CN110326562B - High-density cultivation method for large cladocera zooplankton - Google Patents
High-density cultivation method for large cladocera zooplankton Download PDFInfo
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- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000196317 Platymonas Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000002900 Arthrospira platensis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000196316 Tetraselmis subcordiformis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- ADHFGLVXSIGCIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazanium sulfate hydrochloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].Cl.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ADHFGLVXSIGCIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000235070 Saccharomyces Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/20—Culture of aquatic animals of zooplankton, e.g. water fleas or Rotatoria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
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- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/18—Baker's yeast; Brewer's yeast
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-density cultivation method of large-scale cladocera zooplankton, which comprises the steps of flatly paving fermented base fertilizer in a first culture tank, injecting tap water for 24 hours of aeration, starting aeration, respectively culturing baits chlorella, Platymonas subcontralis and Saccharomyces sinensis in a second culture tank, a third culture tank and a fourth culture tank, injecting tap water for 24 hours of aeration, and then adding corresponding nutrients, wherein the dissolved oxygen in the first culture tank is 4-6 mg/L in the cultivation process, the temperature is controlled at 25-28 ℃, the illumination intensity is 5000-8000 lx, the illumination time is 8-16 hours per day, the turbidity of the bait tank reaches a certain numerical value, a valve is opened to add baits, the valve is closed after the turbidity of the bait tank is reduced to a certain numerical value, harvesting is carried out after the turbidity of the first culture tank reaches a certain numerical value, and harvesting is stopped after the turbidity of the. The invention can maintain the stable growth environment of the large cladocera zooplankton so as to ensure that the large cladocera zooplankton can be stably obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-density cultivation of large cladocera zooplankton, and particularly relates to a high-density cultivation method of large cladocera zooplankton.
Background
The large cladocera zooplankton is an important component of a water body ecosystem, is a secondary producer in a biological chain, and plays an important role in maintaining the balance and stability of the water body ecosystem. The large cladocera zooplankton can eat blue-green algae in eutrophic water and floating debris, partial suspended matters and the like in the water, thereby being beneficial to reducing the eutrophication of the water and improving the transparency of the water, and meanwhile, the cladocera zooplankton is rich in nutrition and can be used as bait for fish, shrimp and other animals without any harm to the environment. The general individuals of the large cladocera zooplankton are small, the life cycle is short, and the influence of the change of the external environment is very easy to be caused. At present, the acquisition mode of the large-scale horn zooplankton mainly comprises field fishing and outdoor extensive culture, the problems of unstable yield, short continuous supply time and the like cannot ensure the stability of the quantity and the quality of the large-scale horn zooplankton. Therefore, high density cultivation in a room is a main means for solving the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to ensure the stability of the yield and the quality of the large cladocera zooplankton, the invention provides a high-density cultivation method of the large cladocera zooplankton, so as to ensure the stability of the yield and the quality of the large cladocera zooplankton.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a high-density cultivation method of large cladocera zooplankton is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a base fertilizer:
the base fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of chicken manure, 5-6 parts of pig manure, 0.5-1 part of leavening agent and 1-2 parts of straw; wherein, the chicken manure, the pig manure and the straws are measured by dry weight;
the preparation steps of the base fertilizer are as follows: weighing the raw materials in parts by weight, uniformly mixing, and hermetically stacking for 40-50 days; during the stacking period, when the central temperature rises to 60-70 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3-5 days, and then the stack is turned over once;
(2) the following three nutrients are prepared:
the nutrient of the chlorella is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19 to 21 parts of potassium nitrate, 7 to 9 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 0.8 to 1.2 parts of trace element A and VB10.05 to 0.11 part and VB120.03-0.07 part;
the spirulina nutrient is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11-13 parts of sodium nitrate, 5-7 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 15-17 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 1-3 parts of trace elements A and VB1 0.2-0.4 part of VB120.15-0.25 part;
the bread yeast nutritional agent is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9-11 parts of starch and 0.1-0.3 part of microelement B;
(3) building a culture device:
the culture device comprises a first culture pond and a support platform covering the first culture pond, wherein the support platform comprises support columns which are oppositely arranged at the left and the right, and a horizontal bedplate is arranged on each support column; a first turbidimeter is installed on a left side pillar of the support platform, a display of the first turbidimeter is installed on the left side pillar of the support platform and can measure temperature, a probe of the first turbidimeter is installed on the left side wall of the first culture tank, a dissolved oxygen meter is installed on the right side wall of the first culture tank, a micropore aeration pipe is installed at the middle lower part of the first culture tank, illumination equipment is installed above the first culture tank and is installed on the lower plane of the bedplate, a water outlet pipeline is installed at the lower part of the right side wall of the first culture tank, and a first valve is installed above the water outlet pipeline; a second culture tank, a third culture tank and a fourth culture tank are sequentially placed on the upper surface of the bedplate from left to right, a second turbidity meter, a third turbidity meter and a fourth turbidity meter are sequentially installed on the upper surface of the bedplate from left to right, a probe of the second turbidity meter is installed on the left side wall of the second culture tank, a probe of the third turbidity meter is installed on the left side wall of the third culture tank, a probe of the fourth turbidity meter is installed on the left side wall of the fourth culture tank, water outlet pipelines are installed on the lower portions of the right side walls of the second culture tank, the third culture tank and the fourth culture tank, valves are installed on the water outlet pipelines, the water outlet pipelines downwards penetrate through the bedplate and extend into the first culture tank, and stirrers are installed in the second culture tank, the third culture tank and the fourth culture tank;
(4) spreading base fertilizer on the bottom of a first culture tank, adding a nutrient of chlorella, a nutrient of Platymonas and a nutrient of Saccharomyces cerevisiae into a second culture tank, a third culture tank and a fourth culture tank respectively, adding water after 24-hour aeration into the first culture tank, the second culture tank, the third culture tank and the fourth culture tank respectively, starting stirrers in the second culture tank, the third culture tank and the fourth culture tank, and controlling the rotating speed to be 6-8 r/s;
(5) inoculation:
collecting large-scale cladocera animals by using a 120-160-mesh zooplankton collection net, putting the collected large-scale cladocera animals into a first culture pond, respectively adding chlorella and Platymonas subcontracts into a second culture pond and a third culture pond, wherein the inoculation density is 300 pieces/L, and bread yeast dry powder is added into a fourth culture pond, and the inoculation amount is 5 g/L;
(6) cultivation management:
after inoculation, periodically opening a valve according to the growth condition of the large cladocera zooplankton in the first culture pond, and discharging the mixed liquid in the second culture pond, the third culture pond and the fourth culture pond into the first culture pond; and (4) collecting the large cladocera zooplankton when the turbidity of the first culture pond reaches 20NTU, and stopping collecting after the turbidity of the first culture pond is reduced to 5 NTU.
Preferably, the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the first culture tank is controlled to be 4 mg/L-6 mg/L, and the temperature is controlled to be 25-28 ℃.
Preferably, the illumination intensity of the illumination equipment is 5000 lx-8000 lx, and the illumination time per day is 8-16 h.
Preferably, the zymocyte is EM bacteria.
Preferably, the first culture pond, the second culture pond, the third culture pond and the fourth culture pond are all made of glass with the thickness of 1 cm-2.5 cm.
Preferably, the trace elements A comprise 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of calcium chloride, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate and 0.8 part of manganese dioxide; the trace element B comprises 1.6 parts of calcium chloride, 3 parts of inositol, 0.8 part of copper sulfate and 2.5 parts of ammonium sulfate hydrochloride.
