CN108591306B - Electronic mechanical brake-by-wire - Google Patents

Electronic mechanical brake-by-wire Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108591306B
CN108591306B CN201711500609.5A CN201711500609A CN108591306B CN 108591306 B CN108591306 B CN 108591306B CN 201711500609 A CN201711500609 A CN 201711500609A CN 108591306 B CN108591306 B CN 108591306B
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China
Prior art keywords
brake
connecting rod
piston
caliper body
move
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CN201711500609.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108591306A (en
Inventor
董颖
常占辉
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Zhejiang Normal University CJNU
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Zhejiang Normal University CJNU
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/38—Slack adjusters
    • F16D65/40—Slack adjusters mechanical
    • F16D65/52—Slack adjusters mechanical self-acting in one direction for adjusting excessive play
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/38—Slack adjusters
    • F16D2065/386—Slack adjusters driven electrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/14—Mechanical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
    • F16D2125/22—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting transversely to the axis of rotation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electronic mechanical wire control brake, which comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a connecting rod with a wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism, a rotating rod, a piston, a friction limiting device and the like. The motor drives the rotating rod to move through the transmission mechanism, the connecting rod with the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism is driven to move through the rotating rod, the driving piston and the brake caliper body move in opposite directions, the friction plates are pressed tightly from two sides of the brake disc with the same force, and the efficient braking effect is achieved. The invention has simple structure, reliable work and high braking efficiency, can automatically adjust the braking clearance, compensate the influence caused by the abrasion of the friction plate, simplify the design of a control system and can be used for service braking and parking braking.

Description

Electronic mechanical brake-by-wire
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of brakes, in particular to a wire-controlled mechanical brake which can replace the existing floating caliper disc type hydraulic brake, realize that friction plates clamp a brake disc from two sides with the same pressure in an electric control mechanical mode, and simultaneously realize adjustable brake clearance and adjustable brake strength, in particular to an electronic mechanical wire-controlled brake.
Background
The brake-by-wire technology is a novel brake technology appearing in recent years, a control system receives information of a sensor to control a motor to work without depending on mechanical or hydraulic connection between a brake and a brake pedal, and stable and reliable brake control of an automobile is realized. At present, there are two main types of electronic hydraulic brake systems (EHB) and electronic mechanical brake systems (EMB). The brake-by-wire system is beneficial to optimizing the braking performance of the whole vehicle, and can be conveniently integrated with other electronic control systems such as ABS, ASR, ESP and the like, so that the system has wide development space.
The electronic hydraulic brake system (EHB) is formed by transforming the traditional hydraulic brake system, the braking process is quicker and more stable, the braking safety and the comfort of an automobile are improved, but the electronic hydraulic brake system does not have all the advantages of a complete brake-by-wire system because a hydraulic component is reserved, and is generally regarded as an advanced product of an electronic mechanical brake system (EMB).
An electronic mechanical brake system (EMB) drives a mechanical mechanism through a motor to realize a braking process, so that the structure of the brake system is greatly simplified, and the brake is easier to arrange, assemble and overhaul. However, the conventional electromechanical braking system often lacks a function of automatically adjusting the braking clearance at the brake part, so that the problem that the efficiency of a brake actuator is variable under the conditions of external environment change and friction plate abrasion of the brake is caused, and certain difficulty is brought to the control of the braking efficiency. Meanwhile, most brakes have the problems of complex structure, large installation size and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electromechanical brake-by-wire. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable work and the like, can realize the automatic adjustment of the brake clearance, and can convert the brake clamping force by detecting the displacement or the rotation angle of the friction plate driving mechanism, thereby correspondingly simplifying a control system.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
