CN114658772A - Electronic mechanical line control brake with more stable transmission characteristic - Google Patents
Electronic mechanical line control brake with more stable transmission characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN114658772A CN114658772A CN202210340202.5A CN202210340202A CN114658772A CN 114658772 A CN114658772 A CN 114658772A CN 202210340202 A CN202210340202 A CN 202210340202A CN 114658772 A CN114658772 A CN 114658772A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- brake
- connecting rod
- piston
- handed screw
- caliper body
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
- F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/38—Slack adjusters
- F16D65/40—Slack adjusters mechanical
- F16D65/52—Slack adjusters mechanical self-acting in one direction for adjusting excessive play
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/14—Mechanical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
- F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2123/00—Multiple operation forces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
- F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
- F16D2125/34—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting in the direction of the axis of rotation
- F16D2125/40—Screw-and-nut
Abstract
The invention relates to an electronic mechanical line control brake with more stable transmission characteristics, which comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a bidirectional nut, a left-handed screw, a right-handed screw, a piston, a connecting rod with a wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism, a friction limiting device and the like. The motor drives the bidirectional nut to rotate through the transmission mechanism, the bidirectional nut and screw transmission mechanism drives the connecting rod to move, the driving piston and the brake caliper body move in opposite directions, the friction plates are pressed tightly by the same force from two sides of the brake disc, and the efficient braking effect is achieved. The invention has simple structure, reliable work and high braking efficiency, can automatically adjust the braking clearance, compensate the influence caused by the abrasion of the friction plate, simplify the design of a control system and can be used for service braking and parking braking.
Description
The application is a divisional application, and the application numbers of the original invention applications are as follows: 201810024791X, filing date: 1, month 3 in 2018, original application name: an electromechanical brake-by-wire.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of brakes, in particular to a wire-controlled mechanical brake which can replace the existing floating caliper disc type hydraulic brake, realize that friction plates clamp a brake disc from two sides with the same pressure in an electric control mechanical mode, and simultaneously realize adjustable brake clearance and adjustable brake strength, in particular to an electronic mechanical wire-controlled brake.
Background
The brake-by-wire technology is a novel brake technology appearing in recent years, a control system receives information of a sensor to control a motor to work without depending on mechanical or hydraulic connection between a brake and a brake pedal, and stable and reliable brake control of an automobile is realized. At present, there are two main types of electronic hydraulic brake systems (EHB) and electronic mechanical brake systems (EMB). The brake-by-wire system is beneficial to optimizing the braking performance of the whole vehicle, and can be conveniently integrated with other electronic control systems such as ABS, ASR, ESP and the like, so that the system has wide development space.
The electronic hydraulic brake system (EHB) is formed by transforming the traditional hydraulic brake system, the braking process is quicker and more stable, the braking safety and the comfort of an automobile are improved, but the electronic hydraulic brake system does not have all the advantages of a complete brake-by-wire system because a hydraulic component is reserved, and is generally regarded as an advanced product of an electronic mechanical brake system (EMB).
An electronic mechanical brake system (EMB) drives a mechanical mechanism through a motor to realize a braking process, so that the structure of the brake system is greatly simplified, and the brake is easier to arrange, assemble and overhaul. However, the conventional electromechanical braking system often lacks a function of automatically adjusting the braking clearance at the braking part, so that the problem that the efficiency of a brake actuator is variable under the conditions of external environment change and friction plate abrasion of the brake is caused, and certain difficulty is brought to the control of the braking efficiency. Meanwhile, most brakes have the problems of complex structure, large installation size and the like.
The invention is different from the invention patent with the application number of 201710814660.7 in that: the length of the connecting rod is changed through the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism, so that the automatic adjustment of the braking clearance after the friction plate of the brake is abraded is realized; the invention patent with application number 201710814660.7 utilizes a one-way clutch to realize automatic adjustment of a braking gap after a friction plate of a brake is worn, but the transmission characteristic changes greatly when the thickness of the friction plate is different along with the wear of the friction plate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electromechanical brake-by-wire with more stable transmission characteristics. The invention has the capability of automatically adjusting the braking clearance, and simultaneously, the transmission ratio of the connecting rod is changed very little by keeping the position of one end of the connecting rod unchanged and only moving the position of one end of the piston during the clearance adjustment, so that the magnitude of the braking clamping force can be converted by detecting the displacement or the rotation angle of the friction plate driving mechanism, and the control system is correspondingly simplified.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
