CN110312539B - 药物输注装置 - Google Patents
药物输注装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110312539B CN110312539B CN201880012090.2A CN201880012090A CN110312539B CN 110312539 B CN110312539 B CN 110312539B CN 201880012090 A CN201880012090 A CN 201880012090A CN 110312539 B CN110312539 B CN 110312539B
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Abstract
提供了一种用于从流体储器提供多次注射的方法和装置。该装置包括流体控制器,用于控制从流体储器至针的流体流。致动器选择性地致动流体控制器,以从流体储器提供一定剂量的药物。流体控制器还配置成计算提供具有用于注射的所期望药物单位数的剂量所需的流体储器中的流体体积。该装置还可包括检测器,该检测器配置成检测指示针中流体压力的特征。该方法包括:在注射期间选择要分配的单位数、基于所计算的单位体积自动计算分配所选单位数所需的注射体积以及跟踪在一系列注射期间分配的总单位数。
Description
技术领域
本发明总地涉及药物的递送,特别是涉及用于药物递送的皮下注射/抽吸的系统,其提供对限定单位的皮下药物注射的受控计量和自动递送。特别地,本发明提供了一种计算、控制和监测来自皮下注射针的流体注射的装置和方法。
背景技术
注射装置和系统在医学领域中是已知的,用于为了治疗和美容目的而使用的递送或处方药物治疗。已经开发了若干种用于施给这种注射剂的系统,这些注射剂用于治疗许多病症中的任何一种,这些病症包括但不限于美容病症(即皱纹、皮肤松弛)、疼痛(即偏头痛)、神经紊乱(即特发性神经病)、内分泌病症、代谢病症(即糖尿病)、神经肌肉紊乱(即颈肌张力障碍、眼睑痉挛)、炎症(即关节炎、牛皮癣)、血管紊乱(即静脉曲张、红斑痤疮)、癌症感染等。注射剂可包括但不限于神经毒素、皮下体积增强剂(皮肤填充剂)、胰岛素、抗生素、激素、化学治疗剂或生物制剂。通常,某些程序需要将一系列不同量的注射物注射至患者体内。确定每次注射的量并监测所注射的流体的量对于医疗专业人员来说可能是麻烦的。另外,如果以高速率注射药物,则可能导致患者不适。相反,如果每次注射的流速太低,则整个程序可能会延长,从而导致患者不适并浪费医疗专业人员的时间。因此,需要一种系统,用于以适当的速率提供受控的一系列精确注射,并且具有自动计算每次注射的适当体积以提供期望数量的药物单位的能力。此外,存在对如下一种系统的需求,该系统跟踪在一系列注射期间所注射的药物量以及注射的位置。
发明内容
鉴于前述内容,本发明提供了一种装置和方法,其使得执业医生能够施用精确的标准化单位剂量的药物。本发明还提供了一种用于在可以记录、存储和打印的解剖图像记录仪上记录注射位置的方法和装置。本发明还提供了一种用于从复原(或稀释)的药物计算并产生标准化单位药物剂量的方法和装置,其然后可以用作不同药物之间的标准化剂量单位,提供在解剖图像记录仪上记录与特定单位剂量相关的注射的手段。
根据一个方面,本发明提供了一种用于提供注射的装置。该装置包括用于保持一定体积药物的流体储器和用于控制来自流体储器的流体流的流体控制器,该药物包括一定体积的稀释剂中的多个药物单位。针与流体储器流体连通,用于将药物皮下或肌内注射至患者体内。该装置可选地包括检测器,该检测器配置成检测指示针中流体的流体压力的特征。该装置还包括致动器,用于选择性地致动流体控制器,以从流体储器提供一定剂量的药物。流体控制器可配置成计算提供具有用于注射的期望药物单位数的剂量所需的流体储器中的流体体积。此外,该装置可包括输入装置,用于输入关于该剂量中所期望的单位数的信息。
根据另一方面,本发明提供了一种电动马达,用于驱动与流体储器连接的驱动元件,以从储器排出流体。可选地,流体储器包括注射器,该注射器具有针筒和可在针筒内滑动的柱塞。流体控制器可配置成接合注射器的柱塞。
根据另一方面,本发明包括一种用于提供注射的装置,该装置包括流体控制器,用于提供具有所期望的药物单位数药物剂量,其中,该装置包括呈可手动致动按钮形式的致动器,用于向流体控制器提供控制信号。
根据另一方面,本发明提供了一种药物递送系统,其包括流体控制器,该流体控制器具有处理器,该处理器可操作成基于致动器被致动的次数以及关于在致动器的每次致动时所注射的单位数的信息而跟踪在程序期间分配的药物单位数。
根据又一方面,本发明提供了一种药物递送系统,其具有用于显示针向其中提供了一系列注射的解剖结构的一部分的视觉显示器。可选地,显示器可提供记录保存界面,用于指示一系列注射中的每一次注射的解剖位置。此外,记录保存界面可指示在每个解剖位置处注射的单位数。
根据另一方面,本发明提供了一种具有流体控制器的药物递送系统,该流体控制器包括电子控制器,其中,控制器配置成将在一系列注射期间所注射的单位数与在记录保存界面中所指示的单位数进行比较。