an electronic mechanical line control brake comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a rotating rod, a connecting rod, a wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism, a piston, a friction limiting device, a brake caliper body, a brake disc and a friction plate; the friction plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the brake disc, one friction plate is arranged on the piston, and the other friction plate is arranged on the brake caliper body; the piston is arranged on the brake caliper body through the friction limiting device; one part of the friction limiting device is fixedly arranged on the brake caliper body, and the other part of the friction limiting device has larger friction force with the outer surface of the piston; the motor is connected with an input element of the transmission mechanism; the terminal element of the transmission mechanism is connected with the rotating rod; the connecting rods are used for connecting the rotating rod and the piston and the rotating rod and the brake caliper body; the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism is arranged in the connecting rod and comprises a wedge block and an actuating element, and when the wedge block moves under the action of the actuating element, the length of the connecting rod can be changed; the terminal element of the transmission mechanism moves to drive the rotating rod to rotate, the moving directions of the two ends of the rotating rod are opposite to drive the connecting rod to move, the connecting rod drives the brake caliper body and the piston to move in opposite directions to drive the friction plate to press the brake disc from two sides;
when braking, the motor drives the rotating rod to rotate through the transmission mechanism to drive the connecting rod to move, the connecting rod drives the piston and the brake caliper body to move in opposite directions respectively, so that the friction plates are pressed on two sides of the brake disc to obtain a high-efficiency and reliable braking effect, at the moment, the piston and the brake caliper body are in relative displacement, and elastic potential energy is generated in the friction limiting device; when the brake is released, the motor drives the rotating rod to move reversely through the transmission mechanism, and simultaneously, under the action of elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device, the piston and the brake caliper body move relatively to restore the initial position, and at the moment, the connecting rod and the rotating rod also move correspondingly to restore the initial position;
when the friction plate is worn and thinned, and the brake works, the motor drives the rotating rod to rotate through the transmission mechanism, so that the piston and the brake caliper body move relatively, the elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device reaches the maximum, the brake effect is poor due to the thinning of the friction plate, the motor continues to work at the moment, the rotating rod is driven to continue to rotate, the friction force between the outer surface of the piston and the friction limiting device is overcome, the piston and the brake caliper body continue to move relatively, and the brake disc is pressed tightly, so that the reliable and efficient brake effect is obtained; when the brake is released, the motor drives the rotating rod to move reversely through the transmission mechanism, meanwhile, the piston and the brake caliper body move relatively under the action of elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device, at the moment, the piston and the friction limiting device are relatively fixed at a new contact position, therefore, the return displacement of the piston and the brake caliper body when the brake is released is smaller than the displacement in the brake working process, and the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism arranged in the connecting rod works when the motor drives the rotating rod to move reversely to return to the initial working position, the actuating element drives the wedge block to move, so that the length of the connecting rod is changed, so as to meet the size requirement of the abraded friction plate and realize the automatic adjustment of the braking clearance.
The brake caliper further comprises a roller structure arranged on a matching surface of the piston and the brake caliper body, so that friction resistance is reduced, and the working efficiency of the system is improved.
The wedge block is arranged in the connecting rod and can be self-locked, namely the wedge block cannot move relative to the connecting rod under the axial pressing force of the connecting rod.
The connecting rods have the same size and are symmetrically arranged.
The connection between the connecting rod and the rotary rod/piston/caliper body can satisfy the position change between the brake working components through the relative movement between the connecting rod and the rotary rod/piston/caliper body, and also can satisfy the position change between the brake working components through the elastic deformation of the connection between the connecting rod and the rotary rod/piston/caliper body.
The wedge will the connecting rod divide into left side section and right side section, the wedge with the junction of connecting rod have a location characteristic, make left side section and the right side section of connecting rod pass through the reliable connection of wedge together, the left side section for the right side section can only move along the axis direction, relative motion in other directions can't appear, the wedge be in the connecting rod on can only follow actuating element's actuating force direction motion, can't realize the removal or the rotation in other directions to improve assembly stability and operational reliability.
When no transmission link with zero reverse efficiency exists in the transmission mechanism, parking braking under the condition of power failure of the motor is realized by adopting a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism adopts an electromagnetic brake or an electric control mechanical braking device and can be disconnected when being powered on, a transmission element in a transmission link is fixed when the power failure occurs, the pressure between the friction plate and the brake disc is kept, and the parking braking function is realized; when the transmission mechanism is provided with a transmission link with the reverse efficiency of zero, the parking brake can be realized by using the locking mechanism, and the parking brake under the condition of motor power failure can also be realized by using the transmission link with the reverse efficiency of zero and incapable reverse transmission of power and motion.