an electronic mechanical line control brake with more stable transmission characteristics comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a bidirectional nut, a left-handed screw, a right-handed screw, a connecting rod, a wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism, a piston, a friction limiting device, a brake caliper body, a brake disc and a friction plate; the friction plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the brake disc, one friction plate is arranged on the piston, and the other friction plate is arranged on the brake caliper body; the piston is arranged on the brake caliper body through the friction limiting device; one part of the friction limiting device is fixedly arranged on the brake caliper body, and the other part of the friction limiting device has larger friction force with the outer surface of the piston; the motor is connected with an input element of the transmission mechanism; the terminal element of the transmission mechanism is connected with the bidirectional nut, and the bidirectional nut comprises a left-handed thread part and a right-handed thread part which are respectively matched with the left-handed screw and the right-handed screw; the connecting rods are respectively connected between the left-handed screw and the piston, between the right-handed screw and the piston, between the left-handed screw and the brake caliper body, and between the right-handed screw and the brake caliper body; the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism is arranged in the connecting rod and comprises a wedge block and an actuating element, and when the wedge block moves under the action of the actuating element, the length of the connecting rod can be changed; the left-handed screw and the right-handed screw are simultaneously screwed in and move in opposite directions to drive the connecting rod to move, the connecting rod drives the brake caliper body and the piston to move in opposite directions to drive the friction plate to press the brake disc from two sides;
when braking, the motor drives the bidirectional nut to rotate through the transmission mechanism, the left-handed screw and the right-handed screw are driven by the bidirectional nut screw transmission mechanism to simultaneously screw in to drive the connecting rod to move, the connecting rod drives the piston and the brake caliper body to respectively move in opposite directions, so that the friction plates are tightly pressed on two sides of the brake disc to obtain a high-efficiency and reliable braking effect, at the moment, the piston and the brake caliper body are relatively displaced, and elastic potential energy is generated in the friction limiting device; when the brake is released, the motor drives the bidirectional nut to move reversely through the transmission mechanism, and simultaneously, under the action of elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device, the piston and the brake caliper body move relatively to restore to the initial position, at the moment, the left-handed screw and the right-handed screw are simultaneously screwed out, and the connecting rod and the bidirectional nut screw transmission mechanism correspondingly move to restore to the initial position;
when the friction plate is worn and thinned, and the brake works, the motor drives the bidirectional nut to rotate through the transmission mechanism, so that the piston and the brake caliper body move relatively, the elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device reaches the maximum, the brake effect is poor due to the thinning of the friction plate, the motor continues to work at the moment, the bidirectional nut is driven to continue to rotate, the friction force between the outer surface of the piston and the friction limiting device is overcome, the piston and the brake caliper body continue to move relatively, and the brake disc is pressed tightly, so that the reliable and efficient brake effect is obtained; when the brake is released, the motor drives the bidirectional nut to move reversely through the transmission mechanism, meanwhile, the piston and the brake caliper body move relatively under the action of elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device, at the moment, the piston and the friction limiting device are relatively fixed at a new contact position, therefore, the return displacement of the piston and the brake caliper body when the brake is released is smaller than the displacement in the brake working process, and the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism arranged in the connecting rod works when the motor drives the bidirectional nut and screw transmission mechanism to move reversely to recover to the initial working position, the actuating element drives the wedge block to move, so that the length of the connecting rod is changed, so as to meet the size requirement of the abraded friction plate and realize the automatic adjustment of the braking clearance.
The bidirectional nut, the left-handed screw and the right-handed screw are in a circulating ball structure, so that the friction resistance is reduced, and the working efficiency of the system is improved.
The wedge block is arranged in the connecting rod and can be self-locked, namely the wedge block cannot move relative to the connecting rod under the axial pressing force of the connecting rod.
The connecting rods have the same size and are symmetrically arranged.
The connecting rod and the left-handed screw/the right-handed screw/the piston/the brake caliper body are connected, the position change of the brake during working parts can be met through the relative motion between the connecting rod and the left-handed screw/the right-handed screw/the piston/the brake caliper body, and the position change of the brake during working parts can also be met through the elastic deformation of the connecting part between the connecting rod and the left-handed screw/the right-handed screw/the piston/the brake caliper body.
When no transmission link with zero reverse efficiency exists in the transmission mechanism or the nut-screw transmission pair, parking braking under the condition of power failure of the motor is realized by adopting a locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism adopts an electromagnetic brake or an electric control mechanical braking device, can fix a transmission element in the transmission link when the motor is switched on or switched off, keeps the pressure between the friction plate and the brake disc, and realizes the parking braking function; when the transmission mechanism or the nut screw transmission pair is provided with a transmission link with the reverse efficiency of zero, the parking brake can be realized by using the locking mechanism, and the parking brake under the condition of motor power failure can also be realized by using the condition that the reverse efficiency is zero and the power and the motion can not be reversely transmitted.
The bidirectional nut is arranged on the brake caliper body, and the connecting rod is arranged between the left-handed screw and the piston and between the right-handed screw and the piston; or the bidirectional nut is arranged on the piston, and the connecting rod is arranged between the left-handed screw and the brake caliper body and between the right-handed screw and the brake caliper body.
The contact point between the connecting rod and the piston can move on the surface of the piston; or the contact point between the connecting rod and the caliper body can be moved on the caliper body surface.
