CN110486394B - Self-energizing wire control actuator - Google Patents
Self-energizing wire control actuator Download PDFInfo
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- CN110486394B CN110486394B CN201910710210.2A CN201910710210A CN110486394B CN 110486394 B CN110486394 B CN 110486394B CN 201910710210 A CN201910710210 A CN 201910710210A CN 110486394 B CN110486394 B CN 110486394B
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
- F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
- F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
- F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/38—Slack adjusters
- F16D65/40—Slack adjusters mechanical
- F16D65/52—Slack adjusters mechanical self-acting in one direction for adjusting excessive play
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
- F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
- F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2123/00—Multiple operation forces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2127/00—Auxiliary mechanisms
- F16D2127/06—Locking mechanisms, e.g. acting on actuators, on release mechanisms or on force transmission mechanisms
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a self-energizing wire control actuator, which comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a rotating rod, a connecting rod with a wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism, a large piston, a small piston, an elastic positioning device and the like. The motor drives the rotating rod to move through the transmission mechanism, the connecting rod with the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism is driven to move through the movement of the rotating rod, the large piston and the brake caliper body are driven to move in opposite directions, the friction plates are pressed tightly from two sides of the brake disc with the same force, the efficient self-energizing braking effect is achieved, and meanwhile, the error self-energizing braking caused by other factors is avoided. The invention has simple structure, reliable work and high braking efficiency, can automatically adjust the braking clearance, compensate the influence caused by the abrasion of the friction plate, simplify the design of a control system and can be used for service braking and parking braking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of brakes, in particular to a brake-by-wire mechanical brake which can replace the existing floating caliper disc type hydraulic brake, realize that friction plates clamp a brake disc from two sides with the same pressure in an electric control mechanical mode, and simultaneously realize adjustable brake clearance and adjustable brake strength, in particular to a self-energizing brake-by-wire.
Background
The brake-by-wire technology is a novel brake technology appearing in recent years, a control system receives information of a sensor to control a motor to work without depending on mechanical or hydraulic connection between a brake and a brake pedal, and stable and reliable brake control of an automobile is realized. At present, there are two main types of electronic hydraulic brake systems (EHB) and electronic mechanical brake systems (EMB). The brake-by-wire system is beneficial to optimizing the braking performance of the whole vehicle, and can be conveniently integrated with other electronic control systems such as ABS, ASR, ESP and the like, so that the system has wide development space.
The electronic hydraulic brake system (EHB) is formed by transforming the traditional hydraulic brake system, the braking process is quicker and more stable, the braking safety and the comfort of an automobile are improved, but the electronic hydraulic brake system does not have all the advantages of a complete brake-by-wire system because a hydraulic component is reserved, and is generally regarded as an advanced product of an electronic mechanical brake system (EMB).
An electronic mechanical brake system (EMB) drives a mechanical mechanism through a motor to realize a braking process, so that the structure of the brake system is greatly simplified, and the brake is easier to arrange, assemble and overhaul. However, the conventional electromechanical braking system often lacks a function of automatically adjusting the braking clearance at the brake part, so that the problem that the efficiency of a brake actuator is variable under the conditions of external environment change and friction plate abrasion of the brake is caused, and certain difficulty is brought to the control of the braking efficiency. Meanwhile, most brakes have the problems of complex structure, large installation size and the like.