The brake caliper further comprises a rotating rod (or a transmission element coaxial with the rotating rod) which is arranged on the brake caliper body, the connecting rod is arranged between the piston and the rotating rod, and when the brake caliper works, the rotating rod rotates around the axis of the rotating rod and moves along with the brake caliper body; or the rotating rod (or a transmission element coaxial with the rotating rod) is arranged on the piston, the connecting rod is only arranged between the caliper body and the rotating rod, and the rotating rod rotates around the axis of the rotating rod and simultaneously moves along with the piston during braking.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of an electromechanical brake-by-wire of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a second embodiment of the electromechanical brake-by-wire of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a locating feature of the present invention at the junction of a wedge and a connecting rod of an electromechanical brake-by-wire.
The description is marked in the drawings: 1-brake caliper body 2-rotary rod 3-worm wheel 4-driving gear 5-mandrel 6-connecting rod 7-worm 8-wedge block 9-locking wheel 10-motor 11-motor shaft 12-electromagnetic brake 13-sealing ring 14-piston 15-friction plate 16-brake disc 17-snap ring 18-spring 19-driven gear 20-electromagnetic coil 21-return spring 22-locking pin 23-actuating spring 24-positioning sliding sleeve
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in figure 1, the electronic mechanical brake-by-wire brake comprises a brake caliper body (1), a brake disc (16) is arranged in a jaw of the brake caliper body (1), friction plates (15) are arranged on two sides of the brake disc (16), one is arranged on the brake caliper body (1), the other is arranged on a piston (14), the piston (14) is arranged on the brake caliper body (1) through a sealing ring (13), a large friction force exists between contact surfaces of the sealing ring (13) and the piston (14), and when the displacement of the piston (14) is within an elastic deformation range of the sealing ring (13), relative movement does not exist between the contact surfaces of the sealing ring (13) and the piston (14). The other side of piston (14) has rotating rod (2), and connecting rod (6) hinged joint rotating rod (2)'s one end and piston (14) and the other end and the brake caliper body (1) of rotating rod (2), rotating rod (2) and dabber (5) fixed connection, dabber (5) and worm wheel (3) fixed connection, worm (7) with worm wheel (3) cooperation work are driven by motor (10). The wedge adjusting mechanism is installed in the connecting rod (6), the wedge block (8) and the actuating spring (23) are arranged, the connecting rod (6) is divided into two sections by the wedge block (8), the left side section and the right side section of the wedge block (8), the two sides of the wedge block (8) are combined with the left side section and the right side section in a T-shaped groove with positioning characteristics respectively, the left side section and the right side section of the connecting rod (6) are reliably connected together through the wedge block (8), the left side section can only move along the axis direction relative to the right side section, relative movement in other directions cannot occur, and the assembling stability and the working reliability of the connecting rod (6) are guaranteed. The wedge block (8) can only move along the direction of the actuating force of the actuating spring (23). When the left side section moves relative to the right side section along the axial direction, so that a gap is formed between the contact surfaces of the connecting rod (6) and the wedge block (8), the wedge block (8) is moved to the small end by the actuating spring (23) to compensate the gap. The pressed contact surface between the wedge block (8) and the connecting rod (6) is self-locked, namely when acting force is applied along the axial direction of the connecting rod (6) to press the wedge block (8), the wedge block (8) and the connecting rod (6) are relatively static.
When the brake works, the motor (10) drives the worm (7) and the worm wheel (3) to rotate, the rotary rod (2) is driven to rotate, two ends of the rotary rod (2) move towards opposite directions respectively, the connecting rod (6) is driven to move, the brake caliper body (1) is pushed to move rightwards, the piston (14) moves leftwards, namely the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (1) move towards opposite directions, the corresponding friction plates (15) are driven to press the brake disc (16) from two sides with the same force, and the efficient and reliable brake effect is realized. At this time, the seal ring (13) is elastically deformed to store elastic potential energy, and there is no relative movement between the contact surfaces of the seal ring (13) and the piston (14). When the brake is released, the motor (10) drives the worm gear mechanism to rotate reversely, the rotating rod (2) and the connecting rod (6) are driven to move reversely together, the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (1) move relatively, the elastic potential energy stored in the sealing ring (13) is released, and all elements recover to the initial positions.