The wedge will the connecting rod divide into left side section and right side section, the wedge with the junction of connecting rod have a location characteristic, make left side section and the right side section of connecting rod pass through the reliable connection of wedge together, the left side section for the right side section can only move along the axis direction, relative motion in other directions can't appear, the wedge be in the connecting rod on can only follow actuating element's actuating force direction motion, can't realize the removal or the rotation in other directions to improve assembly stability and operational reliability.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the transmission ratio of the mechanism varies less over the life of the brake. Compared with the invention patent 201710814660.7, the position of the connecting point of the connecting rod and one end of the piston gradually approaches to the brake disc along with the abrasion of the friction plate, and the position of the connecting point of the other end of the connecting rod keeps unchanged, so that the transmission ratio of the connecting rod part is more stable, the relation between the output torque of the motor and the braking strength of the brake in the whole life cycle of the brake is more stable, and the control system is not required to be adjusted due to overlarge change of the transmission ratio caused by the abrasion of the friction plate, thereby reducing the control difficulty.
2. The design is more flexible, and the adaptability is better. In the invention patent 201710814660.7, since the one-way clutch is adopted, in the process of wear of the friction plate, the connection point of the connecting rod and the left-handed screw and the connection point of the connecting rod and the right-handed screw gradually approach each other, that is, the axis of the connecting rod gradually approaches the motion trajectory of the piston, and even the two may coincide with each other (the axis of the connecting rod and the motion trajectory of the piston may coincide or be parallel to each other by adopting other structural forms in combination with the attached drawings), the braking operation cannot be realized, and therefore, this problem must be considered in the design process, and the layout and dimensional relationship of related elements must leave enough dimensional change influence margin caused by wear of the friction plate. In the invention, because the connecting point of the connecting rod and the left-handed screw and the right-handed screw always returns to the initial working position, although the piston gradually approaches the brake disc in the abrasion process of the friction plate, one end of the connecting rod gradually approaches the brake disc, and the axis of the connecting rod also has the tendency of gradually approaching the motion track of the piston, the axis of the connecting rod and the motion track line of the piston can never coincide or be parallel because the position of the other end of the connecting rod is kept unchanged, the braking work can be smoothly finished all the time in the whole life cycle of the brake, the condition that the braking action can not be finished because the axis of the connecting rod coincides or is parallel to the motion track of the piston can not occur, the design process is more free, and the processing on the structural characteristics, the position layout, the size relationship and the like of each part is more flexible.
3. The brake clearance is automatically adjusted. Through the length change of the connecting rod, the piston can be ensured to be close to the brake disc gradually along with the abrasion of the friction plate all the time, the clearance of the brake is kept unchanged, meanwhile, the actuating device of the piston is kept to have no clearance, and the rigidity is stable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of an electromechanical brake-by-wire having more stable transmission characteristics according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a second embodiment of the electromechanical brake-by-wire having more stable transmission characteristics according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of a third embodiment of the electromechanical brake-by-wire of the present invention having more stable transmission characteristics.
The description is marked in the drawings: 1-brake caliper support 2-guide pin 3-brake caliper body 4-dextrorotation screw rod 5-two-way nut 6-connecting rod 7-levorotation screw rod 8-wedge 9-locking wheel 10-motor 11-motor shaft 12-electromagnetic brake 13-sealing ring 14-piston 15-friction plate 16-brake disc 17-snap ring 18-spring 19-driving gear 20-driven gear 21-return spring 22-electromagnetic coil 23-locking pin 24-worm wheel 25-worm 26-actuating spring 27-positioning sliding sleeve.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, an electromechanical brake-by-wire brake with more stable transmission characteristics includes a caliper body (3) movable on a guide pin (2), the guide pin (2) being fixed to a caliper bracket (1). A brake disc (16) is arranged in a jaw of the brake caliper body (3), friction plates (15) are arranged on two sides of the brake disc (16), one is arranged on the brake caliper body (3) and the other is arranged on the piston (14), the piston (14) is arranged on the brake caliper body (3) through a sealing ring (13), large friction force exists between contact surfaces of the sealing ring (13) and the piston (14), and when the piston (14) moves within the elastic deformation range of the sealing ring (13), relative movement does not exist between the contact surfaces of the sealing ring (13) and the piston (14). The other side of piston (14) has two-way nut (5), and the left-handed screw thread part on it installs left-handed screw (7), and right-handed screw thread part installs right-handed screw (4), connecting rod (6) hinged joint left-handed screw (7) and piston (14), right-handed screw (4) and piston (14), left-handed screw (7) and brake caliper body (3), right-handed screw (4) and brake caliper body (3), these several connecting rods (6) symmetry setting. The wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism is installed in the connecting rod (6), the wedge-shaped block (8) and the actuating spring (26) are arranged, the connecting rod (6) is divided into two sections by the wedge-shaped block (8), the left side section and the right side section of the wedge-shaped block (8) are combined with the left side section and the right side section in a T-shaped groove with positioning characteristics respectively, the left side section and the right side section of the connecting rod (6) are reliably connected together through the wedge-shaped block (8), the left side section can only move along the axis direction relative to the right side section, relative movement in other directions cannot occur, and the assembling stability and the working reliability of the connecting rod (6) are guaranteed. The wedge block (8) can only move along the direction of the actuating force of the actuating spring (26). When the left side section moves along the axial direction relative to the right side section, so that a gap is formed between the contact surfaces of the connecting rod (6) and the wedge block (8), the wedge block (8) is moved to the small end by actuating the spring (26) so as to compensate the gap. The compression contact surface between the wedge block (8) and the connecting rod (6) is self-locked, namely when acting force is applied along the axial direction of the connecting rod (6) to compress the wedge block (8), the wedge block (8) and the connecting rod (6) are relatively static. The outer surface of the bidirectional nut (5) is fixedly connected with the worm wheel (24), and the worm (25) which is matched with the worm wheel (24) to work is driven by the motor (10).