Most of the current electromechanical brakes are designed based on disc brakes, and a wedge mechanism is introduced into the electromechanical brakes to generate a self-boosting effect, so that a larger braking efficiency is obtained through a smaller motor driving force. The free clearance of the disc brake is small, and when the friction plate and the brake disc are contacted due to impurities, unevenness and the like, the situation of wrong braking is easy to occur due to the self-energizing property of the wedge mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-energizing brake-by-wire. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable work and the like, can realize the automatic adjustment of the brake clearance, and simultaneously avoids the situation of error braking while the wedge type mechanism generates the self-energizing effect through the matching of the large piston and the mounting hole.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a self-boosting brake-by-wire comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism, a rotating rod, a connecting rod, an elastic positioning device, a large piston, a small piston, a brake caliper body, a brake disc and a friction plate; the method is characterized in that: the friction plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the brake disc, one friction plate is arranged on the large piston, and the other friction plate is arranged on the brake caliper body; the large piston is installed in an installation hole on the brake caliper body through the elastic positioning device; one part of the elastic positioning device is fixedly arranged on the brake caliper body, and the other part of the elastic positioning device has larger friction force with the large piston; the motor is connected with a power input element of the transmission mechanism; the power output element of the transmission mechanism is connected with the rotating rod, and the rotating rod is connected with the small piston/brake caliper body through the connecting rod; the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism is arranged in the connecting rod and comprises a wedge block and an actuating element, and when the wedge block moves under the action of the actuating element, the length of the connecting rod can be changed; the small piston is arranged on the brake caliper body, one end of the small piston is connected with the connecting rod, and the other end of the small piston comprises a curved surface structure with a certain slope; one end of the large piston is provided with the friction plate, and the other end of the large piston is provided with a curved surface structure corresponding to the curved surface structure of the small piston; the curved surface end of the large piston is matched with the curved surface end of the small piston to form a contact curved surface.
A gap is reserved between the large piston and the mounting hole on the brake caliper body, the size of the gap is larger than the feedback of the deformation between the contact of the friction plate and the brake disc and the generation of the maximum braking efficiency on the contact curved surface of the large piston and the small piston in the braking work, and the feedback of the free gap between the friction plate and the brake disc on the contact curved surface of the large piston and the small piston is smaller than the feedback of the free gap between the friction plate and the brake disc on the contact curved surface of the. When the brake works, the friction plate is contacted with the brake disc, and the friction plate generates relative movement on the curved surface between the large piston and the small piston due to the action of friction force, so that the self-boosting effect is realized, and when the maximum brake strength is reached, the large piston is not contacted with the mounting hole. When the friction plate and the brake disc are contacted due to impurities or unevenness between the friction plate and the brake disc, relative movement can be generated on the curved surface between the large piston and the small piston, and the large piston is contacted with the mounting hole before the free gap is completely eliminated, so that the self-boosting effect can not occur.
The wedge will the connecting rod divide into left side section and right side section, the wedge with the junction of connecting rod have a location characteristic, make left side section and the right side section of connecting rod pass through the reliable connection of wedge together, the left side section for the right side section can only move along the axis direction, relative motion in other directions can't appear, the wedge be in the connecting rod on can only follow actuating element's actuating force direction motion, can't realize the removal or the rotation in other directions to improve assembly stability and operational reliability.
The connection between the connecting rod and the rotary rod/small piston/caliper body can meet the position change of the brake during working components through the relative motion between the connecting rod and the rotary rod/small piston/caliper body, and also can meet the position change of the brake during working components through the elastic deformation of the connection between the connecting rod and the rotary rod/small piston/caliper body.
When no transmission link with zero reverse efficiency exists in the transmission mechanism, parking braking under the condition of power failure of the motor is realized by adopting a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism adopts an electromagnetic brake or an electric control mechanical braking device and can be disconnected when being powered on, a transmission element in a transmission link is fixed when the power failure occurs, the pressure between the friction plate and the brake disc is kept, and the parking braking function is realized; when the transmission mechanism is provided with a transmission link with the reverse efficiency of zero, the parking brake can be realized by using the locking mechanism, and the parking brake under the condition of motor power failure can also be realized by using the transmission link with the reverse efficiency of zero and incapable reverse transmission of power and motion.
The rotating rod is supported on the brake caliper body, and the connecting rod is arranged between the small piston and the rotating rod; or the rotating rod is supported on the small piston, and the connecting rod is only arranged between the brake caliper body and the rotating rod.
The device also comprises a roller mechanism which is adopted at the position where the large piston is matched with the small piston in a curved surface manner so as to reduce the friction resistance.
