CN110433253A - 一种甘麦大枣颗粒及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种甘麦大枣颗粒,包括炙甘草、小麦和大枣。还公开了所述甘麦大枣颗粒的制备方法,包括:将炙甘草、小麦和大枣按重量份混合,加水提取2~3次,每次1~2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩至60℃时相对密度为1.22~1.26的浓缩液;加入药用辅料,采用一步制粒法制粒,整粒,包装,即得所述的甘麦大枣颗粒。还公开了所述的甘麦大枣颗粒在制备治疗抑郁症药物中的应用。本发明颗粒经质量标准检测合格,制剂成本低,能满足患者需要,病人可自行用药,服用方便,易于推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药制剂领域,具体涉及一种甘麦大枣颗粒及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
抑郁症(Depression)是情感性精神障碍综合症,是以显著、持久的情绪低落,行为木僵,悲观厌世为主要特征的一组疾病。这种障碍可能从情绪的轻度不佳到严重的抑郁,它有别于正常的情绪低落。近年来,患抑郁症的人群逐渐增多,抑郁症的严重性和危害性已得到全世界的重视,有研究显示,抑郁症即将成为死亡率第二的疾病。目前治疗抑郁症的主要药物有:三环类抗抑郁剂、单胺氧化酶抑制剂、5-羟色胺重吸收抑制剂。但这类药物的疗效不能满足治疗的需要;而且副作用明显,如嗜睡、视物模糊、高血压、惊厥、头痛、头晕、失眠、恶心、心动过速等,其应用受到不同程度的限制。
甘麦大枣汤出自于汉代名医张仲景的《金匮要略》,由炙甘草、大枣、小麦三味药材组成。主治情志不舒,肝郁化火伤阴,思虑过度,心脾两伤导致的脏阴不足,心神失养,躁扰不宁的脏躁症,是古今医家用来治疗精神类疾病的主要方剂。
炙甘草甘温,益气和中,调和诸药。炙甘草的作用真谛为“甘缓”缓急,缓心之急,是缓心神之急而缓急止悸,以治“心动悸”之标急。同时指出了炙甘草“甘缓”缓急,不止于缓心之急,更在于缓众病之急而“主五脏六腑寒热邪气”。
小麦性凉,味甘咸,入心、脾、肾经。具有益气、除热、止汗之功效,但止汗是其主要功能,阳虚自汗、骨蒸劳热、阴虚盗汗均可应用。小麦还有益气养阴功效,可用于阴虚发热、骨蒸劳热等,常与玄参、麦冬、生地、地骨皮等同用,起到养阴清热、敛汗除蒸的作用。
大枣的应用始载于《神农本草经》,列为上品。称其为“性甘、平,主心腹邪气,安中养神,助十二经,平胃气,通九窍,补少气、少精液、身中不足、大惊、四肢重,和百药作为中医临床常用补益药,味甘、性温,归脾、胃经,具有补中益气,养血安神之功。也是国家公布的药食同源之品,古今均将其作为健脾专药,益气养血佳品。
现代研究证明甘麦大枣汤具有镇静、催眠、抗惊厥,升高白细胞,耐缺氧等药理作用。精神活动的异常与中枢神经系统的单胺类递质和平衡状态失衡关系很密切,中枢神经系统和单胺类递质含量下降导致抑郁症的发生。抑郁模型大鼠脑内单胺神经递质NE和5-HT的含量明显低于正常大鼠,甘麦大枣汤可能通过提高中枢神经NE和5-HT含量改善抑郁状态,显著改善抑郁症大鼠抑郁行为,可明显改善大鼠运动减少、对新鲜环境的好奇程度减低、兴趣减低等抑郁状态,从而达到治疗抑郁症。临床使用应用需要制成汤剂服用,操作步骤繁琐,患者使用不便,同时限制了该中药复方的推广。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的中药复方给药的不便等缺陷,提供一种方便有效的治疗抑郁症的药物制剂。具体涉及甘麦大枣颗粒及其制备方法和应用。
本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种甘麦大枣颗粒,包括炙甘草、小麦和大枣。
优选地,所述甘麦大枣颗粒,包括如下重量份的原料:炙甘草350~400份、小麦550~650份和大枣250~300份。
进一步优选,所述甘麦大枣颗粒,包括如下重量份的原料:炙甘草396份、小麦600份和大枣270份。
优选地,所述甘麦大枣颗粒还包括药用辅料。
进一步优选,所述药用辅料为糊精。
本发明还提供了所述甘麦大枣颗粒的制备方法,包括:
将炙甘草、小麦和大枣按重量份混合,加水提取2~3次,每次1~2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩至60℃时相对密度为1.22~1.26的浓缩液;加入药用辅料,采用一步制粒法制粒,整粒,包装,即得所述的甘麦大枣颗粒。
本发明从防治抑郁症疾病的需要和方便患者的角度出发,采用药剂学方法,将中药材炙甘草、大枣、小麦制成浓缩液,加药物辅料,通过流化床一步制粒制得甘麦大枣颗粒。
优选地,提取过程中,水的加入量为药材总质量的6~8倍,提取温度为60~80℃。
优选地,药用辅料的加入量为浓缩液的质量的1.5~2倍。
优选地,采用流化床进行制粒,流化床工艺参数为:进风温度为60~70℃,出风温度为30~50℃,风压为0.04~0.2MPa,液料温度为35~50℃,液料流量为15~30mL/min,流化载体为糊精。
本发明还提供了所述的甘麦大枣颗粒在制备治疗抑郁症药物中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:本发明制剂成本低,能满足患者需要,病人可自行用药,服用方便,易于推广。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种甘麦大枣颗粒,包括如下重量份的原料:炙甘草396份、小麦600份和大枣270份。
将炙甘草、小麦和大枣按重量份混合,加药材总质量8倍的水提取3次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩至60℃时相对密度为1.22~1.26的浓缩液;加入浓缩液质量1.5倍的糊精,置糊精于流化床内,开始时,进风温度65℃,出风温度35℃,风压0.1MPa,液料温度40℃,液料流量20mL/min,保持物料的流化状态良好。进液结束后,继续流化干燥1h,即得颗粒。