When the friction plate (15) is abraded and the thickness of the friction plate is reduced, and the brake works, the motor (10) drives the rotating rod (2) to rotate through the worm gear mechanism to push the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (1) to move relatively, when the elastic deformation of the sealing ring (13) reaches the maximum, the brake effect is poor due to the abrasion of the friction plate (15), at the moment, the motor (10) continues to drive the rotating rod (2) to rotate, namely the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (1) continue to move relatively, therefore, the sealing ring (13) keeps the maximum elastic deformation, the piston (14) overcomes the friction force between the piston and the sealing ring (13), and is matched with the sealing ring (13) through a new contact surface, namely the displacement of the piston (14) relative to the brake caliper body (1) is larger than the maximum elastic deformation of the sealing ring (13). When the brake is released, the motor (10) drives the worm and gear mechanism to rotate reversely to drive the rotating rod (2) to rotate reversely, the elastic potential energy of the sealing ring (13) is released to enable the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (1) to move relatively, at the moment, the sealing ring (13) and the piston (14) are positioned in a matched mode through a new contact surface, after the elastic potential energy of the sealing ring (13) is completely released, the positions of the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (1) are kept motionless, at the moment, the motor (10) drives the worm and gear mechanism to continue rotating to return to an initial position, the rotating rod (2) also continues to rotate reversely to drive the part of the connecting rod (6) hinged on the rotating rod (2) to continue moving, the part of the connecting rod (6) hinged on the brake caliper body (1) is fixed together with the brake caliper body (1), and therefore, the distance between the left side section and, a gap is formed between the contact surfaces of the connecting rod (6) and the wedge block (8), and the wedge block (8) is moved to the small end by the actuating spring (23) to compensate the gap, so that the length of the connecting rod (6) is increased. At the moment, the return displacement of the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (1) is still the maximum elastic deformation of the sealing ring (13), so that the brake clearance is kept to be the same as that before abrasion, and the automatic adjustment of the brake clearance is realized.
When parking braking is needed, the motor (10) drives the friction plate (15) to press the brake disc (16) to meet the requirement of parking braking, and parking braking under the condition that the motor (10) is powered off is realized by using a worm and gear transmission mechanism with zero reverse efficiency. Or the parking brake function is realized by using a locking mechanism.
Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 2.
The embodiment of fig. 2 differs from the embodiment of fig. 1 mainly as follows:
the transmission mechanisms are different, a worm gear mechanism is adopted for transmission in the attached drawing 1, a mandrel (5) fixedly connected with a worm wheel (3) is a terminal element of the transmission mechanism and is fixedly connected with a rotating rod (2); in the attached figure 2, a gear mechanism is adopted for transmission, and a mandrel (5) fixedly connected with a driven gear (19) is a terminal element of the transmission mechanism and is fixedly connected with a rotating rod (2).
Different friction limiting devices are adopted, a sealing ring (13) is adopted in the drawing 1 to realize the friction limiting function, and elastic potential energy is stored by utilizing the elastic deformation of the sealing ring (13); in the attached figure 2, a spring (18) and a snap ring (17) are adopted to realize the friction limiting function, and the spring (18) is utilized to generate elastic deformation to store elastic potential energy.
The parking braking function is realized in different modes, in the attached figure 1, when a worm gear mechanism with zero reverse efficiency is adopted, the parking braking function can be realized by directly utilizing the worm gear mechanism, and also can be realized by utilizing a locking mechanism, namely the electromagnetic brake, the electric control mechanical braking device and the like; in the attached figure 2, the parking braking mode is shown, wherein the motor shaft (11) is released when the electromagnetic brake (12) is electrified, and the motor shaft (11) is locked when the motor (10) is powered off, and the parking braking mode is also shown, wherein the electromagnetic coil (20) is electrified, the locking pin (22) is under the action of electromagnetic force, and the return spring (21) is compressed, so that the locking pin (22) is not in contact with the locking wheel (9), and the braking or the releasing of the brake is not influenced; when parking braking is needed, the motor (10) drives the friction plate (15) to press the brake disc (16) to meet the parking braking requirement, then the electromagnetic coil (20) is powered off, the locking pin (22) is inserted into the teeth of the locking wheel (9) under the elastic force action of the return spring (21), the parking braking effect is kept, and the parking braking function under the condition that the motor (10) is powered off can be achieved.
