CN110432188B - Seawater domestication method for rainbow trout - Google Patents
Seawater domestication method for rainbow trout Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110432188B CN110432188B CN201910500915.1A CN201910500915A CN110432188B CN 110432188 B CN110432188 B CN 110432188B CN 201910500915 A CN201910500915 A CN 201910500915A CN 110432188 B CN110432188 B CN 110432188B
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- rainbow trout
- seawater
- salinity
- day
- fingerlings
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 241001327682 Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000277275 Oncorhynchus mykiss Species 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000026487 Triploidy Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009261 transgenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001617 migratory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000277331 Salmonidae Species 0.000 description 8
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000277263 Salmo Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003653 coastal water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
Abstract
A seawater domestication method for rainbow trout is characterized in that artificial supplementary lighting is utilized to prolong illumination before the rainbow trout is cultured in the sea, large-sized fingerlings cultured in fresh water are changed to a salt-tolerant direction physiologically, and then seawater domestication is carried out in a salinity two-step transition mode. Because the mariculture rainbow trout has the advantages of fish quality, no land occupation, fresh water conservation, easy obtainment of fries and the like, people begin to mariculture the rainbow trout, but if the operation is improper, large-size rainbow trout fingerlings cultured in the fresh water can cause great damage to the fish in the process of domestication into the sea, and even die in a large scale. The method has small damage to the rainbow trout domesticated by the seawater and is simple and convenient to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture and ocean resource development, and particularly relates to a method for domesticating freshwater cultured rainbow trout fingerlings into seawater for culture, which can be used for increasing the culture species of seawater fishes and supporting the culture development of deep sea fishes.
Background
The yield of freshwater aquaculture salmon and trout fish in China is 4.4 ten thousand tons, and the freshwater aquaculture salmon and trout fish are mainly rainbow trout, but the yield of seawater aquaculture salmon and trout fish is very low. In recent years, as the method for breeding the salmon and the trout by using the yellow sea cold water mass is implemented, China pays attention to the development of the seawater breeding of the salmon and the trout, and meanwhile, the salmon and the trout bred in the yellow sea cold water mass sea area also become a breakthrough from the seawater breeding of China to the deep open sea.
In consideration of the advantages of easy acquisition of fry, fish quality, no land occupation, fresh water saving and the like of the mariculture rainbow trout, people begin to mariculture the rainbow trout, but if the operation is not proper, a large amount of injuries and even large-scale death situations can occur in the process of domesticating large-size rainbow trout fingerlings cultivated in fresh water into the sea, so that the scientific salinity domestication technology becomes one of the key technologies in the production process of the mariculture rainbow trout.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a seawater domestication method for rainbow trout, which overcomes the defect that the rainbow trout fingerlings which are cultured in fresh water are difficult to be safely domesticated into seawater for culture in the prior art.
A seawater domestication method for rainbow trout is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that when the specification of the rainbow trout fingerlings cultivated in fresh water reaches 150g or the total length of the rainbow trout fingerlings reaches 23cm and the specification of the rainbow trout fingerlings does not exceed a sea entering window period (400 g) to the maximum extent, a long-illumination cultivation mode for manual light supplement is started within 1 week, namely manual light supplement is performed when people advance every day and sunset; supplementing light for 1 hour in the first day, and then prolonging the artificial light supplementation for 1 hour every day to ensure that the total illumination time of the aquaculture water body reaches 18 hours in one week;
continuously culturing for 4 weeks, wherein the culture water body adopts a lighting period of 18 hours of light and 6 hours of darkness every day;
thirdly, directly transferring the cultured rainbow trout fingerlings into brackish water with salinity of about 14 +/-2, stopping feeding, and temporarily culturing for 1 day;
fourthly, increasing the salinity of the domesticated water body at a speed of increasing the salinity by 3 per thousand every day until the salinity of the domesticated water body is the same as that of the aquaculture water body in the region; stopping feeding the feed in the period;
fifthly, temporarily culturing for 2 days at the salinity of the culture water body in the area, and then transferring to seawater for culture.
