CN104996075B - Small-size multi-functional green leaf class vegetable harvesting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a small multifunctional green leaf vegetable harvester, which is composed of a frame, a picking device, a transmission device, a conveying device and a collecting device. Power source, the drive spindle is connected with the picking device through the transmission device, the picking device is installed at the front end of the frame, the picking device includes a cutter and a reeling device, the cutter is located under the reeling device, the The reeling device is directly connected to the transmission device, the cutter is connected to the transmission device through a cutter driving mechanism, the conveying device is installed in the middle of the frame, the transmission device is connected to the conveying device, and the collecting device is installed on the frame tail end and below the end of the transmission. The machine designed by the invention has the advantages of high degree of mechanization, convenient operation, low cost, time-saving and labor-saving, high picking efficiency, no damage to vegetables, long service life, and easy popularization and application.

Description

A small multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester

technical field

The invention relates to a harvesting device in the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a small multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester.

Background technique

In vegetable production operations, harvesting is the most labor-intensive and time-consuming part of the operation. According to statistics, the average harvesting operation accounts for more than 40% of the entire production operation, and in order to ensure the quality of vegetables, it must be harvested in a timely manner. With the aging of the population and the reduction of agricultural labor force, the cost of agricultural production is also increasing accordingly. This will greatly reduce the market competitiveness of the product. It is of great significance to develop advanced mechanized harvesting technology and research and develop vegetable harvesting machines.

Vegetables are divided into fruit vegetables, leafy vegetables, and bulbs. Different types have different harvesting conditions. For green leafy vegetables, the current harvest of green leafy vegetables such as water spinach is still done manually, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and labor-efficient. With the increase of domestic labor costs, it is the current objective demand to adopt mechanized or semi-mechanized harvesting. However, due to the fact that green leafy vegetables are easily broken and have different growth heights, it is very difficult to mechanized harvesting of green leafy vegetables. Therefore, it is necessary to develop green leafy vegetables. Harvesting machines were developed to increase production efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a small multifunctional green leaf vegetable harvester, which has the advantages of high degree of mechanization, convenient operation, low cost, time-saving and labor-saving, high picking efficiency, vegetables are not easy to damage, long service life, easy Advantages of promotion and application.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows: a small multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester is composed of a frame, a picking device, a transmission device, a conveying device and a collecting device. Import the power source for vegetable harvesting, the drive spindle is connected with the picking device through the transmission device, the picking device is installed at the front end of the frame, the picking device includes a cutter and a reeling device, and the cutter is located at the rear of the reeling device Below, the reeling device is directly connected to the transmission device, the cutter is connected to the transmission device through a cutter driving mechanism, the conveying device is installed in the middle of the frame, the transmission device is connected to the conveying device, and the collecting device is installed At the end of the frame and below the end of the transmission.

Further, the frame includes a main frame, a support frame and a harvesting support, one side of the main frame is provided with a traction device, the support frame is installed at the tail of the main frame, and a walking wheel is installed at the bottom of the support frame, The harvesting support is installed on the front end of the main frame.

Further, both the cutter and the reeling device are installed on the cutting frame, wherein the reeling device is mounted on the top of the cutting frame.

Further, the reeling device includes a reeling shaft, a roller plate and a paddle. There are two roll plates, the cross section of which is in the shape of a positive five-pointed star, and the two roll plates are arranged in parallel. The top angles are connected to form a roller structure, and the reeling shaft passes through two roller plates, and the reeling shaft drives the roller plates to rotate.

Further, the cutter drive mechanism includes an eccentric wheel, a drive link, a pull rod, a transmission link and a cutting assembly drive seat, the eccentric wheel is connected with a pulley O on the transmission device, and the drive link passes through an eccentric wheel The sleeve is connected with the eccentric wheel, one end of the pull rod is connected with the driving connecting rod through a movable joint, and the other end is connected with the transmission connecting rod.

