CN110494320A - 车辆用电源系统 - Google Patents

车辆用电源系统 Download PDF

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CN110494320A
CN110494320A CN201880021910.4A CN201880021910A CN110494320A CN 110494320 A CN110494320 A CN 110494320A CN 201880021910 A CN201880021910 A CN 201880021910A CN 110494320 A CN110494320 A CN 110494320A
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converter
power supply
supply system
power
vehicle
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CN110494320B (zh
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平岛茂雄
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0092—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption with use of redundant elements for safety purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1423—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with multiple batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/61—Arrangements of controllers for electric machines, e.g. inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种车辆用电源系统，其装设于车辆(6)。车辆用电源系统具有：主电池；电力转换装置(3)，上述电力转换装置(3)将主电池的直流电力转换为交流电力；开关，上述开关切换主电池和电力转换装置(3)之间的通电、切断；第一DC‑DC转换器(51)，上述第一DC‑DC转换器(51)连接至开关和电力转换装置(3)之间的电源配线；以及第二DC‑DC转换器(52)，上述第二DC‑DC转换器(52)连接至开关和主电池之间的电源配线。第一DC‑DC转换器(51)和第二DC‑DC转换器(52)装设于车辆(6)的相互分离的部位。

Description

车辆用电源系统
相关申请的援引
本申请以2017年3月31日申请的日本专利申请第2017-69849号的申请为基础，在此援引其记载内容。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种装设于车辆的车辆用电源系统。
背景技术
例如，存在装设于诸如电动汽车、混合动力汽车和燃料电池车等车辆的车辆用电源系统。作为车辆用电源系统，包括将主电池的直流电力转换为交流电力的逆变器和对主电池的直流电力进行降压的DC-DC转换器。此外，在主电池和逆变器之间设置有用于切换两者之间的通电和非通电的开关。
在专利文献1中公开了一种电源系统，其具有：第一DC-DC转换器，上述第一DC-DC转换器连接至开关和逆变器之间的电源配线，以及第二DC-DC转换器，上述第二DC-DC转换器连接至主电池和开关之间的电源配线。
通过设为上述结构的电源系统，即使在开关发生故障的情况下，也可以通过第二DC-DC转换器进行向副电池的供电。此外，即使在第一DC-DC转换器和第二DC-DC转换器中的任意一方发生故障的情况下，也可以经由另一方的DC-DC转换器进行向副电池的供电。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本专利特开2016-132402号公报
发明内容
在上述电源系统中，在第一DC-DC转换器和第二DC-DC转换器双方都发生故障的情况下，则不能进行向副电池的供电，这会导致车辆的停止。另外，即使不是DC-DC转换器自身的故障，在DC-DC转换器与其他设备之间的配线断线的情况下，也会导致车辆的停止。
作为DC-DC转换器的故障原因，例如可以想到车辆碰撞、浸水、外来的强电波的影响等。另一方面，在将两个DC-DC转换器装设于车辆的情况下，考虑到配线等的关系，可以考虑装设于同一部位。这样，考虑上述那样的故障原因，两个DC-DC转换器很可能会一起发生故障。
本发明提供一种电源系统，即使在非常情况下也能够容易地维持车辆的可运行状态。
