CN109984121A - A kind of Shrimp waste aquatic livestock freeze-drying sample preparation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention proposes a kind of Shrimp waste aquatic livestocks to be freeze-dried sample preparation method, step is to choose the complete shrimp crab sample of three-dimensional-structure, and prawn crab sample is cleaned up, alcohol is carried out to it again and submerges lethal processing, wherein alcohol can also moisture in initial absorption sample, to facilitate post-recorded and take pictures, observe sample structure form, and record its color, it is photographed to record simultaneously, in order to be compareed with later period finished product, pretreated shrimp crab sample is placed in freeze drying box, sample is freezed, sample under holding freezing state is put into the 1/2-1/4 that vacuum degree is about the saturated vapour pressure under relevant temperature, steam partial pressure is lower than the triple point pressure of water, the temperature of control heating makes its " at the uniform velocity distilling ", wherein, control point temperature is measured with barometry.It after carrying out first sublimation process, to exclude the moisture not eliminated, needs to carry out secondary distillation, further removes low temperature in product, fail the partial moisture of distillation in primary drying.Sample biggest advantage after freeze-dried is to maintain that form is constant, and color is constant, is convenient for long-term preservation.

Description

A kind of Shrimp waste aquatic livestock freeze-drying sample preparation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to sample preparation fields, are a kind of systems of Shrimp waste aquatic livestock freeze-drying sample specifically Preparation Method.

Background technique

The English of one word of sample derives from old Greek, means " moving hide ", refers in order to which long-term holding is dynamic The feature of object is carried out production processing to animal in whole or in part, is remolded shape when it lives using means physically or chemically State, since they are life-like, and being capable of persistence.With the development of life science, there has also been length for the manufacture craft of sample The progress of foot, for teaching, scientific research is puted on display, and display etc. suffers from important role.

Conventional drying process mainly has a conventional drying, high temperature drying, removal moisture drying etc., these methods to a certain extent can Enough play the role of dry specimen, still, these methods can cause material shrinkage, and cytoclasis is unfavorable for Shrimp waste sample guarantor Original figure and color characteristic are held, and the structure of sample will not be destroyed during being freeze-dried, because solid component exists Black ice on its seat supports, and can leave hole in dry surplus materials in ice distillation.Thus remain product Biological and chemical structure and its active integrality, and can be used for long-term preservation.For this purpose, developing a kind of Shrimp waste aquatic livestock Be freeze-dried sample preparation method very it is necessary to.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of Shrimp waste aquatic livestock freeze-drying sample Preparation method.The Shrimp waste aquatic livestock freeze-drying sample preparation method has operating method simple, will not destroy sample Product structure, the advantages that keeping sample original color.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

The state of substance is determined that solid water all has at different temperature as the water of liquid by temperature and pressure Different saturated vapor pressures.And under the vacuum lower than its saturated vapour pressure, moisture is sublimated.In freeze-drying, usually Used vacuum degree is about the 1/2-1/4 of the saturated vapour pressure under relevant temperature.When pressure is lower than triple point pressure, solid-state Ice is converted into gaseous state.