According to the high-density cultivation method for the large cladocera zooplankton, disclosed by the invention, the indoor cultivation can ensure the stability of the growth environment of the large cladocera zooplankton and the stability of the yield and the quality; the indoor culture can manually control the growth density of the bait, and ensure that the large cladocera zooplankton has enough bait; the culture system monitors parameters such as temperature and dissolved oxygen content in real time, compares the data to generate a corresponding adjustment decision, and keeps the culture pond in a range favorable for the growth of large cladocera zooplankton; aeration facilities in the culture system can ensure that the dissolved oxygen content in the culture pond is always maintained in the most suitable range for the growth of the large cladocera zooplankton so as to ensure the normal growth of the large cladocera zooplankton.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the cultivation device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1: the high-density cultivation method of large cladocera zooplankton comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of base fertilizer
The base fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of chicken manure, 5 parts of pig manure, 0.5 part of leavening agent and 1 part of straw; wherein, the chicken manure, the pig manure and the straws are measured by dry weight;
the preparation steps of the base fertilizer are as follows: weighing the raw materials in parts by weight, uniformly mixing, and hermetically stacking for 40 days; during the stacking period, when the central temperature rises to 60 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3 days, and then the stack is turned over once;
(2) preparing nutrient solution
The following three nutrients are respectively prepared:
the nutrient of the chlorella is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium nitrate: 19 parts of monopotassium phosphate: 7 parts of trace elements: 0.8 part and VB1: 0.05 part and VB12: 0.03 part;
the spirulina nutrient is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11 parts of sodium nitrate, 5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 15 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 1 part of trace element and VB10.2 part and VB120.15 part;
the bread yeast nutritional agent is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of starch and 0.1 part of trace elements;
(3) building breeding device
As shown in FIG. 1, the cultivation apparatus comprises a volume of 4m3The first culture pond 9 with the depth of 1.2m and a support platform covering the first culture pond, wherein the support platform comprises supports which are oppositely arranged at the left and the right, and horizontal bedplate is arranged on the supports; a first turbidimeter is installed on a left side pillar of the support platform, a display 11 of the first turbidimeter is installed on the left side pillar of the support platform and can measure temperature, a probe 21 of the first turbidimeter is installed on the left side wall of the first culture tank 9, a dissolved oxygen tester 7 is installed on the right side wall of the first culture tank 9, a microporous aerator pipe 6 is installed at the middle lower part of the first culture tank 9, an illumination device 5 is installed above the first culture tank 9 and is installed on the lower plane of the bedplate, a water outlet pipeline is installed at the lower part of the right side wall of the first culture tank 9, and a first valve 41 is installed on the pipeline; the upper surface of the bedplate is sequentially provided with a volume of 0.8m from left to right3A second culture tank 101, a third culture tank 102 and a fourth culture tank 103 with the depth of 0.6m, displays of a second turbidimeter 12, a third turbidimeter 13 and a fourth turbidimeter 14 are arranged at the left sides of the second culture tank 101, the third culture tank 102 and the fourth culture tank 103, each display of the turbidimeter is respectively connected with a second turbidity detecting probe 22, a third turbidity detecting probe 23 and a fourth turbidity detecting probe 24, the turbidimeters probes are respectively arranged on the left side walls of the second culture tank 101, the third culture tank 102 and the fourth culture tank 103, water outlet pipelines are respectively arranged at the lower parts of the right side walls of the second culture tank 101, the third culture tank 102 and the fourth culture tank 103, the water outlet pipelines downwards penetrate through a bedplate and extend into the first culture tank 9, stirrers 3 are respectively arranged in the second culture tank 101, the third culture tank 102 and the fourth aeration culture tank 103, 24h tap water is injected into each culture tank, the first culture pond is 0.8m in water depth, aeration is started for 6, the second culture pond 101, the third culture pond 102 and the fourth culture pond 103 are 0.4m in water depth, prepared nutrient solution is respectively added, and a stirrer is started, and the rotating speed is 6 r/s; (ii) a
(4) Placing base fertilizer into a first culture pond 9, spreading the base fertilizer on the bottom of the first culture pond with the thickness of 11cm, respectively adding 20g of a nutrient of chlorella, 25 of a nutrient of Platymonas subcontralis and 26 of a nutrient of Saccharomyces cerevisiae into a second culture pond 103, a third culture pond 102 and a fourth culture pond 101, and respectively culturing chlorella, Platymonas subcontralis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the second culture pond 101, the third culture pond 102 and the fourth culture pond 103;
(5) inoculation of
Collecting large scaffolds by using a 150-mesh zooplankton collection net, putting the scaffolds into a first culture pond 9, purchasing chlorella and Platymonas concentrated solution, adding the concentrated solution into a second culture pond 101 and a third culture pond 102, wherein the inoculation density is 300/L, and adding baker's yeast dry powder into a fourth culture pond 103, wherein the inoculation amount is 5 g/L;
(6) breeding management
After inoculation, according to the growth condition of the large cladocera zooplankton in the first culture pond 9, the second valve 42, the third valve 43 and the third valve 44 are periodically opened, and the mixed liquid in the second culture pond 101, the third culture pond 102 and the fourth culture pond 103 is discharged into the first culture pond 9; collecting the large cladocera zooplankton when the turbidity of the first culture pond 9 reaches 20NTU, and stopping collecting after the turbidity in the first culture pond is reduced to 5 NTU;
the first valve 41 of the first culture tank 9 is opened periodically to ensure that the water level of the first culture tank 9 is maintained at 0.8m, and when the first valve 41 is opened, a 160-mesh net bag is sleeved at the tail end of the water outlet pipeline to prevent the loss of large-scale cladocera zooplankton;
the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first culture pond 9 is controlled at 4mg/L, and the temperature is controlled at 25 ℃;
the illumination intensity of the illumination device 5 of the first culture pond 9 is 5000lx, and the daily illumination time is 10 h;
after the cultivation according to the above method, the macrobrachials zooplankton can be captured every 4 days. 200g of large cladocera zooplankton can be obtained each time.