The connecting rods are connected in different modes, the connecting rod (6) and the rotating rod (2)/the piston (14)/the brake caliper body (1) in the attached drawing 1 are connected in a hinge mode, and the working requirements of the system are met through hinge motion. In the embodiment of figure 2, the connecting rod (6) is connected with the rotating rod (2) in a hinge mode, the connecting rod is connected with the piston (14) in an elastic mode, and the requirement of relative movement of all parts is met through elastic deformation of the connecting part in the braking working process and the braking releasing process.
The structure and the movement characteristics are different, in the attached drawing 1, a connecting rod (6) is connected with one end of a rotating rod (2) and a piston (14), the other end of the rotating rod (2) and a brake caliper body (1), and the installation positioning and the movement state of the rotating rod (2) are relatively independent from the brake caliper body (1) and do not influence each other; in the attached drawing 2, the connecting rod (6) is only connected with one end of the rotating rod (2) and the piston (14), the rotating rod (2) is fixedly connected with the mandrel (5), the mandrel (5) is installed on the brake caliper body (1), and in the working process, the rotating rod (2) moves together with the brake caliper body (1) besides moving around the axis of the rotating rod.
The positioning characteristics are different, the positioning characteristics of the wedge-shaped block (8) in the attached drawing 1 adopt a T-shaped groove, and the positioning characteristics of the wedge-shaped block (8) in the attached drawing 2 adopt a dovetail groove.
The wedge-shaped adjusting mechanisms are different, the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism in the attached figure 1 adopts two wedge blocks (8) which are symmetrically arranged in a connecting rod (6), and an actuating spring (23) is arranged between the wedge blocks (8); in the attached figure 2, the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism adopts a wedge-shaped block (8), one end of an actuating spring (23) is connected with the small end of the wedge-shaped block (8), and the other end of the actuating spring is fixed on a connecting rod (6). In addition, the shape of the wedge block (8) is also different.
As shown in figure 2, a brake disc (16) is arranged in a jaw of a brake caliper body (1), friction plates (15) are arranged on two sides of the brake disc (16), one is arranged on the brake caliper body (1) and the other is arranged on a piston (14), the piston (14) is arranged on the brake caliper body (1) through a snap ring (17), the snap ring (17) is pushed to one side far away from the brake disc (16) by a spring (18), and the spring (18) is arranged on the brake caliper body (1). The contact surfaces of the snap ring (17) and the piston (14) have large friction force, and when the displacement of the piston (14) is within the elastic deformation range of the spring (18), the contact surfaces of the snap ring (17) and the piston (14) do not move relatively. The other side of piston (14) has rotating rod (2), the one end and piston (14) of rotating rod (2) are connected in connecting rod (6), rotating rod (2) fixed mounting is on dabber (5), dabber (5) are installed on the brake caliper body (1), can only rotate around self axis, dabber (5) and driven gear (19) fixed connection, driven gear (19) and driving gear (4) meshing, driving gear (4) fixed mounting is on motor shaft (11). The wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism, the wedge block (8) and the actuating spring (23) are installed in the connecting rod (6), the connecting rod (6) is divided into two sections by the wedge block (8), the left side section and the right side section of the wedge block (8), and the two sides of the wedge block (8) are respectively combined with the left side section and the right side section through a positioning characteristic-dovetail groove, so that the left side section and the right side section of the connecting rod (6) are reliably connected together through the wedge block (8), and the assembling stability and the working reliability of the connecting rod (6) are guaranteed. The wedge block (8) can only move along the direction of the actuating force of the actuating spring (23).