Further, the driving seat of the cutting assembly includes a driving base, an intermediate connecting rod, a restraining bracket, a shift fork, a rocker and a cutter driving rod, the driving base is fixed on the harvesting bracket, the intermediate connecting rod, the restraining bracket and The driving rods of the cutter are all installed on the driving base. There are two constraining brackets. The upper end of the constraining bracket can rotate freely. The shift fork is movably fixed on a restraint bracket, and one end of the restraint bracket is connected with the transmission connecting rod through a movable shaft, and the other end is flexibly connected with the middle connecting rod through a movable shaft, and one end of the rocker is installed on the The other end of the other constraint bracket is connected to the cutter driving rod, and the middle part of the rocker is movably connected to the middle link through a movable shaft, so that the rocker can move around the constraint bracket as the axis under the push of the middle link. Rotate, and then push the cutter drive rod to move.

Further, the cutter drive rod includes a chute, a slider and a knife cutter pull rod, the slider is set in the chute, the knife cutter pull rod is set on the slider and connected with the cutter, the slider The rotary center axis of a rocker is connected with the cutter, and the rocker drives the slider to slide in the chute.

Further, the transmission device includes five groups of transmission chains, that is, the first group of transmission chains, the second group of transmission chains, the third group of transmission chains, the fourth group of transmission chains and the fifth group of transmission chains, the first group of transmission chains chain, the second group of transmission chains and the third group of transmission chains are installed on one side of the frame, the fourth group of transmission chains and the fifth group of transmission chains are installed on the other side of the frame, wherein the first group of transmission chains One end is connected to the reel shaft, the other end is connected to the second group of transmission chains, the second group of transmission chains is connected to the third group of transmission chains, the third group of transmission chains is connected to the fourth group of transmission chains through the drive shaft, and the fourth group of transmission chains The chain is connected with the fifth group of transmission chains, and the fifth group of transmission chains is connected with the cutter through the cutter driving mechanism.

Further, the conveying device includes a conveyor belt driving shaft, a conveyor belt driven shaft and a transmission belt, the conveyor belt driving shaft is installed on the top of the main frame, the conveyor belt driven shaft is installed on the bottom end of the harvesting support, and the conveyor belt It is sleeved between the driving shaft of the conveyor belt and the driven shaft of the conveyor belt.

Further, the driving shaft of the conveyor belt and the driving main shaft adopt a coaxial structure.

Compared with the prior art, the power of the present invention is transmitted from the external tractor to the drive main shaft, and then the drive main shaft is divided into two ways to use chain transmission for power transmission: the first way drives the rotation of the reeling device, and the second way drives the eccentric wheel to connect The rod mechanism finally drives the reciprocating motion of the knife rod to realize the harvesting of vegetables. The machine designed by the invention has high degree of mechanization, convenient operation, low cost, saves time and effort, has high picking efficiency, is not easy to damage vegetables, has a long service life, and is easy to popularize application advantages.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the front view of small-sized multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the top view of small-sized multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural representation of reeling device shown in accompanying drawing 2;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the structural representation of cutter driving mechanism shown in accompanying drawing 2;

Accompanying drawing 5 is the connection structure schematic diagram of eccentric wheel and transmission device;

Accompanying drawing 6 is the structural representation of cutter driving rod shown in accompanying drawing 4;

Accompanying drawing 7 is the three-dimensional view of the small multifunctional green leafy vegetables harvester of the present invention.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. In the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a small multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester is used for harvesting vegetables, especially green leafy vegetables such as spinach, which consists of a frame 1, a picking device 2, a transmission device 3, a conveying device 4 and The collection device 5 is composed of a drive main shaft 14 installed on the frame 1, the drive main shaft 14 is used to import the power source for vegetable harvesting, the drive main shaft 14 is connected with the picking device 2 through the transmission device 3, and the picking device 2 is installed on the machine. The front end of the frame 1, the conveying device 4 is installed in the middle of the frame 1, the transmission device 3 is composed of several chains 301 and pulleys 302, the transmission device 3 is connected with the conveying device 4, and the collection device 5 is installed on the frame 1 The tail end is located below the transmission device 3 end.

