CN110431997B - Side-span excitation type berry harvester - Google Patents
Side-span excitation type berry harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN110431997B CN110431997B CN201910817831.0A CN201910817831A CN110431997B CN 110431997 B CN110431997 B CN 110431997B CN 201910817831 A CN201910817831 A CN 201910817831A CN 110431997 B CN110431997 B CN 110431997B
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- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 191
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000002624 Mespilus germanica Species 0.000 abstract description 25
- 235000017784 Mespilus germanica Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 24
- 235000000560 Mimusops elengi Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 20
- 235000007837 Vangueria infausta Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 244000241872 Lycium chinense Species 0.000 description 17
- 235000015468 Lycium chinense Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000345998 Calamus manan Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012950 rattan cane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021022 fresh fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D46/00—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs
- A01D46/26—Devices for shaking trees or shrubs; Fruit catching devices to be used therewith
- A01D46/264—Devices for beating or vibrating the foliage; Fruit catching devices to be used therewith
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
- Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
Abstract
The technology provides a side-span excitation type berry harvester, which can be used for laterally hanging a plurality of sets of excitation devices, is mainly used for mechanically and continuously harvesting medlar, and has adjustable height and amplitude of the excitation devices so as to meet the requirement of high-efficiency continuous harvesting of fruits of berry fruit trees with different heights and different row distances, and can complete berry harvesting of two rows of berry fruit trees in one harvesting operation; including setting up the frame on running gear, set up a pair of support baffle of laying relatively in the frame through supporting the vertical removal of baffle mobile device, set up the main excitation frame on supporting the baffle along running gear's lateral shifting through excitation frame mobile device, can dismantle the vice excitation frame that sets up in main excitation frame outside, set up the excitation brush of middle part indent in main excitation frame and vice excitation frame through vibration device up-and-down vibration, set up the main fruit collection case on running gear, set up the vice fruit collection case that is used for temporarily accomodating the berry below vice excitation frame, can dismantle the conveyor that sets up in running gear both sides and be used for accepting and carry the berry to main fruit collection case.
Description
Technical Field
The technology relates to the technical field of agriculture and forestry machinery, and provides a side-span excitation type berry harvesting machine, which can be used for laterally hanging a plurality of sets of excitation devices for mechanically and continuously harvesting fruits of dwarf closely planted berry trees, and is mainly used for mechanically and continuously harvesting medlar, the height and the amplitude of the excitation devices are adjustable so as to meet the requirement of high-efficiency continuous harvesting of fruits of berry trees with different heights and different row pitches, and one-time harvesting operation can be completed for harvesting berries of two rows of berry trees.
Background
Along with the continuous progress of scientific technology, the value of berries such as medlar and the like is continuously explored, the effects of medlar polysaccharide rich in medlar on the aspects of antioxidation, anti-aging, anti-fatigue and the like are further proved, the market demand and the planting area of medlar are gradually enlarged, and medlar products have also formed large-scale industrialization with the characteristics of medlar.
However, the fresh wolfberry fruit has strong seasonality, especially the fresh wolfberry fruit is picked, the festival nature is strong, the picking period is short, the traditional manual picking is carried out in the mature wolfberry fruit harvesting season by consuming a great deal of manpower, and the development of the wolfberry fruit industry is greatly restricted by a great deal of labor force demand and the traditional manual picking mode.
There are also modes of operation in which harvesting machinery is used to harvest wolfberry. The fruit tree has a plurality of disordered and soft fruit-bearing branches except the trunk, the whole plant is in a drum shape with the middle protruding outwards, the fruit-bearing branches are close to the vertical ground, great difficulty is brought to harvesting, fresh fruit peel is thin and tender, the fruit yield is easily affected by external force operation damage, and the improvement of the fruit yield is particularly important while the picking efficiency is ensured during mechanized picking.
The existing medlar harvester mainly comprises an air suction type and an excitation type.
The air suction type medlar harvester is characterized in that air in a suction pipe is pumped out by a fan to generate negative pressure in the suction pipe, so that fruits are adsorbed. However, the air flow pressure is inconvenient to control during the implementation, and the phenomenon of fruit damage caused by incorrect harvest is easy to occur.