Example 2: the high-density cultivation method of large cladocera zooplankton comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of base fertilizer
The base fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of chicken manure, 6 parts of pig manure, 0.8 part of leavening agent and 1.5 parts of straw; wherein, the chicken manure, the pig manure and the straws are measured by dry weight;
the preparation steps of the base fertilizer are as follows: weighing the raw materials in parts by weight, uniformly mixing, and hermetically stacking for 45 days; during the stacking period, when the central temperature rises to 65 ℃, the temperature is kept for 4 days, and then the stack is turned over once;
(2) preparing nutrient solution
The following three nutrient solutions are prepared respectively:
the nutrient solution of the chlorella is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium nitrate: 20 parts of monopotassium phosphate: 8 parts of trace elements: 1 part and VB1: 0.08 parts of VB12: 0.05 part;
the spirulina nutrient solution is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of sodium nitrate, 6 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 16 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 2 parts of trace elements and VB10.3 part and VB120.2 part;
the nutrient solution of the baker's yeast is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of starch and 0.2 part of trace elements;
(3) building breeding device
Comprising a volume of 5m3The first culture pond 9 with the depth of 1.4m and a support platform covering the first culture pond, wherein the support platform comprises supports which are oppositely arranged at the left and the right, and a horizontal bedplate is arranged on each support; a first turbidimeter is installed on a left side pillar of the support platform, a display 11 of the first turbidimeter is installed on the left side pillar of the support platform and can measure temperature, a probe 21 of the first turbidimeter is installed on the left side wall of the first culture tank 9, a dissolved oxygen tester 7 is installed on the right side wall of the first culture tank 9, a microporous aerator pipe 6 is installed at the middle lower part of the first culture tank 9, an illumination device 5 is installed above the first culture tank 9 and is installed on the lower plane of the bedplate, a water outlet pipeline is installed at the lower part of the right side wall of the first culture tank 9, and a first valve 41 is installed on the pipeline; the upper surface of the bedplate is sequentially provided with a volume of 0.8m from left to right3A second culture tank 101, a third culture tank 102 and a fourth culture tank 103 with the depth of 0.6m, displays of a second turbidity meter 12, a third turbidity meter 13 and a fourth turbidity meter 14 are arranged on the left sides of the second culture tank 101, the third culture tank 102 and the fourth culture tank 103, and displays of the turbidity meters are respectively arrangedA second turbidity detection probe 22, a third turbidity detection probe 23 and a fourth turbidity detection probe 24 are respectively connected, the turbidimeter probes are respectively installed on the left side walls of the second culture pond 101, the third culture pond 102 and the fourth culture pond 103, water outlet pipelines are respectively installed on the lower portions of the right side walls of the second culture pond 101, the third culture pond 102 and the fourth culture pond 103, the water outlet pipelines downwards penetrate through a bedplate and extend into the first culture pond 9, stirrers 3 are respectively installed in the second culture pond 103, the third culture pond 102 and the fourth culture pond 101, tap water for 24 hours of aeration is injected into each culture pond, the depth of the first culture pond is 1m, the aeration 6 is started, the depths of the second culture pond 101, the third culture pond 102 and the fourth culture pond 103 are 0.4m, prepared nutrient solutions are respectively added, the stirrers are started, and the rotating speed is 7 r/s;