When the brake works, the motor (10) drives the worm (25) and the worm wheel (24) to rotate to drive the bidirectional nut (5) to rotate, the left-handed screw (7) and the right-handed screw (4) are limited by the connecting rod (6) and can only move along the axis direction of the bidirectional nut (5), at the moment, the left-handed screw (7) moves downwards, the right-handed screw (4) moves upwards, namely, the left-handed screw and the right-handed screw are simultaneously screwed into the bidirectional nut (5), move oppositely, the connecting rod (6) is driven to move, the brake caliper body (3) is pushed to move rightwards, the piston (14) moves leftwards, namely, the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) move towards opposite directions, the corresponding friction plates (15) are driven to be pressed to the brake disc (16) from two sides with the same force, and the efficient and reliable brake effect is realized. At this time, the seal ring (13) is elastically deformed to store elastic potential energy, and there is no relative movement between the contact surfaces of the seal ring (13) and the piston (14). When the brake is released, the motor (10) drives the worm gear mechanism to rotate reversely, the bidirectional nut (5) rotates reversely to drive the left-handed screw (7) to move upwards and the right-handed screw (4) to move downwards, namely, the left-handed screw and the right-handed screw move backwards, meanwhile, the elastic potential energy stored in the sealing ring (13) is released, the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) move relatively, and all elements recover to the initial position.
When the friction plate (15) is abraded and the thickness of the friction plate is reduced, and the brake works, the motor (10) drives the two-way nut (5) to rotate through the worm gear mechanism to push the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) to move relatively, when the elastic deformation of the sealing ring (13) reaches the maximum, the brake effect is poor due to abrasion of the friction plate (15), at the moment, the motor (10) drives the two-way nut (5) to continue to rotate, namely the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) continue to move relatively, therefore, the sealing ring (13) keeps the maximum elastic deformation, the piston (14) overcomes the friction force between the piston and the sealing ring (13), and is matched with the sealing ring (13) through a new contact surface, namely the displacement of the piston (14) relative to the brake caliper body (3) is larger than the maximum elastic deformation of the sealing ring (13). When the brake is released, the motor (10) drives the worm gear mechanism to rotate reversely, namely the bidirectional nut (5) rotates reversely, simultaneously, the elastic potential energy of the sealing ring (13) is released, so that the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) move relatively, at the moment, the sealing ring (13) and the piston (14) are positioned in a matched mode through a new contact surface, after the elastic potential energy of the sealing ring (13) is completely released, the positions of the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) are kept motionless, at the moment, the motor (10) drives the bidirectional nut (5) to continuously rotate reversely to restore to an initial position, the left-handed screw (7) and the right-handed screw (4) also continue to move backwards, the part, hinged to the connecting rod (6), is driven to continue to move, the part, hinged to the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3), of the connecting rod (6) is fixed together with the piston (14) and the part, so that the distance between the left section and the right section of the connecting rod (6) is increased, a gap is formed between the contact surfaces of the connecting rod (6) and the wedge block (8), and the wedge block (8) moves to the small end by actuating the spring (26) to compensate the gap, so that the length of the connecting rod (6) is increased. At the moment, the return displacement of the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) is still the maximum elastic deformation of the sealing ring (13), so that the brake clearance is kept to be the same as that before abrasion, and the automatic adjustment of the brake clearance is realized.
Along with the wearing and tearing of friction disc (15), piston (14) are close to brake disc (16) gradually, drive the one end of connecting rod (6) and are close to brake disc (16) together along with it, and because when removing the braking motor (10) drive two-way nut (5) reverse rotation through worm gear mechanism, resume initial position, levogyration screw rod (7) and dextrorotation screw rod (4) also drive the part that connecting rod (6) articulate on it and continue to move and resume initial position, that is to say, the tie point of connecting rod (6) and levogyration screw rod (7), the tie point of connecting rod (6) and dextrorotation screw rod (4) are got back to initial operating position all the time after removing the braking.
When the transmission reverse efficiency of the worm (25) and the worm wheel (24) is zero, the motor (10) can drive the friction plate (15) to press the brake disc (16), and after the parking brake requirement is met, the parking brake under the condition that the motor (10) is powered off is realized by using the self-locking function of the worm and gear mechanism. When the reverse efficiency among the bidirectional nut (5), the left-handed screw (7) and the right-handed screw (4) is zero, the parking brake can be realized by directly utilizing the characteristic that the reverse efficiency of the nut-screw transmission pair is zero.
Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 2.