根据另一方面,本发明提供了一种药物递送系统,其具有流体控制器和与针对准(in line)的流体压力传感器,用于检测指示针中的流体压力的特征。
根据另一方面,本发明提供了一种使用流体控制系统自动地将流体分配至空心针以用于一系列注射的方法。该方法包括以下步骤:通过在具有多个药物单位的容器中混合一定体积的稀释剂来制备一定体积的药物,并提供具有来自容器的一定体积药物的流体储器。将关于容器中稀释剂的体积和容器中药物单位数的数据输入流体控制系统。流体控制系统自动计算单位体积,其中,单位体积是基于输入数据的步骤的分配药物单位所需的流体储器中的流体体积。选择在注射期间要分配的单位数。流体控制系统自动计算注射体积,其中,注射体积是基于所计算的单位体积的分配选定单位数所需的流体储器中的流体体积。致动致动器,其中,响应于致动步骤,流体控制系统将所计算的注射体积从流体储器排出。选择和致动的步骤可以重复多次。该方法还可包括以下步骤:跟踪在选择和致动步骤期间分配的总单位数,以确定在程序期间分配的总单位数。
根据另一方面,本发明提供了一种用于将流体自动分配至针的方法,并且该方法包括以下步骤:提供视觉显示器,该视觉显示器用于显示其中被提供了一系列注射的解剖结构的一部分,并且通过识别每次注射的位置和在每个位置处注射的单位数来创建注射图。可在视觉显示器上所显示的解剖结构的部分上标识单位的位置和数量。
根据另一方面,本发明提供了一种用于将流体自动分配至针的方法,并且该方法包括以下步骤:计算在程序期间分配的总单位数与在创建注射图期间对于所识别的每次注射所识别的总单位数之差。
根据又一方面,本发明提供了一种用于将流体自动分配至针的方法,并且该方法包括以下步骤:计算流体储器中的药物单位数;并且在致动致动器以从储器分配流体的每个步骤之后重新计算保留在流体储器中的药物单位数。
根据另一方面,本发明提供了一种用于从流体储器提供注射的装置。流体储器包含一定体积的药物,该药物包括在一定体积的稀释剂中的多个药物单位。流体控制器控制来自流体储器的流体流。针与流体储器流体连通,用于将药物注射至患者体内。设置致动器,用于选择性地致动流体控制器,以从流体储器提供一定剂量的药物。流体控制器可操作成计算提供具有用于注射的期望药物单位数的剂量所需的流体储器中的流体体积。该装置还可包括输入装置,用于输入关于剂量中的所期望单位数的信息。此外,输入设备可包括用于显示记录保存界面的视觉显示器屏幕,用于指示一系列注射中每次注射的解剖位置。
根据又一方面,本发明提供了一种用于提供注射的装置,并且该系统可包括提供记录保存界面的显示器,该记录保存界面指示在一系列解剖位置中的每一个处所注射的单位数。
根据另一方面,本发明提供了一种用于提供注射的装置,其包括流体控制器。该流体控制器可包括处理器,该处理器可操作成基于致动器被致动的次数以及关于在致动器的每次致动时注射的单位数的信息来跟踪在程序期间分配的单位数。可选地,处理器可配置成将在一系列注射期间注射的单位数与在记录保存界面中指示的单位数进行比较。
附图说明
当结合附图阅读时,将最佳地理解前文的概述以及下文对本发明的优选实施例的详细描述,附图中:
图1是药物输注装置的立体图;
图2是图1中所示的药物输注装置的后视图;
图3是图1中所示的药物输注装置的平面图;
图4是用于图1中所示的药物输注装置的注射组件的立体图;
图5是图4中所示的注射组件的手持件的侧视图;
图6是图1中所示的装置的操作者显示器的截屏,示出了用于使用图1中所示的装置的程序的设置屏幕;
图7是图1中所示的装置的操作者显示器的截屏,示出了用于使用图1中所示的装置的程序期间的控制屏幕;
图8是图1中所示的装置的操作者显示器的截屏,示出了与使用图1中所示的装置的程序相关地使用的记录保存屏幕;
图9是图1中所示的装置的操作者显示器的截屏,示出了与使用图1中所示的装置的程序相关地使用的第二记录保存屏幕;以及
图10是图1中所示的装置的操作者显示器的截屏,示出了与使用图1中所示的装置的程序相关地产生的患者记录屏幕。
具体实施方式
现在总地参考附图,且特别参见图1-5,药物输注系统被总地用5来标示。系统10包括计算机控制的药物递送仪器20,其被称为驱动单元。驱动单元20控制从流体储器至注射针120的流体流。系统10还包括用户界面70,其允许医疗专业人员定制对流体递送的控制以及审核医疗程序并存储程序细节的记录。
自动流体递送系统
系统10包括流体递送组件20,用于向注射针120提供受控的药物流。流体递送系统是自动系统,并且在本示例中是被称作驱动单元20的计算机控制的流体递送系统。