When the brake works, the motor (10) drives the driving gear (4) to rotate to drive the driven gear (19) to rotate, namely the mandrel (5) rotates to drive the rotary rod (2) to rotate, the connecting rod (6) is driven to push the piston (14) to move leftwards, and meanwhile, the rotary rod (2), the mandrel (5) and the brake caliper body (1) move rightwards together to drive the corresponding friction plates (15) to press the brake disc (16) from two sides with the same force, so that the efficient and reliable brake effect is realized. At this time, the snap ring (17) and the piston (14) move together, the spring (18) is compressed, the spring (18) is elastically deformed, elastic potential energy is stored, and no relative movement exists between the contact surfaces of the snap ring (17) and the piston (14). When the brake is released, the motor (10) drives the driven gear (19) to rotate reversely, the mandrel (5) and the rotating rod (2) also move reversely, so that the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (1) move relatively, the elastic potential energy stored in the spring (18) is released, and all elements recover to the initial positions.
When the friction plate (15) is abraded and the thickness of the friction plate becomes thinner, and the brake works, the motor (10) drives the rotating rod (2) to rotate through the gear mechanism to push the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (1) to move relatively, the elastic deformation of the spring (18) is maximum, when the snap ring (17) is close to the left side step surface, the brake effect is poor due to abrasion of the friction plate (15), at the moment, the motor (10) drives the rotating rod (2) to continue to rotate, namely, the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (1) continue to move relatively, therefore, the spring (18) keeps the maximum elastic deformation, and the piston (14) overcomes the friction force between the piston and the snap ring (17) to be matched with the snap ring (17) through a new contact surface. When the brake is released, the motor (10) drives the gear mechanism to rotate reversely to drive the rotating rod (2) to rotate reversely, the elastic potential energy of the spring (18) is released to enable the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (1) to move relatively, at the moment, the snap ring (17) and the piston (14) are positioned in a matched mode through a new contact surface, the wedge block (8) is moved towards the small end through the actuating spring (23) in the wedge adjusting mechanism, the length of the connecting rod (6) is increased to compensate size change caused by abrasion of the friction plate (15), the return displacement amount of the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (1) is still the maximum elastic deformation amount of the spring (18), therefore, the brake clearance is kept to be the same as that before abrasion, and automatic adjustment of the brake clearance is achieved.
When parking braking is needed, the motor (10) drives the friction plate (15) to press the brake disc (16) to meet the parking braking requirement, then the electromagnetic brake (12) is powered off, the motor shaft (11) is locked, the braking efficiency is kept unchanged, and the parking braking function under the condition that the motor (10) is powered off can be achieved at the moment. When the electromagnetic brake (12) is electrified, the motor shaft (11) is released, and the braking torque can be freely controlled by the motor (10). Or an electric control mechanical braking device is adopted, a locking wheel (9) is installed on a motor shaft (11), when the motor shaft is electrified, an electromagnetic coil (20) enables a locking pin (22) to return, and when the motor shaft is powered off, the locking pin (22) is inserted into teeth of the locking wheel (9), so that the parking braking function under the condition that the motor (10) is powered off is realized.
In this embodiment, the electromechanical brake device can also act directly on the driving gear (4) or the driven gear (19), and a similar parking brake effect can be obtained.
In the embodiment of fig. 2, the spindle (5) is a transmission element coaxial with the rotating rod (2) and is mounted on the caliper body (1), or the rotating rod (2) is mounted on the caliper body (1), but it is also possible to mount the rotating rod (2) on the piston (14), and these structures belong to the specific embodiment disclosed in claim 7.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a locating feature. The positioning features in figure 1 are T-shaped grooves, the positioning features in figure 2 are dovetail grooves, and the positioning features are on the combination surfaces of the wedge-shaped blocks (8) and the connecting rods (6). The location characteristic in figure 3 is location sliding sleeve (24), and the cladding is at the surface of connecting rod (6), connects left side section and right side section by wedge (8) divided, keeps the whole rigidity of connecting rod (6), and simultaneously, the left side section and the right side section of connecting rod (6) can slide along the axis direction in location sliding sleeve (24), satisfy the operational requirement of system, guarantee the assembly stability and the operational reliability of connecting rod (6).
