CN110432257A - A kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method - Google Patents
A kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110432257A CN110432257A CN201910705356.8A CN201910705356A CN110432257A CN 110432257 A CN110432257 A CN 110432257A CN 201910705356 A CN201910705356 A CN 201910705356A CN 110432257 A CN110432257 A CN 110432257A
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- crab
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- specimen production
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
Abstract
A kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method, the implementation steps of described this method are as follows: S1, preparation；S2, processing；S3, splicing；S4, whole appearance；S5, hardening and brightening；The solution prepared in the step S1 is trypsin solution and 5%KOH solution；Fixation is to be placed on crab in 75% ethyl alcohol to impregnate at least 24 hours in the step S2；In the step S5, hardening process is placed 6 hours after one layer of thin paint is sprayed to sample in ventilation；The sample made using this method, pigment in crab class sample crust can be made to retain to the maximum extent, sample can also be presented to spectators in primary form to greatest extent to the greatest extent, sample hardness is high, intensity is big, it is hardly damaged, sample is light, space hold is few, portable, if the later period may be repaired by slight damage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to preparation of specimen field, especially a kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method.
Background technique
Currently, it is the leaching for being soaked liquid that the production of crab class sample, which uses mostly with the alcoholic solution of formalin solution or 95%,
Preparation method, this method can rapid saving crab class samples.But this method have the shortcomings that it is certain.It is soaked liquid first with volatility and thorn
Swash property, human health is constituted and is endangered；Secondly as sample saves in being soaked liquid, therefore can not carry out shaping it, if after
Phase sample is damaged or crab leg falls off naturally, and humid preparation is difficult to carry out later period reparation, and dry preserved specimen uses proper method
It can carry out repair process.Again, humid preparation transport is more difficult, and cost is big, and dry preserved specimen only needs that sample needle is taken to fix
It is easy to carry in Riker mount.Most of all, no matter using it is any be soaked liquid all and not can avoid be soaked liquid to crab class crust
The dissolution of middle pigment causes sample more and more lighter with the extension color of soaking time.Make another side of crab class sample
Formula is the dry process using antiseptin.This dry process is better than being soaked method, without using being soaked liquid, can adjust crab sample with the later period
Posture is presented to audience with most primary state, and Production Time is shorter, but this method is removed in muscle treatment and do not done
Only, it is attached on the muscle inside crust after causing sample to be made to black, foul, largely effects on appreciation effect and sample value, because
And need to redesign a kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method.
The present invention be exactly in order to solve problem above and carry out improvement.
Summary of the invention
That the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hardness is high, intensity is big, is hardly damaged, sample is light, space hold is few, portable
Band can easily identify the crab class dry preserved specimen production method of crab class species if the later period may be repaired by slight damage.
The present invention is that technical solution used by solving its technical problem is:
A kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method, the implementation steps of described this method are as follows:
S1, preparation are formulated for the solution of processing crab；
S2, processing kill crab and are fixed after anaesthetizing crab, then by between the foot of a chela, step and chest plastron into
Row separation, carapace is separated with chest plastron, chest plastron and abdomen navel are separated, finally by the foot of a chela, step and swimming foot
In muscle removal, muscle removal in carapace, the removal of muscle in chest plastron；
S3, splicing splice the cuirass of crab with abdomen, and carapace is spliced with cuirass, the foot of a chela, step and swimming foot
Scattered limb is spliced, and appendage is spliced with cuirass；
Eyes, the foot of a chela and the step of crab after step S3 splicing are carried out whole appearance by S4, whole appearance；
Crab after the whole appearance of step S4 is carried out hardening and brightening is handled by S5, hardening and brightening；
Further, the solution prepared in the step S1 is trypsin solution and 5%KOH solution；
Further, fixation is to be placed on crab in 75% ethyl alcohol to impregnate at least 24 hours in the step S2；
In the step S5, hardening process is placed 6 hours after one layer of thin paint is sprayed to sample in ventilation；
Specifically, splicing uses UHU glue to be spliced in the step S3；
Wherein, brightening process is to apply one layer of gloss varnish in sample appearance in the step S5, waits its natural air drying.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the sample made using this method can make pigment in crab class sample crust maximum
Retaining to limit, sample can also be presented to spectators in primary form to greatest extent to the greatest extent, and sample hardness is high, intensity is big, it is hardly damaged,
Sample is light, space hold is few, portable, if the later period may be repaired by slight damage；The crab class made using this method
Dry preserved specimen can easily recognize Eriocheir sinensis, the confusing nearly edge crab class species such as eriocheir japonicus when observing；This law preparation
Crab sample can not only regard advanced teaching aid, can also be at home as the high-grade art work after mounting.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the shape mode figure of crab in a kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the shape mode figure of crab foot in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the shape mode figure of step in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is foot of a chela seperated schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order to be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, tie below
Diagram and specific embodiment are closed, the present invention is further explained.