参考图1-5,驱动单元设计成与流体储器90相连接地工作。例如,流体储器可以是注射器90。因此,驱动单元20可以配置成容纳注射器。例如,驱动单元20可包括托架30,托架30构造成接收注射器的针筒92和柱塞94。托架30可包括细长槽32,细长槽32构造成接收注射器90的针筒92。槽32可具有如图1-2中所示敞开的前端。以此方式,注射器90的尖端可从槽32的端部突出。托架30还包括柱塞槽34,柱塞槽34与针筒槽32相交并且与针筒槽轴向对齐。柱塞槽34构造成接收注射器90的柱塞94。特别地,柱塞槽34基本上为注射器柱塞94的长度,使得当柱塞从注射器的针筒延伸时,柱塞槽可以接收柱塞的长度。托架30还可包括横向槽38,横向槽38构造成接收注射器针筒94的凸缘96。横向槽38接合注射器的手指用凸缘96,以阻止注射器针筒92相对于柱塞94的轴向位移。驱动单元20还可包括夹具40,用于将注射器90可释放地保持在托架30中。例如,夹具40可包括一个或多个弹性元件,其提供足够的摩擦力以阻止注射器从托架30弹出。
如图1中所示,托架30是细长的,使得当柱塞撤回至柱塞筒的后端时,托架可以接收注射器的针筒92和柱塞94。更具体地,托架长于注射器的最大延伸长度,使得当柱塞从针筒缩回至其最大长度时,注射器可以定位在托架中而不接合柱塞。
驱动单元20包括用于使托架30中的柱塞94相对于针筒92位移的驱动元件。该驱动元件可以是可被精确控制的各种线性可移位元件中的任何一种。例如,驱动元件可包括驱动螺杆,其中,螺杆的旋转向前驱动柱塞。在本示例中,驱动单元20包括与柱塞94的后端接合的驱动块50。驱动单元控制驱动块50的向前运动,以控制从注射器90至针120的流体流。特别地,驱动块50可在柱塞槽34内轴向位移,以相对于针筒驱动柱塞。具体地,驱动单元50控制驱动块20的前进,以使柱塞前进,从而从注射器针筒92注射流体。类似地,驱动单元控制驱动块50的缩回(即,在与前进相反的方向上的轴向位移),以从针筒中撤回柱塞,从而使注射器抽吸。驱动单元50还可包括用于在柱塞94与驱动块50之间提供可释放连接的保持元件。例如,驱动单元可包括多个弹性指状物,其接合柱塞的拇指垫,以将柱塞与驱动块50连接。
驱动单元20包括诸如微处理器之类的电子控制器,用于响应于从用户接收的信号来控制驱动单元的操作。电子控制器控制驱动机构,该驱动机构对驱动块进行驱动,以提供注射。例如,驱动机构可包括与驱动块50相连接的电枢。驱动单元可控制电动马达,该电动马达驱动电枢,以对驱动块进行驱动。
驱动单元20可为医疗专业人员提供各种输入机构,以提供用于控制驱动单元的操作的输入信号。例如,驱动单元可包括各种输入设备中的一种或多种,这些输入设备包括但不限于:可手动致动的按钮、键盘、鼠标、脚踏板或触摸屏。该系统还包括显示器70,使得用户可以监视医疗程序的进展以及检查关于程序的信息。在本示例中,显示器是触摸屏显示器70,其允许用户输入数据和各种参数,以在(手术)程序期间控制驱动单元20的操作。此外,如下所述,驱动单元20可包括输入插座75,用于连接向驱动单元20提供输入信号的外部控制元件。如下文进一步描述的,输入插座75可在驱动单元的电子控制器与外部控制元件之间提供电气连接。
注射组件
参考图4,系统10包括在药物输注程序期间可与驱动单元20协配的注射组件80。该注射组件包括注射器90、手持件100、将注射器与手持件相连接的流体管线85以及在手持件与驱动单元20之间提供电气连接的线缆。该组件还包括与手持件100可释放地连接的针120。
注射组件的各种元件可以是一次性的,这些元件比如是注射器80、流体管线85、手持件100和/或针120。替代地,各元件可以是可重复使用的。因此,注射组件的各种元件可释放地连接。例如,流体管线85可在每个端部处包括流体连接器。流体密封连接器可以是各种连接器中的任何一种。一个示例性连接器是鲁尔连接器。在第一端处,流体连接器与注射器密封地连接,并且在第二端处,流体管线与手持件100密封地连接。替代地,流体管线85可与手持件100的后端固定地连接。在任一实施例中,手持件100和注射器流体连通,以提供从注射器至手持件的流体流。
注射器90可以是各种皮下注射器中的任何一种,且尺寸可根据预期用途而变化。例如,在一个应用中,驱动单元20可用于美容手术中提供一系列面部注射。在这种应用中,注射器可以是1cc(毫升)容量的注射器。注射器90包括用于保持一定体积药物的针筒92和可在针筒内滑动的柱塞94,以将流体吸入针筒中或从针筒中排出流体。注射器90优选地还包括从针筒向外突出的凸缘96。凸缘作为手指用凸缘而操作,以便于使柱塞位移至筒中。
参考图4-5,手持件100是能操作成提供一系列注射的手持元件。手持件100包括细长的大致圆柱形壳体105,壳体105形成有构造成由使用者抓握的手柄。壳体105的后端107可向内逐渐变细至后端处的较小直径。用于输出线缆82和流体管线85的连接器可以形成在壳体105的后端处。针120从壳体105的前端向前突出。如图4中所示,壳体105的前端109可包括流体连接器,比如是公鲁尔适配器,用于连接安装在鲁尔针座上的针120。
手持件100可包括致动器,用于致动驱动单元20以提供注射。例如,手持件可包括按钮110。按钮110配置成输入装置,以向驱动单元提供输入信号。特别地,按钮110可与壳体105中的电路连接,使得在致动按钮时(比如通过按下按钮),电路将信号传送至驱动单元。例如,在致动按钮时,手持件中的电路可以向驱动单元提供注射信号。注射信号指示驱动单元应控制流体储器以提供从流体储器至手持件的流体流。如下文进一步论述的,驱动单元可配置成根据程序来控制流体的流动。例如,只要对致动器按钮进行致动,驱动单元就可提供连续的流体流。替代地,每当按钮被致动时,驱动单元都可提供计量体积的流体,而不管操作者按下按钮多长时间。
