CN110368378A - 蜘蛛香素E在制备mGluR2和mGluR3受体激动剂类药物中的用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了蜘蛛香素E在制备mGluR2和mGluR3受体激动剂类药物中的用途。本发明蜘蛛香素E作用于mGluR2和mGluR3,能有效激动mGluR2和mGluR3,增加mGluR2和mGluR3受体表达水平,可用于制备mGluR2和mGluR3受体激动剂类药物;具有治疗mGluR2和mGluR3相关中枢神经系统疾病的作用,临床应用前景良好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及蜘蛛香素E的新用途,具体地,是在制备mGluR2和mGluR3 受体激动剂类药物中的用途。
背景技术
谷氨酸(glutamate,Glu)是脊椎动物中枢神经系统传导兴奋性冲动的重要神经递质,过量的释放谷氨酸可诱发神经元的严重损伤。代谢性谷氨酸受体(metabotropicglutamate receptors,mGluRs),是G蛋白偶联受体,广泛分布于大脑突触前和突触后神经元细胞以及神经胶质细胞中,分为I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ,3 种亚型。mGluR2和mGluR3属于mGluRs亚型中的第Ⅱ组,当其被激活时,能通过负反馈调节机制调控谷氨酸的释放,对神经元可塑性、兴奋性以及细胞膜离子通道功能具有广泛影响。目前研究表明激活mGluR2和mGluR3具有抗抑郁、抗焦虑的作用(Lucas SJ et a1.Selective activation of either mGlu2 or mGlu3receptors can induce LTD in the amygdala [J].Neuropharmacology,2013,66(3):196-201;Effects of a metabotropic glutamate(2/3)receptor agonist(LY544344/LY354740)on panic anxiety induced by cholecystokinin tetrapeptide in healthyhumans:preliminary results. Psychopharmacology(Berl),2005,179(1):310-315.)。
蜘蛛香,中药名,为败酱科植物蜘蛛香(ValerianajatamansiJones)的干燥根茎和根。环烯醚萜类化合物为蜘蛛香的主要化学成分,具有理气止痛、消食止泻、祛风除湿、镇静安神等功效。蜘蛛香素E属于蜘蛛香环烯醚萜类化合物,其化学结构如下:
目前尚无蜘蛛香素E在制备mGluR2和mGluR3受体激动剂类药物的相关文献报道。
发明内容
本发明的技术方案是提供了蜘蛛香素E的新用途。
本发明提供了蜘蛛香素E在制备mGluR2和mGluR3受体激动剂类药物中的用途。
其中,所述的药物是预防或治疗mGluR2和mGluR3相关中枢神经系统疾病的药物。
其中,所述的中枢神经系统疾病包括焦虑症、抑郁症。
其中,所述的蜘蛛香素E的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取蜘蛛香药材,乙醇提取,提取液浓缩,得乙醇提取物浸膏;
(2)将浸膏溶于水,依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯萃取,得到石油醚浸膏、乙酸乙酯浸膏;
(3)选取乙酸乙酯浸膏,采用硅胶柱层析分离,依次以氯仿:甲醇=100:1-1:1(v/v)为洗脱剂梯度洗脱,得Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ八个洗脱部分;
(4)取组分Ⅲ,采用硅胶柱层析分离,依次以石油醚-丙酮=30:1-1:1(v/v) 为洗脱剂梯度洗脱,根据薄层追踪,合并含有相似组分的洗脱液,得Ⅲ-A、Ⅲ-B、Ⅲ-C、Ⅲ-D、Ⅲ-E、Ⅲ-F六个洗脱部分;
(5)取组分Ⅲ-D,采用硅胶柱层析分离,依次以石油醚-丙酮=30:1-1:1 (v/v)为洗脱剂梯度洗脱,根据薄层追踪,合并含有相似组分的洗脱液,得Ⅲ-D1、Ⅲ-D2、Ⅲ-D3、Ⅲ-D4四个洗脱部分;
(6)取组分Ⅲ-D2,采用凝胶色谱柱分离,进行梯度洗脱,得Ⅲ-D2-1 及Ⅲ-D2-2两个洗脱部分;