Referring to figs. 1 to shown in Fig. 3, which has following several parts:
First part:
Used experimental material and equipment: cutting backing plate, toothpick, cotton swab, sample needle (change) according to crab size,
White glue with vinyl (sample viscose glue), 1ml syringe, paper handkerchief, cystosepiment, UHU quick-drying gelatin (Germany produces), small brushes, dead skin pincers, thin head
Tweezer, hair dryer, camphor, active carbon is suitable for the Riker mount of size, scalpel (wallpaper knife can also), gloss varnish, Buddha's warrior attendant spray painting, tin silk,
KOH (analysis is pure), trypsase (100,000 unit), 75% ethanol solution.
Second part:
Preparation before preparation of specimen: the production of fixed kind and label, the preparation of related solution:
Wherein, the production of fixed kind and label: by books, network, or inquiry crab class systematicalian are basic to obtain the crab
Information, such as Chinese name, popular name, latin name etc. are inserted into text box, Chinese No. 5 font sizes in word document, and Song typeface font adds
Slightly, English No. 5 font sizes, Song typeface font, overstriking (Classification system need to use italic), setting text box frame line color are black
Color, thickness are 2 pounds.It is printed, was carrying out modeling, and cut along label edges 5mm, and crab sample is mating deposits
It puts；
The preparation of related solution includes the preparation of the preparation of trypsin solution, 5%KOH solution:
Wherein, it the preparation of trypsin solution: in 50mL water, is added 2g trypsase (ten Wan Danwei), then by its turn
Enter 100mL volumetric flask, be added to graduation mark with water, cap shakes up, and is transferred in beaker and then adjusts pH with KOH solution
To 8, that is, can be used, have ready conditions during sarcolysis it is lower be preferably put into 38 DEG C of insulating boxs, sarcolysis can be accelerated.In muscle
It should be observed when dissolution more, cannot excessively impregnate, tissue connection part is prevented also to be dissolved, trouble is caused to later period adhesion；
The preparation of 5%KOH solution: 5gKOH solid (analysis is pure) is added in 50mL water, is then transferred to 100mL capacity
Bottle, is added to graduation mark with water, and cap shakes up, and being transferred to beaker can be used.
Part III:
The processing of crab before preparation of specimen: it anaesthetizes, kill crab, fixation
In the step S2 by crab be put into mixture of ice and water impregnate 10~can anaesthetize after twenty minutes, then by crab
95% ethyl alcohol of 1mL is drawn with 1mL syringe, finds crab mouth position on the lower side, is gently inserted with injection needle and (does not injure crab
Mouth structure), when discovery has syringe needle at one that can be easily inserted, i.e., by syringe needle quick insertion, 1mL ethyl alcohol is injected in it completely,
Death in crab 1 minute or so, at this moment has crab limbs and falls, and belongs to normal phenomenon, is conducive to post-production.If dead crab, when
When but unconditionally make sample, water can be added not have crab to be freezed with plastic ware, when having ready conditions, in originally current scour
Under thaw, preparation of specimen is carried out after defrosting immediately；
Fixation is that dead crab is placed in 75% ethyl alcohol to impregnate at least 24 hours, is fixed, prevents the later period
It rots when making for a long time.
Part IV:
The dismemberent of crab: the foot of a chela, the separation between step (swimming foot) and chest plastron, carapace and chest plastron, chest
The separation of plastron and abdomen navel
The foot of a chela, the separation between step (swimming foot) and chest plastron: raking about in step can find that one surround
In appendage shallow ridges (namely crab class often by danger when, crab has the burble point of broken leg phenomenon), sent out according to test of many times
It is existing, carve the shallow ridges with the tip of scalpel, whether then attempt gently to break can break, if cannot if repeat on step, this side
Method can easily separate appendage, and edge is very neatly arranged at separation, be conducive to later period seamless adhesion；
Carapace and chest plastron, the separation of chest plastron and abdomen navel: fixed crab carapace is light by crab chest plastron
It gently breaks into two with one's hands, when discovery has crack to occur, is at this moment gently inserted into scalpel tip and the inside is linked into the thin of carapace and cuirass
Membrane tissue, which is all drawn, to break, and can more easily be broken into two with one's hands with hand at this time.Again with scalpel by the junction of abdomen navel left and right ends
It cuts off, then the removing by abdomen navel from chest plastron slowly.