The transmission mechanism can adopt other transmission modes such as direct transmission, chain transmission, belt transmission, lever transmission, inhaul cable transmission, planetary gear transmission and the like besides a fixed shaft gear mechanism and a worm gear mechanism, the friction limiting device can also adopt other structures to realize similar functions besides a sealing ring and a spring/snap ring, the locking mechanism can also act a locking pin on other gears or a special locking ratchet wheel integrated with the gears, or a ratchet wheel and pawl mechanism and the like are installed on a motor shaft to realize a locking function, the number of the wedge-shaped blocks in the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism can be three or more, the shapes of the wedge-shaped blocks can be changed in various ways, and the positioning characteristics of the wedge-shaped blocks can adopt other structural forms such as bosses, flat keys and the like besides T-shaped grooves, dovetail grooves and positioning sliding sleeves to enhance the assembly stability and the working reliability. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive labor based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention has been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover various modifications, adaptations or uses of the invention, and all such modifications and changes are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. An electronic mechanical line control brake comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a rotating rod, a connecting rod, a wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism, a piston, a friction limiting device, a brake caliper body, a brake disc and a friction plate; the friction plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the brake disc, one friction plate is arranged on the piston, and the other friction plate is arranged on the brake caliper body; the piston is arranged on the brake caliper body through the friction limiting device; one part of the friction limiting device is fixedly arranged on the brake caliper body, and the other part of the friction limiting device has larger friction force with the outer surface of the piston; the motor is connected with an input element of the transmission mechanism; the terminal element of the transmission mechanism is connected with the rotating rod; the connecting rods are used for connecting the rotating rod and the piston and the rotating rod and the brake caliper body; the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism is arranged in the connecting rod and comprises a wedge block and an actuating element, and when the wedge block moves under the action of the actuating element, the length of the connecting rod can be changed; the terminal element of the transmission mechanism moves to drive the rotating rod to rotate, the moving directions of the two ends of the rotating rod are opposite to drive the connecting rod to move, the connecting rod drives the brake caliper body and the piston to move in opposite directions to drive the friction plate to press the brake disc from two sides;
when braking, the motor drives the rotating rod to rotate through the transmission mechanism to drive the connecting rod to move, the connecting rod drives the piston and the brake caliper body to move in opposite directions respectively, so that the friction plates are pressed on two sides of the brake disc to obtain a high-efficiency and reliable braking effect, at the moment, the piston and the brake caliper body are in relative displacement, and elastic potential energy is generated in the friction limiting device; when the brake is released, the motor drives the rotating rod to move reversely through the transmission mechanism, and simultaneously, under the action of elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device, the piston and the brake caliper body move relatively to restore the initial position, and at the moment, the connecting rod and the rotating rod also move correspondingly to restore the initial position;
when the friction plate is worn and thinned, and the brake works, the motor drives the rotating rod to rotate through the transmission mechanism, so that the piston and the brake caliper body move relatively, the elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device reaches the maximum, the brake effect is poor due to the thinning of the friction plate, the motor continues to work at the moment, the rotating rod is driven to continue to rotate, the friction force between the outer surface of the piston and the friction limiting device is overcome, the piston and the brake caliper body continue to move relatively, and the brake disc is pressed tightly, so that the reliable and efficient brake effect is obtained; when the brake is released, the motor drives the rotating rod to move reversely through the transmission mechanism, meanwhile, the piston and the brake caliper body move relatively under the action of elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device, at the moment, the piston and the friction limiting device are relatively fixed at a new contact position, therefore, the return displacement of the piston and the brake caliper body when the brake is released is smaller than the displacement in the brake working process, and the wedge-shaped adjusting mechanism arranged in the connecting rod works when the motor drives the rotating rod to move reversely to return to the initial working position, the actuating element drives the wedge block to move, so that the length of the connecting rod is changed, so as to meet the size requirement of the abraded friction plate and realize the automatic adjustment of the braking clearance.
2. The electromechanical brake-by-wire of claim 1, further comprising a roller structure disposed on the mating surface of the piston and the caliper body to reduce frictional resistance and improve system operation efficiency.
3. An electromechanical brake-by-wire according to claim 1, wherein said wedge is self-locking mounted in said tie-rod, i.e. a compressive force in the axial direction of said tie-rod does not cause said wedge to move relative to said tie-rod.