(7)取组分Ⅲ-D2-2,采用凝胶色谱柱分离,得白色晶体;将白色晶体溶用硅胶柱层析分离,用石油醚-丙酮=5:1洗脱,重结晶,即得蜘蛛香素E。
其中,所述步骤(1)中,乙醇浓度为95%,药材与乙醇体积比为1:3,提取方式为冷浸提取;
和/或,所述步骤(2)中,石油醚与浸膏水溶液的体积比为1:2,乙酸乙酯与浸膏水溶液的体积比为1:2。
其中,所述的药物是以蜘蛛香素E为活性成分,加上药学上可接受的辅料或辅助性成分制备而成的制剂。
其中,所述的药物制剂是口服制剂。
本发明最后提供了一种制备mGluR2和mGluR3受体激动剂的药物组合物,它是由蜘蛛香素E为活性成分,加入药学上可接受的辅料或辅助性成分制备而成的制剂,优选地,所述制剂为口服制剂;所述药物是治疗焦虑症或抑郁症的药物。
本发明蜘蛛香素E作用于mGluR2和mGluR3,能有效激活mGluR2和 mGluR3,可用于制备mGluR2和mGluR3受体激动剂类药物;具有抗抑郁、抗焦虑的作用,临床应用前景良好。
显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
下面通过具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细说明,但是并不是对本发明的限制,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
附图说明
图1蜘蛛香环烯醚萜对Vero-Ga15-mGluR2细胞内钙离子有增强作用;
图2蜘蛛香素E对Vero-Ga15-mGluR2细胞内钙离子有增强作用;
图3蜘蛛香环烯醚萜对Vero-Ga15-mGluR3细胞内钙离子有增强作用;
图4蜘蛛香素E对Vero-Ga15-mGluR3细胞内钙离子有增强作用;
图5透射电子显微镜鉴定大鼠大脑皮质突触体的结构;
图6蜘蛛香素E可抑制由KCl诱发的大鼠大脑皮质突触体内钙离予浓度的升高
具体实施方式
实施例1本发明蜘蛛香素E的制备
蜘蛛香药材粗粉,蜘蛛香购于贵州遵义市药材市场。
制备方法:
(1)取蜘蛛香药材,按药材溶剂体积比1:3倍加入95%工业乙醇,室温冷浸提取4次,每次24小时,浓缩后得到的蜘蛛香的乙醇提取物总浸膏;
(2)将制得的浸膏加入适量蒸馏水使其充分混悬,后依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取,每种溶剂萃取3次,每次有机相与水相比为1:2:1;萃取得到有机相减压浓缩,分别得到石油醚部位浸膏、乙酸乙酯浸膏、正丁醇浸膏;用20cm×1.2m色谱柱,8kg柱层析硅胶湿法装柱,沉降完全后上样,选取乙酸乙酯部位,采用氯仿-甲醇梯度洗脱(氯仿:甲醇=100:1-1:1),得Ⅰ(9g)Ⅱ(56g)Ⅲ(120g)Ⅳ(102g)Ⅴ(22g)Ⅵ(22g)Ⅶ(59g)Ⅷ(112g)八个馏分;
(3)取第Ⅲ部分浸膏119g,称取180g柱层析硅胶进行拌样,经硅胶柱层析石油醚-丙酮(30:1-1:1)梯度洗脱后,TLC检识合并相同组分,得Ⅲ-A (8g)、Ⅲ-B(14g)、Ⅲ-C(21g)、Ⅲ-D(25g)、Ⅲ-E(13g)和Ⅲ-F(7g) 六段组分;
(4)取Ⅲ-D(25g)经硅胶柱层析,石油醚-丙酮(30:1-1:1)梯度洗脱后,经TLC检识、合并相同成分,得Ⅲ-D1(2.1g)、Ⅲ-D2(5.9g)、Ⅲ-D3 (3.6g)、Ⅲ-D4(4.5g)四部分馏分;
(5)取Ⅲ-D2经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析得Ⅲ-D2-1及Ⅲ-D2-2;
(6) 取Ⅲ-D2-2再经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱后,可见白色晶体;再经硅胶柱层析,石油醚-丙酮(5:1)等度洗脱后,再重结晶得到化合物蜘蛛香素E。
蜘蛛香E的鉴定:通过EI-MS、H-NMR、C-NMR、HR-ESI-MS、HR-ESI-MS 以及2D HSQC、COSY、HMBC、ROSEY图谱,及参考文献,通过SciFinder Scholar数据库检索,确定蜘蛛香素E为环烯醚萜类新结构化合物。
实施例2本发明蜘蛛香环烯醚萜类有效部位的制备
用70%乙醇蜘蛛香药材的干燥粉末进行浸提,先8倍量浸提24h,再用 6倍量浸提12h,浓缩后得到的蜘蛛香的乙醇提取物总浸膏。选用树脂D101 进行纯化,浸膏用水超声分散均匀,按比吸附量72mg/g上样,吸附流速 1BV/h,洗脱流速2BV/h,依次用6BV的水、4BV的60%乙醇和4BV的95%乙醇洗脱,收集95%乙醇洗脱液,减压回收乙醇得浸膏,40℃真空干燥,即得蜘蛛香环烯醚萜。