First selection figure is normal, and the fresh and alive Shrimp waste animal of structural integrity makes sample, and fishing or purchase come Fresh and alive shrimp crab cleans up, and the normal attitude of shrimp crab is examined before freezing, is recorded or is taken pictures.Operation sequence is: (1) will Shrimp crab freezing processing, it is therefore an objective to which fixed shrimp crab product, convenient for distilling under vacuum, the moisture in sample is frozen into ice crystal Frozen samples are placed in low pressure of the steam partial pressure lower than the triple point pressure of water while maintaining frozen state by body In, ice crystal directly distils as gas.While distillation, along with a large amount of desorption, the water in product can remove Point, free water make to leave a large amount of hole in product due to the distillation of ice crystal, cause freeze-drying after dry solids include Countless micro-pores.During ice crystal lyophilization, the important component of substance is retained and shapes.Therefore the shape of dry product Shape and the wet shape of frozen state are consistent, simultaneously as drying process carries out at low temperature, the extent of the destruction of sample It is smaller, its original state can be kept to greatest extent.(2) the lyophilization stage is the critical stage of product freeze-drying.It is rising As the progress of distillation, moisture and energy are reduced simultaneously during China is dry, the rate of sublimation for keeping product certain will be supplied Heat is at the drying regime of " at the uniform velocity distilling ".But this heat must be controlled, and cannot increase product because of heating Temperature causes the shape to form product and color to change, influences presentation quality.Barometry be can use to determine The temperature of product when distillation.After this process, need to extend the time of 30min-1h, to guarantee no remaining ice.(3) it rises After drying, there are also the not frozen water in part not to exclude for China, when the growth reproduction for reaching certain content just and be microorganism and Certain chemical reactions provide condition.The purpose of redrying is further to remove low temperature in product, do not have still in primary drying The part moisture that can be distilled with ice crystal, improves the storage stability of product, extends its storage life.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that the sample biggest advantage after drying bu sublimation Be sample form it is constant, color is constant, dehydration, weight loss, convenient for the later period save fix, be convenient for observation of students.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is production method process of the invention.

Specific embodiment

Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawing.

With reference to Fig. 1, choose the complete shrimp crab sample of three-dimensional-structure, and prawn crab sample is cleaned up, then to its into Essence of serving a round of liquor to the guests submerges lethal processing, wherein alcohol can also the moisture in initial absorption sample observed with facilitating post-recorded and taking pictures Sample structure form, and its color is recorded, while photographing to record to it, in order to be compareed with later period finished product, will pre-process Shrimp crab sample be placed in freeze drying box, sample is freezed, it is about relevant temperature that the sample under holding freezing state, which is put into vacuum degree, Under saturated vapour pressure 1/2-1/4, steam partial pressure is lower than the triple point pressure of water, and the temperature for controlling heating keeps it " even Speed distillation ", wherein control point temperature is measured with barometry.After carrying out first sublimation process, exclusion is not eliminated Moisture needs to carry out secondary distillation, further removes low temperature in product, fails the partial moisture of distillation in primary drying.

The present invention, to realize the freeze-drying to sample, enables sample by carrying out certain artificial treatment to sample The looks of script are kept, and can long-term preservation.

Protection scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to embodiment of above, and protection scope of the present invention is with claims Subject to, replacement, deformation, the improvement that those skilled in the art that any pair of this technology is made is readily apparent that each fall within of the invention Protection scope.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of Shrimp waste aquatic livestock is freeze-dried sample preparation method, choosing figure, normally preferable shrimp crab is marked to make This, it is characterised in that: (1) is by shrimp crab freezing processing, it is therefore an objective to fixed shrimp crab product, convenient for distilling under vacuum, sample In moisture be frozen into ice crystal, while maintaining frozen state, frozen samples are placed in steam partial pressure lower than water In the low pressure of triple point pressure, ice crystal directly distils as gas.While distillation, along with a large amount of desorption, It can remove moisture, the free water in product, due to the distillation of ice crystal, make to leave a large amount of hole in product, cause to be lyophilized Dry solids afterwards include countless micro-pores.During ice crystal lyophilization, the important component of substance is retained And it shapes.Therefore the shape of dry product and the wet shape of frozen state are consistent, simultaneously as drying process be at low temperature into Capable, the extent of the destruction of sample is smaller, can keep its original state to greatest extent.(2) the lyophilization stage is product freezing Dry critical stage.With the progress of distillation during lyophilization, moisture and energy are reduced simultaneously, keep product one Fixed rate of sublimation will supply heat, be at the drying regime of " at the uniform velocity distilling ".But this heat must be controlled, cannot Increase the temperature of product because of heating, causes the shape to form product and color to change, influence presentation quality.It can benefit With barometry come the temperature of product when determining distillation.After this process, need to extend the time of 30min-1h, to guarantee There is no remaining ice.(3) after lyophilization, there are also part, frozen water is not excluded, is when reaching certain content just The growth reproduction of microorganism and certain chemical reactions provide condition.The purpose of redrying is low temperature in further removal product , in primary drying still could not with ice crystal distil part moisture, improve the storage stability of product, extend its preservation Phase.