流体管线85可以是各种医疗级柔性管中的任何一种。在本示例中,流体管线是微孔流体管线,其内径在0.25mm至2.5mm之间。优选地,微孔管的内径在0.25mm至1.5mm之间。此外,流体管线85的长度可变化,然而,优选地,流体管线的总容积(与内径和长度两者都相关)小于2.0mL。通过使用微孔流体管线,该系统减少了系统的灌注量。
该系统还可包括压力感测元件,其检测指示离开针120的流体压力的特征。由于注射期间增加的流体压力会导致患者不适,该系统可通过减小离开针的流体的流体压力来减轻患者的不适。例如,响应于增加的流体压力,系统可控制流体流,以减少流至针的流体流。类似地,响应于降低的流体压力,系统可以增加流体速率,从而减少完成程序所需的时间。替代地,如果流体压力超过预定压力阈值,则系统可以采用被衰减或减小的大致固定的流速。压力阈值可根据程序而变化。
如上所述,该系统可包括用于检测针出口处的流体压力的特征的各种传感器中的任何一种。例如,驱动单元20可包括力传感器,该力传感器与对驱动块50进行驱动的电动马达相连接。传感器可定位在马达输出处或测量由电动马达施加至诸如驱动块50之类的驱动机构的力。然后,该力可用于确定内部特征,比如在注射过程期间产生的力或内部压力。于是,该特征可被微处理器或控制器用作控制参数,以产生对驱动机构的相应命令。在示例性实施例中,该特征用于计算装置通过细长管射出流体的出口压力。接着,以如下方式操作电动马达,其使得出口压力保持在预定水平或低于预定水平,以确保患者不会遭受疼痛和/或组织损伤。替代地,注射组件80可以包含在线(inline)流体压力传感器,其检测流体管线中的流体压力。流体压力传感器与驱动单元的控制器电连通,使得控制器可以控制驱动单元的电动马达,以将流体管线中的流体压力保持在预定压力或低于预定压力,从而确保患者舒适。具体地,响应于力传感器或在线流体传感器,控制器可控制驱动单元自动降低流体的流速,直至流体压力减小至阈值以下为止。
再次参考图4,注射组件80包括输出线缆82。输出线缆82将注射组件中的电气元件与驱动单元20连接,使得驱动单元可以从注射组件接收控制信号。特别地,输出线缆82的端部处的插头或插座84与驱动单元中的输入插座75配合,以在注射组件80与驱动单元的控制器之间提供电气连接。例如,如果注射组件80包括在线流体压力传感器,则来自传感器的信号沿着输出线缆传输至驱动单元的控制器,使得驱动单元可以控制至针的流体流。类似地,如果手持件100包括致动器,比如按钮110,则来自致动器的电子信号可通过输出线缆84与驱动单元连通,以响应于致动器来控制至针的流体流。
操作方法
以下论述描述了上述系统10的示例性操作方法,其利用驱动单元20和注射组件80来执行神经毒素注射程序。这种程序通常用于美容和治疗目的,并且需要一系列注射,通常是进入敏感区域的注射。
结合来自驱动单元的显示器70的一系列截屏来描述该方法,如图6-10中所示。在以下论述中,显示器是触摸屏显示器,使得用户可以使用触摸屏输入信息。然而,应理解的是,可以提供其他输入机制,例如鼠标、键盘和/或手写笔。
设置
在注射之前,操作者输入用于控制该程序的各种数据以及提供用于该程序的记录。系统可首先在显示器70上提供患者数据屏幕,其中,操作者可输入各种信息,包括但不限于:患者姓名、出生日期、手术程序日期和执行该程序的医疗专业人员的姓名。
参考图6,在输入患者数据之后,用户输入关于在手术程序期间要使用的药物的数据。在神经毒素注射程序中,可以使用各种神经毒素中的任一种,其中最常见的是使用一种形式的肉毒杆菌毒素。有七种肉毒杆菌毒素血清型,包括A-G型。肉毒杆菌中毒是由血清型A、B、E、F和可能的G导致的。
可商购的三种最常见的A型肉毒杆菌毒素品牌是:Botox、Dysport和Xeomin。除了多种其他神经肌肉病症外,这些还用于治疗成人脖颈(颈部)肌张力障碍和眼肌张力障碍(眼睑痉挛)。此外,一种B型肉毒杆菌品牌(Neurobloc)也可用于治疗成人颈部肌张力障碍。如果患者对一种肉毒杆菌类型(A型或B型)产生免疫力,则有时另一种类型可能是有效的。
药物具有描述药物活性成分的量的量值。许多药物以重量(毫克、克等)来测量。然而,生物学上衍生的药物、比如肉毒杆菌毒素A,以描述给定实验室测试中药物作用量的单位来测量。例如,从Allergan以商购的肉毒杆菌毒素A是以单位来测量的。
施用的Botox的单位数量对应于治疗剂量,并且将随患者和程序的不同而变化。.例如,普通人通常会得到大约20个单位的Botox来治疗其眉毛之间的纹路(当然,这个数字因人而异)。
