CN110272885A - 植物源纳豆激酶胶囊及其生产方法 - Google Patents
植物源纳豆激酶胶囊及其生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110272885A CN110272885A CN201910603577.4A CN201910603577A CN110272885A CN 110272885 A CN110272885 A CN 110272885A CN 201910603577 A CN201910603577 A CN 201910603577A CN 110272885 A CN110272885 A CN 110272885A
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- nattokinase
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Abstract
本发明公开一种植物源纳豆激酶胶囊及其生产方法。本发明利用植物例如生菜作为重组蛋白质生产的有效表达平台,利用简单以及高效的表达体系生产生物活性物质。随后将生产该活性物质的叶片冻干制成胶囊。此胶囊可以在常温保存而保持生物活性。利用Western Blot蛋白杂交法确定纳豆激酶活性蛋白成功表达。生物活性测试结果表明利用该平台技术生产的纳豆激酶胶囊活性良好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药技术领域,特别涉及由植物生产的可口服给药的纳豆激酶胶囊及其制备方法。具体的说是对具有纳豆激酶作用的活性多肽进行结构改造和修饰,使其获得可通过肠道进行吸收并在体内达到有效治疗浓度的特性,并通过植物来生产该活性物质。
背景技术
血栓(thrombus)是由于在人体或哺乳动物的心脑和四肢血管管腔内的血液发生凝固或血液中的某些有形成分互相粘集在一起后所形成的。在正常的生理状态下,血液中的一些凝血因子不断地被激活并在凝血酶的作用下,形成微量的纤维蛋白并附着在血管内膜上,但这些微量的纤维蛋白又不断地被单核吞噬细胞系统所吞噬。处于相互拮抗过程中的凝血系统和抗凝血系统(纤维蛋白溶解系统)维持着一种动态的平衡,即保证了血液有潜在的可凝固性又始终保证了血液的流体状态。然而,有时在某些因素的作用下,上述动态平衡被打破,使其向凝血过程的一方发生倾斜,血液便开始在心脑和四肢血管内加速凝固并最终形成血栓。
随着人们生活水平的不断提高和工作速度的不断加快,心脑和四肢血管发生血栓的几率也越来越高,因此,需要寻找新一代的溶栓制剂。纳豆激酶(NattoKinase,NK)由食品纳豆中提取或纳豆菌生产,是一种分子量远远小于UK、SK、tPA的蛋白质,并可由肠道吸收,纳豆激酶的体外、体内溶栓性质通过实验也已得到确定,同时得出纳豆激酶的体内溶栓活性为纤溶酶的四倍,在体内作用迅速、持续时间长,还能激活体内的tPA,使之温和、持续地提高血液的纤溶活性。患心肌梗塞的危险患者一次需投入尿激酶30万单位,而须见洋行等人报道每克湿重纳豆约相当于1600尿激酶单位。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中的至少部分技术问题,发明人提供通过植物叶片生产口服纳豆激酶胶囊的方案。具体地,本发明包括以下内容:
本发明的第一方面,提供植物源纳豆激酶胶囊的生产方法,其包括将优化的纳豆激酶基因导入宿主植物的至少部分器官中,由来源于该器官的植物材料再生为植株后,收集再生植株的至少一部分冻干制成胶囊。优选地,宿主植物选自由生菜、菠菜、番茄、萝卜、白菜、玉米、大豆、小麦和烟草组成的组中的一种,进一步优选为生菜。
本发明中,作为直接用于生产植物源纳豆激酶胶囊的材料为再生植株的至少一部分,其一般包括种子、叶、根茎或整株植物。优选地,本发明的再生植株的至少一部分为包含叶绿体的部分。优选地,本发明的植物源纳豆激酶胶囊为直接口服的胶囊产品。
本发明中,优选地,导入宿主植物的基因为优化的纳豆激酶基因。优选地,优化至少包括通过利用作为宿主的植物的偏好密码子改造纳豆激酶基因。还优选地,本发明的纳豆激酶基因的序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。
本发明中,作为植物产生得到的纳豆激酶的结构不特别限定,本领域已知,由于表达系统不同,相同的基因在动物或微生物中得到的产生与在植物中表达得到的产物在结构上也会不同。即使使用同一类宿主,例如即使使用相同的基因,在不同类型的植物表达,得到的蛋白产物在具体结构上也会不同。本发明中,优选得到的植物源纳豆激酶的序列如SEQID No.2所示。
在某些实施方案中,本发明的植物源纳豆激酶胶囊的生产方法包括构建优化后的纳豆激酶的表达载体。优选地,使用pUC57构建表达载体。示例性构建步骤包括:将纳豆激酶基因序列的密码子替换为宿主植物偏好密码子;人工合成优化后的纳豆激酶基因序列,将其克隆到载体中,优选地,载体为pUC57,获得pUC57-Natto表达载体,经基因枪轰击导入植物。
