature and relative humidity at 22-23 deg.C and 80%, and controlling CO2The concentration was 1000 pm.
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| PCT/CN2020/100605 WO2021057170A1 (en) | 2019-09-25 | 2020-07-07 | Illumination method for regulating reproductive development of plant |
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| CN110495318B (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-07-20 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Illumination method for regulating and controlling plant reproductive development |
| CN111504617B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2022-02-08 | 西北农林科技大学 | Plant growth light source determination method and system |
| CN112021167A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-04 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Method for accelerating vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leaf vegetables |
| CN112544422A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-26 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Plant factory planting method for promoting 4-5 ripeness of cereal crops in one year |
| CN113973608B (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2023-02-28 | 四维生态科技（杭州）有限公司 | Plant cultivation method |
| CN113875569B (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-12-27 | 四维生态科技（杭州）有限公司 | Method for cultivating leaf vegetable plants |
| CN116171840B (en) * | 2023-01-18 | 2023-09-08 | 广州市林业和园林科学研究院 | Method for regulating flowering phase of bougainvillea |
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