Part V:
The removal of muscle in crab crust: the removal of muscle in the foot of a chela, step and swimming foot, the removal of muscle in carapace,
The removal of muscle in chest plastron
The removal of muscle in the foot of a chela, step and swimming foot: respectively in meropodium 4, carpopodium 5, prosthomere, the connection of finger joint 7 in step
Place can find the translucent tissue (be all existing in pairs, each junction has up and down) of similar film, with scalpel by its
It scratches, slowly carries out hand along its vertical joint motion direction and break that (strength is cumulative, firmly can not once break into two with one's hands, in this way to crust
In one be similar to joint structure have compared with havoc, the bonding after being unfavorable for).Then fine-pointed forceps, pin, cotton are used
The inside muscle is rejected completely as far as possible, is then impregnated in trypsin solution about 6 hours by label, paper handkerchief, and observation is wherein
No there are also muscle to remain, suitably increase soaking time.It is finally rinsed well with clear water, the muscle removal link of the foot of a chela is just completed
.The muscle of the foot of a chela removes (only the foot of a chela is propodite 6, the prosthomere of step) identical as step processing method.If swimming foot is then
Only handle meropodium 4, carpopodium 5, prosthomere with method just now (finger joint 7 directly impregnates trypsin solution).Processing method also with step
Foot is identical；
The removal of muscle in carapace: it is first affectedly bashful son and picks out its hepatopancrease and stomach to come, then take toothbrush that will adhere to carapace
Internal atrament cleans down as far as possible, then puts it into trypsin solution about 6 hours, then takes brush wash,
After without obvious impurity, that clear water is rinsed well；
The removal of muscle in chest plastron: clamping by dead skin and cut off together along the place of match growth together with following chitin,
It is careful not to destroy the two panels first outside edge and mouth, the meat easily removed is removed as far as possible, is then placed in 5%KOH solution
24 hours, optionally increase the time, when inside cuirass without obvious muscle, is taken out, will wherein have been turned to sharp-crested tweezer glutinous
Liquid muscle is rejected, and is rinsed with water clean.
Part VI:
The splicing of crab: the splicing of the splicing of cuirass and abdomen, carapace and cuirass, the foot of a chela, step and the scattered limb of swimming foot are spelled
It connects, the splicing of appendage and cuirass
The splicing of cuirass and abdomen: filling up that ditch inside abdomen with UHU glue, abdomen be then embedded in abdomen, with blowing
Blower dries up glue, then is applied in gap between cuirass and abdomen one time with white glue with vinyl, then be baked to hair dryer, if abdomen
First piece is stiff, can place it in 75% ethanol solution bubble and take out for 5 minutes, can achieve the effect of softening, keep it preferably embedding
Conjunction and cuirass；
The splicing of carapace and cuirass: the edge that carapace is contacted with cuirass is filled with UHU glue, is bonded, mouth
Covering one layer with white glue with vinyl keeps its contact close, is dried up with hair dryer, then applies at splicing edge one time with white glue with vinyl, with blowing
Machine drying；
The foot of a chela, step and the scattered limb splicing of swimming foot: each position (except finger joint 7) is squeezed into UHU glue, makes a call to 1/3, then
Tin silk is inserted into, then another part is inserted into the other end of tin silk.And so on, by step, swimming foot, foot of a chela assembly is good, then
Each one layer of white glue with vinyl of painting that connect out plays reinforcement effect again, is dried up with hair dryer；
The splicing of appendage and cuirass: the hole at place is separated with appendage toward cuirass, squeezes into the tin that UHU glue is inserted into suitable length
Silk (optionally can put several Gen Xisi according to the diameter in hole, the tin silk more put is shorter than that longest root) more, by the other end
Be inserted into appendage (inserting tin silk is, when being inserted into cuirass one end without wider space, then will be in other end insertion appendage), use white glue with vinyl
Stitching portion is smeared, with hair dryer drying (can also natural air drying), this step repeats (to provide for whole appearance later tough at least 2 times
Property guarantee, appendage is fallen when preventing and treating whole appearance).