The vibration-excited wolfberry harvester is characterized in that mechanical vibration generated by a certain vibration excitation device acts on fruit branches on a walking device to cause the fruit branches to vibrate so as to accelerate movement, and when the acting force applied to the fruit branches is greater than the binding force between the fruit and the fruit branches, the fruit (pedicel) is broken at the fragile part connected with plants, so that the separation process is completed. In the harvesting process, exciting force acts on the crowns, so that the method is suitable for harvesting rattan fruits, the short densely planted Chinese wolfberry fruit branches are messy and soft and are similar to rattan forest fruits, and the vibration harvesting mode is suitable for harvesting the short densely planted Chinese wolfberry fruit fruits. In addition, because of the stronger mechanical vibration generated by the vibration excitation type medlar harvester, the vibration excitation device and the traveling device are required to be connected with stronger reliability.
The large-scale dwarf closely planted fruit picking machine at home and abroad generally adopts a portal type and inverted U-shaped design, the picking machine frame is arranged at the upper end of a plant, the two sides of the plant are collected, and the plant is collected by a land part. Portal picking machines such as application numbers 201610080517.5 and 201711020323.7 are large in size and high in height, and are inconvenient to transport; the vibration excitation device is fixed in height and has poor suitability for medlar plants with height change; the harvesting breadth (harvesting breadth) of the whole machine is fixed, and the adaptability to the medlar orchard with variable row spacing is poor; the whole machine is provided with one or two vibration excitation devices, one-side harvesting of one or two rows of medlar trees can be finished only in one operation, and the harvesting efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose is to provide a side-span shock excitation type berry harvester, which can be used for laterally hanging a plurality of sets of shock excitation devices for mechanically and continuously harvesting fruits of dwarf closely planted berry trees, and is mainly used for mechanically and continuously harvesting medlar, the height and the amplitude of the shock excitation devices can be adjusted to meet the requirement of high-efficiency continuous harvesting of fruits of berry trees with different heights and different row distances, and the berry harvesting of two rows of berry trees can be completed by one-time harvesting operation.
The aim of the technology is realized by the following technical scheme:
a side-span excitation type berry harvesting machine comprises a running gear, an engine, a generator and a wheel driving motor, wherein the engine is arranged on the running gear; the device comprises a walking device, a main vibration excitation frame, a secondary vibration excitation frame, a main fruit collection box, a secondary fruit collection box and a conveying device, wherein the walking device is arranged on the walking device, the main vibration excitation frame is arranged on the main vibration excitation frame in a horizontal moving mode along the walking device, the secondary vibration excitation frame is arranged on the outer side of the main vibration excitation frame in a detachable mode, the vibration excitation brushes are arranged in the main vibration excitation frame and the secondary vibration frame in a vertical vibrating mode through the vibration excitation device, the middle of the vibration brushes are concave in the main vibration excitation frame and the secondary vibration frame, the main fruit collection box is arranged on the walking device, the secondary fruit collection box is arranged below the secondary vibration frame and used for temporarily accommodating berries, and the conveying device is arranged on two sides of the walking device in a detachable mode and used for receiving and conveying the berries to the main fruit collection box;
the support guide plate moving device comprises a sliding table which is arranged in the frame in a moving way through a guide rail sliding block pair, and a support guide plate fixedly connected to the sliding table;
the excitation frame moving device comprises an electric push rod which is fixedly connected with the supporting guide plate, transversely arranged and electrically connected with the generator; the outer end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with a main excitation frame;
the vibration excitation device comprises a crank block mechanism driven by a vibration excitation motor which is arranged on a beam of the main vibration excitation frame and a beam of the auxiliary vibration excitation frame and is electrically connected with the generator, and a vibration excitation shaft which is arranged in the main vibration excitation frame and the auxiliary vibration excitation frame and is driven by the crank block mechanism to vibrate up and down;
the vibration brush comprises a plurality of picking plates which are uniformly distributed on the vibration shaft along the axial direction of the vibration shaft, a plurality of vibration excitation rods which are uniformly distributed on the picking plates along the circumferential direction of the picking plates, and the lengths from the vibration excitation rods on the picking plates positioned at the end part of the vibration shaft to the vibration excitation rods on the picking plates positioned at the middle part of the vibration shaft are gradually reduced;
the conveying device comprises a conveying device bracket detachably arranged on the travelling device, a conveying belt movably arranged on the conveying device bracket, and baffles arranged on two sides of the conveying device bracket and used for receiving berries and guiding the berries to the conveying belt; the top end of the conveying device is positioned above the upper opening of the main fruit collecting box.
