CN110464722B - 一类小分子化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备抗肿瘤转移药物中的应用 - Google Patents
一类小分子化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备抗肿瘤转移药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110464722B CN110464722B CN201910493676.1A CN201910493676A CN110464722B CN 110464722 B CN110464722 B CN 110464722B CN 201910493676 A CN201910493676 A CN 201910493676A CN 110464722 B CN110464722 B CN 110464722B
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及抗肿瘤医药技术领域,更具体地,涉及一类小分子化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备抗肿瘤转移药物中的应用。
背景技术
肿瘤是当今世界危及人类健康的一种最常见、最严重的疾病,其发病率仅次于心血管疾病。肿瘤转移是指恶性肿瘤细胞脱离其原发部位,在体内通过各种途径(如血液、淋巴等)的转运,到达远端其它组织继续增殖生长,形成继发肿瘤的全过程。侵袭与转移是恶性肿瘤区别于良性肿瘤的最主要的特征之一。据估计,90%肿瘤病人的死亡是源于癌细胞转移。因此,研究如何抑制和/或预防肿瘤细胞的转移是抗肿瘤药物研发的重要方向。
以原发性肝癌(Hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)为例,虽然目前对于诊断和治疗肝癌的技术手段有了很大的提高,最主要的手段还是手术切除,但是只有大约20%~30%的肝癌患者能够在其患病的早期阶段被诊断出来,进而有机会采取最有效的治疗手段。不同阶段的肝癌患者对于同一种治疗手段的预后情况大大不同,如同样是手术切除治疗,中晚期肝癌患者即使采取手术治疗手段,复发的几率很大。因为术后残留的肝癌细胞会转移到其它组织,最常见的是肺转移,通过浸润到其它组织的细胞群中,引发了更加严重的癌症,加大了治疗的难度。无论在长期的细胞培养中还是动物模型体内,肝癌细胞都有很强的迁移和侵润能力,使得普通的治疗手段,如切除手术、放疗、化疗等效果不明显。从而使肝癌患者治疗预后差,复发率高。
因此,寻找抑制肿瘤细胞转移,是治疗肿瘤的一项重要的手段,新型抗肿瘤转移药物的发现对挽救恶性肿瘤患者的生命具有至关重要的临床意义和社会价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一类小分子化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备抗肿瘤转移药物中的应用。本发明化合物在体外可显著抑制肿瘤细胞的侵袭、迁移和水平运动能力;且细胞毒性较小,对正常细胞安全性高,具有很好的成药特性,可制备成为抗肿瘤药物和/或抗肿瘤转移药物进行应用,用于防治中晚期恶性肿瘤病人的肿瘤细胞的转移本发明的另一目的在于提供由所述小分子化合物或其药学上可接受的盐制备的药物组合物。
本发明的上述目的是通过以下方案予以实现的:
一类小分子化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备抗肿瘤转移药物中的应用,所述化合物的结构如式(Ⅰ)所示:
其中所述X、Y、Z分别独立地为C、N、O或S;
R1为氢、羟基、C1-6烷基、C1-6取代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C3-6环烷基、苯基、取代苯基、苄基、取代苄基、胺基、取代胺基、苯酯基、或糖苷;其中R4为C3-9环烷基或其中R6为氢、卤素、羟基、硝基、C1-4烷基、C1-4取代烷基或C1-4烷氧基,n为0~4的整数;R5为羟基、C1-6烷基、C1-6取代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C3-6环烷基或苯基;
所述C1-4取代烷基、C1-6取代烷基、取代苯基、取代苄基、取代胺基中的取代基为卤素、羟基、苯基、C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基或C3-6环烷基。
优选地,所述X、Y、Z分别独立地为C或N。
优选地,当X、Y和Z均为N时,化合物的结构如式(Ⅱ)所示:
R1为氢、羟基、C1-6烷基、C1-6取代烷基、苯基、取代苯基、苄基、胺基、取代胺基、苯酯基、或糖苷;其中R4为C3-9环烷基或其中R6为氢、卤素、羟基或硝基,n为0~4的整数;R5为C1-6烷基、C1-6取代烷基、C1-6烷氧基或C3-6环烷基;
当Y为N,X和Z均为C时,化合物的结构如式(Ⅲ)所示:
R2为氢;R3为氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6取代烷基、C1-6烷氧基或糖苷;
当Y为C,X和Z均为N时,化合物的结构如式(Ⅳ)所示:
R2为氢;R3为氢或C1-6取代烷基;C1-6取代烷基中的取代基为卤素、羟基、苯基;
当X为C,Y和Z均为N时,化合物的结构如式(Ⅴ)所示:
R1为羟基或C1-4烷基;R2为氢;R3为氢或糖苷。
取代苯基中的取代基为氟、氯、溴、硝基、羟基、甲基、乙基、甲氧基或乙氧基中的一个或多个。
优选地,所述小分子化合物为以下结构中的一种:
优选地,所述其药学上可接受的盐是由所述小分子化合物与酸或者碱反应制备得到。
更优选地,所述酸为盐酸、硫酸或氢溴酸;所述碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钙或氢氧化钾。
优选地,所述抗肿瘤转移为抗肝癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、胃癌、宫颈癌、卵巢癌、食管癌、大肠癌、鼻咽癌、脑癌或骨癌中的一种或多种的转移。
本发明同时还保护由所述小分子化合物或其药学上可接受的盐制备的药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含治疗有效量的式(Ⅰ)所示小分子化合物和/或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中所述X、Y、Z分别独立地为C、N、O或S;
R1为氢、羟基、C1-6烷基、C1-6取代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C3-6环烷基、苯基、取代苯基、苄基、取代苄基、胺基、取代胺基、苯酯基、或糖苷;其中R4为C3-9环烷基或其中R6为氢、卤素、羟基、硝基、C1-4烷基、C1-4取代烷基或C1-4烷氧基,n为0~4的整数;R5为羟基、C1-6烷基、C1-6取代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C3-6环烷基或苯基;
所述C1-4取代烷基、C1-6取代烷基、取代苯基、取代苄基、取代胺基中的取代基为卤素、羟基、苯基、C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基或C3-6环烷基。
哟选地,所述药物组合物可制备成为注射剂、乳剂、片剂、散剂、颗粒剂、软膏、脂质体或口服液。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明所述小分子化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,在体外可显著抑制肿瘤细胞的侵袭、迁移和水平运动能力;且细胞毒性较小,对正常细胞安全性高,具有很好的成药特性,可制备成为抗肿瘤药物和/或抗肿瘤转移药物进行应用,用于防治中晚期恶性肿瘤病人的肿瘤细胞的转移;
同时,所述小分子化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的结构简单、易于合成,可大规模工业化生产制备,易于推广应用。
附图说明
图1为不同浓度的化合物1对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。
图2为不同浓度的化合物2对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。
图3为不同浓度的化合物3对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。
图4为不同浓度的化合物4对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。
图5为不同浓度的化合物5对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。
图6为不同浓度的化合物7对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。
图7为不同浓度的化合物8对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。
图8为不同浓度的化合物11对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。
图9为不同浓度的化合物28对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。
图10为不同浓度的化合物32对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。
图11为不同浓度的化合物33对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。
图12为通过划痕实验测定不同浓度的化合物1对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。
图13为通过划痕实验测定不同浓度的化合物32对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。
图14为通过划痕实验测定不同浓度的化合物33对HepG2细胞迁移的影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做出进一步地详细阐述,所述实施例只用于解释本发明,并非用于限定本发明的范围。下述实施例中所使用的试验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所使用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,为可从商业途径得到的试剂和材料。
实施例1
化合物的筛选,步骤如下:
1、化合物库预处理:虚拟筛选化合物库为实验室自备化合物数据库。化合物库作如下处理:去除离子及络合水分子、加电荷、质子化、产生三维构象。这些流程均在药物设计软件包Discovery Studio 3.0中完成。其中质子化在pH 6.5-8.5条件下进行。准备好的小分子库用于虚拟筛选。