The friction limiting device is arranged between the small piston and the brake caliper body, one part of the friction limiting device is fixedly arranged on the brake caliper body, the other part of the friction limiting device and the small piston have larger friction force, and when the small piston and the brake caliper body have relative displacement, elastic potential energy is generated in the friction limiting device due to the action of friction force; when the small piston and the large piston move together, the axial elasticity of the elastic positioning device of the large piston is smaller than that of the friction limiting device of the small piston.
The curved contact surface between the large piston and the small piston can be a slope, a circular arc surface, a hyperbolic surface, a parabolic surface and the like or a combination of the above curved surfaces.
The wedge block is arranged in the connecting rod and can be self-locked, namely the wedge block cannot move relative to the connecting rod under the axial pressing force of the connecting rod.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of a self-energizing brake-by-wire of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a second embodiment of the self-energizing brake-by-wire of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a locating feature of the invention at the junction of a wedge and a connecting rod of a self-energizing brake-by-wire.
The description is marked in the drawings: 1-brake caliper body 2-rotary rod 3-worm wheel 4-big piston 5-mandrel 6-connecting rod 7-worm 8-wedge block 9-locking wheel 10-motor 11-motor shaft 12-electromagnetic brake 13-big sealing ring 14-small piston 15-friction plate 16-brake disc 17-frustum snap ring 18-inclined spring 19-driven gear 20-electromagnetic coil 21-return spring 22-locking pin 23-small sealing ring 24-driving gear 25-snap ring 26-spring 27-actuating spring 28-positioning sliding sleeve 28
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in figure 1, a self-energizing brake control device comprises a caliper body 1, a brake disc 16 is arranged in a jaw of the caliper body 1, friction plates 15 are arranged on two sides of the brake disc 16, one is arranged on the caliper body 1, the other is arranged on a large piston 4, the large piston 4 is arranged on the caliper body 1 through a large sealing ring 13, large friction force is generated between the contact surfaces of the large sealing ring 13 and the large piston 4, and when the displacement of the large piston 4 is within the elastic deformation range of the large sealing ring 13, relative movement does not exist between the contact surfaces of the large sealing ring 13 and the large piston 4. The other end of the large piston 4 has an inclined surface and is fitted with a small piston 14 having the same inclined surface, the small piston 14 is mounted on the caliper body 1 through a snap ring 25, the snap ring 25 is pushed to a side away from the brake disc 16 by a spring 26, and the spring 26 is mounted on the caliper body 1. There is a large frictional force between the contact surfaces of the snap ring 25 and the small piston 14, and when the displacement of the small piston 14 is within the elastic deformation range of the spring 26, there is no relative movement between the contact surfaces of the snap ring 25 and the small piston 14. The other side of the small piston 14 is provided with a rotating rod 2, the connecting rod 6 is hinged with one end of the rotating rod 2, the small piston 14, the other end of the rotating rod 2 and the brake caliper body 1, the center of the rotating rod 2 is fixedly installed with a mandrel 5, the mandrel 5 is fixedly connected with a worm wheel 3, and a worm 7 matched with the worm wheel 3 to work is driven by a motor 10. The connecting rod 6 is internally provided with a wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism, a wedge-shaped block 8 and an actuating spring 27, the connecting rod 6 is divided into two sections by the wedge-shaped block 8, the left section and the right section of the wedge-shaped block 8 are combined with the left section and the right section respectively in a positioning characteristic T-shaped groove, so that the left section and the right section of the connecting rod 6 are reliably connected together through the wedge-shaped block 8, the left section can only move along the axis direction relative to the right section, relative movement in other directions can not occur, and the assembly stability and the working reliability of the connecting rod 6 are ensured. The wedge-shaped block 8 can move only in the urging force direction of the urging spring 23. When the left section moves relative to the right section along the axial direction, so that a gap is formed between the contact surfaces of the connecting rod 6 and the wedge block 8, the wedge block 8 is moved to the small end by the actuating spring 23, and the gap is compensated. The compression contact surface between the wedge block 8 and the connecting rod 6 is self-locked, namely when acting force is applied along the axial direction of the connecting rod 6 to compress the wedge block 8, the wedge block 8 and the connecting rod 6 are relatively static.