Part VII:
The whole appearance of sample: whole appearance, the whole appearance of the foot of a chela, the whole appearance of step of eyes
The whole appearance of eyes: the shorter crab class of eyes keeps eyes except eye socket, fixes eye with sample needle, then
White glue with vinyl is filled it up at eye socket, keeps posture natural air drying.The longer crab class production of eyes is same as above, uniquely it is to be noted that eye
Angle between eyeball and carapace, preferably in accordance with the appearance under this quality crab state living；
The whole appearance of the foot of a chela: the finger joint 7 and propodite 6 of the foot of a chela under normal condition are in closed state, the meropodium 4 of the foot of a chela, wrist
Section 5, propodite 6 also as far as possible with carapace adhesion；The finger joint 7 and propodite 6 of the foot of a chela under attack state are in open configuration and (open
Angle, which generally is 20~30 °, to be advisable, and special kinds can optionally change angle), the meropodium 4 of the foot of a chela can be connected with carapace
(can also be not attached to carapace, depending on personal preference change) carpopodium 5, propodite 6 not with carapace adhesion；
The whole appearance of step: meropodium 4 will be kept at an angle with carpopodium 5, and range is 120 ° to 170 ° (generally 135 °
Left and right), such as scheme, carpopodium 5 and prosthomere generally keep 180 °, and angular range is 90 ° to 150 ° (one between finger joint 7 and prosthomere
As be 135 ° or so), finally guarantee crab be under level viewing it is horizontal, overlook as symmetrical as possible under viewing.Moulding can be from
Network is found with kind crab picture, voluntarily whole fine tuning.
Part VIII:
Hardening: being painted using Buddha's warrior attendant, away from sample about 20cm, is sprayed one layer of thin paint in ventilation, (in operation process, need to be worn hand
Set, mask) it places 6 hours, it is primary repeating above operation, that is, it can reach hardening effect；
Brightening: one layer of gloss varnish is applied in sample appearance with gloss varnish, waits its natural air drying.
The sample made using this method, can be such that pigment in crab class sample crust retains to the maximum extent, sample can also use up
Spectators are presented in primary form to greatest extent, sample hardness is high, intensity is big, is hardly damaged, sample is light, space hold is few, easily
It carries, if the later period may be repaired by slight damage；The crab class dry preserved specimen made using this method can be light when observing
Recognize Eriocheir sinensis, the confusing nearly edge crab class species such as eriocheir japonicus；The crab sample of this law preparation can not only be regarded
Advanced teaching aid, can also be at home as the high-grade art work after mounting.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent defines.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method, it is characterised in that:
The implementation steps of described this method are as follows:
S1, preparation are formulated for the solution of processing crab；
S2, processing kill crab and are fixed after anaesthetizing crab, then will be between the foot of a chela (2), step (3) and chest plastron
Separated, carapace (1) is separated with chest plastron, chest plastron and abdomen navel are separated, finally by the foot of a chela (2), step
Muscle removes in muscle removal, carapace (1) in foot (3) and swimming foot, the removal of muscle in chest plastron；
S3, splicing splice the cuirass of crab with abdomen, and carapace (1) is spliced with cuirass, the foot of a chela (2), step (3)
And the scattered limb of swimming foot is spliced, appendage is spliced with cuirass；
Eyes, the foot of a chela (2) and the step (3) of crab after step S3 splicing are carried out whole appearance by S4, whole appearance；
Crab after the whole appearance of step S4 is carried out hardening and brightening is handled by S5, hardening and brightening.
2. a kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that prepared in the step S1
Solution is trypsin solution and 5%KOH solution.
3. a kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S2 fixation be
Crab is placed in 75% ethyl alcohol and is impregnated at least 24 hours.
4. a kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S5, hardening
Process is placed 6 hours after one layer of thin paint is sprayed to sample in ventilation.
5. a kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that splicing in the step S3 makes
It is that UHU glue is spliced.
6. a kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that brightening in the step S5
Journey is to apply one layer of gloss varnish in sample appearance, waits its natural air drying.
7. a kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that by crab in the step S2
Be put into mixture of ice and water impregnate 10~can anaesthetize after twenty minutes.
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| CN201910705356.8A CN110432257A (en) | 2019-08-01 | 2019-08-01 | A kind of crab class dry preserved specimen production method |
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Application publication date: 20191112 |