在示例性实施方案中,本发明的植物源纳豆激酶胶囊的生产方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1:准备转化用载体;
步骤2:准备微粒子弹;
步骤3:基因枪轰击;
步骤4:转换后培养、再生为植株。
本发明的第二方面,提供植物源纳豆激酶胶囊,其通过上述的方法制备得到。
本发明通过植物生产植物源纳豆激酶胶囊,由此得到的植物源纳豆激酶产品可以不需要注射而直接口服,减轻病患的痛苦,同时该产品为长效植物源纳豆激酶产品,病患可以做到一周用药一次。在优选地实施方案中,本发明选择生菜作为宿主,其不含有植物有毒物质,而且本产品不需蛋白纯化流程,可以大大缩短生产周期和生产成本。
本发明研究发现,植物系统尤其是生菜系统能够可靠的表达活性原本在细胞中表达的纳豆激酶,叶绿体可以高效的表达活性蛋白,由此得到更加经济、高效的表达平台。优选地,由于生菜易于生长并且可商业上大量生产,因此比其它植物,如烟草等更容易获得并且更便宜,并且由于不需要复杂的特殊生产设备,成本可显著降低。本发明可以利用生菜系统大规模生产植物源纳豆激酶。
附图说明
图1表达载体pUC57-Natto的结构示意图。
图2Western-blot检测目的蛋白表达结果。
图3植物源纳豆激酶活性检测结果。1、2:阴性对照;3、4:尿激酶阳性对照;5、6:纳豆激酶提取物样品。
具体实施方式
现详细说明本发明的多种示例性实施方式,该详细说明不应认为是对本发明的限制,而应理解为是对本发明的某些方面、特性和实施方案的更详细的描述。
应理解本发明中所述的术语仅仅是为描述特别的实施方式,并非用于限制本发明。另外,对于本发明中的数值范围,应理解为具体公开了该范围的上限和下限以及它们之间的每个中间值。在任何陈述值或陈述范围内的中间值以及任何其他陈述值或在所述范围内的中间值之间的每个较小的范围也包括在本发明内。这些较小范围的上限和下限可独立地包括或排除在范围内。
除非另有说明,否则本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有本发明所述领域的常规技术人员通常理解的相同含义。虽然本发明仅描述了优选的方法和材料,但是在本发明的实施或测试中也可以使用与本文所述相似或等同的任何方法和材料。本说明书中提到的所有文献通过引用并入,用以公开和描述与所述文献相关的方法和/或材料。在与任何并入的文献冲突时,以本说明书的内容为准。除非另有说明,否则“%”为基于重量的百分数。
植物叶绿体表达技术是利用基因枪轰击、同源重组的方式将含有目标蛋白的质粒转移到植物叶绿体中,获得该基因植物叶绿体中高效表达的技术。与动物细胞表达系统相比,植物表达系统的成本非常低,仅为其千分之一到千分之二。
实施例1
本实施例为纳豆激酶基因序列的优化,具体包括以下内容。
为了将外源蛋白在植物中的高效表达,将纳豆激酶氨基酸序列利用反翻译软件(https://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/st/emboss_backtranseq/)得到核苷酸序列,并将其密码子优化为植物偏好的密码子,由金斯瑞公司(南京,中国)合成。
实施例2
本实施例为叶绿体表达载体的构建及转化植物,具体包括以下内容。
(1)转化材料准备
将植物种子用无菌水浸泡过夜,用70%乙醇浸泡1分钟后用无菌水冲洗1次;再用2%NaClO(加0.1%Tween-20)处理15分钟,每5分钟轻柔混匀1次,无菌水冲洗4~5次;用无菌滤纸吸干后种植于1/2MS培养基上(含3%蔗糖、0.7%琼脂粉、pH值为5.8),置于光照培养箱中25℃,16h光照8h黑暗培养,约3周可用于转化。
(2)基因枪准备
称取50~60mg金粉(0.6μm)于干燥的1.5mL灭菌EP离心管。加入1mL无水乙醇,涡旋2分钟。加入1mL无菌水,涡旋1分钟,室温放置1分钟,10000rpm离心2分钟,去上清。加入1mL50%甘油,重悬金粉,-20℃冻存。甘油保存状态的金粉悬液涡旋5分钟使金粉重悬。取50μL金粉悬液于无菌1.5mL离心管,涡旋1分钟。加入10μg质粒DNA,涡旋30秒。加入50μL2.5MCaCl2,涡旋30秒。加入20μL 0.1M亚精胺,混合物涡旋5分钟,冰上静置2分钟。加60μL预冷的无水乙醇,手指轻弹使之重悬,14000rpm离心10秒,去上清,重复一次。加入50μL无水乙醇重悬,备用。
(3)基因枪轰击
根据样品数量取一定数量的载体膜、可裂膜、阻挡网(注意:载体膜、可裂膜需每枪更换,阻挡网同一个样品可共用)于无水乙醇中浸泡15分钟,用无菌水冲洗2次,自然晾干,备用。将晾干的载体膜放入无菌铁环中,压平。将制备好的子弹涡旋充分混匀,取10μL子弹于载体膜中央,自然晾干。把微粒发射装置移出轰击室,旋下盖子,加入阻挡网,把微粒载片安装在固定槽中(有微粒的一面朝下),旋上盖子,将微粒发射装置放回轰击室。