The beneficial effects of the technology are as follows:
when the side-span excitation type berry harvesting machine is used for berry harvesting operation:
the auxiliary vibration excitation frame is arranged at the outer side of the main vibration excitation frame, and in fact, two vibration brushes are respectively arranged at two sides of the travelling device; conveying devices are arranged at two sides of the walking device;
starting an engine and a generator, and driving a running gear to face to berry fruit trees by a wheel driving motor;
according to the height of the crown of the berry fruit tree, the supporting guide plate moves vertically in the rack along with the sliding table of the supporting guide plate moving device to drive the main excitation frame and the auxiliary excitation frame to synchronously move so as to adapt to the height of the crown of the berry fruit tree; according to the row spacing of the berry fruit trees, the supporting guide plate extends outwards or retracts along with the actuating rod of the electric push rod of the excitation frame moving device to drive the main excitation frame and the auxiliary excitation frame to synchronously move so as to adapt to the row spacing of the berry fruit trees; the adjustment of the height and the distance of the supporting guide plates is in fact provided for two sets of vibration brushes which are concave in the middle of the same side of the travelling device to simultaneously harvest two sides of a row of berry trees, and four sets of vibration brushes on two sides of the travelling device to simultaneously harvest two sides of two rows of berry trees, namely, the travelling device can travel in sequence to simultaneously harvest two rows of berry trees;
the running gear walks between the berry fruit tree row, start the exciting motor to drive the crank-slider mechanism, crank-slider mechanism drive exciting shaft in main exciting rack and auxiliary exciting rack to vibrate up and down, exciting rod of the exciting brush apply exciting force to berry branch, when the exciting force is greater than the combining force of berry and berry branch, the berry (pedicel) breaks in the fragile place of connection with berry branch, berry and berry branch separate and drop;
berries falling through the exciting brush arranged in the main exciting frame are excited to flow onto a conveying belt and a baffle plate of the conveying device, the berries falling onto the baffle plate are guided onto the conveying belt by the baffle plate, and the berries fall onto a main fruit collecting box from the upper part of the conveying device through the conveying belt to be stored; berries which are excited by the exciting brush arranged in the auxiliary exciting frame and fall onto the baffle are guided to the auxiliary fruit collecting box by the baffle to be temporarily stored.
The side-span vibration excitation type berry harvesting machine can be used for laterally hanging a plurality of sets of vibration excitation devices for mechanically and continuously harvesting fruits of dwarf densely planted berry fruit trees, is mainly used for mechanically and continuously harvesting medlar, and when berry harvesting operation is carried out, a main vibration excitation frame and an auxiliary vibration excitation frame which are positioned at two sides of a travelling device span the berry fruit trees, the height and the amplitude of the vibration excitation devices are adjustable so as to meet the requirement of high-efficiency continuous harvesting of fruits of berry fruit trees with different heights and different line distances, and berry harvesting of two rows of berry fruit trees can be completed by one-time harvesting operation.
The side-span excitation type berry harvesting machine comprises a support guide plate moving device, a guide rail bracket fixedly connected in a frame, a sliding table guide rail fixedly connected in the guide rail bracket, a sliding table driving device arranged in the frame and a sliding table forming a guide rail sliding block pair with the sliding table guide rail are driven to move and arranged on the sliding table guide rail, and a sliding table connecting hole is formed in the sliding table and used for arranging the support guide plate.
The side-span excitation type berry harvesting machine comprises a sliding table driving device, a lifting motor and a lifting motor, wherein the lifting motor is electrically connected with a generator and drives a screw rod which is rotatably arranged on a guide rail bracket, and the sliding table forming a screw rod nut pair with the screw rod is movably arranged on the screw rod; vibration-receiving grooves are concavely formed in two sides of the guide rail support, vibration-receiving bosses are convexly arranged on the sliding table, and the vibration-receiving bosses are movably arranged in the vibration-receiving grooves.
According to the side-span excitation type berry harvesting machine, the screw-nut pair is adopted to drive the sliding table to vertically move on the sliding table guide rail, on one hand, the accurate transmission performance of the screw-nut pair is adopted, the sliding table is adjusted to any target height, and on the other hand, the self-locking performance of the screw-nut pair is adopted, and the sliding table is locked at any target height; the vibration-bearing grooves are concavely formed in the two sides of the guide rail support, the vibration-bearing bosses are convexly arranged on the sliding table, and the vibration-bearing bosses are movably arranged in the vibration-bearing grooves.