Described frame 1 is used for providing the carrier that installs other parts, and frame 1 is made of stainless steel or other metal materials, and frame 1 is frame structure, and frame 1 comprises main frame 11, support frame 12 and harvesting support 13, One side of the main frame 11 is provided with a traction device 16, the overall frame 1 can be connected with the side of the tractor by the traction device 16, thereby driving the harvester to walk, the driving main shaft 14 is installed on the top of the main frame 11, and the support Frame 12 is installed in the afterbody of main frame 11, and bracing frame 12 is used for carrying and placing collecting device 5, and the bottom end of bracing frame 12 is equipped with a walking wheel 15, can assist the walking of frame 1 by walking wheel 15; Described harvesting support 13 Installed on the front end of main frame 11, harvesting support 13 is used for picking device 2; Among the present invention, power source adopts Dongfanghong-180P tractor, and power is 14.7kW, and power output shaft speed n=540r/min, by tractor by tractor 16 drives the frame 1 to walk and is connected with the driving main shaft 14 by the diesel engine of the tractor to drive the picking device 2 to carry out vegetable picking work.

Described picking device 2 is used for cutting vegetables to realize harvesting, and picking device 2 comprises cutter 21 and reeling device 22, and described cutter 21 and reeling device 22 are all installed on the cutting support 13, and wherein reeling device 22 is installed At the top of the cutting support 13, the cutter 21 is positioned under the reeling device 22, and the cutter 21 is a reciprocating cutter, and the reciprocating cutter adopts common equipment on the market, and its structure is no longer described here; 22 is connected with the transmission device 3, and the reeling device 22 is driven to rotate by the transmission device 3. As shown in Figure 3, the reeling device 22 includes a reeling shaft 221, a roller plate 222 and a paddle 223, and the roller plate 222 There are two roller plates 222 with a cross-section in the shape of a positive five-pointed star. The two roller plates 222 are arranged in parallel. The plectrum 223 connects the corners of the two roller plates 222 to form a roller structure. The reeling shaft 221 passes through the two The roller plate 222 is driven by the reel rotating shaft 221 to rotate. When rotating, the plectrum 223 presses the stems of the vegetables downward, thereby facilitating the cutting by the cutter 21; the cutter 21 passes through a cutter driving mechanism 23 Connect with transmission device 3, as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, described cutter drive mechanism 23 comprises eccentric wheel 231, drive link 232, pull rod 233, drive link 234 and cutting assembly drive seat 235, described eccentric wheel 231 is connected with the pulley 302 on the transmission device 3, the drive link 232 is connected with the eccentric wheel 231 through an eccentric wheel sleeve 2311, one end of the pull rod 233 is connected with the drive link 232 through a movable joint 2331, and the other end is connected with the drive link The rod 234 is connected, and the transmission connecting rod 234 is in the shape of "I", and the transmission connecting rod 234 is movably connected with the cutting assembly driving seat 235.