解决技术问题所采用的技术方案
本发明的一个方式是一种装设于车辆的车辆用电源系统，具备：
主电池；
电力转换装置，上述电力转换装置将上述主电池的直流电力转换为交流电力；
开关，上述开关切换上述主电池与上述电力转换装置之间的通电、非通电；
第一DC-DC转换器，上述第一DC-DC转换器连接至上述开关与上述电力转换装置之间的电源配线；
第二DC-DC转换器，上述第二DC-DC转换器连接至上述开关与上述主电池之间的电源配线，
上述第一DC-DC转换器和上述第二DC-DC转换器装设于上述车辆的相互分离的部位。
发明效果
在上述车辆用电源系统中，上述第一DC-DC转换器和上述第二DC-DC转换器装设于车辆的相互分离的部位。因此，容易避免两个DC-DC转换器双方都发生故障的情况。此外，通过如上所述设置的第一DC-DC转换器和第二DC-DC转换器中的至少一方起作用，可以维持车辆能够运行的状态。因此，即使在非常情况下，也容易维持车辆能够运行的状态。
如上所述，根据上述方式，能够提供一种即使在非常情况下也容易维持车辆能够运行的状态的电源系统。
附图说明
参照附图和以下详细的记述，可以更明确本发明的上述目的、其他目的、特征和优点。附图如下所述。
图1是实施方式1的车辆用电源系统的电路图。
图2是表示第一实施方式中的第一DC-DC转换器和第二DC-DC转换器在车辆上的装设位置的说明图。
图3是说明第一实施方式中的功率控制单元和电池组的结构的车辆用电源系统的电路图。
具体实施方式
(实施方式1)
参照图1～图3说明车辆用电源系统的实施方式。
本实施方式的车辆用电源系统1是装设于车辆的电源系统。
如图1所示，车辆用电源系统1具有主电池2、电力转换装置3、开关4a和4b、第一DC-DC转换器51和第二DC-DC转换器52。
电力转换装置3将主电池2的直流电力转换为交流电力。开关4a、4b切换主电池2与电力转换装置3之间的通电、切断。第一DC-DC转换器51连接至开关4a、4b与电力转换装置3之间的电源配线11P、11N。第二DC-DC转换器52连接至开关4a、4b与主电池2之间的电源配线12P、12N。
如图2所示，第一DC-DC转换器51和第二DC-DC转换器52装设于车辆6中的相互分离的部位。
具体而言，第一DC-DC转换器51和第二DC-DC转换器52中的一方装设于车辆6的发动机室61，另一方装设于车辆6的与发动机室61不同的部位。更具体而言，第一DC-DC转换器51和第二DC-DC转换器52中的一方装设于发动机室61，另一方装设于车辆6的车室62内。
在本实施方式中，第一DC-DC转换器51装设于发动机室61，第二DC-DC转换器52装设于车室62内。
在此，车室62不仅包括乘员乘坐的居住空间(所谓的车厢)，还包括后备箱、行李空间、以及车厢与后备箱或行李空间之间的空间等。在图2中，表示在车厢与后备箱之间的空间中装设有第二DC-DC转换器52的方式。
另外，第二DC-DC转换器52在车辆6的前后方向上配置于比其全长的中央靠后侧的位置。另一方面，第一DC-DC转换器51配置在比车辆6的中央靠前侧的位置。作为车室62内的第二DC-DC转换器52的具体的配置位置，并不限于上述的部位，例如也可以设为座椅的下侧、驾驶座与副驾驶座之间、中央控制台等。或者，也可以在后备箱、行李空间等配置第二DC-DC转换器52。
本实施方式的车辆用电源系统1装设于混合动力汽车。
如图1所示，混合动力汽车包括交流的旋转电机131和发动机132。而且，构成为通过旋转电机131和发动机132中的至少一方来驱动驱动轮133。
电力转换装置3经由输出配线31连接至交流的旋转电机13。而且，电力转换装置3构成为，能够将从电源配线11P、11N供给的直流电力转换为交流电力，并经由输出配线31驱动旋转电机13。也就是说，电力转换装置3具备逆变器。
主电池2和电力转换装置3通过正极的电源配线12P、11P和负极的电源配线12N、11N连接。在正极的电源配线12P、11P上设置开关4a，在负极的电源配线12N、11N上设置开关4b。也就是说，开关4a切换正极的电源配线12P、11P中的通电、切断。开关4b切换负极的电源配线12N、11N中的通电、切断。两个开关4a、4b一体化，构成系统主继电器4(以下称为“SMR4”)。
在主电池2和开关4a、4b之间的电源配线12P、12N上连接有监视、控制主电池2的电池监视单元14。
第一DC-DC转换器51连接至开关4a、4b与电力转换装置3之间的正负一对的电源配线11P、11N。在第一DC-DC转换器51中的与电源配线11P、11N相反一侧连接有副电池15。第一DC-DC转换器51可以将主电池2的直流电力降压后供给至副电池15。
此外，第一DC-DC转换器51也可以将副电池15的直流电升压后，向电源配线11P、11N供给。从第一DC-DC转换器51向电源配线11P、11N供给的电力被供给至电力转换装置3而用于旋转电机131的驱动，或者用于主电池2的充电。