The side-span vibration excitation type berry harvester comprises a main vibration frame, a secondary vibration frame, a vibration motor, a vibration device, a vibration shaft, a guide rail, a vibration shaft, a vibration device and a vibration device, wherein the vibration frame is longitudinally fixedly connected to the main vibration frame and the secondary vibration frame along a cross beam, the guide rail is vertically fixedly arranged on the vibration frame, the vibration motor arranged on the vibration frame drives the vibration frame to rotate an eccentric disc arranged on the vibration frame, the upper end of the eccentric disc is hinged to a connecting rod on the eccentric disc through a radial aligning groove arranged on the eccentric disc, the lower end of the connecting rod and the guide rail form a sliding block of a guide rail sliding block pair, and the upper end of the sliding rod and the sliding block are fixedly connected to move the vibration shaft arranged in the main vibration frame and the secondary vibration frame.
The connecting rod is hinged on the eccentric disc through the aligning groove, so that the distance from the hinge point of the connecting rod and the eccentric disc to the rotating axis of the eccentric disc can be conveniently adjusted, namely the length of a crank of the crank-connecting rod mechanism is adjusted, namely the amplitude of the excitation shaft is adjusted.
The side-span excitation type berry harvesting machine comprises a conveying device, a conveying motor, a driving sprocket, a driving roller, a driven roller, a conveying belt, a driving roller, a conveying device support, a motor, a driving sprocket, a driving roller, a driven roller, a driving roller and a conveying belt, wherein the conveying motor is arranged in the conveying device support and electrically connected with the motor, the driving sprocket is arranged in the conveying device support in a rotating mode, the driving roller is arranged on the upper portion of the conveying device support in a driving mode, the driven roller is arranged at the bending transition position of the lower end of the conveying device support and the conveying device support in a rotating mode, and the conveying belt is arranged on the driving roller and the driven roller in a moving mode.
Foretell side is striden excitation formula berry harvester, conveyor still is used for adjusting the take-up pulley of conveyer belt rate of tension including rotating the setting below conveyer support transition department of bending, and the equipartition has the shelves strip that is used for blockking the berry gliding on the conveyer belt.
The side-span excitation type berry harvester is characterized in that a baffle plate positioned at the front side of the conveying device bracket is provided with a guide plate for conveying vertical branches into an excitation brush, and the guide plate is inclined downwards from the conveying device bracket to the front end of the travelling device; two universal wheels are arranged at the bottoms of the conveying device and the auxiliary fruit collecting box.
The side-span vibration excitation type berry harvester is characterized in that ten picking plates are arranged on one vibration excitation shaft, the lengths of vibration excitation rods on the picking plates at two ends are 100-520 mm, the lengths of vibration excitation rods on two picking plates at the middle part are 100-420 mm, and the lengths of vibration excitation rods on the picking plates between the picking plates at the end part and the middle part are 100-370 mm.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a side-span excitation berry harvester;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a side-span shock berry harvester with a secondary shock frame removed;
fig. 3 is a partial schematic view of a side-cross-excitation berry harvester;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view angle 1 of the excitation device and the excitation brush;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view angle 2 of the excitation device and excitation brush;
FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view angle 1 of the conveyor;
fig. 8 is a partially schematic view 2 of the conveyor.
Detailed Description
The technology is further described below by taking medlar harvesting as an example with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1-4, a side-span excitation berry harvester includes a wheeled precursor running gear 18, a diesel engine 17 disposed on the running gear 18, a tank 172 for supplying oil to the diesel engine 17, a generator (not shown) driven by the diesel generator 17, and a wheel drive motor 171 electrically connected to the running gear 18 for driving the running gear; the device comprises a walking device 18, a frame 1 arranged on the walking device 18, a pair of supporting guide plates 20 which are arranged in the frame 1 in a relative mode through vertical movement of the supporting guide plate moving device, a main vibration excitation frame 21 arranged on the supporting guide plates 20 through transverse movement of the vibration excitation frame moving device along the walking device 18, a secondary vibration excitation frame 22 which is detachably arranged on the outer side of the main vibration excitation frame 21, a vibration excitation brush 23 which is arranged in the main vibration excitation frame 21 and the secondary vibration frame 22 in a concave mode through up-down vibration of the vibration excitation device, a main fruit collection box 15 arranged on the top of the walking device 18 and provided with an opening, a secondary fruit collection box 24 arranged below the secondary vibration excitation frame 22 and used for temporarily accommodating berries, and conveying devices which are detachably arranged on two sides of the walking device 18 and used for accommodating and conveying berries to the main fruit collection box 15.