2.以基于虎眼万年青皂甙(OSW-1)的结构进行相似度匹配的数据库搜寻,找出结构类似的化合物。
筛选得到的化合物结构如表1所示。
表1化合物结构
实施例2化合物细胞毒性测定
以实施例1筛选的化合物进行进一步的筛选,测试化合物的细胞毒性,具体过程如下:
1.细胞培养:体外培养HepG2细胞,使用含有10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基,在37℃,5%二氧化碳浓度条件下进行常规维持培养和传代。
2.药物干预:将HepG2细胞铺板至96孔板,每孔1×103细胞;次日,分别使用不同浓度梯度的小分子化合物处理细胞,每个浓度设3个平行复孔。
3.测试方法:72小时后,用CCK-8试剂盒检测细胞毒性。
按照10%的比例,每100uL培养基中加入10uL CCK-8,并于37℃进行孵育2小时后,用酶标仪检测吸收光值(OD450)。
相对于对照组的吸光值,分别计算出不同化合物在不同浓度的作用下的细胞毒性。以相对值为纵坐标,药物浓度为横坐标绘制各化合物对细胞生长率作用的曲线图,并计算各药物使50%细胞死亡时的药物浓度(CC50)以评价各化合物的细胞毒性。
每种化合物的每个浓度至少进行3次重复实验。
实施例3化合物抑制HepG2细胞迁移能力
以实施例2筛选的化合物为测试对象,测试其抑制HepG2细胞迁移的能力,实验具体过程如下:
1.细胞培养:体外培养HepG2细胞,使用含有10%胎牛血清,100U/mL青霉素,100μg/mL链霉素的高糖DMEM培养基,在37℃,5%二氧化碳浓度条件下进行常规维持培养和传代。
2.Transwell迁移实验:用胰酶消化细胞后离心收集2×106细胞;用1mL PBS缓冲液洗涤细胞一次,离心收集细胞;加入1mL无血清培养基重悬细胞;用完全培养基配置不同浓度的各种化合物,取0.6mL至24孔板后,放入细胞培养小室。取0.1mL重悬的细胞加入小室上室,置于37℃,5%CO2的环境中培养。24小时后取出小室,用PBS清洗干净,风干;用4%PFA固定细胞20min后,用PBS将小室清洗干净,风干;取1%结晶紫/2%(v/v)甲醇染色30min,用PBS清洗干净,风干后拍照。重复3次独立实验。
4.结果处理:Transwell迁移实验拍照,每个样品随机选取10个视野拍照(放大倍数:100×;标尺:200μm)。用image pro plus 6.0对每个视野的细胞数进行统计。计算各化合物的抑制50%癌症细胞迁移的起效浓度,以评价各化合物的作用。
划痕实验具体过程如下:
(1)先用marker笔在6孔板背后,用直尺比着,均匀得划横线,大约每隔0.5~1cm一道,横穿过孔。每孔至少穿过5条线;
(2)每孔中加入约5x105个细胞,掌握为过夜培养贴壁;
(3)第二天用枪头比着直尺,尽量垂至于背后的横线划痕;
(4)用PBS洗细胞3次,去处划下的细胞,加入无血清培养基;
(5)放入37度5%CO2培养箱,培养。按0,48,72小时拍照取样。
每种化合物的每个浓度至少进行3次重复实验。
实施例2和3的测试结果如表2所示。
表2化合物的细胞毒性和抑制HepG2细胞迁移试验结果
化合物1~33的测试结果如表1所示,部分化合物的测试结果如图1~11所示,图1~11分别是化合物1、2、3、4、5、7、8、11、28、32、33实验的测试结果;图12~14分别是化合物1、32、33划痕实验得到测试结果。
从表1中可知,实施例提供的大部分化合物的细胞毒性较低,甚至部分化合物对于细胞没有任何的毒性;同时大部分化合物对HepG2细胞具有较好的抑制转移作用,其中尤其是化合物1、32、33,没有或较低的细胞毒性,而对于HepG2细胞表现出优异的抑制转移作用,且在纳摩尔浓度条件下就能起效,化合物1、32、33的划痕实验也验证了这个结论。
综上,上述实施例提供的大部分化合物对于细胞的毒性较低,甚至没有毒性,同时能够很好的抑制HepG2细胞迁移,可制备成为抗肿瘤药物和/或抗肿瘤转移药物进行应用,用于防治中晚期恶性肿瘤病人的肿瘤细胞的转移。
最后所应当说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明及思路的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动,这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
2.根据权利要求1所述小分子化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备抗肿瘤转移药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述其药学上可接受的盐是由所述小分子化合物与酸或者碱反应制备得到。
3.根据权利要求1所述小分子化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备抗肿瘤转移药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述抗肿瘤转移为抗肝癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、胃癌、宫颈癌、卵巢癌、食管癌、大肠癌、鼻咽癌、脑癌或骨癌中的一种或多种的转移。
5.根据权利要求4所述药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物可制备成为注射剂、乳剂、片剂、散剂、颗粒剂、软膏、脂质体或口服液。
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