When the brake works, the motor 10 drives the rotating rod 2 to rotate through the worm gear mechanism, two ends of the rotating rod 2 respectively move towards opposite directions to drive the connecting rod 6 to move, the brake caliper body 1 is pushed to move rightwards, the large piston 4/the small piston 14 move leftwards, namely the large piston 4/the small piston 14 and the brake caliper body 1 move towards opposite directions, when the friction plate 15 is in contact with the brake disc 16 to generate friction force, the large piston 4 moves relative to the small piston 14 due to the action of the friction force and a curved surface between the large piston and the small piston, and the self-energizing effect is realized. When the maximum braking strength is reached, the large piston 4 is not in contact with the mounting hole. At this time, the large seal ring 13 is elastically deformed to store elastic potential energy, no relative motion occurs between the contact surfaces of the large seal ring 13 and the large piston 4, and at the same time, the snap ring 25 and the small piston 14 move together to compress the spring 26, and the spring 26 is elastically deformed to store elastic potential energy, and no relative motion occurs between the contact surfaces of the snap ring 25 and the small piston 14. When the brake is released, the motor 10 drives the rotating rod 2 and the connecting rod 6 to rotate reversely through the worm gear mechanism, so that the elastic potential energy stored in the large sealing ring 13 and the spring 26 is released, the large piston 4/the small piston 14 and the brake caliper body 1 move relatively, and all elements recover to the initial positions.
When the friction plate 15 is worn and the thickness is reduced, and the brake works, the motor 10 drives the rotating rod 2 to rotate through the worm gear mechanism, so as to push the large piston 4/the small piston 14 and the brake caliper body 1 to move relatively, when the elastic deformation of the large sealing ring 13 and the spring 26 reaches the maximum, the braking effect is not good due to the abrasion of the friction plate 15, at this time, the motor 10 continues to drive the rotating rod 2 to rotate, i.e. the large piston 4/small piston 14 and the caliper body 1, continue to move relatively, so that the large seal ring 13 and the spring 26 maintain the maximum elastic deformation, the large piston 4 overcomes the friction force between the large sealing ring 13, the small piston 14 overcomes the friction force between the snap ring 25, and the new contact surface is matched, i.e. the displacement of the large piston 4/small piston 14 relative to the caliper body 1 is greater than the maximum elastic deformation of the large sealing ring 13/spring 26. When the brake is released, the motor 10 drives the worm gear mechanism to rotate reversely to drive the rotating rod 2 to rotate reversely, the elastic potential energy of the large sealing ring 13/the spring 26 is released, so that the large piston 4/the small piston 14 and the brake caliper body 1 move relatively, at the moment, the large sealing ring 13, the large piston 4, the snap ring 25 and the small piston 14 are positioned in a matched manner by new contact surfaces, after the elastic potential energy of the large sealing ring 13/the spring 26 is completely released, the positions of the large piston 4/the small piston 14 and the brake caliper body 1 are kept still, the motor 10 drives the rotating rod 2 and the part of the connecting rod 6 hinged thereon to continue to move so as to return to the initial position, and the part of the connecting rod 6 hinged on the small piston 14 and the brake caliper body 1 is kept still, therefore, the distance between the left side section and the right side section of the connecting rod 6 is increased, and a gap is formed, the actuating spring 27 moves the wedge-shaped block 8 towards the small end, compensating for the play, and thus increasing the length of the connecting rod 6. At this time, the return displacement of the large piston 4/the small piston 14 and the brake caliper body 1 is still the maximum elastic deformation of the spring 26, so that the brake clearance is kept the same as that before abrasion, and automatic adjustment of the brake clearance is realized.
When parking braking is needed, the motor 10 drives the friction plate 15 to press the brake disc 16, the requirement of parking braking is met, and parking braking under the condition that the motor 10 is powered off is achieved by the worm and gear transmission mechanism with zero reverse efficiency. Or the parking brake function is realized by using a locking mechanism.
Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 2.