The cutting assembly driving seat 235 includes a driving base 2351, an intermediate connecting rod 2352, a constraint bracket 2353, a shift fork 2354, a rocking bar 2355 and a cutter driving rod 2356, and the driving base 2351 is fixed on the harvesting support 13, and the middle The connecting rod 2352, the restraining bracket 2353 and the cutter driving rod 2356 are all installed on the driving base 2351. There are two restraining brackets 2353, and the upper end of the restraining bracket 2353 can rotate freely. The middle connecting rod 2352 is in the shape of "I" , and is installed on the driving base 2351 through a sliding device (not shown), so that the intermediate link 2352 can slide on the driving base 2351, and the shift fork 2354 is movably fixed on a constraining bracket 2353, and with One end of the constraint bracket 2353 is connected to the transmission link 234 through a movable shaft, and the other end is flexibly connected to the middle link 2352 through a movable shaft. One end of the rocker 2355 is installed on the top of another constraint bracket 2353, and the other end It is connected with the cutter driving rod 2356, and the middle part of the rocking rod 2355 is movably connected with the intermediate connecting rod 2352 through a movable rotating shaft, so that the rocking rod 2355 can be rotated around the constraint bracket 2353 under the push of the intermediate connecting rod 2352, and then Push the cutter drive rod 2356 to move; as shown in Figure 6, the cutter drive rod 2356 includes a chute 23561, a slider 23562 and a knife cutter pull bar 23563, the slider 23562 is arranged in the chute 23561, and the cutter cuts The tool pull rod 23563 is arranged on the slider 23562 and connected with the cutter 21, and the moving blade of the cutter 21 is driven by the tool cutter pull rod 23563, and the slider 23562 is connected with the cutter 21 through a rocker rotation center shaft 23564, The slide block 23562 is driven to slide in the slide groove 23561 by the rocking rod 2355 .

When in use, the eccentric wheel 231 connected to the pulley 301 of the transmission device 3 rotates under the action of the chain transmission, driving the driving connecting rod 232 to periodically swing, and then driving the pull rod 233 to reciprocate and expand, so that the driving connecting rod 234 pulls The shift fork 2354 swings, and the shift fork 2354 is connected with the rocker 2355 through the middle link 2352, so the rocker 2355 produces a rocking motion, which drives the drive slider 23562 to reciprocate along the chute 23561, and finally pulls the knife cutting assembly through the knife cutter pull rod 23563 Produces a transverse shearing action, allowing the vegetables to be cut.

Described transmission device 3 is used for transmitting power, and as shown in Figure 2 again, described transmission device 3 comprises five groups of transmission chains, namely the first group of transmission chains 31, the second group of transmission chains 32, the third group of transmission chains 33, The fourth group of transmission chains 34 and the fifth group of transmission chains 35, the first group of transmission chains 31, the second group of transmission chains 32, and the third group of transmission chains 33 are installed on one side of the frame 1, and the fourth group of transmission chains 34 and the fifth group of transmission chains 35 are installed on the other side of the frame 1, wherein, one end of the first group of transmission chains 31 is connected with the reel shaft 221, and the other end is connected with the second group of transmission chains 32, and the second group The transmission chain 32 is connected with the third group of transmission chains 33, the third group of transmission chains 33 is connected with the fourth group of transmission chains 34 through the drive spindle 14, the fourth group of transmission chains 34 is connected with the fifth group of transmission chains 35, and the fifth group of transmission The chain 35 is connected with the cutter 21 through the cutter driving mechanism 23, and the power is transmitted from the tractor to the driving main shaft 14, and then the driving main shaft 14 is divided into two ways to use chain transmission for power transmission: the first way passes through a group of transmission chains 31, the second The first group of transmission chains 32 and the third group of transmission chains 33 drive the rotation of the reeling device 22, and the second road passes through the fourth group of transmission chains 34 and the fifth group of transmission chains 35 to drive the cutter drive mechanism 23 and finally drive the cutting machine. The reciprocating motion of the device 21; further, the structure of the five groups of transmission chains is the same, which can be realized by means of pulleys and belts, or by a combination of chains and gears. In the present invention, for good power transmission of activities , as shown in FIG. 5 , it is preferably realized by a combination of a chain 301 and a pulley 302 .

Described delivery device 4 is used for delivering harvested vegetables, and as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 7 again, delivery device 4 comprises conveyor belt driving shaft 41, conveyor belt driven shaft 42 and conveyor belt 43, and described conveyor belt driving shaft 41 is installed on the top of main frame 11, and conveyer belt driven shaft 42 is installed in the bottom end of harvesting support 13, and conveyer belt 43 is sleeved between conveyer belt driving shaft 41 and conveyer belt driven shaft 42 and is used for conveying the conveying belt of harvesting. Furthermore, the drive shaft 41 of the conveyor belt can be connected with the drive main shaft 14 by means of gears, etc., or a coaxial structure can be adopted. In order to further simplify the structure, in the present invention, a coaxial structure is preferably adopted.