The embodiment of fig. 2 differs from the embodiment of fig. 1 mainly as follows:
the transmission mechanisms are different, a worm gear mechanism is adopted for transmission in the attached drawing 1, and a worm wheel (24) is a terminal element of the transmission mechanism and is connected with a bidirectional nut (5); in the attached figure 2, a gear mechanism is adopted for transmission, and a driven gear (20) is a terminal element of the transmission mechanism and is connected with a bidirectional nut (5).
Different friction limiting devices are adopted, a sealing ring (13) is adopted in the drawing 1 to realize the friction limiting function, and elastic potential energy is stored by utilizing the elastic deformation of the sealing ring (13); in the attached figure 2, a spring (18) and a snap ring (17) are adopted to realize the friction limiting function, and the spring (18) is utilized to generate elastic deformation to store elastic potential energy.
The connecting rods are connected in different modes, the connecting rod (6) and the left-handed screw (7)/the right-handed screw (4)/the piston (14)/the brake caliper body (3) in the attached drawing 2 are in elastic connection, and the requirements of relative movement of all parts are met through elastic deformation of the connecting parts in the braking working process and the braking releasing process. In the first embodiment of fig. 1, the hinge connection is adopted, and the working requirements of the system are met through hinge motion. In fig. 2, there are a plurality of connection points between the connecting rod (6) and the piston (14)/the caliper body (3), and in fig. 1, there is only one connection point between the connecting rod (6) and the piston (14)/the caliper body (3) in the longitudinal direction.
The parking braking function is realized in different modes, in the attached figure 1, the parking braking under the condition that the motor (10) is powered off can be directly realized by utilizing the reverse efficiency of the worm gear mechanism as zero; in the attached figure 2, the parking braking mode is shown, wherein the motor shaft (11) is released when the electromagnetic brake (12) is electrified, and the motor shaft (11) is locked when the motor (10) is powered off, and the parking braking mode is also shown, wherein the electromagnetic coil (22) is electrified, the locking pin (23) is acted by electromagnetic force to compress the return spring (21), so that the locking pin (23) is not in contact with the locking wheel (9), and the braking or releasing of the brake is not influenced; when parking braking is needed, the motor (10) drives the friction plate (15) to press the brake disc (16) to meet the parking braking requirement, then the electromagnetic coil (22) is powered off, the locking pin (23) is inserted into the teeth of the locking wheel (9) under the elastic force action of the return spring (21), the parking braking effect is kept, and the parking braking function under the condition that the motor (10) is powered off can be achieved.
The positioning characteristics are different, the positioning characteristics of the wedge-shaped block (8) in the attached drawing 1 adopt a T-shaped groove, and the positioning characteristics of the wedge-shaped block (8) in the attached drawing 2 adopt a positioning sliding sleeve (27). The locating sliding sleeve (27) is coated on the outer surface of the connecting rod (6), and is connected with the left side section and the right side section which are separated by the wedge-shaped block (8), so that the overall rigidity of the connecting rod (6) is kept, and meanwhile, the left side section/right side section of the connecting rod (6) can slide in the locating sliding sleeve (27) along the axis direction, so that the working requirement of the system is met, and the assembly stability and the working reliability of the connecting rod (6) are ensured.
As shown in fig. 2, a brake disc (16) is arranged in a caliper opening of a brake caliper body (3), friction plates (15) are arranged on two sides of the brake disc (16), one is arranged on the brake caliper body (3) and the other is arranged on a piston (14), the piston (14) is arranged on the brake caliper body (3) through a snap ring (17), the snap ring (17) is pushed to one side far away from the brake disc (16) by a spring (18), and the spring (18) is arranged on the brake caliper body (3). The contact surfaces of the snap ring (17) and the piston (14) have large friction force, and when the displacement of the piston (14) is within the elastic deformation range of the spring (18), the contact surfaces of the snap ring (17) and the piston (14) do not move relatively. The opposite side of piston (14) has two-way nut (5), left-handed screw (7) are installed to the left-handed screw part on it, right-handed screw (4) are installed to the right-handed screw part, left-handed screw (7) and piston (14) are connected in connecting rod (6), right-handed screw (4) and piston (14), left-handed screw (7) and brake caliper body (3), right-handed screw (4) and brake caliper body (3), these several connecting rod (6) symmetry sets up, the outer fixed surface of two-way nut (5) connects driven gear (20), driven gear (20) and driving gear (19) meshing, driving gear (19) fixed mounting is on motor shaft (11). The wedge adjusting mechanism is installed in the connecting rod (6), the wedge block (8) and the actuating spring (26) are arranged, the connecting rod (6) is divided into two sections by the wedge block (8), the left side section and the right side section of the wedge block (8) are combined by the wedge block (8) through the positioning characteristic-positioning sliding sleeve (27), the left side section and the right side section of the connecting rod (6) are reliably connected together through the wedge block (8), and the assembling stability and the working reliability of the connecting rod (6) are guaranteed. The wedge block (8) can only move along the direction of the actuating force of the actuating spring (26).