Referring to fig. 5 to 8, the main structures of the main excitation frame 21 and the auxiliary excitation frame 22 are the same, and are frame structures, including a cross beam 211 and an L-shaped bracket 212 fixedly connected to the end of the cross beam 211, and linear bearings 214 are provided on bottom beams 213 of the cross beam 211 and the L-shaped bracket 212 to provide sliding support for the excitation shaft 5 (the L-shaped bracket 212 of the auxiliary excitation frame 22 is not shown in the drawing). The cross beam 211 of the main excitation frame 21 and the auxiliary excitation frame 22 is provided with a hanging device for detaching the auxiliary excitation frame 22 on the main excitation frame 21, the hanging device can be a rib plate connecting scheme for detaching the main excitation frame 21 and the auxiliary excitation frame 22 by using bolts through connecting ribs, or a slot is fixedly arranged on the cross beam of the main excitation frame 21, and the cross beam of the auxiliary excitation frame 22 is detachably arranged in the slot and uses a pin shaft to realize the positioning of the auxiliary excitation frame 22 on the main excitation frame 21. The technical solution of the auxiliary excitation frame 22 detachably disposed on the main excitation frame 21 is the prior art, and will not be described again.
The support guide plate moving device comprises a sliding table 192 arranged in the frame 1 through a guide rail sliding block pair, and a support guide plate 20 fixedly connected to the sliding table 192.
In specific implementation, the supporting guide plate moving device further comprises a guide rail bracket 25 fixedly connected in the frame 1, a sliding table guide rail 103 fixedly connected in the guide rail bracket 25, a sliding table 192 forming a guide rail sliding block pair with the sliding table guide rail 103 is driven by a sliding table driving device arranged in the frame 1 to move and arranged on the sliding table guide rail 103, and a sliding table connecting hole 195 is formed in the sliding table 192 for arranging the supporting guide plate 20. The sliding table driving device comprises a screw rod 191 which is arranged on the guide rail bracket 25 and is driven by a lifting motor 19 which is electrically connected with the guide rail bracket 25 to rotate, and a sliding table 192 which forms a screw rod nut pair with the screw rod 191 is movably arranged on the screw rod 191; vibration receiving grooves 104 are concavely formed in the front side and the rear side of the guide rail bracket 25, vibration receiving bosses 105 are convexly arranged on the sliding table 192, and the vibration receiving bosses 105 are movably arranged in the vibration receiving grooves 104.
The excitation frame moving device comprises an electric push rod 102 which is fixedly connected to the supporting guide plate 20, transversely arranged and electrically connected with the generator; the main excitation frame 21 is fixedly connected to the actuating rod 106 of the electric push rod 102. The electric putter 102 is a prior art, and is not described in detail.
The excitation device comprises a crank block mechanism driven by an excitation motor 2 which is arranged on a beam 211 of a main excitation frame 21 and a secondary excitation frame 22 and is electrically connected with the beam, and an excitation shaft 502 which is arranged in the main excitation frame 21 and the secondary excitation frame 22 and is driven by the crank block mechanism to vibrate up and down.
In specific implementation, the vibration excitation device further comprises a vibration excitation frame 101 longitudinally fixedly connected to the cross beams of the main vibration excitation frame 21 and the auxiliary vibration excitation frame 22 along the cross beam 211, a guide rail 8 vertically fixedly arranged on the vibration excitation frame 101, the vibration excitation motor 2 arranged on the vibration excitation frame 101 drives and rotates an eccentric disc 4 arranged on the vibration excitation frame 101, the upper end of the vibration excitation device is hinged to a connecting rod 6 on the eccentric disc 4 through a radial aligning groove 402 formed in the eccentric disc 4 by using an eccentric pin shaft 401, a sliding block 9 of a guide rail sliding block pair is formed by the lower end of the connecting rod 6 and the guide rail 8, and the upper end of the vibration excitation shaft 5 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 9 to move in a linear bearing 214 of the main vibration excitation frame 21 and the auxiliary vibration excitation frame 22. In the illustration, a connecting piece 7 is fixedly connected on a sliding block 9, the lower end of a connecting rod 6 is hinged with the connecting piece 7, and an excitation shaft is fixedly connected on the connecting piece 7.
In the drawing, a main shaft 27 of the excitation motor 2 is hinged with an eccentric disc main shaft 28 through a plum coupling 3, the eccentric disc 4 is fixedly connected with the eccentric disc main shaft 28, and a bearing (not shown in the drawing) embedded in a bearing seat 29 fixedly connected with an excitation frame 101 provides rotation support for the eccentric disc main shaft 28.