The embodiment of fig. 2 differs from the embodiment of fig. 1 mainly as follows:
the transmission mechanisms are different, a worm gear mechanism is adopted for transmission in the attached drawing 1, a mandrel 5 fixedly connected with a worm wheel 3 is a power output element of the transmission mechanism, and is fixedly connected with a rotating rod 2; in the attached figure 2, a gear mechanism is adopted for transmission, and a mandrel 5 fixedly connected with a driven gear 19 is a power output element of the transmission mechanism and is fixedly connected with a rotating rod 2.
Different elastic positioning devices are adopted, a large sealing ring 13 is adopted in the attached drawing 1 to realize an elastic positioning function, and elastic potential energy is stored by utilizing the elastic deformation of the large sealing ring 13; in the attached figure 2, an inclined spring 18 and a frustum snap ring 17 are adopted to realize the elastic positioning function, and the inclined spring 18 is utilized to generate elastic deformation to store elastic potential energy.
The friction limiting device is different, in the attached drawing 1, a snap ring 25 and a spring 26 are adopted to realize the friction limiting function of the small piston 14, and in the attached drawing 2, a small sealing ring 23 is adopted to realize the friction limiting function.
The parking braking function is realized in different modes, in the attached figure 1, when a worm gear mechanism with zero reverse efficiency is adopted, the parking braking function can be realized by directly utilizing the worm gear mechanism, and also can be realized by utilizing a locking mechanism, namely the electromagnetic brake, the electric control mechanical braking device and the like; in the attached figure 2, the parking braking mode is shown when the electromagnetic brake 12 is powered on, the motor shaft 11 is released, and when the power is off, the motor shaft 11 is locked to realize the power-off condition of the motor 10, and the parking braking mode is also shown when the electromagnetic coil 20 is powered on, the locking pin 22 is under the action of electromagnetic force to compress the return spring 21, so that the locking pin 22 is not in contact with the locking wheel 9, and the braking or releasing of the brake is not influenced; when parking braking is needed, the motor 10 drives the friction plate 15 to press the brake disc 16 to meet the parking braking requirement, then the electromagnetic coil 20 is powered off, the locking pin 22 is inserted into the teeth of the locking wheel 9 under the elastic force action of the return spring 21, the parking braking effect is kept, and the parking braking function under the condition that the motor 10 is powered off can be achieved.
The connecting rods are connected in different modes, the connecting rod 6 and the rotating rod 2/the small piston 14/the brake caliper body 1 in the attached drawing 1 are connected in a hinge mode, and the working requirements of the system are met through hinge motion. In the embodiment of fig. 2, the connecting rod 6 is connected with the rotating rod 2 through a hinge, the connecting rod is connected with the small piston 14 through an elastic connection, and the requirement of relative movement between the components is met through elastic deformation of the connecting part in the braking working process and the braking releasing process.
The structure and the movement characteristics are different, in the attached drawing 1, the connecting rod 6 is connected with one end of the rotating rod 2 and the small piston 14, and the other end of the rotating rod 2 and the caliper body 1, the installation and the positioning and the movement state of the rotating rod 2 are relatively independent from the caliper body 1 and do not influence each other; in the attached figure 2, the connecting rod 6 is connected with one end of the rotating rod 2 and the small piston 14, the rotating rod 2 is fixedly arranged on the mandrel 5 and supported on the caliper body 1 through the mandrel 5, and during the working process, the rotating rod 2 moves together with the caliper body 1 besides moving around the axis of the rotating rod 2.
The positioning characteristics are different, the positioning characteristics of the wedge-shaped block 8 in the attached drawing 1 adopt a T-shaped groove, and the positioning characteristics of the wedge-shaped block 8 in the attached drawing 2 adopt a dovetail groove.
The wedge-shaped adjusting mechanisms are different, the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism in the attached figure 1 adopts two wedge-shaped blocks 8 which are symmetrically arranged in the connecting rod 6, and the actuating spring 27 is arranged between the wedge-shaped blocks 8; in the figure 2, the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism adopts a wedge-shaped block 8, one end of an actuating spring 27 is connected with the small end of the wedge-shaped block 8, and the other end is fixed on a connecting rod 6. In addition, the shape of the wedge-shaped blocks 8 is also different.