When the brake works, the motor (10) drives the driving gear (19) to rotate to drive the driven gear (20) to rotate, namely, the two-way nut (5) is driven to rotate, the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) are pushed to move in opposite directions, the corresponding friction plates (15) are driven to press the brake disc (16) from two sides with the same force, and the efficient and reliable brake effect is realized. At this time, the snap ring (17) and the piston (14) move together, the spring (18) is compressed, the spring (18) is elastically deformed, elastic potential energy is stored, and no relative movement exists between the contact surfaces of the snap ring (17) and the piston (14). When the brake is released, the motor (10) drives the bidirectional nut (5) to rotate reversely, and simultaneously, the elastic potential energy stored by the spring (18) is released, so that the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) move relatively, and all elements recover to the initial position.
When the friction plate (15) is abraded and the thickness is reduced, and braking works, the motor (10) drives the two-way nut (5) to rotate through the gear mechanism to push the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) to move relatively, the elastic deformation of the spring (18) is maximum, when the snap ring (17) is close to the left side step surface, the braking effect is poor due to abrasion of the friction plate (15), at the moment, the motor (10) drives the two-way nut (5) to continue to rotate, namely, the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) continue to move relatively, therefore, the spring (18) keeps the maximum elastic deformation, the piston (14) overcomes the friction force between the piston and the snap ring (17), and a new contact surface is matched with the snap ring (17). When the brake is released, the motor (10) drives the gear mechanism to rotate reversely, the elastic potential energy of the spring (18) is released, the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) move relatively, at the moment, the snap ring (17) and the piston (14) are positioned in a matched mode through a new contact surface, the wedge block (8) is moved to the small end through the actuating spring (26) in the wedge adjusting mechanism, the length of the connecting rod (6) is increased to compensate size change caused by abrasion of the friction plate (15), the return displacement amount of the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) is still the maximum elastic deformation amount of the spring (18), therefore, the brake clearance is kept to be the same as that before abrasion, and automatic adjustment of the brake clearance is achieved.
When parking braking is needed, the motor (10) drives the friction plate (15) to press the brake disc (16) to meet the parking braking requirement, then the electromagnetic brake (12) is powered off, the motor shaft (11) is locked, the braking efficiency is kept unchanged, and the parking braking function under the condition that the motor (10) is powered off can be achieved at the moment. When the electromagnetic brake (12) is electrified, the motor shaft (11) is released, and the braking torque can be freely controlled by the motor (10). Or an electric control mechanical braking device is adopted, a locking wheel (9) is installed on a motor shaft (11), when the motor shaft is electrified, an electromagnetic coil (22) enables a locking pin (23) to return, and when the motor shaft is powered off, the locking pin (23) is inserted into teeth of the locking wheel (9), so that the parking braking function under the condition that the motor (10) is powered off is realized. Or the parking brake is realized by utilizing the characteristic that the reverse efficiency of the nut-screw transmission pair is zero.
In this embodiment, the electromechanical brake device can also act directly on the driving gear (19) or the driven gear (20), and a similar parking brake effect can be obtained.
In the third embodiment shown in fig. 3, the bidirectional nut (5) is mounted on the caliper body (3) and can only rotate along the direction of its own axis. The left-handed screw (7) and the right-handed screw (4) are arranged on the bidirectional nut (5), one end of the connecting rod (6) is arranged on the left-handed screw (7)/the right-handed screw (4), and the other end of the connecting rod is in contact with the piston (14) and can move on the surface of the piston (14). The connecting rod (6) connected with the left-handed screw (7) is hinged with the connecting rod (6) connected with the right-handed screw (4) at the position of the rod body. The wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism arranged in the connecting rod (6) adopts a wedge-shaped block (8), one end of the actuating spring (26) is connected with the small end of the wedge-shaped block (8), and the other end of the actuating spring is fixed on the connecting rod (6). The positioning characteristic between the wedge block (8) and the connecting rod (6) is a dovetail groove, and in addition, the shape of the wedge block (8) is different. When the brake works, the motor (10) drives the two-way nut (5) to rotate through the worm gear mechanism, the left-handed screw (7) and the right-handed screw (4) move oppositely at the moment, so that the contact point of the connecting rod (6) on the piston (14) also moves oppositely, the piston (14) is pushed to move leftwards, the two-way nut (5) and the brake caliper body (3) are simultaneously pushed to move rightwards together, and the corresponding friction plates (15) are driven to press the brake disc (16) from two sides with the same force, so that a high-efficiency and reliable brake effect is realized. The brake release operation, the parking brake operation, and the brake clearance adjustment operation are similar to those of the first and second embodiments, and are not described again here.