Botox能以含有100、300和500单位的小瓶购得,最常用的Botox每小瓶具有100单位。Botox对减少肌肉运动的有效性取决于给定单位的剂量,而不是稀释度。肉毒杆菌毒素A可以作为冻干粉末提供。为了准备注射,使用稀释剂(比如盐水)对粉末进行复原以产生溶液。在复原过程期间添加的液体体积可以根据程序并根据执行该程序的医疗专业人员的偏好而变化。因此,代表一个单位Botox的溶液体积将根据小瓶中的单位数和加入小瓶中的稀释剂的体积而变化。然而,在程序期间,医生对于治疗剂量的标准化不依赖于流体体积,而是依赖于施用的单位的数量来确定治疗剂量、最大剂量和最小剂量。例如,如果使用4mL盐水来复原100单位小瓶的Botox,则每0.1mL溶液提供2.5单位的Botox。类似地,如果使用1mL盐水来复原该小瓶,则每0.1mL提供10单位的Botox。
因此,为了准备该程序,医学专业人员执行用一定体积的稀释剂来复原药物的步骤。接着,将稀释剂的体积和关于药物的信息输入系统,以计算每单位药物的溶液体积。特别地,参考图6,用户从药物列表中进行选择。关于每种列出的药物的信息存储在驱动单元的存储器中。此外,用户输入所选药物的稀释度。例如,用户可输入所添加的稀释剂的体积。替代地,系统可以存储有常见稀释度的列表,比如每100单位小瓶1mL、每100单位小瓶2mL、每100单位小瓶2.5mL以及每100单位小瓶4.0mL。在本示例中,系统存储有默认稀释率,比如是每100单位小瓶2.5mL,并允许用户通过增量(例如0.1mL增量或0.5mL增量)增加或减少稀释度。用户还输入关于批号的信息,以便可以将信息与患者记录一起存储。此外,用户可以输入小瓶的失效日期。系统还可配置成如果用户输入指示出小瓶已经失效的日期则提供警告。例如,如果是用户输入的失效日期在当前日期(即用户输入信息的日期)之前。
一旦用户输入了关于药物和稀释体积的信息,系统就计算单个单位的溶剂体积。通过将稀释剂的体积除以小瓶中的单位数来进行该计算。该系统存储有关于每单位计算的体积的数据,该数据稍后将用于控制程序期间的流体流。
该系统包括用于在程序的不同部分期间控制流体流的电路。例如,手持件可具有控制器电路板,该控制器电路板允许在注射期间实现基本的操作功能,这些功能包括:将流体灌注至手持件的管和针中、单位剂量注射和抽吸。手持件可具有致动器,比如控制按钮110,其可操作成提供附加功能,附加功能包括但不限于不同流速之间的流速变化。
为了准备进行程序,用户用如上所述地制备的小瓶中的药物充填注射器90,然后将注射器附连至流体管线85。然后,用户将注射组件80附连至驱动单元。特别是,注射器90插入到驱动单元的注射器托架30中,且柱塞的推垫与驱动块50接合,注射器的排出端从针筒槽32的上端突出。此外,用户将插头84从注射组件插入驱动单元20的插座75中。驱动单元可包括微动开关或传感器,用于检测注射器托架中注射器的存在。因此,系统可向用户显示指示托架中注射器是否存在的消息。此外,如果传感器未检测到注射器托架中存在注射器,则系统可不允许程序继续进行。类似地,系统可包括在驱动单元中的电路与手持件100中的电路之间的反馈回路,使得当插头插入驱动单元的插座75时,手持件向驱动单元提供指示手持件附连至驱动单元的信号。对应地,驱动单元可提供指示输出线缆是否附连至驱动单元的信号,并且如果系统没有检测到插头84插入插座75中,则系统可不允许该程序继续进行。
在系统检测到注射器被装载并且输出线缆被连接之前,控制器锁定驱动单元,使得驱动块50无法位移。一旦满足这两个条件(即在注射器托架30中检测到注射器90并且线缆82已连接),驱动单元就能够排出流体以灌注系统。该系统可以用若干种方法之一进行灌注。例如,基于若干已知细节、比如流体管线的容积和通过手持件的流体路径的容积,可以知悉或合理地逼近灌注系统所需的灌注体积。例如,在本示例中,灌注体积约为0.04mL。在这种情况下,驱动单元可自动地从注射器中排出适当体积的流体(例如0.04mL),以用流体充填注射组件80。替代地,在本示例中,通过用户按压致动器、比如手持件100上的按钮110而对系统进行灌注。响应于用户对致动器的致动,只要用户对致动器进行致动,驱动单元20就使驱动块50前进。具体地,用户可持续按压按钮110,直至用户在视觉上确认有流体从针120出来为止。一旦流体从针120中出来,用户就释放致动器。当用户释放致动器时,驱动单元停止使驱动块50前进以中止从流体储器释放流体。
当用户在灌注完成之后释放致动器110时,致动器的释放可作用为控制信号。因此,致动器的释放可以向系统发出灌注程序完成的信号。替代地,在本示例中,在用户已灌注系统之后,用户可以向系统提供输入信号以确认注射组件已被灌注。例如,驱动单元20可在触摸屏70上显示图标或其他提示,并且用户可按压图标或其他提示以提供指示出系统已被灌注的信号。一旦系统接收到指示注射组件被灌注的信号,系统就进入注射模式以提供一次或多次注射,如下文进一步描述的。
应指出的是,系统可在触摸屏70上显示设置屏幕,该设置屏幕示出设置程序的进度。设置屏幕可包括示出注射器在注射器托架中的安装的图标或图示以及示出线缆82与插座75的连接的单独图标或图示。在显示这种提示之前或与这些提示同时发生的,该系统可包括指示用户在注射器中包括附加的流体以用来灌注系统的提示。例如,系统可在显示器上提供图标或其他图示,指示要添加至注射器以灌注注射组件的流体量。没有在灌注中使用的附加体积,则在系统灌注之后注射器中的单位数将与在进行第一次注射之前注射器中的预期单位数不匹配。