As shown in fig. 2, a brake disc 16 is arranged in a jaw of the brake caliper body 1, friction plates 15 are arranged on two sides of the brake disc 16, one is arranged on the brake caliper body 1, the other is arranged on the large piston 4, the large piston 4 is arranged on the brake caliper body 1 through a frustum snap ring 17, the frustum snap ring 17 is pushed to the side far away from the brake disc 16 by a bevel spring 18, and the bevel spring 18 is arranged on the brake caliper body 1. There is a large friction between the contact surfaces of the frustum snap ring 17 and the large piston 4, and when the displacement of the large piston 4 is within the elastic deformation range of the inclined spring 18, there is no relative movement between the contact surfaces of the frustum snap ring 17 and the large piston 4. The other end of big piston 4 has the inclined plane, with the little piston 14 cooperation that also has the inclined plane, little piston 14 passes through little sealing washer 23 and installs on the caliper body 1, the opposite side of little piston 14 has rotary rod 2, the one end and the little piston 14 of rotary rod 2 are connected to connecting rod 6, rotary rod 2 fixed mounting is on dabber 5, dabber 5 supports on the caliper body 1, can only rotate around self axis, dabber 5 and driven gear 19 fixed connection, driven gear 19 meshes with driving gear 24, driving gear 24 fixed mounting is on motor shaft 11. The connecting rod 6 is internally provided with a wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism, a wedge-shaped block 8 and an actuating spring 27, the connecting rod 6 is divided into two sections by the wedge-shaped block 8, the left section and the right section of the wedge-shaped block 8 are combined with the left section and the right section respectively through a positioning characteristic-dovetail groove, so that the left section and the right section of the connecting rod 6 are reliably connected together through the wedge-shaped block 8, and the assembling stability and the working reliability of the connecting rod 6 are ensured. The wedge-shaped block 8 can move only in the urging force direction of the urging spring 27.
When the brake works, the motor 10 drives the driving gear 24 to rotate, so as to drive the driven gear 19 to rotate, namely the mandrel 5 rotates, so as to drive the rotary rod 2 to rotate, so as to drive the connecting rod 6 to push the large piston 4/the small piston 14 to move leftwards, and simultaneously, the rotary rod 2, the mandrel 5 and the brake caliper body 1 move rightwards together, so as to drive the corresponding friction plates 15 to press the brake disc 16 from two sides with the same force, and the high-efficiency and reliable self-energizing brake effect is realized through the contact curved surfaces between the large piston and the. At this time, the frustum snap ring 17 and the large piston 4 move together to compress the inclined spring 18, the inclined spring 18 elastically deforms to store elastic potential energy, no relative motion exists between the contact surfaces of the frustum snap ring 17 and the large piston 4, meanwhile, the small sealing ring 23 elastically deforms to store elastic potential energy, and no relative motion exists between the contact surfaces of the small sealing ring 23 and the small piston 14. When the brake is released, the motor 10 drives the driven gear 19 to rotate reversely, the rotating rod 2 and the connecting rod 6 also move reversely, so that the elastic potential energy stored in the inclined spring 18 and the small sealing ring 23 is released, the large piston 4/the small piston 14 and the brake caliper body 1 move relatively, and all the elements recover the initial positions.
When the friction plate 15 is worn and the thickness becomes thinner, and the brake works, the motor 10 drives the rotating rod 2 to rotate through the gear mechanism, so as to push the large piston 4/the small piston 14 and the brake caliper body 1 to move relatively, when the elastic deformation of the inclined spring 18 and the small sealing ring 23 reaches the maximum, the brake effect is not good because the friction plate 15 is worn, at the moment, the motor 10 drives the rotating rod 2 to continue to rotate, the inclined spring 18 and the small sealing ring 23 keep the maximum elastic deformation, the large piston 4 overcomes the friction force between the large piston 4 and the frustum clamping ring 17, and the small piston 14 overcomes the friction force between the small piston 23 and the frustum clamping ring 17 to match with a new contact surface. When the brake is released, the motor 10 drives the gear mechanism to rotate reversely to drive the rotating rod 2 to rotate reversely, the elastic potential energy of the inclined spring 18 and the small sealing ring 23 is released, so that the large piston 4/the small piston 14 and the brake caliper body 1 move relatively, at the moment, the small sealing ring 23 and the small piston 14 are positioned in a matching way by a new contact surface, the wedge block 8 is moved towards the small end by the actuating spring 27 in the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism, the length of the connecting rod 6 is increased to compensate the size change caused by the abrasion of the friction plate 15, the return displacement is still the maximum elastic deformation of the small sealing ring 23, therefore, the brake gap is kept to be the same as that before the abrasion, and the automatic adjustment of the brake.