The vibration brush 23 comprises a plurality of picking plates 501 uniformly distributed on the vibration shaft 5 along the axial direction of the vibration shaft 5, and a plurality of vibration rods 502 uniformly distributed on the picking plates 501 along the circumferential direction of the picking plates 501, wherein the lengths of the vibration rods 502 on the picking plates 501 positioned at the end part of the vibration shaft 5 to the vibration rods 502 on the picking plates 501 positioned in the middle part of the vibration shaft 5 are gradually reduced to be close to the outline of the crowns of berry fruit trees.
In this case, ten picking plates 501 are provided on one excitation shaft 5, the lengths of the excitation rods 502 on the picking plates 501 at both ends are 100mm to 520mm (in the drawing, two groups of excitation rods 502 with the specification are taken to have the length of 500 mm), the lengths of the excitation rods on the two picking plates at the middle are 100mm to 420mm (in the drawing, two groups of excitation rods 502 with the specification are taken to have the length of 400 mm), and the lengths of the excitation rods on the picking plates between the picking plates at the end and the middle are 100mm to 370mm (in the drawing, the excitation rods 502 with the specification are taken to have six groups of meters up and down, and the length of the excitation rods 502 with the specification is taken to be 350 mm).
The conveying device comprises a conveying device bracket 26 detachably arranged on the travelling device 18, a conveying belt 14 arranged on the conveying device bracket 26 is moved, baffles 16 arranged on two sides of the conveying device bracket 26 and used for receiving berries and guiding the berries to the conveying belt 14, the baffles 16 positioned on the front side of the conveying device bracket 26 are obliquely upwards from the front side of the conveying device bracket 26 to the front part of the travelling device 18, and the baffles 16 positioned on the rear side of the conveying device bracket 26 are obliquely upwards from the rear side of the conveying device bracket 26 to the rear part of the travelling device 18; the top end of the conveying device is positioned above the upper opening of the main fruit collecting box 15.
In specific implementation, the conveying device further comprises a driving sprocket 11 which is driven by a conveying motor 12 which is arranged in the conveying device support 26 and is electrically connected with the generator, the driving sprocket 11 is arranged in the conveying device support 26 in a rotating mode, the driving sprocket 11 drives the driving roller 13 which is arranged at the upper portion of the conveying device support 26 in a rotating mode through chain transmission, a driven roller 131 which is arranged at the lower end of the conveying device support 26 and at the bending transition position of the conveying device support 26 is in a rotating mode, and the conveying belt 14 which is arranged on the driving roller 13 and the driven roller 131 is moved.
The conveying device further comprises a tensioning wheel 133 which is rotatably arranged below the bending transition part of the conveying device support 26 and used for adjusting the tension of the conveying belt 14, and baffle strips 134 used for blocking berries from sliding downwards are uniformly distributed on the conveying belt 14.
A guide plate 161 for feeding vertical (including nearly vertical) branches into the vibration brushes is provided on the baffle 16 located on the front side of the conveyor support 26, the guide plate 161 being inclined downward from the conveyor support 26 to the front end of the travelling device 18; two universal wheels 132 are mounted on the conveyor support 26 of the conveyor and on the bottom of the secondary fruit collection bin 24.
The conveyor support 26 has a space frame structure, and is formed by bending a planar frame at the middle-upper part, and the bent conveyor support 26 has an upwardly arched space frame structure.
The top end of the conveying device support 26 is provided with a sprocket transmission device, specifically, the top end of the conveying device support 26 is transversely provided with a conveying motor 12 along the conveying device support 26, power output by the conveying motor 12 is transmitted to a sprocket shaft 31 through a plum coupling 3 after being decelerated by a planetary gear reducer 201, a driving sprocket 11 is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the sprocket shaft 31, and a bearing (not shown in the figure) embedded in a bearing support fixedly arranged on the conveying device support 26 provides rotation support for the sprocket shaft 31.
The gap between the chain wheel transmission device and the driving roller 13 is a fruit discharging port 30, and berries conveyed by the conveying belt 14 are discharged to the main fruit collecting box 15 through the fruit discharging port 30.