The collection device 5 is used to collect the harvested vegetables, and the collection device 5 is a box structure, which can be fixed on the support frame 12 by means of movable installation, so as to facilitate timely replacement.

When the harvester is working, the tractor drives the harvester forward through the traction device, and the power source is transmitted to the transmission device 3 through the driving main shaft 14, and then the driving main shaft 14 is divided into two ways to use chain transmission for power transmission: the first way passes through a group The transmission chain 31, the second group of transmission chains 32, and the third group of transmission chains 33 drive the rotation of the reeling device 22, and the vegetables are pushed to the front of the reciprocating cutter 21 for cutting through the promotion of the reeling device 22. Drive the cutter driving mechanism 23 to move after the transmission of the fourth group of transmission chains 34 and the fifth group of transmission chains 35, and the eccentric wheel 231 connected with the belt pulley 301 of the transmission device 3 rotates under the action of the chain transmission, driving the driving chain The rod 232 swings periodically, and then drives the pull rod 233 to reciprocate and expand, so that the transmission link 234 pulls the shift fork 2354 to swing, and the shift fork 2354 and the rocker 2355 are connected through the middle link 2352, so the rocker 2355 produces a swing action, driving the drive The slider 23562 reciprocates along the chute 23561, and finally pulls the knife cutting assembly through the knife cutter pull rod 23563 to produce a transverse shearing action, so that the vegetables are cut, and the cut water spinach is transported to the collection box through the conveyor belt, and unloaded in time.

The power of the present invention is transmitted from the external tractor to the drive main shaft, and then the drive main shaft is divided into two ways to use chain transmission for power transmission: the first way drives the rotation of the reeling device, the second way drives the eccentric wheel linkage mechanism and finally drives the cutter bar The reciprocating motion realizes the harvesting of vegetables. The machine designed by the invention has the advantages of high degree of mechanization, convenient operation, low cost, saving time and effort, high picking efficiency, not easy to damage vegetables, long service life, and easy popularization and application.