性状:取本品内容物适量,日光下观察,口尝。结果:本品为颗粒剂,内容物为浅褐色至棕褐色颗粒剂,气清香,味苦。
鉴别:
(1)甘麦大枣颗粒中的小麦薄层鉴别:取甘麦大枣颗粒1g,加70%乙醇10mL,冷浸过夜,过滤,取滤液作为供试品溶液。阴性样品溶液的制备:按处方比例取除小麦外其余药材,制备方法同供试品溶液,作为阴性对照溶液。展开剂:正丁醇-冰醋酸-水(4:1:5);显色剂:10%磷钼酸乙醇溶液;显色条件:白光下检视。供试品色谱中,在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上阴性对照无干扰,显示相同颜色斑点。
(2)甘麦大枣颗粒中的大枣薄层鉴别:取甘麦大枣颗粒2g,加石油醚(60~90℃)10mL,浸泡10分钟,超声处理约10分钟,滤过,弃去石油醚液,药渣晾干,加乙醚20mL,浸泡1小时,超声处理约30分钟,滤过,滤液浓缩至2mL,即得。阴性样品溶液的制备:按处方比例取除大枣外其余药材,制备方法同供试品溶液,作为阴性对照溶液。对照品溶液的制备:另取齐墩果酸对照品适量,加乙醇制成每1mL含1.498mg的溶液。展开剂:甲苯-乙酸乙酯-冰醋酸(14:4:0.5)显色剂:10%硫酸乙醇溶液;显色条件:紫外光灯下检视。供试品色谱中,在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上阴性对照无干扰,显示相同颜色斑点。
检查:粒度检查,水分,溶化性,装量差异按中国药典2015版执行。
含量测定:高效液相法测定颗粒剂中甘草苷的含量,每袋含,甘草苷>15.0mg。
实施例2
一种甘麦大枣颗粒,包括如下重量份的原料:炙甘草350份、小麦650份和大枣250份。
将炙甘草、小麦和大枣按重量份混合,加药材总质量6倍的水提取2次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩至60℃时相对密度为1.22~1.26的浓缩液;加入浓缩液质量2倍的糊精,置糊精于流化床内,开始时,进风温度65℃,出风温度35℃,风压0.1MPa,液料温度40℃,液料流量20mL/min,保持物料的流化状态良好。进液结束后,继续流化干燥1h,即得颗粒。
上述颗粒剂经质量标准检测结果为:同实施例1。
实施例3
一种甘麦大枣颗粒,包括如下重量份的原料:炙甘草400份、小麦550份和大枣300份。
将炙甘草、小麦和大枣按重量份混合,加药材总质量8倍的水提取2次,每次1小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩至60℃时相对密度为1.22~1.26的浓缩液;加入浓缩液质量1.7倍的糊精,置糊精于流化床内,开始时,进风温度60℃,出风温度40℃,风压0.15MPa,液料温度50℃,液料流量15mL/min,保持物料的流化状态良好。进液结束后,继续流化干燥1.5h,即得颗粒。
上述颗粒剂经质量标准检测结果为:同实施例1。
实施例4
一种甘麦大枣颗粒,包括如下重量份的原料:炙甘草375份、小麦600份和大枣280份。
将炙甘草、小麦和大枣按重量份混合,加药材总质量6倍的水提取3次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩至60℃时相对密度为1.22~1.26的浓缩液;加入浓缩液质量2倍的糊精,置糊精于流化床内,开始时,进风温度70℃,出风温度30℃,风压0.05MPa,液料温度35℃,液料流量25mL/min,保持物料的流化状态良好。进液结束后,继续流化干燥1h,即得颗粒。
上述颗粒剂经质量标准检测结果为:同实施例1。
Claims (10)
1.一种甘麦大枣颗粒,其特征在于,包括炙甘草、小麦和大枣。
2.根据权利要求1所述的甘麦大枣颗粒,其特征在于,包括如下重量份的原料:炙甘草350~400份、小麦550~650份和大枣250~300份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的甘麦大枣颗粒,其特征在于,包括如下重量份的原料:炙甘草396份、小麦600份和大枣270份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的甘麦大枣颗粒,其特征在于,所述甘麦大枣颗粒还包括药用辅料。
5.根据权利要求4所述的甘麦大枣颗粒,其特征在于,所述药用辅料为糊精。
6.根据权利要求1~5任一项所述的甘麦大枣颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
将炙甘草、小麦和大枣按重量份混合,加水提取2~3次,每次1~2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩至60℃时相对密度为1.22~1.26的浓缩液;加入药用辅料,采用一步制粒法制粒,整粒,包装,即得所述的甘麦大枣颗粒。
7.根据权利要求6所述的甘麦大枣颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,提取过程中,水的加入量为药材总质量的6~8倍。
8.根据权利要求6所述的甘麦大枣颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,药用辅料的加入量为浓缩液的质量的1.5~2倍。
9.根据权利要求6所述的甘麦大枣颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,采用流化床进行制粒,流化床工艺参数为:进风温度为60~70℃,出风温度为30~50℃,风压为0.04~0.2MPa,液料温度为35~50℃,液料流量为15~30mL/min,流化载体为糊精。
10.一种根据权利要求1~5任一项所述的甘麦大枣颗粒在制备治疗抑郁症药物中的应用。
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