注射程序
一旦系统已经被设置用于如上所述的程序,医疗专业人员就可继续进行医疗程序。参考图7,示出了注射屏幕,该注射屏幕可用于在程序期间控制每次注射。用户选择在注射期间要注射的单位数和在注射期间要使用的流速。一旦用户选择好用于注射的单位数和流速,这些值就可存储在控制器的存储器中并用于每次注射,直至用户输入不同的值为止。替代地,系统可以配置成使得用户在系统允许注射之前输入用于每次注射的信息。
例如,系统可提供供用户从中选择的剂量水平的菜单,比如1-5个单位。根据剂量水平,驱动单元将计算要注射的溶液体积,以提供所需的单位数。此外,系统可允许用户选择用于注射的流速。该系统可包括可用流速的列表。替代地,如图6中所示,系统可包括二元选择:舒适或快速。在该配置中,“舒适”选项对应于较慢的流速,比如0.005mL/秒,“快速”选项对应于较快的流速,比如0.03mL/秒。这些流速仅作为示例性速率提供,并且应理解的是,速率可变化。然而,在本示例中,较慢的流速优选地在0.001至0.01mL/秒之间,并且较快的流速优选地大于0.01且小于0.1mL/秒。
如前所述,该系统还可包括动态压力感测能力,其感测对应于离开针的流体压力的特征。如图7中所示,该系统可包括图形化显示器,该图形化显示器示出了检测到的特征的相对水平以指示出相对流体压力。以此方式,系统可以向用户提供各种状况的指示,包括但不限于:针的位置;针是否被阻塞;以及确定进行注射的组织类型。在进行注射时,对特定组织类型(比如肌肉、脂肪组织、韧带或血管)的压力感测可提供关键信息,用以选择特定位置、减轻疼痛和/或消除组织损伤。特别地,系统在注射期间实时接收来自压力传感器的信号。如果检测到的压力超过第一压力,则点亮第一信号。对于一系列逐渐增大的阈值,这逐步地继续,即当超过下一个更高的阈值时,点亮不同的或附加的信号。以此方式,系统可以向用户提供关于注射期间的排出压力的反馈。
替代地,系统可响应于在注射期间检测到的流体压力来控制用于注射的流体流速。特别地,流体压力阈值可存储在驱动单元的存储器中,并且系统将响应于预定的流速或响应于用户如上所述选择的流速来驱动流体。响应于在注射期间从压力传感器接收到的信号,如果压力超过阈值,则驱动单元可衰减注射的流速。例如,驱动单元可将流体流速降低至较低的固定流速。替代地,流速可随压力增加而降低。可变流速与压力之间的关系可为线性关系或其他关系。
因此,一旦用户选择要注射的单位数并选择流速,用户就可将针120插入患者体内以进行皮下或肌内注射。一旦放置好针120,用户就致动致动器,比如是手持件上的按钮110。响应于对致动器的致动,驱动单元20自动地将一定体积的流体从流体储器92中通过针排出。计算流体体积以提供用户选择的所需单位数。此外,驱动单元20控制流体流以提供如上所述的期望流速。特别地,驱动单元控制驱动块50前进以驱动柱塞94的速率。此外,驱动单元20基于计算的在注射期间要排出的流体体积来控制驱动块50前进的距离。具体地,驱动单元20向对驱动块50进行驱动的电动马达提供控制信号,以控制马达速度和电动马达被致动的持续时间,由此控制从注射器射出的流体的体积和流速。
一旦注射完成,系统就可向操作者提供指示注射完成的信号。例如,系统可在注射完成时提供可听的声音,或者在整个注射过程期间发出可听的声音而一旦注射完成该可听的声音就停止。替代地,系统可提供对针120中的流体压力的指示。因此,该指示将提供如下信号,其表明压力水平低于对应于几乎没有或没有流体压力的阈值,这表示注射完成。
如图7中所示,系统还可提供指示流体储器94中剩余的单位数的显示。系统可根据如上所述用户在设置期间输入的数据来计算流体储器中的单位数。随后,每当用户致动用于注射的致动器时,系统将“单位数”的计数器减去注射期间已提供的单位数。例如,如图7中所示,基于在设置期间输入的用户数据,系统可计算出流体储器包含20个单位。如果用户选择1个单位作为注射的单位数,则在用户致动按钮110之后,系统将增加“已注射单位”变量变至1,并将“剩余单位”变量变至19。以此方式,用户可以继续提供一系列注射并规定每次注射的单位数,系统将自动跟踪已注射的单位数和剩余的单位数,以便用户将知悉何时需要再次充填或更换流体储器。
应理解的是,系统可配置成使得在LED屏幕上可视地提供的信息也能以可听到的听觉声音或口语传达给用户。类似地,手持件可包括振动芯片或电路,以通过振动反馈向用户提供数据,其中,振动电子芯片嵌入在手持件内。以此方式,作为示例而不是限制,系统可向用户提供关于诸如单位剂量的递送、流速、动态压力感测、障碍物或空注射器之类的信息。触觉、振动通信可包括例如但不限于这些示例:振动的速率、脉冲或振动的节奏的加快/减慢。
除了振动信号之外或替代于振动信号,驱动单元可包括一个或多个元件或者与一个或多个元件连接,该元件用于向用户提供可听的信号。可以使用不同节奏或音高的可听的声音来传达注射参数,即所选单位、注射速率、压力感测数据、抽吸、空注射器状况、针的阻塞以及传送至屏幕的所有其他信息。