实施例3蜘蛛香素E作用于mGluR2和mGluR3受体的体外验证
1、材料
蜘蛛香素E、蜘蛛香环烯醚萜(采用实施例1、2的方法制备), Vero-Ga15-mGluR2细胞、Vero-Ga15-mGluR3细胞购于北京赛诺博生物技术中心;阳性药物:mGluR2和mGluR3选择性激动剂(LY354740)购于MCE 公司;L-谷氨酸钠购于阿拉丁公司;Fluo-3/AM钙离子指示剂购于碧云天公司;Hoechst染料购于上海前程生物科技有限公司;检测平台为ThermoScientificTM高内涵药物筛选系统;检测的信号为细胞内钙离子的荧光强度。
2、实验方法
2.1细胞培养
将处于对数生长期的Vero-Ga15mGluR2细胞和Vero-Ga15-mGluR3细胞接种到96孔板中,每孔接种细胞悬液的体积为100uL,每孔接种的细胞数目为2×105个,然后将96孔板置于细胞培养箱(5%的CO2、37℃)中培养24h,当细胞融合度达95%左右时,进行实验。
2.2验证实验
实验设置正常对照组(不加药物)、Glu对照组(L-谷氨酸钠浓度为10 μM)、阳性对照组(LY354740浓度为20μM),蜘蛛香素E干预组(高、中、低剂量组浓度梯度为6.8、3.4、1.7μg/mL),蜘蛛香环烯醚萜干预组(高、中、低剂量组浓度梯度为25、12、6μg/mL),加入不同浓度的各组药物。孵育24h。然后每孔加入钙离子探针0.1μL,孵育20分钟后,加入10mM Hoechst探针,染色并孵育10分钟。最后用高内涵药物筛选系统进行检测,按照说明进行操作,检测细胞内钙离子的钙离子荧光强度。
3、实验结果
本发明通过基于钙流的GPCR高通量药物筛选技术验证了蜘蛛香素E 对mGluR2和mGluR3受体的激动活性。
Vero-Ga15-mGluR2细胞和Vero-Ga15-mGluR3细胞嵌合体蛋白Ga15、 mGluR2、mGluR3。当mGluR2和mGluR3没有激活的时候,不能引起钙流变化。当mGluR2和mGluR3激活的时候,由于Ga15是含Gq蛋白亚基的蛋白嵌合体,当Ga15取代Gq蛋白亚基C末端的一些氨基酸,使得细胞同磷脂酶C(PLC)偶联,在磷脂酰肌醇代谢途径信号传递过程中产生钙信号,引起钙流变化。因此,通过检测钙流的变化可以间接反应mGluR2、mGluR3 是否被激活。
结果如图1、图2、图3、图4,图1表示蜘蛛香环烯醚萜有效部位对 Vero-Ga15-mGluR2细胞内钙离子的影响,图2表示蜘蛛香素E对 Vero-Ga15-mGluR2细胞内钙离子的影响,图3表示蜘蛛香环烯醚萜有效部位对Vero-Ga15-mGluR3细胞内钙离子的影响,图4表示蜘蛛香素E对 Vero-Ga15-mGluR3细胞内钙离子的影响。谷氨酸、阳性药、蜘蛛香素E、蜘蛛香环烯醚萜都能引起Vero-Ga15-mGluR2和Vero-Ga15-mGluR3细胞的钙流变化,对细胞内的钙离子有增强作用,都能激活mGluR2和mGluR3。因此,蜘蛛香素E可作为mGluR2和mGluR3的受体激动剂。
另外,相对于蜘蛛香环烯醚萜,蜘蛛香素E在较少的用量下就能激活 mGluR2和mGluR3,因此,蜘蛛香素E比蜘蛛香环烯醚萜的药效更加显著。
实施例4蜘蛛香素E对大脑皮质突触体内钙离子的影响
1、材料
蜘蛛香E、蜘蛛香环烯醚萜(采用实施例1、2的方法制备),LY354740 购于MCE公司。
2、实验方法
采用梯度离心法制备大鼠大脑皮质突触体,并用透射电子显微镜鉴定其结构(如图5)。然后,取突触体悬液分别5等份,分为空白对照组、阳性对照组(LY354740)、蜘蛛香素E高、中、低剂量组(蜘蛛香素E浓度分别为13.5、6.8、3.4μg/mL)、蜘蛛香环烯醚萜低、中、高剂量组(蜘蛛香环烯醚萜浓度分别为6、12、25μg/mL)。每组加入不同浓度药物的突触体悬液200μL。同时,为了使突触体去极化,在悬液中加入KCl孵育1h,孵育结束后,分别加入Fluo-3/AM钙离子荧光指示剂,置于37℃恒温振荡培养箱中,孵育30min。最后,采用流式细胞仪进行钙离子FITC(fluorescein isothiocyanate)异硫氰基荧光素来检测钙离子荧光强度。
3、实验结果