(4) placing base fertilizer into a first culture pond 9, spreading the base fertilizer on the bottom of the first culture pond, wherein the thickness of the base fertilizer is 13cm, respectively adding 25g of a nutrient of chlorella, 28 of a nutrient of Platymonas subcordiformis and 30 g of a nutrient of Saccharomyces cerevisiae into a second culture pond 103, a third culture pond 102 and a fourth culture pond 101, and respectively culturing chlorella, Platymonas subcordiformis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the second culture pond 101, the third culture pond 102 and the fourth culture pond 103;
(5) inoculation of
Collecting large scaffolds by using a 150-mesh zooplankton collection net, putting the scaffolds into a first culture pond 9, purchasing chlorella and Platymonas concentrated solution, adding the concentrated solution into a second culture pond 101 and a third culture pond 102, wherein the inoculation density is 300/L, and adding baker's yeast dry powder into a fourth culture pond 103, wherein the inoculation amount is 5 g/L;
(6) breeding management
After inoculation, according to the growth condition of the large cladocera zooplankton in the first culture pond 9, the second valve 42, the third valve 43 and the third valve 44 are periodically opened, and the mixed liquid in the second culture pond 101, the third culture pond 102 and the fourth culture pond 103 is discharged into the first culture pond 9; collecting the large cladocera zooplankton when the turbidity of the first culture pond 9 reaches 20NTU, and stopping collecting after the turbidity in the first culture pond is reduced to 5 NTU;
the first valve 41 of the first culture tank 9 is opened periodically to ensure that the water level of the first culture tank 9 is maintained at 0.8m, and when the first valve 41 is opened, a 160-mesh net bag is sleeved at the tail end of the water outlet pipeline to prevent the loss of large-scale cladocera zooplankton;
the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first culture pond 9 is controlled at 5mg/L, and the temperature is controlled at 27 ℃;
the illumination intensity of the illumination device 5 of the first culture pond 9 is 6500lx, and the daily illumination time is 13 h;
after the cultivation according to the above method, the macrobrachials zooplankton can be captured every 3 days. 240g of large cladocera zooplankton can be obtained each time.
Example 3: the high-density cultivation method of large cladocera zooplankton comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of base fertilizer
The base fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of chicken manure, 6 parts of pig manure, 1 part of leavening agent and 2 parts of straw; wherein, the chicken manure, the pig manure and the straws are measured by dry weight;
the preparation steps of the base fertilizer are as follows: weighing the raw materials in parts by weight, uniformly mixing, and hermetically stacking for 50 days; during the stacking period, when the central temperature rises to 70 ℃, the temperature is kept for 5 days, and then the stack is turned over once;
(2) preparing nutrient solution
The following three nutrient solutions are prepared respectively:
the nutrient solution of the chlorella is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium nitrate: 21 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 9 parts of trace elements: 1.2 parts and VB1: 0.11 part and VB12: 0.07 part;
the spirulina nutrient solution is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 13 parts of sodium nitrate, 7 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 17 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 3 parts of trace elements and VB10.4 part and VB120.25 part;
the nutrient solution of the baker's yeast is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11 parts of starch and 0.3 part of trace elements;
(3) building breeding device