The rainbow trout comprises a landseal rainbow trout, a migration rainbow trout and triploid, hologynic and transgenic individuals of the rainbow trout and the migration rainbow trout.
The device used in the artificial light supplementing long illumination culture mode in the step (1) can be a white light LED lamp arranged at a position not more than 2m away from the culture water surface, and the power is 0.30W/m2；
Sea entry or silvering of salmon and trout is related to photoperiod, salinity, temperature, specification (age), etc. Under the culture condition, the salmon and the trout reaching a certain specification (age) can be induced to adapt to the seawater environment in advance by artificially adjusting the illumination period and the salinity.
The rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon are different in salinity adaptability, the latter can directly enter seawater from fresh water after reaching a certain specification, and the rainbow trout can enter the sea after being gradually changed to adapt to seawater salinity physiologically by adopting an environment control technology besides reaching a certain specification.
The seawater domestication method of the rainbow trout utilizes artificial supplementary lighting to prolong illumination before entering the sea, so that large-sized fingerlings cultured in fresh water are physiologically changed to a salt-tolerant direction, and then adopts a salinity two-step transition mode to carry out seawater domestication. The method has the advantages of small damage to cultured fishes, simple and convenient operation and the like, and is an urgent technology for the development of seawater culture to deep open sea.
Detailed Description
By taking the example that the oncorhynchus mykiss fingerlings are bred in a fresh water pond in a near-Ying mountain area and salinity acclimation is carried out in a sunshine seaside pond, the application steps of the method are described as follows:
firstly, starting white light LED lamps arranged above a culture water surface and 2m up and down when the specification of a oncorhynchus mykiss fingerling bred in fresh water in a near-Ying mountain area reaches about 150g (the whole body length is about 23 cm) from early winter to next spring, wherein the power is 0.30W/m2。
The 1 st week of two, open the LED lamp before the sunset, increase artifical light filling 1 hour on the 1 st day, later prolong artifical light filling 1 hour left and right every day, 6 or 7 days later, aquaculture water body illumination cycle reaches 18L: and 6D, namely the duration of the sun illumination and the manual supplementary lighting reaches 18 hours every day.
The third step is 18L: the Oncorhynchus Mykiss fingerlings are cultured for 4 weeks in a 6D illumination period.
And fourthly, directly transporting the cultured Oncorhynchus Mykiss fingerlings to a sunshine seaside salinity domestication water pool by using a live fish transport vehicle, wherein the salinity of the water pool is about 15, and stopping eating and temporarily culturing for 1 day.
And fifthly, if the water temperature of the fish transport vehicle is greatly different from the water temperature of the domestication pool, slowly adjusting the water temperature of the fish transport vehicle to be close to the water temperature of the domestication pool in advance, or adjusting the water temperature of the domestication pool to be close to the water temperature of the fish transport vehicle in advance.
Sixthly, increasing the salinity of the domesticated water pool at a speed of increasing the salinity by 3 per mill every day until the salinity of the domesticated water pool is the same as that of the domesticated water body in the area, and stopping feeding the feed.
And rearing for 2 days at seawater salinity, and culturing in seawater.
And if the difference between the water temperature of the domestication water tank and the water temperature of the coastal water is large, slowly adjusting the water temperature of the domestication water tank to be close to the water temperature of the coastal culture water body in advance.