在谷氨酸释放过程中,钙离子是关键的调节因子,钙离予通过神经末稍上电压依赖性钙通道内流在神经递质释放中发挥重要作用。而且mGluR2和 mGluR3受体主要存在于大脑皮质突触体前膜上。本实验应用钙荧光指示剂 fluo-3测定突触体钙离子,观察蜘蛛香素E对Kcl刺激后神经末梢钙离子变化的影响,从而了解其对在谷氨酸释放过程的作用。Kcl刺激后,使得突触体内的钙离子含量升高,而在神经递质释放过程中,谷氨酸属于钙依赖性释放,钙离子升高,谷氨酸释放速度加快。mGluR2和mGluR3受体主要存在于突触前膜,可以负反馈调节谷氨酸的释放,从而影响钙离子的浓度的变化。
结果如图6A、6B所示,A图表示蜘蛛香环烯醚萜用药后结果,B图表示蜘蛛香素E用药后结果。纵坐标表示Fluo-3/AM荧光,图中的各实验组的峰面积代表钙离子荧光强度。和正常组比较,阳性组、蜘蛛香环烯醚萜和蜘蛛香素E组的钙离子荧光强度均减少并具有显著差异。说明蜘蛛香环烯醚萜和蜘蛛香素E均可抑制由KCl诱发的大鼠大脑皮质突触体内钙离予浓度的升高(如图6A、6B),与阳性组效果相似,提示其参与谷氨酸的释放调节,可能与突触前膜上的mGluR2和mGluR3受体有关。
综上,本发明蜘蛛香素E作用于mGluR2和mGluR3,能有效激活mGluR2 和mGluR3,增加mGluR2和mGluR3受体表达水平,可用于制备mGluR2 和mGluR3受体激动剂类药物;具有抗抑郁、抗焦虑的作用,临床应用前景良好。
Claims (8)
1.蜘蛛香素E在制备mGluR2和mGluR3受体激动剂类药物中的用途。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于:所述的药物是预防或治疗mGluR2和mGluR3相关中枢神经系统疾病的药物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用途,其特征在于:所述的中枢神经系统疾病包括焦虑症、抑郁症。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于:所述的蜘蛛香素E的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取蜘蛛香药材,乙醇提取,提取液浓缩,得乙醇提取物浸膏;
(2)将浸膏溶于水,依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯萃取,得到石油醚浸膏、乙酸乙酯浸膏;
(3)选取乙酸乙酯浸膏,采用硅胶柱层析分离,依次以氯仿:甲醇=100:1-1:1(v/v)为洗脱剂梯度洗脱,得Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ八个洗脱部分;
(4)取组分Ⅲ,采用硅胶柱层析分离,依次以石油醚-丙酮=30:1-1:1(v/v)为洗脱剂梯度洗脱,根据薄层追踪,合并含有相似组分的洗脱液,得Ⅲ-A、Ⅲ-B、Ⅲ-C、Ⅲ-D、Ⅲ-E、Ⅲ-F六个洗脱部分;
(5)取组分Ⅲ-D,采用硅胶柱层析分离,依次以石油醚-丙酮=30:1-1:1(v/v)为洗脱剂梯度洗脱,根据薄层追踪,合并含有相似组分的洗脱液,得Ⅲ-D1、Ⅲ-D2、Ⅲ-D3、Ⅲ-D4四个洗脱部分;
(6)取组分Ⅲ-D2,采用凝胶色谱柱分离,行梯度洗脱,得Ⅲ-D2-1及Ⅲ-D2-2两个洗脱部分;
(7)取组分Ⅲ-D2-2,采用凝胶色谱柱分离,得白色晶体;将白色晶体用硅胶柱层析分离,用石油醚-丙酮=5:1洗脱,重结晶,即得蜘蛛香素E。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用途,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中,乙醇浓度为95%,药材与乙醇体积比为1:3,提取方式为冷浸提取;
和/或,所述步骤(2)中,石油醚与浸膏水溶液的体积比为1:2,乙酸乙酯与浸膏水溶液的体积比为1:2。
6.根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的用途,其特征在于:所述的药物是以蜘蛛香素E为活性成分,加上药学上可接受的辅料或辅助性成分制备而成的制剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用途,其特征在于:所述的药物制剂是口服制剂。
8.一种制备mGluR2和mGluR3受体激动剂的药物组合物,其特征在于:它是由蜘蛛香素E为活性成分,加入药学上可接受的辅料或辅助性成分制备而成的制剂,优选地,所述制剂为口服制剂;所述药物是治疗焦虑症或抑郁症的药物。
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