The transmission mechanism can adopt other transmission modes such as chain transmission, belt transmission, lever transmission, inhaul cable transmission, direct transmission, planetary gear transmission and the like besides a fixed shaft gear mechanism and a worm gear mechanism, the friction limiting device can also adopt other structures to realize similar functions besides a sealing ring and a spring/snap ring, the locking mechanism can also act a locking pin on other gears or a special locking ratchet wheel integrated with the gears, or a ratchet wheel and pawl mechanism is installed on a motor shaft to realize a locking function, the number of the wedge blocks in the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism can be three or more, the shapes of the wedge blocks can be changed, and the positioning characteristics of the wedge blocks can adopt other structural forms such as bosses, flat keys and the like besides T-shaped grooves, dovetail grooves and positioning sliding sleeves so as to enhance the assembly stability and the working reliability. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive labor based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention has been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover various modifications, adaptations or uses of the invention, and all such modifications and changes are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An electronic mechanical line control brake with more stable transmission characteristics comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a bidirectional nut, a left-handed screw, a right-handed screw, a connecting rod, a wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism, a piston, a friction limiting device, a brake caliper body, a brake disc and a friction plate; the friction plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the brake disc, one friction plate is arranged on the piston, and the other friction plate is arranged on the brake caliper body; the piston is arranged on the brake caliper body through the friction limiting device; one part of the friction limiting device is fixedly arranged on the brake caliper body, and the other part of the friction limiting device has larger friction force with the outer surface of the piston; the motor is connected with an input element of the transmission mechanism; the terminal element of the transmission mechanism is connected with the bidirectional nut, and the bidirectional nut comprises a left-handed thread part and a right-handed thread part which are respectively matched with the left-handed screw and the right-handed screw; the left-handed screw and the piston, the right-handed screw and the piston, the left-handed screw and the brake caliper body and the right-handed screw and the brake caliper body are connected by the connecting rod; the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism is arranged in the connecting rod and comprises a wedge block and an actuating element, and when the wedge block moves under the action of the actuating element, the length of the connecting rod can be changed; the left-handed screw and the right-handed screw are simultaneously screwed in and move in opposite directions to drive the connecting rod to move, the connecting rod drives the brake caliper body and the piston to move in opposite directions to drive the friction plate to press the brake disc from two sides;
the wedge block divides the connecting rod into a left section and a right section, and the joint of the wedge block and the connecting rod has a positioning characteristic, so that the left section and the right section of the connecting rod are reliably connected together through the wedge block, the left section can only move along the axial line direction relative to the right section, and relative movement in other directions can not occur, the wedge block can only move along the actuating force direction of the actuating element on the connecting rod, and movement or rotation in other directions can not be realized, so that the assembly stability and the working reliability are improved;
the positioning features comprise curved surface features arranged on the joint surface of the wedge-shaped block and the left section or the right section of the connecting rod, and grooves and bosses which are matched with each other are respectively processed on the joint surfaces of the wedge-shaped block and the connecting rod, so that the wedge-shaped block is tightly arranged on the connecting rod and can only move along the joint surface and cannot move along the axis direction of the connecting rod or other directions, and the groove form comprises a T-shaped groove or a dovetail groove; the positioning feature further comprises a connecting feature which is arranged at the position where the connecting rod is installed on the wedge-shaped block and directly connects the left section and the right section of the connecting rod, the connecting rods at two sides of the wedge-shaped block are directly connected through rigid elements, and the connecting rod can only move along the axis of the other connecting rod relative to the other connecting rod and cannot move in other directions;
when the brake is performed, the motor drives the bidirectional nut to rotate through the transmission mechanism, the left-handed screw and the right-handed screw are driven to simultaneously screw in through the bidirectional nut screw transmission mechanism to drive the connecting rod to move, the connecting rod drives the piston and the brake caliper body to respectively move in opposite directions, so that the friction plates are tightly pressed on two sides of the brake disc to obtain a high-efficiency and reliable brake effect, at the moment, the piston and the brake caliper body are relatively displaced, and elastic potential energy is generated in the friction limiting device; when the brake is released, the motor drives the bidirectional nut to move reversely through the transmission mechanism, and simultaneously, under the action of elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device, the piston and the brake caliper body move relatively to restore to the initial position, at the moment, the left-handed screw and the right-handed screw are simultaneously screwed out, and the connecting rod and the bidirectional nut screw transmission mechanism correspondingly move to restore to the initial position;
when the friction plate is worn and thinned, and the brake works, the motor drives the bidirectional nut to rotate through the transmission mechanism, so that the piston and the brake caliper body move relatively, the elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device reaches the maximum, the brake effect is poor due to the thinning of the friction plate, the motor continues to work at the moment, the bidirectional nut is driven to continue to rotate, the friction force between the outer surface of the piston and the friction limiting device is overcome, the piston and the brake caliper body continue to move relatively, and the brake disc is pressed tightly, so that the reliable and efficient brake effect is obtained; when the brake is released, the motor drives the bidirectional nut to move reversely through the transmission mechanism, meanwhile, the piston and the brake caliper body move relatively under the action of elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device, at the moment, the piston and the friction limiting device are relatively fixed at a new contact position, therefore, when the piston and the brake caliper body return and move less than the displacement in the brake working process when the brake is released, and the motor drives the bidirectional nut screw transmission mechanism to move reversely to restore to the initial working position, the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism arranged in the connecting rod works, the actuating element drives the wedge block to move, so that the length of the connecting rod is changed, the size requirement of the friction plate after being abraded is met, and the automatic adjustment of the brake clearance is realized;
along with the wearing and tearing of friction disc, the piston be close to the brake disc gradually, the tie point of connecting rod with the left-handed screw rod, the tie point of connecting rod with the dextrorotation screw rod returns to initial operating position all the time when removing the braking.