When the side-span excitation type berry harvester is used for medlar harvesting operation:
the auxiliary vibration excitation frame is arranged at the outer side of the main vibration excitation frame, and in fact, two vibration brushes are respectively arranged at two sides of the travelling device; conveying devices are arranged at two sides of the walking device;
starting a diesel engine and a generator, and driving a running gear to face the medlar tree by a wheel driving motor;
according to the height of the crown of the fruit tree, the supporting guide plate moves vertically in the frame along with the sliding table of the supporting guide plate moving device to drive the main vibration excitation frame and the auxiliary vibration excitation frame to synchronously move so as to adapt to the height of the crown of the berry fruit tree; according to the row spacing of the medlar tree, the supporting guide plate extends outwards or retracts along with the actuating rod of the electric push rod of the vibration excitation frame moving device to drive the main vibration excitation frame and the auxiliary vibration excitation frame to synchronously move so as to be suitable for the row spacing of the medlar tree; the height and the distance between the supporting guide plates are adjusted, so that conditions are created for two sets of vibration brushes with the middle part concave on the same side of the travelling device to simultaneously harvest two sides of a row of Chinese wolfberry fruit trees, four sets of vibration brushes on two sides of the travelling device to simultaneously harvest two sides of two rows of Chinese wolfberry fruit trees, namely, the travelling device can travel in sequence to simultaneously harvest two rows of Chinese wolfberry fruit trees;
the travelling device walks among berry fruit tree rows, and the guide plate sends the vertical branches into the vibration brush;
starting an excitation motor to drive a crank slide block mechanism, wherein the crank slide block mechanism drives an excitation shaft to vibrate up and down in a main excitation frame and an auxiliary excitation frame, an excitation rod of an excitation brush applies excitation force to a Chinese wolfberry branch, when the excitation force is larger than the binding force between the Chinese wolfberry and the Chinese wolfberry branch, the Chinese wolfberry (pedicel) breaks at a fragile part connected with the Chinese wolfberry branch, and the Chinese wolfberry and the berry branch are separated and fall;
the medlar falling through the vibration excitation of the vibration excitation brush arranged in the main vibration excitation frame is guided to the conveying belt and the baffle plate of the conveying device, the medlar falling to the baffle plate is guided to the conveying belt by the baffle plate, and the medlar falls to the main fruit collecting box through the fruit outlet at the upper part of the conveying device for storage; berries which are excited by the exciting brush arranged in the auxiliary exciting frame and fall onto the baffle are guided to the auxiliary fruit collecting box by the baffle to be temporarily stored.
The beneficial effects of the technology are as follows:
the side-span vibration excitation type berry harvesting machine can be used for laterally hanging a plurality of sets of vibration excitation devices for mechanically and continuously harvesting fruits of dwarf densely planted berry fruit trees, is mainly used for mechanically and continuously harvesting medlar, and when berry harvesting operation is carried out, a main vibration excitation frame and an auxiliary vibration excitation frame which are positioned at two sides of a travelling device span the berry fruit trees, the height and the amplitude of the vibration excitation devices are adjustable so as to meet the requirement of high-efficiency continuous harvesting of fruits of berry fruit trees with different heights and different line distances, and berry harvesting of two rows of berry fruit trees can be completed by one-time harvesting operation.
Claims (5)
1. The side-span vibration excitation type berry harvesting machine comprises a running gear, an engine, a generator, a wheel driving motor, a frame, a pair of support guide plates, a main vibration frame, an auxiliary vibration frame, a vibration brush, a main fruit collecting box and a conveying device, wherein the engine is arranged on the running gear;
the support guide plate moving device comprises a sliding table which is arranged in the frame in a moving way through a guide rail sliding block pair, and a support guide plate fixedly connected to the sliding table;
the excitation frame moving device comprises an electric push rod which is fixedly connected with the supporting guide plate, transversely arranged and electrically connected with the generator; the outer end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with a main excitation frame;
the vibration excitation device comprises a crank block mechanism driven by a vibration excitation motor which is arranged on a beam of the main vibration excitation frame and a beam of the auxiliary vibration excitation frame and is electrically connected with the generator, and a vibration excitation shaft which is arranged in the main vibration excitation frame and the auxiliary vibration excitation frame and is driven by the crank block mechanism to vibrate up and down;
the vibration brush comprises a plurality of picking plates which are uniformly distributed on the vibration shaft along the axial direction of the vibration shaft, a plurality of vibration excitation rods which are uniformly distributed on the picking plates along the circumferential direction of the picking plates, and the lengths from the vibration excitation rods on the picking plates positioned at the end part of the vibration shaft to the vibration excitation rods on the picking plates positioned at the middle part of the vibration shaft are gradually reduced;