记录保存
在完成一次或多次注射之后,用户可以进行记录保存程序,该程序审核程序以考虑注射次数、注射位置和每次注射期间注射的单位数以及整个程序。应理解的是,用户可以在完成单次注射后记录每次注射。然而,在以下论述中,用户在完成所有注射之后记录一系列注射中的所有注射。
参见图8-9,示出了记录保存界面。在记录保存阶段,系统提供了对完成注射的区域的图示。例如,显示器70可显示人类头部的图形化图示。然后,用户选择注射中已注射的单位数,并在图形化图示上指示注射的位置。例如,用户可触摸进行注射的头部部分。作为响应,系统在所选位置上显示标记,比如点。系统还可在该点旁边显示已注射的单位数的指示。系统还基于每次记录的注射的单位数跟踪已注射的总单位数。然后可以将该数字与如上所述在注射程序期间为“已注射单位”变量计算的注射次数进行比较。特别是,在记录保存页面中可显示剩余的单位数。记录过程中的该“剩余单位”变量初始设置为等于注射程序中的“已注射单位”变量。每次用户记录注射(例如在显示器上标记点)时,系统将剩余单位变量减少注射期间已注射的单位数。以此方式,记录保存程序中的“剩余单位”变量提供了一种用于审核已记录的注射的方法,以便用户可以确认在一系列注射期间注射次数和所提供的单位数等于提供的单位数。
该系统还可提供对解剖部位的放大以便于记录不同的注射,这是由于可在小区域中提供注射。例如,如图8中所示,解剖区域可被分段成多个子区段。用户可通过在子区段上点击来选择期望的子区段。然后,系统将提供如图9所示的所选区域的放大视图,以便用户可以更容易且准确地指示不同注射的位置。
在用户记录每次注射之后,系统可提供显示该程序的所有数据的患者记录,其包括每次注射的位置的图形化表示和每次注射中注射的单位数,以及患者数据、程序数据(即稀释度、药物、批号、失效日期、已注射单位总数、程序执行日期和时间)。患者记录可存储在非易失性存储设备中,比如驱动单元中的硬盘驱动器或闪存驱动器。替代地,驱动单元可提供数据连接以将驱动单元与外部存储设备连接,该数据连接是硬连线或无线,无线比如是Wi-Fi或蓝牙,外部存储设备比如是文件服务器或其他存储设备,比如CD、DVD、磁驱动器,比如硬盘驱动器或固态存储器,例如闪存存储器。附加地或替代地,驱动单元可与打印机连接,并且可将患者记录的数据导出至打印机以打印记录,如图10中所示。
本领域技术人员将认识到,可对上述实施例进行改变或修改而不脱离本发明的广泛的发明构思。因此,应理解的是,本发明不限于本文中描述的特定实施例,而是旨在包括在权利要求中阐述的本发明的范围和精神内的所有改变和修改。
Claims (14)
1.一种用于提供注射的装置,包括:
流体储器,所述流体储器用于包含一定体积的流体,所述流体包括药物,所述药物包括一定体积的稀释剂中的多个单位的所述药物;
流体控制器,所述流体控制器用于控制来自所述流体储器的所述流体的流;
针,所述针与所述流体储器流体连通,用于将所述药物皮下或肌内注射至患者体内;
检测器,所述检测器配置成检测指示所述针中流体的流体压力的特征;
致动器,所述致动器用于选择性地致动所述流体控制器,以从所述流体储器提供一定剂量的所述药物;
其中,所述流体控制器配置成计算提供具有用于注射的所期望的所述药物的单位数所需的所述流体储器中的流体体积;
输入装置,所述输入装置用于输入关于所述剂量中所期望的单位数的信息;以及
视觉显示器,所述视觉显示器用于显示所述针在其中提供有一系列注射的解剖结构的一部分,所述视觉显示器包括记录保存界面,用于指示所述一系列注射中的每一次注射的解剖位置,所述记录保存界面指示在所述一系列注射中的每一次注射的解剖位置处所分配的所述药物的单位数;
其中,所述流体控制器包括处理器,所述处理器能操作成基于所述致动器被致动的次数以及关于在所述致动器致动时所分配的所述药物的单位数的信息来跟踪在程序期间所分配的所述药物的单位数,且其中,所述处理器配置成将在所述一系列注射期间所分配的所述药物的单位数与在所述记录保存界面中指示所分配的所述药物的单位数进行比较。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述流体控制器包括电动马达,所述电动马达用于驱动与所述流体储器连接的驱动元件,以从所述流体储器排出所述流体。
3.根据权利要求2所述的装置,其特征在于,所述流体储器包括注射器,所述注射器具有针筒和能在所述针筒内滑动的柱塞。
4.根据权利要求3所述的装置,其特征在于,所述流体控制器接合所述注射器的所述柱塞。
5.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述致动器是能手动致动的按钮。
6.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,包括手持件,所述针安装在所述手持件上,其中,所述手持件与所述流体控制器电连接,并且所述手持件通过流体管线与所述流体储器流体连通。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置,其特征在于,所述手持件包括所述致动器。