The implementation of the parking brake function has been described in detail above and will not be repeated here. In this embodiment, the electromechanical brake device may also act directly on the driving gear 4 or the driven gear 19, and a similar parking brake effect may be obtained.
In the embodiment of fig. 1 and 2, the elastic positioning device on the large piston 4 can be independently used for working, and the friction limiting device on the small piston 14 is eliminated.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a locating feature. The positioning features in figure 1 are T-shaped grooves, the positioning features in figure 2 are dovetail grooves, and the positioning features are on the combined surfaces of the wedge-shaped blocks 8 and the connecting rods 6. The location characteristic in figure 3 is that the locating slide sleeve 28, the cladding is at the surface of connecting rod 6, connects left side section and right side section separated by wedge 8, keeps the whole rigidity of connecting rod 6, and simultaneously, the left side section and the right side section of connecting rod 6 can slide along the axis direction in locating slide sleeve 28, satisfy the operational requirement of system, guarantee the assembly stability and the operational reliability of connecting rod 6.
The transmission mechanism can adopt other transmission modes or the combination of the transmission modes except a worm gear mechanism and a planetary gear mechanism, such as chain transmission, belt transmission, dead axle gear transmission, lever transmission, inhaul cable transmission and the like, the elastic positioning device/friction limiting device can also adopt other structures except a sealing ring, a spring/a snap ring to realize similar functions, the locking mechanism can also act a locking pin on other gears or a special locking ratchet wheel integrated with the gears, or a ratchet-pawl mechanism is arranged on a motor shaft to realize locking functions, the number of the wedge blocks in the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism can be three or more, the shape of the wedge block can also be changed in various ways, the positioning characteristics of the wedge block can adopt other structural modes such as a lug boss, a flat key and the like besides a T-shaped groove, a dovetail groove and a positioning sliding sleeve, to enhance assembly stability and operational reliability. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive labor based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention has been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover various modifications, adaptations or uses of the invention, and all such modifications and changes are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A self-boosting brake-by-wire comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism, a rotating rod, a connecting rod, an elastic positioning device, a large piston, a small piston, a brake caliper body, a brake disc and a friction plate; the motor is connected with a power input element of the transmission mechanism; the power output element of the transmission mechanism is connected with the rotating rod; the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism is arranged in the connecting rod and comprises a wedge block and an actuating element, and when the wedge block moves under the action of the actuating element, the length of the connecting rod can be changed; the method is characterized in that: the friction plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the brake disc, one friction plate is arranged on the large piston, and the other friction plate is arranged on the brake caliper body; the large piston is installed in an installation hole on the brake caliper body through the elastic positioning device; one part of the elastic positioning device is fixedly arranged on the brake caliper body, and the other part of the elastic positioning device has larger friction force with the large piston; the rotary rod is connected with the small piston/brake caliper body by the connecting rod; the small piston is arranged on the brake caliper body, one end of the small piston is connected with the connecting rod, and the other end of the small piston comprises a curved surface structure with a certain slope; one end of the large piston is provided with the friction plate, and the other end of the large piston is provided with a curved surface structure matched with the curved surface structure of the small piston; the curved surface end of the large piston is matched with the curved surface end of the small piston to form a contact curved surface; a gap is reserved between the large piston and the mounting hole on the brake caliper body, the size of the gap is larger than the feedback of the deformation between the contact of the friction plate and the brake disc and the generation of the maximum braking efficiency on the contact curved surface of the large piston and the small piston in the braking work, and the feedback of the free gap between the friction plate and the brake disc on the contact curved surface of the large piston and the small piston is smaller than the feedback of the free gap between the friction plate and the brake disc on the contact curved surface of the.