这样，第一DC-DC转换器51是双向DC-DC转换器，其构造成能够从电源配线11P和11N侧向副电池15侧降压，并且能够从副电池15侧向电源配线11P和11N侧升压。
第二DC-DC转换器52与主电池2和开关4a、4b之间的正负一对的电源配线12P、12N连接。在第二DC-DC转换器52中的与电源配线12P、12N相反一侧连接有副电池15。也就是说，第一DC-DC转换器51和第二DC-DC转换器52双方与副电池15连接。
第二DC-DC转换器52也可以将主电池2的直流电力降压后供给至副电池15。
第二DC-DC转换器52中的低压侧与第一DC-DC转换器51中的低压侧连接。也就是说，第一DC-DC转换器51和第二DC-DC转换器52在其低压侧相互连接，并且与副电池15连接。
与第一DC-DC转换器51类似，第二DC-DC转换器52可以是双向DC-DC转换器，或者可以是仅进行降压的DC-DC转换器。
副电池15是电压低于主电池2的低压电池。例如，主电池2的电压为300V左右，副电池15的电压为12V左右。副电池15例如与动力转向、空调、灯等辅助设备16电连接。另外，副电池15的电力例如也用于车辆用的ECU(电子控制单元)的工作、混合动力系统的起动。
另外，第一DC-DC转换器51和第二DC-DC转换器52的输出电力互不相同。在本实施方式中，第二DC-DC转换器52与第一DC-DC转换器51相比，输出电力较小。并且，在正常运行时，主要通过第一DC-DC转换器51进行向副电池15的充电。第二DC-DC转换器52辅助地进行向副电池15的充电。或者，第二DC-DC转换器52作为非常情况下的备用，也可以控制为在正常运行时不运转。
如图3所示，第一DC-DC转换器51与电力转换装置3一体地设置。例如，第一DC-DC转换器51可以构成为与电力转换装置3一起构成功率控制单元101，并收容在一个壳体中。
另外，第二DC-DC转换器52与主电池2一体地设置。例如，第二DC-DC转换器52可以是与主电池2一起装设于电池组102内的结构。在本实施方式中，在电池组102，除了主电池2以及第二DC-DC转换器52之外，还装设有SMR4以及电池监视单元14。也就是说，第二DC-DC转换器52与开关4a、4b、电池监视单元14都一体地设置。
而且，如图2所示，功率控制单元101装设于车辆6的发动机室61中。另外，电池组102装设于车辆6的车室62中。
接下来，对本实施方式的作用效果进行说明。
在上述车辆用电源系统1中，第一DC-DC转换器51和第二DC-DC转换器52装设于车辆6中相互分离的部位。因此，容易避免两个DC-DC转换器双方都发生故障的情况。也就是说，假设两个DC-DC转换器装设于车辆6的同一部位，则例如在存在车辆碰撞、浸水、外来的强电波的影响等的情况下，两个DC-DC转换器同时发生故障的可能性比较高。
与此相对，通过如上所述那样将第一DC-DC转换器51以及第二DC-DC转换器52装设于车辆6中，能够降低两个DC-DC转换器同时发生故障的可能性。另外，关于DC-DC转换器与其他设备之间的配线的断线，也比两个DC-DC转换器装设于同一部位的情况更容易避免。
此外，通过如上所述设置的第一DC-DC转换器51和第二DC-DC转换器52中的至少一方起作用，能够维持车辆6能够运行的状态。因此，即使在非常情况下，也可以容易地维持车辆6能够运行的状态。
例如，考虑第一DC-DC转换器51发生了故障的情况。
在这种情况下，可以经由第二DC-DC转换器52对副电池15进行充电。
也就是说，将主电池2的高压的直流电力通过第二DC-DC转换器52进行降压，向副电池15供给。由此，副电池15的电力不会不足，可以使车辆继续工作。
在第二DC-DC转换器52发生了故障的情况下，可以经由第一DC-DC转换器51进行向副电池15的充电。
另外，SMR4发生故障，开关4a、4b的至少一方成为无法通电状态的情况下，经由第二DC-DC转换器52和第一DC-DC转换器51，从主电池2向电力转换装置3供给电力。由此，车辆6能运行。另外，可以经由第二DC-DC转换器52进行向副电池15的充电。
第一DC-DC转换器51和第二DC-DC转换器52中的一方装设于车辆6的发动机室61，另一方装设于车辆6的与发动机室61不同的部位。由此，更容易有效地避免两个DC-DC转换器同时发生故障。
第一DC-DC转换器51和第二DC-DC转换器52中的一方装设于发动机室61，另一方装设于车室62内。车室62内是故障的原因较少的环境，因此能够抑制车室62内装设的DC-DC转换器的故障。其结果是，能够更有效地防止两个DC-DC转换器同时发生故障的情况。
特别地，在本实施方式中，第一DC-DC转换器51装设于发动机室61，第二DC-DC转换器52装设于车室62内。由此，能够确保两个DC-DC转换器向车辆6的装设性，并且容易实现DC-DC转换器与其他设备之间的配线的简化等。也就是说，电力转换装置3、旋转电机131通常装设于发动机室61，因此通过将与电力转换装置3连接的第一DC-DC转换器51装设于发动机室61，能够实现配线的简化。另一方面，主电池2一般装设于车室62内，因此通过将与主电池2连接的第二DC-DC转换器52装设于车室62内，能够实现配线的简化。