Comprising a volume of 6m3A first culture tank 9 with a depth of 1.5m and a support platform covering the first culture tankThe support platform comprises a support column which is oppositely arranged at the left and the right, and a horizontal bedplate is arranged on the support column; a first turbidimeter is installed on a left side pillar of the support platform, a display 11 of the first turbidimeter is installed on the left side pillar of the support platform and can measure temperature, a probe 21 of the first turbidimeter is installed on the left side wall of the first culture tank 9, a dissolved oxygen tester 7 is installed on the right side wall of the first culture tank 9, a microporous aerator pipe 6 is installed at the middle lower part of the first culture tank 9, an illumination device 5 is installed above the first culture tank 9 and is installed on the lower plane of the bedplate, a water outlet pipeline is installed at the lower part of the right side wall of the first culture tank 9, and a first valve 41 is installed on the pipeline; the upper surface of the bedplate is sequentially provided with a volume of 0.8m from left to right3A second culture tank 101, a third culture tank 102 and a fourth culture tank 103 with the depth of 0.6m, displays of a second turbidimeter 12, a third turbidimeter 13 and a fourth turbidimeter 14 are arranged at the left sides of the second culture tank 101, the third culture tank 102 and the fourth culture tank 103, the displays of the turbidimeters are respectively connected with a second turbidity detecting probe 22, a third turbidity detecting probe 23 and a fourth turbidity detecting probe 24, the turbidimeters are respectively arranged on the left side walls of the second culture tank, the third culture tank and the fourth culture tank, water outlet pipelines are respectively arranged at the lower parts of the right side walls of the second culture tank 101, the third culture tank 102 and the fourth culture tank 103, the water outlet pipelines downwards penetrate through a bedplate and extend into the first culture tank 9, stirrers 3 are respectively arranged in the second culture tank 101, the third culture tank 102 and the fourth culture tank 103, and tap water with the depth of 24h is injected into each culture tank, the first culture pond is 1.1m in water depth, aeration is started for 6, the second culture pond 101, the third culture pond 102 and the fourth culture pond 103 are 0.4m in water depth, prepared nutrient solution is respectively added, and a stirrer is started, and the rotating speed is 8 r/s;
(4) placing base fertilizer into a first culture pond 9, spreading the base fertilizer on the bottom of the first culture pond, wherein the thickness of the base fertilizer is 15cm, respectively adding 28g of a nutrient of chlorella, 31g of a nutrient of Platymonas subcordiformis and 35g of a nutrient of Saccharomyces cerevisiae into a second culture pond 101, a third culture pond 102 and a fourth culture pond 103, and respectively culturing chlorella, Platymonas subcordiformis and Saccharomyces subcordiformis in the second culture pond 103, the third culture pond 102 and the fourth culture pond 101;
(5) collecting large scaffolds by using a 150-mesh zooplankton collection net, putting the scaffolds into a first culture pond 9, purchasing chlorella and Platymonas concentrated solution, adding the concentrated solution into a second culture pond 101 and a third culture pond 102, wherein the inoculation density is 300/L, and adding baker's yeast dry powder into a fourth culture pond 103, wherein the inoculation amount is 5 g/L;
(6) breeding management
After inoculation, according to the growth condition of the large cladocera zooplankton in the first culture pond 9, regularly opening the second valve 42, the third valve 43 and the third valve 44, discharging the mixed liquid in the second culture pond 101, the third culture pond 102 and the fourth culture pond 103 into the first culture pond 9, collecting the large cladocera zooplankton when the turbidity of the first culture pond 9 reaches 20NTU, and stopping collecting after the turbidity in the first culture pond is reduced to 5 NTU;
the first valve 41 of the first culture tank 9 is opened periodically to ensure that the water level of the first culture tank 9 is maintained at 0.8m, and when the first valve 41 is opened, a 160-mesh net bag is sleeved at the tail end of the water outlet pipeline to prevent the loss of large-scale cladocera zooplankton;
the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first culture pond 9 is controlled at 6mg/L, and the temperature is controlled at 28 ℃;
the illumination intensity of the illumination device 5 of the first culture pond 9 was 8000lx, and the daily illumination time was 16 h.
After the cultivation according to the above method, the macrobrachials zooplankton can be captured every 2.4 days. 300g of large cladocera zooplankton can be obtained each time.