8.根据权利要求7所述的装置,其特征在于,所述致动器包括致动按钮。
9.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述检测器包括与所述针对准的流体压力传感器。
10.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其特征在于,所述流体压力传感器与驱动单元的控制器电连通,使得所述流体控制器能够控制所述驱动单元的电动马达,以将流体管线中的流体压力保持在预定压力或低于预定压力,从而确保患者舒适。
11.一种用于提供注射的装置,包括:
流体储器,所述流体储器用于包含一定体积的药物,所述药物包括在一定体积的稀释剂中的多个药物单位;
流体控制器,所述流体控制器用于控制从所述流体储器至针的流体流;
致动器,所述致动器用于选择性地致动所述流体控制器,以从所述流体储器提供一定剂量的药物;
其中,所述流体控制器配置成计算提供具有用于注射的所期望的药物单位数的剂量所需的流体储器中的流体体积;
输入装置,所述输入装置用于输入关于所述剂量中所期望的单位数的信息,其中,所述输入装置包括视觉显示器屏幕,用于显示记录保存界面,所述记录保存界面用于指示一系列注射中的每一次注射的解剖位置,所述记录保存界面配置成指示在每个解剖位置处注射的单位数,
其中,所述流体控制器包括处理器,所述处理器能操作成基于所述致动器被致动的次数以及关于在所述致动器的每次致动时注射的单位数的信息来跟踪在程序期间分配的单位数,所述处理器配置成将在所述一系列注射期间注射的单位数与在所述记录保存界面中指示出的单位数进行比较。
12.根据权利要求11所述的装置,其特征在于,包括手持件,所述针安装在所述手持件上,其中,所述手持件与所述流体控制器电连接,并且所述手持件通过流体管线与所述流体储器流体连通。
13.根据权利要求12所述的装置,其特征在于,所述手持件包括所述致动器。
14.根据权利要求13所述的装置,其特征在于,所述致动器包括致动按钮。
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EP (1) | EP3582826B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP7105032B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR102521197B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN110312539B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2018221009B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112019014951B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA3053476C (zh) |
CO (1) | CO2019008067A2 (zh) |
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IL (1) | IL268063B2 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2019009735A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL3582826T3 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2741472C1 (zh) |
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CA3053476A1 (en) | 2018-08-23 |
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IL268063B2 (en) | 2023-08-01 |
US10632255B2 (en) | 2020-04-28 |
MX2019009735A (es) | 2019-10-30 |
EP3582826A1 (en) | 2019-12-25 |
JP2020507431A (ja) | 2020-03-12 |
IL268063A (en) | 2019-10-31 |
CN110312539A (zh) | 2019-10-08 |
CA3053476C (en) | 2021-02-16 |
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