The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process conversion made by using the content of the description of the present invention, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, shall be The same reasoning is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A small multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester, which consists of a frame (1), a picking device (2), a transmission device (3), a conveying device (4) and a collecting device (5), characterized in that: A drive spindle (14) is installed on the frame (1), and the drive spindle (14) is used to introduce a power source for vegetable harvesting. The drive spindle (14) is connected to the picking device (2) through a transmission device (3), The picking device (2) is installed at the front end of the frame (1), and the picking device (2) includes a cutter (21) and a reeling device (22), and the cutter (21) is located at the reeling device (22) ), the reeling device (22) is directly connected to the transmission device (3), the cutter (21) is connected to the transmission device (3) through a cutter driving mechanism (23), and the conveying device (4) Installed in the middle of the frame (1), the transmission device (3) is connected to the conveying device (4), the collection device (5) is installed at the tail end of the frame (1) and is located at the end of the transmission device (3) Below, the cutter drive mechanism (23) includes an eccentric wheel (231), a drive link (232), a pull rod (233), a transmission link (234) and a cutting assembly drive seat (235), and the eccentric wheel ( 231) is connected with the pulley (302) on the transmission device (3), the drive connecting rod (232) is connected with the eccentric wheel (231) through an eccentric wheel sleeve (2311), and one end of the pull rod (233) passes through a movable joint (2331) is connected with the driving connecting rod (232), and the other end is connected with the driving connecting rod (234). The driving connecting rod (234) is in the shape of "I", and the driving connecting rod (234) is movable with the driving seat of the cutting assembly (235) connect. 2. The small multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frame (1) includes a main frame (11), a support frame (12) and a harvesting frame (13), the One side of the main frame (11) is provided with a traction device (16), the support frame (12) is installed at the tail of the main frame (11), and a walking wheel (15) is installed at the bottom of the support frame (12). Said harvesting support (13) is installed on the front end of main frame (11). 3. The small multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cutter (21) and the reeling device (22) are both installed on the cutting bracket (13), wherein the reeling device (22) is installed on the top of cutting support (13). 4. The small multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the reeling device (22) includes a reeling shaft (221), a roller plate (222) and a paddle (223 ), the roller plate (222) has two pieces, and the section of the roller plate (222) is in the shape of a positive five-pointed star. The vertices are connected to form a roller structure, and the reeling shaft (221) passes through two roller plates (222), and the roller plate (222) is driven to rotate by the reeling shaft (221). 5. The small multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cutting assembly driving seat (235) includes a driving base (2351), an intermediate connecting rod (2352), a restraining bracket (2353 ), shift fork (2354), rocker (2355) and cutter driving rod (2356), the driving base (2351) is fixed on the harvesting bracket (13), the middle link (2352), the restraining bracket (2353 ) and the cutter drive rod (2356) are installed on the drive base (2351), the constraint bracket (2353) has two, the upper end of the constraint bracket (2353) can rotate freely, the middle link (2352) is "I" shape, and installed on the drive base (2351) through a sliding device, the shift fork (2354) is movably fixed on a constraint bracket (2353), and one end of the constraint bracket (2353) is connected to the axis The transmission link (234) is connected through a movable shaft, and the other end is movably connected with the middle connecting rod (2352) through a movable shaft. One end of the rocker (2355) is installed on the top of another constraint bracket (2353), and the other end It is connected with the cutter drive rod (2356), and the middle part of the rocker (2355) is movably connected with the middle link (2352) through a movable shaft, so that the rocker (2355) can be pushed by the middle link (2352) to The constraining bracket (2353) rotates about the axis, and then pushes the cutter driving rod (2356) to move. 6. The small multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: the cutter drive rod (2356) includes a chute (23561), a slider (23562) and a knife cutter pull rod (23563 ), the slider (23562) is set in the chute (23561), the knife cutter rod (23563) is set on the slider (23562) and connected with the cutter (21), the slider (23562) passes through A rocker pivot (23564) is connected to the cutter (21), and the rocker (2355) drives the slider (23562) to slide in the chute (23561). 7. The small multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transmission device (3) includes five sets of transmission chains, that is, the first group of transmission chains (31), the second group of transmission chains (32), the third group of transmission chains (33), the fourth group of transmission chains (34) and the fifth group of transmission chains (35), the first group of transmission chains (31), the second group of transmission chains (32) , The third group of transmission chains (33) is installed on one side of the frame (1), the fourth group of transmission chains (34) and the fifth group of transmission chains (35) are installed on the other side of the frame (1), wherein , one end of the first group of transmission chains (31) is connected to the reel shaft (221), the other end is connected to the second group of transmission chains (32), and the second group of transmission chains (32) is connected to the third group of transmission chains (33 ), the third group of transmission chains (33) is connected with the fourth group of transmission chains (34) through the drive spindle (14), the fourth group of transmission chains (34) is connected with the fifth group of transmission chains (35), and the fifth group The transmission chain (35) is connected with the cutter (21) through the cutter driving mechanism (23). 8. The small multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conveying device (4) includes a conveyor belt driving shaft (41), a conveyor belt driven shaft (42) and a conveyor belt ( 43), the conveyor belt driving shaft (41) is installed on the top of the main frame (11), the conveyor belt driven shaft (42) is installed on the bottom of the harvesting bracket (13), and the conveyor belt (43) is sleeved on the conveyor Between the belt drive shaft (41) and the conveyor belt driven shaft (42). 9. The small multifunctional green leafy vegetable harvester according to claim 8, characterized in that: the conveyor belt driving shaft (41) and the driving main shaft (14) adopt a coaxial structure.