另外，第一DC-DC转换器51与电力转换装置3一体地设置。由此，能够进一步缩短第一DC-DC转换器51与电力转换装置3之间的配线。因此，能够实现由该配线引起的噪声的降低。另外，也能够降低第一DC-DC转换器51与电力转换装置3之间的断线等的可能性。
第二DC-DC转换器52与主电池2、开关4a、4b、以及电池监视单元14一体地设置。由此，能够进一步缩短第二DC-DC转换器52与主电池2、开关4a、4b以及电池监视单元14之间的配线。因此，能够实现由这些配线引起的噪声的降低。另外，也能够降低这些配线的断线等的可能性。
第一DC-DC转换器51和第二DC-DC转换器52的输出电力互不相同。具体而言，第二DC-DC转换器52与第一DC-DC转换器51相比，输出电力较小。由此，能够减小第二DC-DC转换器52的体积，其结果是，能够提高第二DC-DC转换器52向车辆6的装设性。特别是，在将第二DC-DC转换器52装设于车室62内时，能够提高其配置自由度。另外，也考虑通过减小第二DC-DC转换器52的输出电力，来简化或废除第二DC-DC转换器52的冷却元件。例如，相对于将第一DC-DC转换器51的冷却设为液冷式，也能够将第二DC-DC转换器52的冷却设为空冷式。其结果是，能够进一步提高第二DC-DC转换器52的装设性。
如上所述，根据本实施方式，能够提供一种即使在非常情况下也可以容易地维持车辆能够运行的状态的电源系统。
本发明不限于上述实施方式，可以在不脱离本发明的精神的范围内，应用于各种实施方式。
例如，在上述实施方式中，对装设于混合动力汽车的车辆用电源系统进行了说明，但例如也可以是装设于电动汽车、燃料电池车等的车辆用电源系统。
在上述实施方式中，示出了第二DC-DC转换器与主电池、SMR和电池控制部一体地设置的结构，然而，第二DC-DC转换器也可以与主电池、SMR和电池控制部中的一个或两个一体地设置。
此外，在上述实施方式中，示出了作为DC-DC转换器包括第一DC-DC转换器和第二DC-DC转换器这两个的车辆用电源系统，但是也可以采用包括三个以上DC-DC转换器的车辆用电源系统。
虽然根据实施例对本发明进行了记述，但是应当理解为本发明并不限定于上述实施例、结构。本发明也包含各种各样的变形例、等同范围内的变形。除此之外，各种各样的组合、方式、进一步包含有仅一个要素、一个以上或一个以下的其它组合、方式也属于本发明的范畴、思想范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种车辆用电源系统，所述车辆用电源系统(1)装设于车辆(6)，其特征在于，包括：
主电池(2)；
电力转换装置(3)，所述电力转换装置(3)将所述主电池的直流电力转换为交流电力；
开关(4a、4b)，所述开关(4a、4b)切换所述主电池与所述电力转换装置之间的通电、切断；
第一DC-DC转换器(51)，所述第一DC-DC转换器(51)连接至所述开关和所述电力转换装置之间的电源配线(11P、11N)；以及
第二DC-DC转换器(52)，所述第二DC-DC转换器(52)连接至所述开关与所述主电池之间的电源配线(12P、12N)，
所述第一DC-DC转换器和所述第二DC-DC转换器装设于所述车辆的相互分离的部位。
2.如权利要求1所述的车辆用电源系统，其特征在于，
所述第一DC-DC转换器和所述第二DC-DC转换器中的一方装设于所述车辆的发动机室(61)，另一方装设于所述车辆的与所述发动机室不同的部位。
3.如权利要求2所述的车辆用电源系统，其特征在于，
所述第一DC-DC转换器和所述第二DC-DC转换器中的一方装设于所述发动机室，另一方装设于所述车辆的车室(62)内。
4.如权利要求3所述的车辆用电源系统，其特征在于，
所述第一DC-DC转换器装设于所述发动机室，所述第二DC-DC转换器装设于所述车室内。
5.如权利要求1～4中任一项所述的车辆用电源系统，其特征在于，
所述第一DC-DC转换器与所述电力转换装置一体地设置。
6.如权利要求1～5中任一项所述的车辆用电源系统，其特征在于，
所述第二DC-DC转换器与所述主电池一体地设置。
7.如权利要求1～6中任一项所述的车辆用电源系统，其特征在于，
所述第二DC-DC转换器与所述开关一体地设置。
8.如权利要求1～7中任一项所述的车辆用电源系统，其特征在于，
所述第二DC-DC转换器与监视、控制所述主电池的电池监视单元(14)一体地设置。
9.如权利要求1～8中任一项所述的车辆用电源系统，其特征在于，
所述第一DC-DC转换器和所述第二DC-DC转换器的输出电力彼此不同。
10.如权利要求9所述的车辆用电源系统，其特征在于，
所述第二DC-DC转换器的输出电力小于所述第一DC-DC转换器的输出电力。
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