4. The electromechanical brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein the tie bars are of the same size and are symmetrically disposed.
5. An electromechanical brake-by-wire according to claim 1 or claim 4, wherein the connection between the connecting rod and the rotary rod/piston/caliper body is such that the change in position between the brake-on components is accommodated by a relative movement between the connecting rod and the rotary rod/piston/caliper body, or by elastic deformation of the connection between the connecting rod and the rotary rod/piston/caliper body.
6. The electromechanical brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein the wedge divides the connecting rod into a left section and a right section, and the joint between the wedge and the connecting rod has a positioning feature to securely connect the left section and the right section of the connecting rod together via the wedge, wherein the left section can only move in the axial direction relative to the right section without relative movement in other directions, and the wedge can only move in the actuating force direction of the actuating element on the connecting rod without movement or rotation in other directions, so as to improve the assembly stability and the operational reliability.
7. The electronic mechanical brake-by-wire of claim 1, characterized in that when there is no transmission link with zero reverse efficiency in the transmission mechanism, a locking mechanism is used to realize parking brake under the condition of power-off of the motor, the locking mechanism adopts an electromagnetic brake or an electrically controlled mechanical brake device, and can be disconnected when power-on is performed, and a transmission element in the transmission link is fixed when power-off is performed, so as to maintain the pressure between the friction plate and the brake disc, and realize parking brake function; when the transmission mechanism is provided with a transmission link with the reverse efficiency of zero, the parking brake is realized by the locking mechanism, or the parking brake is realized by the reverse efficiency of zero and the power and the motion can not be transmitted reversely.
8. The electromechanical brake-by-wire of claim 1, further comprising said rotary rod supported on said caliper body, said connecting rod being disposed only between said piston and said rotary rod; or the rotating rod is supported on the piston, and the connecting rod is arranged between the brake caliper body and the rotating rod.
9. The electromechanical brake-by-wire of claim 6, wherein the positioning features comprise curved features disposed on the engaging surface of the wedge block and the connecting rod, and matching grooves and bosses are respectively machined on the engaging surface of the wedge block and the connecting rod, so that the wedge block is tightly mounted on the connecting rod and can only move along the engaging surface without movement along the axis direction or other directions of the connecting rod, and the grooves include but are not limited to "T" grooves and "dovetail" grooves; the positioning feature further comprises a connecting feature arranged at the position where the connecting rod is arranged to mount the wedge-shaped block and directly connecting the two sections of connecting rods, the connecting rods on two sides of the wedge-shaped block are directly connected through a rigid element, and the connecting rod can only move along the axis of the other section of connecting rod relative to the other section of connecting rod and cannot move in other directions.
CN201711500609.5A 2017-12-29 2017-12-29 Electronic mechanical brake-by-wire Active CN108591306B (en)

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CN110469601B (en) * 2019-07-27 2021-01-15 浙江师范大学 Self-energizing wire control actuator
CN110486394B (en) * 2019-07-27 2021-01-15 浙江师范大学 Self-energizing wire control actuator
CN112413006B (en) * 2019-08-23 2022-02-08 比亚迪股份有限公司 Disc brake and vehicle
CN114382802B (en) * 2022-03-09 2023-06-30 浙江师范大学 Linear control actuator
CN114483822B (en) * 2022-03-09 2023-06-30 浙江师范大学 Linear control actuator
CN114396439B (en) * 2022-03-09 2023-06-30 浙江师范大学 Linear control actuator

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DE1625755C3 (en) * 1967-12-02 1979-11-15 Knorr-Bremse Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen Automatic readjusting device for a floating-caliper partially lined disc brake, in particular for rail vehicles
CN201802790U (en) * 2010-07-27 2011-04-20 泸州开士乐工程技术有限责任公司 Brake actuating device capable of realizing clearance automatic compensation
CN103538281B (en) * 2013-10-23 2016-03-02 宁波大学 A kind of adjusting device of press connecting rod length
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CN107477109B (en) * 2017-08-28 2019-03-22 浙江师范大学 A kind of electric mechanical brake-by-wire device
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