2. A self-energizing brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: the wedge will the connecting rod divide into left side section and right side section, the wedge with the junction of connecting rod have a location characteristic, make left side section and right side section of connecting rod pass through the reliable connection of wedge together, left side section for the right side section can only move along the axis direction, relative motion in other directions can't appear, the wedge be in the connecting rod on can only follow actuating element's actuating force direction motion, can't realize the removal or the rotation in other directions.
3. A self-energizing brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: the connecting rod and the rotary rod/small piston/brake caliper body are connected, the position change of the brake working time component is met through the relative motion between the connecting rod and the rotary rod/small piston/brake caliper body, or the position change of the brake working time component is met through the elastic deformation of the connecting part between the connecting rod and the rotary rod/small piston/brake caliper body.
4. A self-energizing brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: when no transmission link with zero reverse efficiency exists in the transmission mechanism, parking braking under the condition of power failure of the motor is realized by adopting a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism adopts an electromagnetic brake or an electric control mechanical braking device and can be disconnected when being powered on, a transmission element in a transmission link is fixed when the power failure occurs, the pressure between the friction plate and the brake disc is kept, and the parking braking function is realized; when the transmission mechanism is provided with a transmission link with the reverse efficiency of zero, the parking brake is realized by the locking mechanism, or the parking brake is realized by the reverse efficiency of zero and the power and the motion can not be transmitted reversely.
5. A self-energizing brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: the rotating rod is supported on the brake caliper body, and the connecting rod is arranged between the small piston and the rotating rod; or the rotating rod is supported on the small piston, and the connecting rod is only arranged between the brake caliper body and the rotating rod.
6. A self-energizing brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: and a roller mechanism is adopted at the position where the large piston is matched with the small piston in a curved surface manner.
7. A self-energizing brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: the friction limiting device is arranged between the small piston and the brake caliper body, one part of the friction limiting device is fixedly arranged on the brake caliper body, the other part of the friction limiting device and the small piston have larger friction force, and when the small piston and the brake caliper body have relative displacement, elastic potential energy is generated in the friction limiting device due to the action of friction force; when the small piston and the large piston move together, the axial elasticity of the elastic positioning device of the large piston is smaller than that of the friction limiting device of the small piston.
8. A self-energizing brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: the contact curved surface between the large piston and the small piston adopts one curved surface of an inclined plane/a circular arc surface/a hyperbolic surface/a parabolic surface or the combination of the curved surfaces.
9. A self-energizing brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: the wedge block is arranged in the connecting rod and can be self-locked, namely the wedge block cannot move relative to the connecting rod under the axial pressing force of the connecting rod.
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| CN201910710210.2A CN110486394B (en) | 2019-07-27 | 2019-07-27 | Self-energizing wire control actuator |
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| CN113323972B (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2022-07-15 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Braking device for large-diameter gear equipment |
| CN114382802B (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2023-06-30 | 浙江师范大学 | Linear control actuator |
| CN114396439B (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2023-06-30 | 浙江师范大学 | Linear control actuator |
| CN114483822B (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2023-06-30 | 浙江师范大学 | Linear control actuator |
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| CN102996684B (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2017-02-08 | 陈坤 | High-reinforcement disk brake |
| CN103343788B (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-07-08 | 吉林大学 | Wedge-shaped automobile brake device based on proportional electromagnet driving |
| DE102014202189A1 (en) * | 2014-02-06 | 2015-08-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brake device and method for operating a braking device for an automatic parking brake |
| CN205689645U (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-11-16 | 金华职业技术学院 | A kind of dual-wedge formula automobile electromechanical brake |
| CN107035790A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-08-11 | 金华职业技术学院 | A kind of self-boosting type automobile electromechanical brake |
| CN108591306B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-08-04 | 浙江师范大学 | Electronic mechanical brake-by-wire |
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