2. The electromechanical brake-by-wire of claim 1, further comprising a recirculating ball structure between said two-way nut and said left-hand and right-hand screws for reducing frictional resistance and improving system operation efficiency.
3. An electromechanical brake-by-wire with more stable transmission characteristics according to claim 1, wherein said wedge is self-locking mounted in said connecting rod, i.e. the wedge is not movable relative to said connecting rod by a pressing force in the axial direction of said connecting rod.
4. The electromechanical brake-by-wire having more stable transmission characteristics of claim 1, wherein said connecting rods are of the same size and are symmetrically disposed.
5. The electromechanical brake-by-wire having more stable transmission characteristics according to claim 1 or claim 4, wherein the connection between said connecting rod and said left-handed screw/right-handed screw/piston/caliper body can satisfy the position change between the parts of the brake during operation by the relative movement between said connecting rod and said left-handed screw/right-handed screw/piston/caliper body, and can also satisfy the position change between the parts of the brake during operation by the elastic deformation of the connection between said connecting rod and said left-handed screw/right-handed screw/piston/caliper body.
6. The electronic mechanical brake-by-wire with more stable transmission characteristics according to claim 1, wherein when there is no transmission link with zero reverse efficiency in the transmission mechanism or the nut-screw transmission pair, a locking mechanism is used to implement parking brake under the condition of power failure of the motor, and the locking mechanism is an electromagnetic brake or an electrically controlled mechanical brake device, which can fix a transmission element in a transmission link when the power is turned on or off, and maintain the pressure between the friction plate and the brake disc, thereby implementing the parking brake function; when the transmission mechanism or the nut screw transmission pair is provided with a transmission link with the reverse efficiency of zero, the parking brake can be realized by using the locking mechanism, and the parking brake under the condition of motor power failure can also be realized by using the condition that the reverse efficiency is zero and the power and the motion can not be reversely transmitted.
7. The electromechanical brake-by-wire having more stable transmission characteristics according to claim 1, further comprising said two-way nut being mounted on said caliper body, said connecting rod being provided only between said left-handed screw and said piston, and between said right-handed screw and said piston; or the bidirectional nut is arranged on the piston, and the connecting rod is arranged between the left-handed screw and the brake caliper body and between the right-handed screw and the brake caliper body.
8. The electromechanical brake-by-wire of claim 1 or claim 7, further comprising a contact point between said connecting rod and said piston, said contact point being movable on said piston surface; or the contact point between the connecting rod and the caliper body can be moved on the caliper body surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210340202.5A CN114658772A (en) | 2018-01-03 | 2018-01-03 | Electronic mechanical line control brake with more stable transmission characteristic |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810024791.XA CN108204416A (en) | 2018-01-03 | 2018-01-03 | A kind of electric mechanical brake-by-wire device |
| CN202210340202.5A CN114658772A (en) | 2018-01-03 | 2018-01-03 | Electronic mechanical line control brake with more stable transmission characteristic |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810024791.XA Division CN108204416A (en) | 2018-01-03 | 2018-01-03 | A kind of electric mechanical brake-by-wire device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114658772A true CN114658772A (en) | 2022-06-24 |
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Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210340202.5A Withdrawn CN114658772A (en) | 2018-01-03 | 2018-01-03 | Electronic mechanical line control brake with more stable transmission characteristic |
| CN201810024791.XA Pending CN108204416A (en) | 2018-01-03 | 2018-01-03 | A kind of electric mechanical brake-by-wire device |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810024791.XA Pending CN108204416A (en) | 2018-01-03 | 2018-01-03 | A kind of electric mechanical brake-by-wire device |
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| CN (2) | CN114658772A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110454522B (en) * | 2019-07-27 | 2021-01-15 | 浙江师范大学 | Self-energizing wire control actuator |
| CN112594306A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-02 | 万向钱潮（上海）汽车系统有限公司 | Nut type electronic mechanical brake assembly |
| CN115257675B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2024-04-12 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Electromechanical braking structure, braking system, automobile and design method |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1625755C3 (en) * | 1967-12-02 | 1979-11-15 | Knorr-Bremse Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen | Automatic readjusting device for a floating-caliper partially lined disc brake, in particular for rail vehicles |
| JPS58170928A (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1983-10-07 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Disc brake |
| KR101307802B1 (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2013-09-12 | 주식회사 만도 | Electric disc brake |
| KR101271509B1 (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2013-06-05 | 주식회사 만도 | Electro Mechanical Brake |
| CN103538281B (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2016-03-02 | 宁波大学 | A kind of adjusting device of press connecting rod length |
| CN107448514B (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2019-09-20 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of electric mechanical brake-by-wire device |
| CN107477110B (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2019-06-07 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of electric mechanical brake-by-wire device |
| CN107448520B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-03-22 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of electric mechanical brake-by-wire device |
-
2018
- 2018-01-03 CN CN202210340202.5A patent/CN114658772A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-01-03 CN CN201810024791.XA patent/CN108204416A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20220624 |