实施例3
本实施例为转化后培养及筛选,具体包括以下内容。
(1)暗培养
将轰击后的生菜叶片剪下,切成10~20mm2的叶盘置于RMOL培养基(不加抗生素)中25℃暗培养2天
(2)筛选培养
将暗培养结束的材料转移至筛选培养基(抗生素浓度为50μg/mL)中进行筛选培养。
(3)生根培养
将芽转移至生根培养基(抗生素浓度为100μg/mL)中诱导生根。
实施例4
本实施例为Western blot检测目的蛋白表达情况。
(1)采用液氮研磨、变性裂解提取植物蛋白,将裂解上清和5×上样缓冲液(使用前加入β-巯基乙醇至终浓度为5%)按4:1的比例混合(如200μl蛋白裂解上清与50μl 5×上样缓冲液混合),混匀,95℃加热6min,同时处理阴性对照及阳性对照
(2)电泳电压积层胶80V,分离胶120V,待目的蛋白跑至分离胶中间位置后,停止电泳,回收下槽电泳液,拆开电泳装置,按照负极(黑色)、海绵、滤纸、凝胶、PVDF膜(事先用甲醇活化15s、ddH2O洗涤后浸泡于1×转移缓冲液中)或NC膜(不需活化)、滤纸、海绵、正极(透明)的顺序放置,排气泡后组装,放入电泳槽(注黑色对应电泳槽黑色一面放入),加满转移缓冲液,将整个电泳槽放入冰水混合液中,90V电泳1.0h
(3)电泳快结束时配制5%脱脂奶粉(封闭液),将转移后的膜放入封闭液中室温封闭至少1h,4℃孵育一抗过夜(一抗稀释于5%脱脂奶粉中,稀释比参考说明书)。
(4)使用PBST或TBST洗涤15min×3次,室温孵育二抗1~2h,PBST或TBST洗涤15min×3次,采用DAB试剂盒进行显色,拍照,分析目的蛋白表达情况。
实施例5
本实施例为纳豆激酶的活性检测,具体包括以下内容。
使用纤维蛋白平板法测定纳豆激酶活性,具体步骤为将10mL1%的琼脂糖溶液于50℃时加入10mL 0.3%的纤维蛋白原溶液及100μL凝血酶,快速混合并倒入9cm平板中,静置冷却凝固为乳白色半透明平板。将尿激酶标准品配成51.75U/mL,取5μL加在制备好的纤维蛋白上,取样品5μL加在纤维蛋白平板上,37℃孵育18h,比较水解圈面积。活性检测结果见图3所示,口服降糖产品的溶解圈面积大于尿激酶,活性较高。
在不背离本发明的范围或精神的情况下,可对本发明说明书的具体实施方式做多种改进和变化,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。由本发明的说明书得到的其他实施方式对技术人员而言是显而易见得的。本申请说明书和实施例仅是示例性的。
序列表
<110> 王跃驹
<120> 植物源纳豆激酶胶囊及其生产方法
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Claims (10)
1.一种植物源纳豆激酶胶囊的生产方法,其特征在于,将优化的纳豆激酶基因导入宿主植物的至少部分器官,由来源于所述器官的植物材料再生为植株后,收集再生植株的至少一部分冻干制成胶囊。
2.根据权利要求1所述的植物源纳豆激酶胶囊的生产方法,其特征在于,所述植物选自由生菜、菠菜、番茄、萝卜、白菜、玉米、大豆、小麦和烟草组成的组中的一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的植物源纳豆激酶胶囊的生产方法,其特征在于,所述优化包括利用宿主植物的偏好密码子改造纳豆激酶基因。
4.根据权利要求3所述的植物源纳豆激酶胶囊的生产方法,其特征在于,所述优化的纳豆激酶基因的序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。
5.根据权利要求1所述的植物源纳豆激酶胶囊的生产方法,其特征在于,所述优化的纳豆激酶基因得到的纳豆激酶的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.2所示。
6.根据权利要求1所述的植物源纳豆激酶胶囊的生产方法,其特征在于,所述优化的纳豆激酶基因通过表达载体经基因枪轰击导入植物。
7.根据权利要求6所述的植物源纳豆激酶胶囊的生产方法,其特征在于,所述表达载体为pUC57-Natto载体。
8.根据权利要求7所述的植物源纳豆激酶胶囊的生产方法,其特征在于,所述pUC57-Natto载体的构建包括:将纳豆激酶基因序列的密码子替换为宿主植物的偏好密码子;人工合成优化后的纳豆激酶基因序列,将其克隆到pUC57载体中,获得pUC57-Natto。
9.根据权利要求7所述的植物源纳豆激酶胶囊的生产方法,其特征在于,其中所述再生植株的部分为含叶绿体的部分。
10.一种植物源纳豆激酶胶囊,其通过根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法制备得到。
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