the conveying device comprises a conveying device bracket detachably arranged on the travelling device, a conveying belt movably arranged on the conveying device bracket, and baffles arranged on two sides of the conveying device bracket and used for receiving berries and guiding the berries to the conveying belt; the top end of the conveying device is positioned above the upper opening of the main fruit collection box;
the support guide plate moving device also comprises a guide rail bracket fixedly connected in the frame, a sliding table guide rail fixedly connected in the guide rail bracket, a sliding table driving device arranged in the frame drives the sliding table forming a guide rail sliding block pair with the sliding table guide rail to move and is arranged on the sliding table guide rail, and a sliding table connecting hole is formed in the sliding table for arranging the support guide plate;
the sliding table driving device comprises a lead screw which is electrically connected with the lifting motor to drive the lead screw to rotate and is arranged on the guide rail bracket, and a sliding table which forms a lead screw nut pair with the lead screw is movably arranged on the lead screw; vibration-receiving grooves are concavely formed in two sides of the guide rail support, vibration-receiving bosses are convexly arranged on the sliding table, and the vibration-receiving bosses are movably arranged in the vibration-receiving grooves;
the vibration excitation device further comprises a vibration excitation frame longitudinally fixedly connected to the main vibration excitation frame and the auxiliary vibration excitation frame, a guide rail vertically fixedly arranged on the vibration excitation frame, an eccentric disc arranged on the vibration excitation frame is driven by a vibration excitation motor arranged on the vibration excitation frame to rotate, the upper end of the vibration excitation frame is hinged to a connecting rod on the eccentric disc through a radial aligning groove arranged on the eccentric disc, the lower end of the connecting rod is hinged to a sliding block of a guide rail sliding block pair formed by the guide rail and the guide rail, and the upper end of the vibration excitation frame is fixedly connected with the sliding block to move a vibration excitation shaft arranged in the main vibration excitation frame and the auxiliary vibration excitation frame.
2. The side-span excitation berry harvester of claim 1, wherein the conveyor further comprises a drive sprocket rotatably disposed in the conveyor frame driven by a conveyor motor disposed in the conveyor frame and electrically connected to the conveyor frame, a drive roller rotatably disposed in an upper portion of the conveyor frame driven by the drive sprocket, a driven roller rotatably disposed at a lower end of the conveyor frame and at a bending transition of the conveyor frame, and a conveyor belt disposed on the drive roller and the driven roller.
3. The side-span excitation berry harvester of claim 2, wherein the conveyor further comprises a tensioning wheel rotatably arranged below the bending transition of the conveyor support and used for adjusting the tension of a conveyor belt, and baffle strips used for blocking berry sliding down are uniformly distributed on the conveyor belt.
4. The side-span excitation type berry harvester as set forth in claim 2, wherein a guide plate for feeding the vertically-grounded branches into the excitation brush is provided on a baffle plate located at the front side of the conveyor support, and the guide plate is inclined downward from the conveyor support to the front end of the traveling device; two universal wheels are arranged at the bottoms of the conveying device and the auxiliary fruit collecting box.
5. The side-span vibration type berry harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein ten picking plates are arranged on one vibration shaft, the lengths of the vibration rods on the picking plates at two ends are 100-520 mm, the lengths of the vibration rods on the two picking plates at the middle part are 100-420 mm, and the lengths of the vibration rods on the picking plates between the picking plates at the end part and the middle part are 100-370 mm.
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| CN201910817831.0A CN110431997B (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2019-08-30 | Side-span excitation type berry harvester |
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| CN201910817831.0A CN110431997B (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2019-08-30 | Side-span excitation type berry harvester |
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| CN110431997A CN110431997A (en) | 2019-11-12 |
| CN110431997B true CN110431997B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111133893B (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2024-05-24 | 南京林业大学 | Kiwi fruit harvesting device |
| CN113207438B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2023-05-02 | 哈尔滨伊富仕浆果设备有限公司 | Pulse strength and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester |
| CN114271106A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-04-05 | 铁建重工新疆有限公司 | Inertial vibration fruit-seedling separating device |
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| CN210432435U (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2020-05-01 | 南京林业大学 | Lateral-span excitation type berry picking machine |
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| US7748205B2 (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2010-07-06 | Maa, Llc | Harvesting machine and method of harvesting pomegranates and citrus |
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| FR2556926A1 (en) * | 1983-12-23 | 1985-06-28 | Vserossiisky Inst Vinogradar | Grape harvester |
| CN205848033U (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2017-01-04 | 郭志忠 | Formula of bestirring flexibility Fructus Lycii combine |
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