Claims (3)
1. A seawater domestication method for rainbow trout is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that when the specification of the rainbow trout fingerlings cultivated in fresh water reaches 150g or the total length of the rainbow trout fingerlings reaches 23cm and the specification of the rainbow trout fingerlings does not exceed a sea entering window period (400 g) to the maximum extent, a long-illumination cultivation mode for manual light supplement is started within 1 week, namely manual light supplement is performed when people advance every day and sunset; supplementing light for 1 hour in the first day, and then prolonging the artificial light supplementation for 1 hour every day to ensure that the total illumination time of the aquaculture water body reaches 18 hours in one week;
continuously culturing for 4 weeks, wherein the culture water body adopts a lighting period of 18 hours of light and 6 hours of darkness every day;
thirdly, directly transferring the cultured rainbow trout fingerlings into brackish water with salinity of 14 +/-2, stopping feeding, and temporarily culturing for 1 day;
fourthly, increasing the salinity of the domesticated water body at a speed of increasing the salinity by 3 per thousand every day until the salinity of the domesticated water body is the same as that of the aquaculture water body in the region; stopping feeding the feed in the period;
fifthly, temporarily culturing for 2 days at the salinity of the culture water body in the area, and then transferring to seawater for culture.
2. The seawater acclimation method for rainbow trout according to claim 1, wherein the rainbow trout comprises a land-sealed rainbow trout and a migratory rainbow trout and triploid, hologynic and transgenic individuals thereof.
3. The seawater acclimation method for rainbow trout as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device used in the artificial light supplement long illumination aquaculture mode of step (1) is a white light LED lamp disposed at a distance of not more than 2m from the aquaculture water surface and having a power of 0.30W/m2。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910500915.1A CN110432188B (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2019-06-11 | Seawater domestication method for rainbow trout |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910500915.1A CN110432188B (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2019-06-11 | Seawater domestication method for rainbow trout |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110432188A CN110432188A (en) | 2019-11-12 |
| CN110432188B true CN110432188B (en) | 2022-07-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910500915.1A Active CN110432188B (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2019-06-11 | Seawater domestication method for rainbow trout |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110432188B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113100127B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-03-22 | 中国海洋大学 | Photochromic and photochromic intensive control method for industrial aquaculture of rainbow trout |
| CN113287549A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-08-24 | 山东康科润海洋科技有限公司 | Sea-lowering domestication cultivation method for freshwater aquaculture silver salmon seeds |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100979406B1 (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2010-09-01 | 전라남도 | Sea water acclimation and culture method of rainbow trout and salmon |
| CN104115775A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-10-29 | 山东东方海洋科技股份有限公司 | Migratory Atlantic salmon factory-like artificial breeding method |
| CN104756923A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-08 | 大连市水产研究所 | Seawater domestication method of hybrid fry of Huso dauricus and Acipenser baerii |
| CN106577369A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2017-04-26 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for breeding large-size trout in offshore manner in sea area in temperate zone |
| CN108902566A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-11-30 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of rainbow trout culturing feed and its application |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20180023497A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-07 | 주식회사 제이 엔 에스 텍 | Method of short term accommodate to sea-water from fresh-water in rainbow trout |
-
2019
- 2019-06-11 CN CN201910500915.1A patent/CN110432188B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100979406B1 (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2010-09-01 | 전라남도 | Sea water acclimation and culture method of rainbow trout and salmon |
| CN104115775A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-10-29 | 山东东方海洋科技股份有限公司 | Migratory Atlantic salmon factory-like artificial breeding method |
| CN104756923A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-08 | 大连市水产研究所 | Seawater domestication method of hybrid fry of Huso dauricus and Acipenser baerii |
| CN106577369A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2017-04-26 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for breeding large-size trout in offshore manner in sea area in temperate zone |
| CN108902566A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-11-30 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of rainbow trout culturing feed and its application |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 放养规格对银化期大西洋鲑生长的影响及生理响应机理;张墨等;《农业工程学报》;20160308(第05期);221-227 * |
| 海水驯化对虹鳟鳃、肌肉和肝脏磷脂脂肪酸组成的影响;刘骋跃等;《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》;20181015(第11期);36-44 * |
| 银化期间盐度刺激对太平洋银鲑鱼苗致死率及生长速度的影响;王先平等;《河北渔业》;20181120(第11期);15-16+31 * |
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| CN110432188A (en) | 2019-11-12 |
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