The above example results show that the cultivation according to the present invention can stably obtain macrobrachials.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are described in the specification and illustrated only for illustrating the principle of the present invention, but various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. A high-density cultivation method of large cladocera zooplankton is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a base fertilizer:
the base fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of chicken manure, 5-6 parts of pig manure, 0.5-1 part of straw and 1-2 parts of straw; wherein, the chicken manure, the pig manure and the straws are measured by dry weight;
the preparation steps of the base fertilizer are as follows: weighing the raw materials in parts by weight, uniformly mixing, and hermetically stacking for 40-50 days; during the stacking period, when the central temperature rises to 60-70 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3-5 days, and then the stack is turned over once;
(2) the following three nutrients are prepared:
the nutrient of the chlorella is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19-21 parts of potassium nitrate, 7-9 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 0.8-1.2 parts of trace element A, 10.05-1.1 parts of VB and 0.07 part of VB 120.03;
the spirulina nutrient is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11-13 parts of sodium nitrate, 5-7 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 15-17 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 1-3 parts of trace elements A, 10.2-0.4 part of VB and 120.15-0.25 part of VB;
the bread yeast nutritional agent is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9-11 parts of starch and 0.1-0.3 part of trace element B;
(3) building a culture device:
the culture device comprises a first culture pond and a support platform covering the first culture pond, wherein the support platform comprises support columns which are oppositely arranged at the left and the right, and a horizontal bedplate is arranged on each support column; a first turbidimeter is installed on a left side pillar of the support platform, a display of the first turbidimeter is installed on the left side pillar of the support platform and can measure temperature, a probe of the first turbidimeter is installed on the left side wall of the first culture tank, a dissolved oxygen meter is installed on the right side wall of the first culture tank, a micropore aeration pipe is installed at the middle lower part of the first culture tank, illumination equipment is installed above the first culture tank and is installed on the lower plane of the bedplate, a water outlet pipeline is installed at the lower part of the right side wall of the first culture tank, and a first valve is installed above the water outlet pipeline; a second culture tank, a third culture tank and a fourth culture tank are sequentially placed on the upper surface of the bedplate from left to right, a second turbidity meter, a third turbidity meter and a fourth turbidity meter are sequentially installed on the upper surface of the bedplate from left to right, a probe of the second turbidity meter is installed on the left side wall of the second culture tank, a probe of the third turbidity meter is installed on the left side wall of the third culture tank, a probe of the fourth turbidity meter is installed on the left side wall of the fourth culture tank, water outlet pipelines are installed on the lower portions of the right side walls of the second culture tank, the third culture tank and the fourth culture tank, valves are installed on the water outlet pipelines, the water outlet pipelines downwards penetrate through the bedplate and extend into the first culture tank, and stirrers are installed in the second culture tank, the third culture tank and the fourth culture tank;
(4) spreading base fertilizer on the bottom of a first culture tank, adding a nutrient of chlorella, a nutrient of Platymonas and a nutrient of Saccharomyces cerevisiae into a second culture tank, a third culture tank and a fourth culture tank respectively, adding water after 24-hour aeration into the first culture tank, the second culture tank, the third culture tank and the fourth culture tank respectively, and starting stirrers in the second culture tank, the third culture tank and the fourth culture tank at the rotating speed of 6-8 r/s;
(5) inoculation:
collecting large-scale cladocera animals by using a 120-160-mesh zooplankton collection net, putting the collected large-scale cladocera animals into a first culture pond, respectively adding chlorella and Platymonas subcordiformis concentrated solution into a second culture pond and a third culture pond, wherein the inoculation density is 300 per liter, and adding bread yeast dry powder into a fourth culture pond, wherein the inoculation amount is 5g per liter;
(6) cultivation management:
after inoculation, according to the growth condition of the large cladocera zooplankton in the first culture pond, periodically opening a valve, and discharging the mixed liquid in the second culture pond, the third culture pond and the fourth culture pond into the first culture pond; and (4) collecting the large cladocera zooplankton when the turbidity of the first culture pond reaches 20NTU, and stopping collecting after the turbidity of the first culture pond is reduced to 5 NTU.
2. The method for high-density cultivation of large cladocera zooplankton according to claim 1, wherein: the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first culture pond is controlled to be 4-6 mg/L, and the temperature is controlled to be 25-28 ℃.
3. The method for high-density cultivation of large cladocera zooplankton according to claim 1, wherein: the illumination intensity of the illumination equipment is 5000 lx-8000 lx, and the illumination time is 8-16 h per day.
4. The method for high-density cultivation of large cladocera zooplankton according to claim 1, wherein: the first culture pond, the second culture pond, the third culture pond and the fourth culture pond are all made of glass with the thickness of 1 cm-2.5 cm.
5. The method for high-density cultivation of large cladocera zooplankton according to claim 1, wherein: the trace element A comprises 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of calcium chloride, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate and 0.8 part of manganese dioxide; the trace element B comprises 1.6 parts of calcium chloride, 3 parts of inositol, 0.8 part of copper sulfate and 2.5 parts of ammonium sulfate hydrochloride; the contents of the trace elements are all calculated by dry weight.
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